2022年北京朝阳区高三一模英语试题和答案

北京市朝阳区高三年级第二学期质量检测一英语2022.3(考试时间满分分)本试卷共页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共ABCD并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Jensenwasfrompainfulnervedamagehislegandfoot.Heneededbuthedoubtedhecouldseeingabillfor18,20,24,000dollarsandgoing,”Jensen.LuckilyforJensen,hisdoctorDemetrioAguila.ThenervespecialistgivespatientsathisHealingHandsofNebraskaPapillionthepayforsurgerythroughcommunity1evenwithinsurance.nothingmore2than3serviceinsteadofHecallsM25Program.Attheheartofhisvisionwassimpleofpeoplehelpingpeople.4Usinganalgorithm(算法),thecliniccalculatescommunityservicehoursbasedonthepriceoftheIncase,the$12,000operationequaled560hoursofoneoflocalcharitableorganizationsregisteredwiththeM25Program.Jensenoptedcommunityservice.Sincehundredsofhoursofcommunityservicewouldbe,Aguilaencouraged56othershelp,andhe7involvedhimself“Ihadthishopethatwewouldrekindle(重新激起)theenthusiasmfor8ourneighborsourselves,”hetoldJensen,whosewascompletedFebruary2020,washelpedbymorethan100friendsandstrangerswhofreelyhelpatOrphanGrainwhichdonatesfood,clothing,medicinenationallyand9thepeopleourownbackyard,”Aguila.“AndwewantmorepeoplelikeJensenwhohavelosthopeIfpeoplecometogetherhelpotherpeople,ourcommunity10.”1.A．buyB．C．bookD．accept2.A．depressing3.A．schedule4.A．judgment5.A．helpingout6.A．exciting7.A．evenB．shamefulB．investmentB．curiosityB．movingaboutB．boringC．confusingC．instructionC．beautyDdangerousDoptionD．interestDworkingoutD．enjoyableD．ratherC．hangingaroundC．toughB．almostC．8.A．training9.A．trouble10.A．servedB．understandingB．cheatC．learningC．ignoreDvolunteeringDhurtB．liftedC．testedD．awarded第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）1给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。ADoyoutakemusicartclasses?Theseclasses,whicharepartofagroupofclassesoften(know)asartseducation,studentslearnthingsacreativeManypeoplebelieveartseducation12(play)animportantpartthelivesofstudents.whenschools13(cut)mostcases.Thisbecausesomeneedsavemusicartprogramspeoplebelievematterlessthanotherclasses.Differentopinionsaboutmusicandartcanthefutureofartseducation,importantunderstandthesepointsofBThenameofSorrento,atownhadbeenputdeepmysoulforatime,mainlythroughhearingvariousAfterconsideration,Ifinally14(performance)ofthesong“ComebackSorrento”.(pay)avisitSorrentoduringthesummervacation.The15townwasconsiderablypopularforAmericanweddingsandtraditionalfood.Oneevening,while16(wander)thestreet,Iwasattractedbyahouse.Aproudcitizentoldmethatwastherestaurant17SophiaLoren,thefamousactress,oncedined.PerhapswhatimpressedmemostaboutSorrentowaslemons.Thefruitprovidedtherawmaterialslemonsoapsonsaleeverywhere.CAthletesarenotonlycompetitors,butgoodfriends—amainattractionofOlympics.18athletesbestwishestheircompetitors,eventheyhavethemselveslost.Ascompetitorstheycompeteforgold,butasfriendsworktogetherchallengelimits.ThehugsreceivedfromothercompetitorsarealwaysremarkedtheGamesbecausethetrueOlympicspirit19victorynationalboundaries.amedaldefinitelyimportant,butoneneedsagoldenheartcopewithallthedifficultiesonthefieldandcongratulatetheircompetitors.whatmakestheOlympics20(attract).第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38第一节（共14小题；每小题228分）ABCD将该项涂黑。