重庆市二0三中学校2023-2024学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题【含答案】

高三9月测试英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atahospital.C.Inanoffice.2.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Schoolmates.C.Co-workers.3.Whatdothespeakersplantodonext?A.Takeaclass.B.Dosomeexercise.C.Haveadrink.4.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Topersuadehim.B.Tothankhim.C.Toencouragehim.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Afamouscook.B.Anaturaldiet.C.Avitaminpill.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdidtheman’sparentsreacttohisdrawingintheworkbooks?A.Worriedly.B.Favorably.C.Angrily.7.Whatdidthemandoforthecafé?A.Hedecorateditsdiningroomwithhisdrawings.B.Heraisedmoneybysellinghisdrawings.C.Hesenthisdrawingstocustomers.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhyisthemanusingtheWeb?A.Towriteaschoolreport.B.Tomakeatravelplan.C.Topreparealesson.9.Whatcanthemanknowaboutthetreefromthearticle?A.Itsheight.B.Itslocation.C.Itsage.10.Wheredidthemanseecoastredwoodtrees?A.Fromafilm.B.Fromabook.C.Fromablog.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whicheventisthemantakingpartin?A.Amarathon.B.Abikeride.C.ATVprogram.12.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodofirst?A.Buildawebsite.B.Designaposter.C.Putupanotice.13.Whydoesthemanraisemoney?A.Tohousethehomeless.B.Tosupportcancerresearch.C.Tohelpheartdiseasepatients.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whoisthewoman?A.Afitnesstrainer.B.Alifecoach.C.Aprivatetutor.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheman’sfitnessplan?A.It’sunimportant.B.It’sunnecessary.C.It’sunclear.16.Whatdoestheletter“M”remindpeopletodo?A.Keeptrackoftheprogress.B.Setgoalsthatmattertoyou.C.Breakgoalsintodoablesteps.17.Whatdoestheletter“T”standfor?A.“Technique”.B.“Target”.C.“Time”.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhydoesIsabellewanttobuyagiftforhermother?A.It’sWomen’sDay.B.It’sMother’sDay.C.It’sherbirthday.19.WhatdoesthespeakersuggestCharlottedo?A.Askherfriendoutforameal.B.Buyherfriendsomemake-up.C.Takeherfriendtoarecordingstudio.20.Whatwillthespeakerdonext?A.Recommendapresent.B.Answeracall.C.Introduceafestival.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15个小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5)AWelcometoBiscayneNationalParkBiscayneisnotveryfarfromthelightsandexcitementofdowntownMiami.Butithasaverydifferentatmospherefromthebigcity.Establishedasanationalmonumentin1968,BiscayneNationalParkincludesthenorthernpartoftheworld-famousFloridaKeyswhicharelow-lyingislandsorreefs.BiscayneNationalParkIfyouenjoywater,Biscayneistheparkforyou.Youwillfindthethreatenedhuge,gentleWestIndianmanatee,thelessgentleAmericancrocodile,severalkindsofseaturtlesandover500speciesoffish.Fourecosystemscometogetherhere,whichiswhatmakestheparksodiverse.Theblendingecosystemscreate”edgecommunities.“HumanhistoryHumanhistoryatBiscaynebeginsmorethan10,000yearsago.Scientistssayevidenceofthearea’searliestpeopleismostlyunderwaternowandlearnaboutthesepeoplebyexaminingthehillsofshellstheyleftbehind.Asthepopulationgrew,itdividedintoseparatecultures.Thegroupsbeganmakingpotteryandcreatedtradenetworks.TheseNativeAmericansarecalledtheTequesta.TheTequestadependedontherichfoodsourceoftheseatosurvive.Theywerenotcenteredonfarmingandhadmoretimethanothernativesforartandreligion.Thereefsandroughwatersmadeitdifficultforearlyexplorersresultinginmorethan50