英语人教版（全国）选修6导学笔记Unit1PeriodThree

PeriodThreeGrammar—SubjunctiveMood(1)课文原句感知1．Ifyoucouldhave(have)threeofthesepaintingsonthewallsofyourclassroom，whichwouldyouchoose(choose)?2．Ifyouwere(be)anartist，whatkindofpictureswouldyoupaint(paint)?3．Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered(not，discover)，noonewouldhavebeen(be)abletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.4．Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique，wewouldnotbe(not，be)abletoseethemanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous.5．Therearescoresofmodernartstyles，butwithouttheImpressionists，manyofthesepaintingstylesmightnotexist(not，exist)．虚拟语气是英语测试的重点之一。虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其使用情况如下：一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法if条件从句条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式表示与现在相反的情况动词过去式(be动词常用were)would/should/could/might＋动词原形1.Ifwehadenoughmoney，wewouldbuyaputer.如果我们有足够的钱，我们就会买台电脑。2．Weretheyherenow，theycouldhelpus.如果现在他们在这里，他们就能帮助我们。表示与过去相反的情况had＋过去分词would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词1.Ifhehadknownyouraddressyesterday，hewouldhavevisitedyou.如果他昨天知道你的地址，他就会拜访你了。2．HadIworkedharderatschool，I’dhavegotabetterjob.如果我在学校学习更努力的话，就会找到一份更好的工作。表示与将来相反的情况，是对将来的一种假设(发生的可能性不大)should＋动词原形；wereto＋动词原形；动词过去式(be动词常用were)would/should/could/might＋动词原形1.Ifitshouldraintomorrow，we’dstayathome.(下雨的可能性并不大)如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。2．WereItomeetMarysomeday，Iwouldtellherwhathashappenedhere.如果有一天我遇到玛丽，我就会告诉她这里发生的一切。3．Ifourtrainarrivedontime，wewouldhavetimetovisityoursister.如果我们的火车能按时到达，我们就有时间去看你妹妹。注意：虚拟条件句中有had，should，were时，可将if去掉，把had，should，were提到主语之前，即倒装结构，如例2。二、使用虚拟语气的其他情况1．(1)在wish后的宾语从句及ifonly后的从句中，表示现在的愿望，谓语常用过去时。IwishIknewhisaddress.我要是知道他的地址就好了。IwishIwereyoung.我要是年轻就好了。IwishIcouldswim.我要是会游泳就好了。Ifonlymothercouldbeherenow!现在要是妈妈在这里就好了！(2)表示过去不能实现的愿望，并对此感到遗憾或后悔，谓语用过去完成时。Iwishyouhadwrittentohim.我希望你写信给他了。Ihavefailedintheexam.IfonlyIhadfollowedyouradvice！我考试没及格。要是我听了你的建议就好了！(3)表示将来的愿望，谓语用would/could/might＋动词原形，实现的可能性较低，接近一种客气的请求。Iwishyouwouldn’tsmokeanymore.我希望你不再抽烟了。Iwishhecouldetomorrow.我希望他明天能来。Ifonlyitwouldstopraining！要是雨能停就好了！2．在wouldrather后的宾语从句中，谓语常用一般过去时表示现在或将来的情况；用过去完成时表示过去的情况。IwouldratherIhadn’tbeentosuchaplace.我宁愿我没有去过那样一个地方。3．某些介词或介词短语，如butfor，without，副词或连词，如otherwise，however，or，but等也可以表达一个暗含的虚拟的条件，这种情况下要仔细阅读上下文的语境，如：Forthegreaterpartofthevoyagewehadpleasantweather，buttowardstheendofourcrossingaterriblestormcameupandtheshipwouldhavesunkwithallonaboardbutfortheeffortsofthecaptain.在这次航行的大部分时间里，天气都很好。但是在航行临近结束时刮起了可怕的风暴，要不是由于船长的努力，所有的乘客就会跟着轮船一起沉没了。4．有时条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间不一致，这类句子称为错综时间条件句。此时主、从句动词的形式应根据各自所表示的时间进行调整。Ifhehadtakenmyadvicethen，hewouldn’tbeintroublenow.如果那时他听取了我的建议，现在他就不会有麻烦了。Ifsheweretoleave，Iwouldhaveheardaboutit.如果她要走，我会听说的。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Ifthenewsafetysystemhadbeenput(put)touse，theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.(2017·北京)2．—DoyouhaveBetty’sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise，Iwouldn’thavebeen(not，be)abletoreachheryesterday.