译林版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT2教学知识细解码学案

1．reactvi.(对……)作出反应；有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应→reactionn．反应；反作用力2．competentadj.足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的→competencen．能力，胜任；技能3．suitvt.满足需要；相配，合身n．套装，西装，西服→suitableadj.合适的；适当的4．negotiatevi.&vt.谈判；商定，达成(协议)→negotiationn．协商；谈判5．clarifyvt.使更清晰易懂，阐明→clarificationn．阐明；澄清6．knowledgen．知识→knowledgeableadj.博学的，有见识的7．approvevi.&vt.赞成；批准，通过(计划、要求等)→approvaln．批准；同意，赞成suitvt.满足需要；相配，合身n．套装，西装，西服①Chooseacomputertosuityourparticularneeds. vt.满足需要②Bluesuitsyou.Youshouldwearitmoreoften. vt.相配③Theconsultantswereagroupofmeninsharpsuits. n.套装eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)competentadj.足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的[例]Ihadalwaysconsideredmyselfastrong，competentwoman.一直以来，我始终认为自己是个女强人。[知识拓展](1)becompetenttodosth. 能胜任做某事becompetentatdoingsth. 善于做某事(2)competencen. 能力；胜任；技能，本领[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hiscompetence(competent)indealingwithdemandingproblemssurprisedme.②Sheisverycompetentatcommunicating(communicate).③Makesurethefirmiscompetenttocarry(carry)outthework.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点2)suitvt.满足需要；相配，合身n．套装，西装，西服[例]Hecanbeveryhelpful，butonlywhenitsuitshim.有时候他非常乐意帮忙，不过那得是他觉得合适的时候。[知识拓展](1)suitsb. 适合某人suit...to... 使……适合……besuitedfor/to... 适合……(2)suitableadj. 合适的，适当的besuitableforsb./sth. 适合某人/某物besuitabletodosth. 适合做某事[即学即练]单句语法填空①Heandhiswifearewellsuitedtoeachother.②Hetriedtosuithisperformancetotheaudience.③Theshowisnotsuitable(suit)forchildren.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点3)negotiatevi.&vt.谈判；商定，达成(协议)[例]Wetriedtonegotiatealowerpricebuttheywouldn'tbudgeaninch.我们试图把价还低一些，但他们寸步不让。[知识拓展](1)negotiatewithsb.about/oversth. 与某人商议某事/谈判某事negotiatesth.withsb. 通过与某人商议/谈判解决某事；洽谈(2)negotiationn. 协商；谈判undernegotiation 在商谈中innegotiationwith 和……协商中[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thecompanyneedstonegotiatewithemployeesaboutchanginglaborcontractcontent.②Thedetailsofthecontractarestillundernegotiation.③Thetradeunionleaderwasinnegotiationwiththemanager.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点4)clarifyvt.使更清晰易懂，阐明[例]Thankyouforwritingandallowingmetoclarifythepresentposition.谢谢你的来信，并允许我阐明目前的立场。[知识拓展](1)clarifymatters 澄清真相clarifyone'sremarks 把话说清楚clarifyone'sstand/position 阐明某人的立场(2)clarificationn. 澄清[即学即练]完成句子/单句语法填空①Heclarifiedhisstand(阐明他的立场)ontheissue.②Hewasaskedtomakesomefurtherclarification(clarify).eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点5)sympathyn．同情；赞同[例]Ihavenosympathy—youbroughtitallonyourself.我根本不同情你——这都怪你自己。[知识拓展]express/feel/havesympathyforsb. 对某人表示同情outofsympathyfor 出于对……的同情havenosympathywith 不同意(情)……insympathywith 支持……[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Ifeelgreatsympathyforhim.②Theseamenwentonstrikeinsympathywiththedockers.③Hedevotedhimselftocharityoutofsympathyforthepoor(出于对穷人的同情).eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点6)accountforsth.是……的说明(或原因)；(数量上、比例上)占[例]Computersaccountfor5%ofthecountry'scommercialelectricityconsumption.计算机占该国商业用电的5%。[知识拓展]accountvt. 认为vi. 说明(原因等)，是……的原因； (指数量等)占n. 账目；叙述，报道； 原因，理由；利润，利益onnoaccount 决不(置于句首用部分倒装)onaccountof 因为；由于oaccount(consideration) 把……考虑在内keepanaccountof 记录，记载[即学即练]完成句子/单句语法填空①Hehadtoleavehisbelovedbasketballteamonaccountofhisinjury(由于他的伤).②Youshouldtakethefactorofherageintoaccount.③Onnoaccountshouldthehousebeleftunlocked.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点7)approvevi.&vt.赞成；批准，通过(计划、要求等)[例]Theministerapprovedthebuildingplans.部长批准了这个建筑计划。[知识拓展](1)approvethereport/plan 批准这份报告/计划approveofsb.'sdoingsth. 同意某人做某事approveofsth./sb. 赞成某事/同意某人(2)approvaln. [U]批准，认可，赞同giveone'sapprovalto 批准generalapproval 一致同意withapprovalof 经过……的批准subjecttosb.'sapproval 需得到某人的批准[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hedoesn'tapproveofmyleaving(leave)schoolthisyear.