shipwrecks.Scubadiverstodaycanexploresixofthem.ExploringtheparkManyvisitorstoBiscayneNationalParkchoosetoexploreunderwater.Guidesleadsnorkelingandscubadivingtrips.AtBocaChitaKey,visitorscanexplorealighthouse,asymbolofBiscayneNationalParkbuiltinthe1930s.ButvisitorstoBiscayneNationalParkprobablyarenottheretoseeskyscrapersandcitylights.ThebeautyinBiscayneisquietwaters,rustlingmangroves.1.WhatisthefeatureoftheecosystemintheBiscayneNationalPark?A.Thedifferentspeciesoftheanimals. B.Themixedbiologicalcommunities.C.Thelow-lyingislandsorreefs. D.Theclearandwarmwaters.2.Whatcanweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Humanhistorydatesbacktomorethan50,000yearsago.B.TheNativeAmericanspreferfarmingtofishing.C.Biscayneisaparadiseforthewatersportsenthusiasts.D.Scubadiverstodayaretoseeskyscrapersandcitylights.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Apersonaldiary. B.geographytextbook. C.AAtravelmagazine. D.Abookreview.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了比斯坎国家公园的一些游玩项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Fourecosystemscometogetherhere,whichiswhatmakestheparksodiverse.(四个生态系统在这里结合在一起，这使得公园如此多样化)”可知，比斯坎国家公园的生态系统的特点是混合生物群落。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ManyvisitorstoBiscayneNationalParkchoosetoexploreunderwater.Guidesleadsnorkelingandscubadivingtrips.(许多来比斯坎国家公园的游客选择在水下探险。导游带领浮潜和水肺潜水之旅)”可知，比斯坎湾是水上运动爱好者的天堂。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据标题“WelcometoBiscayneNationalPark(欢迎来到比斯坎国家公园)”结合文章主要介绍了比斯坎国家公园的一些游玩项目。可推知，文章选自一本旅游杂志。故选C。BAone-roomstudioatopawoodedhillonthesouthwestcoastofVancouverIslandiswherethemagichappensformasterluthier(拨弦乐器制作者)ReubenForsland.He’sastoryteller,onlythestorieshetellsaren’tmadeofwords;they’refashionedofwoodandmetal.Forslandspendshistimebuildingcustomguitars-andthestoriesbehindtheinstrumentsarejustasimportanttohimasthesuperbqualityandsoundofhiscreations.BornandraisedincentralAlberta,Forslandhasspentmostofhislifebuildingthings,rangingfromcustomfurnitureandhousestoskateboardsandsurfboards.Hebecameaprofessionalluthierin2014.ThequalityofForsland’sJOIGuitarshasattractedinterestfromprofessionalmusicians,likeGunsN’RosesguitaristSlash,whohiredhimtomakeaguitar.EverycustomguitarReubenForslandmakesbeginswithconversationsandconnections.“Thefocusistocreateaguitarthatinspirestheplayertomakeanemotionalandspiritualconnection,”saidForsland.ForSlash’sguitar,Forslandwenttogreatlengthstofindasourceofinspiration.OncehefoundoutJimiHendrixwasoneofSlash’sheroes,ForslandspentsixmonthstrackingdownPeteSikov,theowneroftheSeattlehouseHendrixgrewupin.“IaskedPeteifhewasopentotheconceptofusingsomeofthewoodfromthehouseforSlash’sguitar,andhewasgoodwiththat,”saidForsland,whohassincecompletedfourguitarsusingsomeofthatwood.Forsland’sfocusthesedaysisonmakingtheworld’sfirsttraditionallybuiltguitarfromhempwood(麻木),awoodmaterialmadefromhempfibres.“ItabsorbsfourtimesmoreCO2initslifetimethanthesameareaasaforest,”Forslandsaid.Hesupportsenvironmentalsustainabilitywiththesamepassionhebringstomakingguitars.That’swhyhechoseEarthDayastheperfecttimetolaunchhishempwoodguitarofficially.“Althoughthisguitarcan’tsavetheenvironment,it’sapieceoftheconversationaboutwhatcanbecreatedwithasustainableproductintoday’smarketplace.”4.WhichwordcanbestdescribeForslandaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Ambitious. B.Handy. C.Optimistic. D.Sporty.5.WhatdidForslandbuildSlash’sguitaroutof?A.WoodprovidedbyGunsN’Roses. B.WoodfromJimiHendrix’schildhoodhome.C.WoodfromSlash’sSeattlehouse. D.HempwooddonatedbyPeteSikov.6.WhatdoweknowaboutForsland’smostrecentcreation?A.Itismadefromasustainablematerial. B.Itisaninstanthitinthemarketplace.C.ItisusedtocelebrateEarthDay. D.Itisthefirst-evertraditionallybuiltguitar.