ANowyoucreateyourownstreamingvideoswithdevices!Simplyconnectyourcameras,computersormicrophones.Thenpushthebuttonsonthepanelswitchvideosourcesjustlikeaprofessionalbroadcaster!caneventitles,picture-in-pictureoverlaysandmixaudio!livestreamZoom,Skypeor➢MiniMinianewlow-costliveproductionAllthebuttonsarepositionedonthefrontpanelsoveryeasylearn.youcancreateyourownvideos.Thereare4HDMI(高清多媒体接口)videoinputsforconnectingcamerasandcomputers,plusaUSBoutputthatlookslikeawebcamerasoyoucanconnectZoomorSkype.Besides,areallyprofessionalbroadcastwhichmeanshasprofessionaleffectssuchasaDVE(Digital)forpicture-in-pictureeffectscommonlyusedforexplainingcomputerslides.Therearetitlesforpresenternames,wipeswitchingbetweensourcesagreenscreenkeyer(键控器)forreplacingbackgroundwithpictures.SoftwareControlforMacPCalsoincluded,whichallowsaccessmoreadvancedbroadcastfeatures!➢MiniTheMinimodelincludesallthefeaturesMini,plusmore!Ithasabuilt-inhardwarestreamingengineforlivestreamingviaEthernet(以太网)connection.ThismeansyoucanlivestreamFacebookmuchbetterqualityandwithperfectlysmoothmotion.canevenconnectaorflashstoragetheconnectionandrecordyourstreamforuploadlater!withsomanycameras,computersandthingscangetbusyfast!TheMiniPromodelfeaturesamultiviewthatyouseeallcameras,titlesandprograms,plusstreamingandrecordingstatusallonasingleTVorIfyouwantlearnmore,visit.21.devices,you________.A.exchangevideosourcesothersC.livestreamonsocialmediaplatformsB.takepicturesandturnintovideosD.competewithaprofessionalbroadcaster22.Accordingthepassage,MiniPro________.A.hasmorebuttonsB.featuresmoreHDMIinputsC.canchangethebackgroundofapictureD.displayseveralviewsonasinglescreen23.Wheredoesthepassagemostprobablycomefrom?A.AbookB.Atraveljournal.D.Aresearchreport.C.Asciencemagazine.BIfirstdiscoveredtheLittleFreeLibraryconceptwhilebeinga2015vacationSantaBarbara,California.Ifelllovewiththeideaoffreeliterature-sharingboxespostedattheedgesofparksandalongsidewalksneighbourhoods.Andbecauseourhomewasalreadyfilledwithmountainouspilesofbooks,myhusbandwasn’ttheleastbitsurprisedwhenIsuggestedstartingaLittleFreeLibraryofourown.Inourgardenshed(棚),wefilledtheshelveswithbooksfromourpersonalcollection.Overnexttwomonths,strangersdiscoveredourLittleFreeLibraryandbegantheirregularvisit.Myloveofreadingdatesback1970,whenIstudiedathree-roomprimaryschoolhouseonadirtroad.Oneday,IaccidentallycamethebasementlibraryandIwasfascinatedbythepicturebooks.Unfortunately,thebookswerelaterthrownawaywhentheschooldiscoveredthebasementwasfullofmould(霉).Happily,weekslater,atruckarrivedwithatrailerwhich,withthehelpofcounty’spubliclibrary,hadbeentransformedintoaparadise(乐土)thosewhoenjoyedreading.NowIrememberthefloor-to-ceilingshelvesandthecarpetedbenchesEverytimeIleft,Iwrotemynameonseveralsign-outcards,whichwerefilledwithnamesofchildrenfromneighbouringschools.Welikedthebooksand,althoughwenevermet,Iconsideredthemfriends.AtthebeginningofthefirstCOVID-19lockdown,LittleFreeLibrarybeganincludechildren’sstories.Iwitnessedmothersliftingtheirchildrenforalookintothelibrary.Walkersincludedstreettheirsocouldcheckforofferings.Someroutinelydrovefromseveralblocksawayvisit.Fromtimetime,visitorsfilledshelveswithliteraryfiction,romances,poetryarangeofnon-fiction.IsmiledwhenpeoplemetmetheyardandcommentedthatourLittleFreeLibrarywaslikeabirdfeeder.WeremaingratefulthatwehavekeptourLittleFreeLibraryopen.Ithasbecomealternativemeansofcreatingacommunityofpeoplewithmutualregardforhumanityandthewrittenword.Wearetogetherevenwhenapart.24.WhatinspiredtheauthorstarttheLittleFreeLibrary?A.Hercollectionofbooks.C.