(2017·天津)3．Were(be)itnotforthesupportoftheteachers，thestudentcouldnotovereherdifficulty.(2017·江苏)4．Whydidn’tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyouhadtold(tell)me，Icouldhavehelped.(2016·北京)5．Ifithadnotbeen(not，be)forhisinvitationtheotherday，Ishouldnotbeherenow.(2016·江苏)6．Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn’tbeenwearingone，Iwouldhavebeeninjured(injure)．(2016·天津)7．Withouthiswartimeexperiences，Hemingwaywouldn’thavewritten(not，write)hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.(2015·重庆)8．IwishIhadbeen(be)atmysister’sweddinglastTuesday，butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.(2015·天津)9．Itisluckywebookedaroom，orwewouldhave(have)nowheretostaynow.(2015·安徽)Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1．Someclassmatessuggestwecan或eq\f(can,should)gotoplacesofinterestnearby.(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)2．Ifyoueq\f(are,were)me，wouldyoutalktothem？(2015·四川，短文改错)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Ifthereshouldbe/were(be)anychangeaboutthedate，Iwouldinformyouintime.2．Hadtheweatherbeengood，thetwinswouldhavegone(go)outforawalk.3．Mybestfriendisintrouble.IfonlyIhad(have)enoughmoneytohelpher!4．HowIwishIhadseen(see)heratthestation，butIwastoobusy.5．Wearrivedthereontime.Otherwisewewouldhavemissed(miss)theearlybus.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)6．IfonlyIeq\f(haven’t,hadn’t)playedputergameslastnight!7．Ifiteq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(should))或eq\f(rain,rained)thisafternoon，thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.8．IfIeq\f(was,were)abigboss，Iwouldhelpthepoorchildrenintheworld.9．IwouldratherIeq\f(haven’t,hadn’t)acceptedhisofferthatday.10．Hewisheshissoneq\f(will,would)beeafamousdoctorsomeday.Ⅲ.完成句子11．要是我能发明一个强大的机器人就好了！IfonlyIcouldinventapowerfulrobot!12．我希望有一天我能乘坐宇宙飞船登上月球。IwishIcould/wouldgotothemooninaspaceshiponeday.13．如果他昨晚没有迟到，他就会抓住这次机会了。Ifhehadn’tbeenlatelastnight，hewouldhavegraspedthechance.14．要是没有考试，现在我们会过着一种轻松很多的生活。Withoutexams，wewouldliveamucheasierlifenow.15．他宁愿那天没有对儿子大喊大叫。Hewouldratherhehadn’tshoutedathissonthatday.Ⅳ.语法填空(2017·陕西山阳中学高二检测)Longtimeago,16.anemperorofChinawantedtogetapaintingofroosters.Soheaskedafamouspainter17.who/thatwasgoodatpaintingflowersand18.birds(bird)topaintaroosterforhim.Hewantedtheroostertobethe19.best(good)amongallhiscollections.Thepainterpromised20.todo(do)so.Then，theemperorwaitedandwaitedforoneyear，buthedidn’tgetthepicture.Finally，theemperorbecame21.angry(anger)andwantedtokillthepainter.22.Knowing(know)theshockingnews，thepainterhurriedintothepalacewithpaper，paint，andabrush.Withinfiveminutes，aperfectroosterappearedonthepaper.Afterseeingthis，theemperorbecamemuchangrier.“Sinceyoucanpaintaroosterinfiveminutes，whydidyoukeepme23.waiting(wait)foroverayear？”heasked.Thepainterinvitedtheemperortohishouse.There，theemperorsawpilesandpilesofpaper.Oneverypieceofpaper24.was(be)apaintingofarooster.“YourMajesty，”saidthepainter，“25.IttookmemorethanayeartoimprovemypaintingskillsothatIcanpaintaperfectroosterforyou.”Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2017·山西大学附中高二检测)Itistruethatpeoplewithbettereducationareusuallyabletogetbetterpayingjobs.Inotherwords，theyhavemorechancestochooseagoodjobwhilepeoplewithlittleornoeducationdon’t.Itseemsthatthepurposeofeducationistomakepeoplegetjobs.Butthisisn’tacceptedbyallpeople.Somepeoplemaythinkthatapersonshouldspendthebestyearsofhislifetogeteducationonlyforawayofliving.Thiswasprobablyoneoftheearliestreasonsofeducation.Infact，ifeducationisjustawayofmakingaliving，peopledon’tneedtospendsomuchtimeinschool.Peoplecangeteducationforalivinginashorttime.Subjectslikehistoryandgeographyneednotbetaughttoeveryone.Evenlanguageandmathsneednotbetaughtindetail(详细地)，either.Hereitisclearthateducationismuchmorethanteachingamantogetawayofliving.Educationiswell­roundedanditismainlyforimprovingaman.Itisnotonlytoteachhimtospeak，readandwrite，butalsotodevelophiscreativethinkingandotherabilities.Afterthat，itistomakehimawisemanandthankfullyenjoytheachievementsofhuman.Educationistomakeamanleadabetterlife.Educatedpeopleareexpectedtobeabletolistentogoodmusic，readgoodbooks，watchplaysandtakeaninterestintheworld.Iwouldagreethatmakingagoodlivingisanimportantreasonforeducation，butcertainlynotthemostimportantorthemainreason.语篇解读本文的主题是：接受教育是为了什么？接受教育不仅仅是为了找工作，而是为了自我提高、自我完善。1．Peoplewithlittleeducationusually.A．spendalongtimeinschoolB．haveagoodchancetogetajobC．spendthebestyearstochoosejobsD．havefewerchancestogetagoodjob答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，接受教育很少的人得到好工作的机会很少，故D项正确。2．Theearliesteducationwasprobablyto.A．makeamanleadabetterlifeB．teachamantowriteandreadC．makepeoplegetawayoflivingD．teachpeopletoreadgoodbooks答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，早期的教育是为了让人们谋生，故C项正确。3．Theunderlinedword“well­rounded”inParagraph3means“”inChinese.A．圆满的 B．崭新的C．公平的 D．全面的答案D解析词义猜测题。根据画线词下一句“Itisnotonlytoteachhimtospeak，readandwrite，butalsotodevelophiscreativethinkingandotherabilities.”可知，教育是全面的，它不仅是教会一个人说、读、写，而且还开发他的思维和其他能力，故D项正确。4．Itisexpectedthateducatedpeoplewillbeableto.A．accepteducationasawayoflivingB．takeaninterestinthewholeworldC．developtheirabilitiestomakeplaysD．learnsubjectslikelanguageandmath答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，受过教育的人能够对整个世界都感兴趣，故B项正确。B(2017·山西康杰中学高二检测)TheNutcrackerTime：May5Place：WuhanTheaterEnjoyafairytaleetolifewiththisamazingproduction，presentedbythefamousRussianStateBallet.TheballettellsthestoryofalittlegirlwhoreceivesanutcrackerasapresentonChristmasEve.Suddenly，ittransformsintoalittleprince，andhetakesthegirlonavoyagethroughtheLandofSnow.ThisproductionisasuperbperformancewhichliveduptothemysteryofthecharmingRussianclassic.HelloSadnessTime：OngoinguntilMay1Place：ShanghaiArtTheaterThisplayisadaptedfromthe1954FrenchnovelBonjourTristesse，writtenbyFrancoiseSaganwhenshewasonly18.Thestoryisabouta17­year­oldgirl，Cecile，wholiveswithherfatherRaymond.WhenRaymondfinallydecidestosettledownwithawoman，Cecileworriesabouthowherlifewillchange，andshetriestodestroythemarriage.Bepreparedforasadending.RainZoneTime：OngoinguntilJune19Place：ZhujiangPartyPierBeerCulture&ArtZone，GuangzhouIfyouhavewonderedwhatitisliketowalkintherainwithoutgettingwet，thisisanexhibitionyoushouldn’tmiss.Thisartisticequipmentallowsvisitorstowalkthroughfallingwater，butsensorsmakesurethatthewaterstopsfallingwhereverapersonisstanding.Theexperiencewillprovideyouwiththeinterestingfeelingthatyou’recontrollingtherain.ClaudeMonetTime：May1toAug31Place：BeijingWorldArtMuseumIfyouareanartfanwhoalsoenjoysmoderntechnology，youshouldmaketimeforthismultimediaexhibition.Thehigh­techartshowdisplaysabout400copiesofClaudeMonet’sworkandrecordsthelifeoftheartisthimself.TheexhibitiontakesyouthroughMonet’sartisticcareer.Withthehelpof3­Dtechnology，visitorscanalsotraveltoMonet’shometowntoseehowhismasterpieceswerecreated.eq\x(语篇解读本文介绍几个演出和展览的时间、地点以及其他的一些具体信息。)5．WhichplacemaysatisfyadancefaninMay?A．WuhanTheater.B．ShanghaiArtTheater.C．ZhujiangPartyPierBeerCulture&ArtZone.D．BeijingWorldArtMuseum.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一部分TheNutcracker的内容，时间是在“Time：May5，...presentedbythefamousRussianStateBallet.”可知，舞蹈爱好者在5月份可能在WuhanTheater看到舞蹈表演，故选A。6．WhatcanwelearnabouttheplayHelloSadness?A．It’sproducedbyateenager.B．Cecile’sfathertreatsherbadly.C．It’sanadaptationfromanovel.D．Cecile’sfamilyliveinharmony.答案C解析细节理解题。根据HelloSadness这部分内容的第一句“Thisplayisadaptedfromthe1954FrenchnovelBonjourTristessewrittenbyFrancoiseSaganwhenshewasonly18.”这个话剧是根据1954年的法国小说BonjourTristesse改编的，故选C。7．WhichcanyoustillenjoyinJuly?A．HelloSadness. B．TheNutcracker.C．RainZone. D．ClaudeMonet.答案D解析细节理解题。根据四个表演或展览的时间可知，7月你能欣赏的只有ClaudeMonet，故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空(2017·安徽黄山市高二检测)Myfatherwasaself­taughtmandolinplayer.Hewasoneofthebeststringinstrumentplayersinourtown.Hecouldnot8music，butifheheardatuneafewtimes，hecouldplayit.Ilovedtosing，butIneverlearnedhowto9themandolin.ThisissomethingI10tothisday.Dadlovedtoplaythemandolinforhis11，asheknewweenjoyedsinging，andhearinghimplay.Hewasalwaysthere，12histimeandeffortstoseethathisfamilyhadenoughintheirlife.Ihadtomatureintoamanandhavechildrenofmyown13Irealizedhowmuchhehadsacrificed.14playedthemandolinlikemyfather.Hecould15yoursoulwiththetones.Heseemedtoshinewhenhewasplaying.Youcouldseehis16inhisabilitytoplaysowellforhisfamily.Oneday，hewasinvolvedinan17.Onthisparticularday，Dadgotthefirstfingerofhislefthand18bythemachine.Thedoctorwhooperatedonthefingercouldnot19it，whichdidaffecthis20toplaythemandolin.Aftertheaccident，Dadfeltthathecouldnotplay21.WhenIcamehomeandaskedhimtoplay，hewouldmake22forwhyhecouldn’tplay.InAugustof1993myfatherwasdiagnosedwith23lungcancer.Aboutaweekbeforehisdeath，weaskedDadifhewouldplaythemandolinforus.Hesaid“24”．Heknewitwouldprobablybethelasttimehecouldplayforus.WhenIlookedaround，therewasnota25eyeinthefamily.Wesawbeforeusaquietmanwithaninner26.Dadwasalwaysdoingsomethinghehaddoneallhislife，27.语篇解读在作者的记忆当中，父亲常常在家人面前弹奏曼陀林，然而由于一场事故，父亲的一根手指损坏，之后父亲再也不愿意弹奏曼陀林。直至他因癌症去世前的一周，父亲为家人最后弹奏了一次曼陀林。8．A.recognize B．appreciateC．read D．write答案C解析根据下文“但是父亲在听过几遍之后就会演奏”，可知父亲不会读(read)乐谱。故选C。9．A.study B．playC．make D．observe答案B解析弹奏乐器用play。故选B。10．A.abandon B．discussC．advocate D．regret答案D解析作者从来没有学过弹奏曼陀林，这也是他后悔至今的事。regret后悔。故选D。11．A.family B．colleaguesC．audience D．friends答案A解析由下文中的“hisabilitytoplaysowellforhisfamily”可知父亲喜欢为他的家人(family)演奏曼陀林。故选A。12．A.wastin