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PayavisittoJOIGuitars B.Meettheworld’sbestluthierC.Customguitarssetthetrendsformusicians D.Eachguitartheluthiermakestellsastory【答案】4.B5.B6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了制琴师大师ReubenForsland制作吉他的灵感来源以及他最新的作品。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“BornandraisedincentralAlberta,Forslandhasspentmostofhislifebuildingthings,rangingfromcustomfurnitureandhousestoskateboardsandsurfboards.Hebecameaprofessionalluthierin2014.ThequalityofForsland’sJOIGuitarshasattractedinterestfromprofessionalmusicians,likeGunsN’RosesguitaristSlash,whohiredhimtomakeaguitar.(在阿尔伯塔省中部出生和长大的Forsland一生中大部分时间都在建造东西，从定制家具和房屋到滑板和冲浪板。2014年成为专业制琴师。Forsland的JOIGuitars的质量吸引了专业音乐家的兴趣，比如枪炮玫瑰乐队的吉他手Slash，他聘请他制作吉他)”可推知，Forsland会制作各种东西，手巧。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“OncehefoundoutJimiHendrixwasoneofSlash’sheroes,ForslandspentsixmonthstrackingdownPeteSikov,theowneroftheSeattlehouseHendrixgrewupin.“IaskedPeteifhewasopentotheconceptofusingsomeofthewoodfromthehouseforSlash’sguitar,andhewasgoodwiththat,”saidForsland,whohassincecompletedfourguitarsusingsomeofthatwood.(当他发现吉米·亨德里克斯是Slash的偶像之一时，福斯兰花了六个月的时间寻找亨德里克斯在西雅图长大的房子的主人皮特·西科夫。“我问皮特，他是否愿意使用一些房子里的木材来制作Slash的吉他，他对此很满意，”Forsland说，他已经用这些木材完成了四把吉他)”可知，Forsland用吉米·亨德里克斯小时候家里的木头做了Slash的吉他。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““ItabsorbsfourtimesmoreCO2initslifetimethanthesameareaasaforest,”Forslandsaid.Hesupportsenvironmentalsustainabilitywiththesamepassionhebringstomakingguitars.That’swhyhechoseEarthDayastheperfecttimetolaunchhishempwoodguitarofficially.“Althoughthisguitarcan’tsavetheenvironment,it’sapieceoftheconversationaboutwhatcanbecreatedwithasustainableproductintoday’smarketplace.”(“它在其生命周期中吸收的二氧化碳是同面积森林的四倍，”Forsland说。他对环境可持续发展的支持与他制作吉他的热情是一样的。这就是为什么他选择地球日作为正式推出他的大麻木吉他的最佳时机。“虽然这把吉他不能拯救环境，但在当今的市场上，它是关于可持续产品可以创造什么的对话的一部分。”)”可知，Forsland的最新作品是由可持续材料制成的。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“He’sastoryteller,onlythestorieshetellsaren’tmadeofwords;they’refashionedofwoodandmetal.Forslandspendshistimebuildingcustomguitars-andthestoriesbehindtheinstrumentsarejustasimportanttohimasthesuperbqualityandsoundofhiscreations.(他是一个讲故事的人，只是他讲的故事不是由文字构成的;它们是由木头和金属制成的。Forsland花时间制作定制吉他，对他来说，乐器背后的故事和他创作的卓越品质和声音一样重要)”结合文章主要介绍了制琴师大师ReubenForsland制作吉他的灵感来源以及他最新的作品。由此可知，D选项“琴师制作的每把吉他都讲述了一个故事”最符合文章标题。故选D。CCouldanewtreatmentdevelopedbytheUScompanyLillymean“thebeginningoftheend”ofAlzheimer’s(阿尔兹海默症)?Couldweevencureitsomeday?Theseareheadlinesandquestionsswirling(流传)aroundafternewsofanewdrug,calleddonanemab,showedpromisingresultsinphase-3trials.ThebrainsciencebehindAlzheimer’siscomplex,butCTandMRIscanssuggestthatpoisonouschangesoccurinthebrain,includingtheabnormalbuildupofproteinscalledamyloidplaquesandtautangles.Thedamagestartsinthepartsofthebrainessentialforformingmemoriesbutthenspreadsthroughouttheorgan,withbraintissueshrinkingsignificantly.DevelopingtreatmentsforAlzheimer’shasbeenachallenge,withalmost20yearspassingwithnonewdrugs.Butinthelastyear,twonewoneshaveemerged:donanemabandlecanemab.Neitherarecuresormagicbulletsforthedisease,buttheydoaddresskeysymptoms.Theytargettheamyloidproteinsthatcanaccumulateinthebrainanddamageneurons,slowingdownitsprogression.Whilethisnewsisexciting,therearemajorcaveats.OneiswhetheritwilleverbecomeavailableontheNHS.Thecostisestimatedtobeabout£20,000perpersonperyearoftreatment.Anotheristheseriousside-effects:inthestudy,brainswellingoccurredin24%ofparticipantsandbrainbleedingoccurredin31.4%onthedrugcomparedwith13.6%intheplacebo(安慰剂)group.Therewerealsothreedeathsduringthetrial.Partoftheproblemforme,asanacademic,inassessingthedrugisthatthefullresultsofthetrialhaven’tyetbeensharedpubliclyorpublishedinapeer-reviewjournal.Wecannotaccessthefulldataorexaminethetrialyet,andthereisalwaysamotivationforprivatecompaniestooverstatetheeffectivenessofnewdrugs.Trialresultsneedtobeassessedbyanindependentbodyofexperts.Whileitisunlikelytochangeclinicalpracticeuntilatleast2025,thenewsofdonanemabisagainanindicationthatscienceiscontinuingtomakeprogresswhenitcomestotreatingthemajorcausesofillnessanddeath,evenonerelatedtothehighlycomplexinnerworkingsofthebrain.So,therearecaveatsandtheneedforcaution,butthesenewdrugsareindeedthegroundsforthatrarethingthesedays:hope.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutAlzheimerfromthepassage?A.Itiscausedbytheaccumulationofsomeproteinsinthebrain.B.MostpeoplewilldevelopAlzheimerwhentheyareold.C.Thereexistsanewdrugtocureitcompletely.D.Itresultsfromthelossofmemoriesaspeoplegetolder.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“caveats”meaninparagraph4?A.Weaknesses. B.Discussions. C.Debates. D.Warnings.10.Whatistheproblemofthenewdrugaccordingtotheauthorasanacademic?A.Theeffectivenessmaybeblownupwithoutfairassessment.B.Ithastheseriousside-effectssuchasbrainbleedinganddeaths.C.Thecostofthenewdrugisoutofreachforordinarypeople.D.ThereisnopossibilityfornewdrugstobeadmittedintotheNHS.11Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewdrug?A.Approving. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Indifferent.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症的新药，文章介绍了阿尔茨海默氏症产生的原因以及这种新药存在的一些问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThebrainsciencebehindAlzheimer’siscomplex,butCTandMRIscanssuggestthatpoisonouschangesoccurinthebrain,includingtheabnormalbuildupofproteinscalledamyloidplaquesandtautangles.(阿尔茨海默氏症背后的脑科学是复杂的，但CT和MRI扫描表明，大脑中发生了有毒的变化，包括淀粉样斑块和陶蛋白缠结的异常积聚)”可知，阿尔兹海默症是由大脑中某些蛋白质的积累引起的。故选A。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“OneiswhetheritwilleverbecomeavailableontheNHS.Thecostisestimatedtobeabout£20,000perpersonperyearoftreatment.(一个是它是否会在国民医疗服务体系中普及。据估计，每人每年的治疗费用约为2万英镑)”可知，针对这种新药存在一些警告，一个是它是否会在国民医疗服务体系中普及。据估计，每人每年的治疗费用约为2万英镑。故划线词意思是“警告”。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Partoftheproblemforme,asanacademic,inassessingthedrugisthatthefullresultsofthetrialhaven’tyetbeensharedpubliclyorpublishedinapeer-reviewjournal.Wecannotaccessthefulldataorexaminethetrialyet,andthereisalwaysamotivationforprivatecompaniestooverstatetheeffectivenessofnewdrugs.Trialresultsneedtobeassessedbyanindependentbodyofexperts.(作为一名学者，我在评估这种药物时遇到的部分问题是，试验的全部结果尚未公开分享，也没有在同行评议期刊上发表。我们还无法获得完整的数据或检查试验，而且私营公司总是有夸大新药有效性的动机。试验结果需要由一个独立的专家机构进行评估)”可知，作为一名学者，作者认为新药的问题是如果没有公平的评估，效果可能会被夸大。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Partoftheproblemforme,asanacademic,inassessingthedrugisthatthefullresultsofthetrialhaven’tyetbeensharedpubliclyorpublishedinapeer-reviewjournal.Wecannotaccessthefulldataorexaminethetrialyet,andthereisalwaysamotivationforprivatecompaniestooverstatetheeffectivenessofnewdrugs.Trialresultsneedtobeassessedbyanindependentbodyofexperts.