②Heshowedhisapproval(approve)bysmiling.③Theprimeministerhasgivenhisapprovaltotheplan.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)状语从句的省略(教材原句P16)Whenspokenbyastranger，theycanfunctionasameansofattractingyourattention.当陌生人说话时，它们可以作为吸引你注意力的一种手段。句式分析：本句中Whenspokenbyastranger是一个省略句，省略了theyare，完整句子是Whentheyarespokenbyastranger。[例1]While(Iwas)waiting，Iwasreadingsomemagazines.我一边看杂志，一边等。[例2]Though(theywere)tired，theywentonworking.虽然他们累了，但他们仍继续工作。[知识拓展](1)如果状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且谓语出现be动词时，可以把状语从句中的主语和be动词省略。(2)在状语从句中出现it和be动词的时候，可以把从句中的it和be动词省略。[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Fillintheapplicationasinstructed(instruct).②Hedancedaboutasif(hewas)insearchofsomething(似乎在寻找什么).③Ifnecessary(必要的话)，theairshipcanstayuptherefordaystokeepoutofdanger.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)notonly...butalso...(教材原句P16)Muchofwhatwecommunicateisdependentnotonlyonthewordsweuse，butalsoonhowweusethem.我们所交流的许多东西，不仅取决于我们使用的单词，还取决于我们如何使用它们。句式分析：本句中的notonly...butalso...结构，表示“不但……而且……”，连接并列的原因状语。[例1]Shenotonlyplayswell，butalsowritesmusic.她不仅演奏得很好，而且还会作曲。[例2]Wegotherenotonlyinwinter，butalsoinsummer.我们不仅冬天去那儿，而且夏天也去。[知识拓展](1)在notonly...butalso结构中，谓语动词的数原则上与其相近的主语保持一致。(2)为了强调，可将notonly置于句首，此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacheris(be)enjoyingthefilm.②Notonlydotheyneedclothing，buttheyarealsoshortofwater.1．Dependingonwhetheryouarecommunicatingwithastranger，friend，familymemberorco­worker，youwillneedtodecidewhichcommunicationchannelbestsuitsthesituation.[分析]本句中的dependingon...是动词­ing形式短语在句中作状语，whether引导宾语从句；which引导宾语从句，作decide的宾语。[译文]根据你是否正在与陌生人、朋友、家人或同事沟通，你需要决定哪一个沟通渠道最适合这种情况。2．Youmaynotapproveoftheirideasbutatleastyouwillseewheretheyarecomingfrom，whichmeansyoucanmakeadjustmentstoyourowntoneandchoiceofwordsaccordingly.[分析]where引导宾语从句，作see的宾语；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。[译文]你可能不赞成他们的想法，但至少你会明白这些想法从何而来，这意味着你可以相应地调整自己的语气和措辞。教材高考1.Dependingonwhetheryouarecommunicatingwithastranger，friend，familymemberorco­worker，youwillneedtodecidewhichcommunicationchannelbestsuitsthesituation.(2020·江苏卷)Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation，you'llfindprobablyasolutionthatsuitseveryone.2.Onlywhenyougiveseriousconsiderationtotheirpointsofviewwillyoubeabletoseewhataccountsfortheiremotionsandempathizewiththem.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(电源)—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(传输).3.Muchofwhatwecommunicateisdependentnotonlyonthewordsweuse，butalsoonhowweusethem.(2020·江苏卷)There，henotonlydidwellasastudentbutalsobecameanaccomplishedpublicspeaker.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherloves(love)theirschoolverymuch.2．Theexhibitionismoreinterestingthanexpected(expect).3．Foramoment，ArnoldwasfullofsympathyforMrWilson.4．Thearticleisreadytobepublished，subjecttoyourapproval(approve).5．Chinaaccountsfor70percentofglobalsilkproduction.6．MrWinchesterisimpressivelyknowledgeable(knowledge)aboutallmannerofthings.7．Heaskedforclarification(clarify)ofthegovernment'sposition.8．Wenegotiatedwithhimtobuyoneofthesketches.9．Wouldnowbeasuitable(suit)momenttodiscussmyreport?10．Someyoungteachersarenotsocompetentattheirteaching.Ⅱ.短语填空inresponse；referto；approveof；putyourselfinone'sshoes；accountfor；negotiatewith1．Idon'tapproveofviolenceinanyshapeorform.2．Itisnotclearwhetherthepresidentiswillingtonegotiatewiththedemocrats.3．Thesocialservicesaccountforalargepartofpublicspending.4．Thecountryslowedbutdidnotstopitsnuclearpolicyinresponse．5．Putyourselfinhisshoes—soastoseethingsthroughhiseyes.6．Imentionthispointnowinpassingandshallrefertoitagain.Ⅲ.课文语法填空Communicationistheprocessof1.exchanging(exchange)