Herencouragement.B.Anexperienceduringavacation.D.Strangers’visithergardenshed.25.Fromthepassage,welearnthat________.A.neighbouringschoolsbooksLittleFreeLibraryB.theenthusiasmforreadingstartedfromherchildhoodC.childrenwrotetheirnamesonthesign-outcardsmeetfriendsD.thecounty’spubliclibrarybecameaperfectplacebooklovers26.PeopleconsideredtheLittleFreeLibraryabirdfeederbecause________.A.providedfoodforthoughtC.visitorscouldfeedbirdsB.attractedbirdsforshelterD.peoplecouldexchangebookshereCBothmisinformation,whichincludeshonestmistakes,disinformation,whichinvolvesanintentionmislead,haveagrowingimpactteenagestudentsoverthepastyears.Onetoolthatschoolscandealwiththisproblemmedialiteracyeducation.Theideateachteenagestudentshowevaluateandthinkcriticallyaboutthemessagestheyreceive.thereprofounddisagreementaboutwhatteach.Someapproachesteachdistinguishthequalityoftheinformationpartlearninghowresponsiblejournalismworks.somescholarsthatthesemethodsoverstatejournalismandcultivatecriticalthinkingskills.Otherapproachesteachstudentsmethodsforevaluatingthecredibilityofnewsinformationsources,partbydeterminingtheincentiveofthosesources.Theyteachstudentsask:Whatencouragedthemcreatewhy?Buteventheseapproachesteachstudentsspecificskillswell,someexpertsarguethatdeterminingcredibilityofthenewsjustthefirststep.Oncestudentsfigureouttrueorfalse,whattheotherassessmentandtheotheranalysistheyneeddo?someapproachesmedialiteracyeducationnotworkbutmightactuallybackfirebyincreasingstudents’skepticismaboutthewaythemediawork.Studentsmaybeginreadallkindsofimmoralmotivesintoeverything.Itgoodeducatestudentschallengetheirassumptions,butveryeasyforstudentsgofromhealthycriticalthinkingunhealthyskepticismandtheideathateveryonelyingallthetime.avoidthesepotentialproblems,broadapproacheshelpstudentsdevelopmindsetswhichtheybecomecomfortablewithuncertaintyareneed.AccordingeducationalpsychologistPerryofHarvardstudentsgothroughvariousstagesoflearning.First,childrenareblack-and-whitethinkers—theythinktherearerightanswerswronganswers.Thentheydevelopintorelativists,realizingthatknowledgecanbecontextual.Thisstagetheonepeoplecancomebelievenotruth.medialiteracyeducation,theaimgetstudentsthenextlevel—thatplacewherecanstartseeandappreciatethefactthattheworldandTheyhavethesefundamentalapproachesgatheringknowledgethatcanaccept,buttheyvalueSchoolshavealongwaygobeforetheygetthere,though.Manymorestudieswillbeneededresearchersreachacomprehensiveunderstandingofwhatworksandwhatdoesn’toverthelongterm.“Educationscholarsneedtakeambitiousstepforward,”saysHowarddirectoroftheCenterforNewsLiteracyatStonyBrook27.Asmedialiteracyeducation,whatthemajorconcern?A.Howachievegoal.B.Howmeasureprogress.D.Howpromoteimportance.C.Howavoidside28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“incentive”Paragraph2probablymean?A.Importance.B.C.Motivation.D.Benefit.29.TheauthormentionsstagesoflearningParagraph4mainly________.A.comparetypesthinkingB.evaluatestudents’minddevelopmentC.explainatheoryofeducationalpsychologyD.stresstheneedraisestudents’thinkinglevels30.Whichwouldbethebestforthispassage?A.MediaLiteracyEducation:MuchStillRemainsB.MediaLiteracyEducation:SchoolsAreBlameC.MediaLiteracyEducation:AIdentifyFalseInformationD.MediaLiteracyEducation:AforCriticalThinkingDHowmuchtimedoyouspenddoingresearchbeforeyoumakeabigdecision?Therepeoplewhogoovereverydetailexhaustivelybeforemakingachoice,certainlypossibleoverthinkthings.Butafairnumberofindividualsarequickjumpconclusions.Psychologistscallthelatteramentalbias(偏见).Inthiscase,theerrormakingacallbasedontheleastofevidence.AresearchbyCarmenSanchez,aprofessorattheUniversityofIllinois,andDavidDunning,aprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan,hasfoundthathastyjudgmentsareoftenjustonepartoflargererror-pronepatternsbehaviorandthinking.patternshavecosts.Peoplewhotendmakesuchjumpstheirreasoningoftenchooseabetwhichtheyhavelowchancesofwinninginsteadofonewheretheirchancesaremuchbetter.Tostudyjumping,researchersdidanexperimentdecision-makingpatternsamong600peoplefromthegeneralpopulation.Theyappliedathinkinggame,whichplayersencounteredsomeonewhowasfishingfromoneoftwolakes:onelake,mostofthewerered;theother,mostweregray.Thefisherwouldcatchonefishatatimeandstoponlywhenplayersthoughttheycouldsaywhichlakewasbeingfished.Someplayershadseemanyfishbeforemakingadecision.Others—thejumpers—stoppedonlyoneortwo.Participantswerealsoaskedquestionslearnaboutthoughtpatterns.wasfoundthatthefewerfishaplayerwaitedsee,themoreerrorsthatindividualmadeothertypesofbeliefs,reasoningdecisions.Sowhatbehindjumping?Researcherscommonlydistinguishbetweentwopathwaysofthought:automatic,knownassystemwhichreflectsideasthatcomethemindeasily,spontaneouslywithouteffort;andcontrolled,orsystem2,consistingofeffortfulreasoningthatanalytic,mindfulintentional.Itwasfoundthatjumpersandnon-jumperswereequallyinfluencedbyautomaticthoughts.Thejumpers,however,didnotengagecontrolledreasoningthesamedegreeasnon-jumpers.Itsystem2thinkingthathelpspeoplecounterbalancementalbiasesintroducedbysystem1.Alackofsystem2thinkingalsomorebroadlyconnectedtheirproblematicbeliefsandfaultyreasoning.Ineverydaylife,thequestionofwhetherweshouldthinkthingsthroughorinsteadgowithourheartafrequentimportantone.Recentstudiesthatevengatheringjustabitmoreevidencemayhelpusamajormistake.Sometimesthemostimportantdecisionwemakebetakesomebeforemakingachoice.31.Whatthemainideaofthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Overthinkingthingsamentalbias.B.Evidenceanecessityjudgments.C.Jumpingresultsfromawishwinabet.D.Jumpershaveatendencyamentalmistake.32.Whatwelearnfromexperiment?A.Jumperscaughtmorefishthannon-jumpers.B.Non-jumpersgaveanswersjumpers.C.Non-jumperstendedmorefishbeforenaminglake.D.Peoplewhofewermadefewermistakesreasoning.33.Accordingpassage,whichsituationsystem2engagedmore?A.Aftercomparingdifferentbrandsmodels,DavidpurchasedaB.OnhearingthattheApollomoonlandingswerefaked,MiabelievedC.Seeingthedirtywindowsofarestaurant,Marydecidedfoodwasbad.D.Whenpickingamerelyacceptedtherecommendationfromafriend.34.Whatdoestheauthorintendtellus?A.reflectonourthoughtpatternsB.twicebeforewemakeourdecisions.C.realizetheconsequencesoffaultyreasoning.D.adopttwopathwaysofthoughtbeforeacting.第二节（共5小题；每小题210分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Petsarelikeourfamilymembersandtheirgoodhealthsomethingthatveryimportantallpetowners.Justasthepollutants,suchascarbonmonoxide(一氧化物)andcarbondioxidetheaffecthealth,theseenvironmentalnastiesourpetstoo.3557%ofdogsexposedhigherpollutionlevelsdevelopedbraindiseasesandshowedsignsofneuroproblems.InamorerecentstudyfromthejournalofInternalMedicine,researchersfoundthatcatswithbreathingproblemsweremorelikelylivehouseholdswithhigherairpollution.Airpurifiershavebeenbroughtintouserecentyears.Theyworkremoveharmfulchemicalsknownasvolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs)andotherenvironmentalpollutantsfromthe36Butaresafeforpets?Howweensurethattheyharmingourfurryfriends?37Thephysicalsafetyofusingamechanicaldevicearoundpetswhatwehavepayattentionto.Airpurifierscomevariousshapessizes,fromsmalldesk-topunitslarge,free-standingmodels.Inofphysicalharm,thereanexistingriskofourpetbecomingtrappedtheelectricalwireofairAirpurifiersaredesignedbethehomearoundchildrenandtheirinternalmechanismsshouldalsofromsmalltailsofourpetsandotherpartsoftheirbodies.38WhethertheairpurifierimprovesordamagesthehealthofouranimalsalsosomethingwehaveTheairpurifiersaresafeforpets,theydonotproduceanyozone(臭氧)byproduct.shouldalwaysstayawayfromtheonesthatproduceevenminimalquantities.arealwaysonthesafesidebypickingastandardairpurifierwiththe3-stagefiltration(过滤)systemofafilterandcarbonactivatedPickingthewrongairpurifiertypequicklymakethingsworseforourpets.Ontheotherhand,pickingthecorrectairpurifiercanleadabigincreasequalityofforthem.A.Atpresentmanyhomesequippedwiththeseusefuldevices.B.Beforebuyinganairweshouldkeepmind.C.Petownersalwayspaycloseattentionthephysicalhealthoftheirpets.D.Evensmallestpetsshouldn’tbeableaccesstheinsidesofairpurifiers.E.Thisgreatlydependsontypeofairpurifierandaircleaningtechnologyused.Soalwayschecktheproductspecificationsandtryfindamodelthatdoesnotproduceanycarbonmonoxide.G.A2008studypublishedBrainCognitionshowedthatdogs’brainswerenegativelyaffectedbytheheavypollutionlevels.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第、41242题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Manyparentswatchfulabouttheiruseofelectronicdevicessetstrictforthemprotecttheirchildrenfromthepotentiallyharmfuleffectsoftoomuchscreentime.Butparentsmayoverlookinganotherdevice-relateddanger—secondhandscreentime.meantmirrorthedangerregardsecondhandsmoking.Whenparentsaredistractedbyanelectronicdeviceandonlygivepartialattentiontheirchildren,thekidsareactuallysufferingfrominfluence.Secondhandscreentimebringnegativeconsequences.Kids,whoseparentsspendmuchtimewiththeirdevices,aremorelikelydevelopaddictivebehaviourswithdevicesastheyExcessive(过度的)devicealsosendsthemessagethatthedeviceandactivitiesonaremoreimportantthanthechildren.Thisleadabreakdowntheparent-childrelationship.Whenparentsareabsorbedtheirdevices,theymaynotrealizetheirchildrenareexposedviolentormaturecontentorfast-movingimagesthatareoverlystimulatingforyoungbrains.Secondhandscreentimeanissueparentsneedbeawareofregardlessoftheirage.Parentscantakethefollowingtipsreduceimpact.➢FocusonqualitytimeAcognitive,communication,socialemotionaldevelopmenthappenstheirrelationshipswiththeircareproviders.Themoreparentsspendlookingatelectronics,thelesstimetheycandevotegivingthekidstheirfullattention.Thisdoesn’tmeanparentsshouldneverusedeviceswhentheyaretogetherwiththeirchildren.Parentsneedbeawareofhowoftenarefullyengagedwiththeirchildrenwithoutdevicesandmakesuretheyofferqualityinteractionandattention.➢SetanexampleParentsoftentellkidsimportantcontroldeviceuse,buttheirexperiencewithparentsfromearlyagewatchingparentsusedeviceschildrenaremuchlikelyfollowthatmodel.Bysettingagoodexample,parentsaresendingtheirkidsthemessage“doasIdo”,whichmoreeffectivethan“doasIsay”.40.Whatsecondhandscreentimeaccordingthepassage?41.Whatproblemsdoessecondhandscreenbringchildren?42.Pleasedec