(作为一名学者，我在评估这种药物时遇到的部分问题是，试验的全部结果尚未公开分享，也没有在同行评议期刊上发表。我们还无法获得完整的数据或检查试验，而且私营公司总是有夸大新药有效性的动机。试验结果需要由一个独立的专家机构进行评估)”可推知，作者对新药是怀疑态度。故选B。DNuclearbombs.That’sthego-toanswerforincomingspaceobjectslikeasteroids(小行星)andcometsasfarasHollywoodisconcerned.MovieslikeDeepImpactandArmageddonrelyonnuclearweapons,deliveredbystarslikeBruceWillis,tosavetheworldanddeliverthedrama.Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,ifastronomersspottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmallspacecraft.That’sjustwhatNASAdidonMondayevening,whenaspacecraftheadedstraightintoanasteroidcalledDimorphos,whichisaround7millionmilesawayandposesnothreattoEarth.It’sabout525feetacrossandorbitsanotherlargerasteroid.Inimagesstreamed(传输)asthecrashneared,theegg-shapedasteroidgrewinsizefromalittlespotonscreentohaveitsfullrockysurfacecomequicklyintofocusbeforethesignalwentdeadasthecrafthitrightontarget.Eventshappenedexactlyasengineershadplanned,theysaid,withnothinggoingwrong.“Asfaraswecantell,ourfirstplanetarydefensetestwasasuccess,”saidElenaAdams,themissionsystemsengineer,whoaddedthatscientistslookedonwith“bothterrorandjoy”asthespacecraftneareditsfinaldestination.ThecrashwasthepeakofNASA’sDoubleAsteroidRedirectionTest(DART),a7-yearandmorethan$300millioneffortwhichlaunchedaspacevehicleinNovemberof2021toperformhumanity’sfirst-evertestofplanetarydefensetechnology.Itwillbeabouttwomonths,scientistssaid,beforetheywillbeabletodetermineifthecrashwasenoughtodrivetheasteroidslightlyoffcourse,probablyshorteningitsoriginalorbit.NASAplanstolaunchanasteroid-huntingspacetelescopenamedNEOSurveyorin2026.“We’vetrackedlotsofspacerocks,especiallythelargeronesthatcouldcauseextinction-levelevents.Thankfully,nonecurrentlythreatenEarth.ButmanyasteroidsthesizeofDimorphoshaven’tyetbeendiscovered,andthosecouldpotentiallytakeoutacityiftheycamecrashingdown,”explainsLindleyJohnson,NASA’sPlanetaryDefenseOfficer.12.Whydoestheauthormentionthemovies?A.Tomakeaprediction. B.Toprovideapossibility.C.Tointroducethetopic. D.Tomakeacomparison.13.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A..Dimorphoscouldcauseextinction-levelevents.B.The7-yearprogramhasdrawnaconclusion.C.NEOSurveyorhastrackedlotsofspacerocks.D.NASApushedDimorphosbycrashing.14.WhichstatementdoesLindleyJohnsonmostpossiblyagreewith?A.LargerasteroidswillnotbeathreattoEarth.B.NASAshouldshouldertheresponsibilityforthecrash.C.NEOSurveyorisexpectedtodiscoverasteroidsthesizeofDimorphos.D.AsteroidslikeDimorphosaremoredestructivethanotherlargerones.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Anintentionalcrashinspace B.AthreattoEarthfromasteroidsC.Thecontributiontospacesafety D.Theimpactofplanetarydefensetechnology【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国宇航局在周一晚上用一驾宇宙飞船冲向一颗名为Dimorphos的小行星，通过撞击来让小行星偏离轨道，以保护地球。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Nuclearbombs.That’sthego-toanswerforincomingspaceobjectslikeasteroids(小行星)andcometsasfarasHollywoodisconcerned.MovieslikeDeepImpactandArmageddonrelyonnuclearweapons,deliveredbystarslikeBruceWillis,tosavetheworldanddeliverthedrama.(核炸弹。这是好莱坞对小行星和彗星等飞来的太空物体的首选答案。像《深度撞击》和《世界末日》这样的电影依靠核武器，由布鲁斯·威利斯等明星来拯救世界，并呈现出戏剧性)”以及第二段“Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,ifastronomersspottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmallspacecraft.(但行星防御专家表示，在现实中，如果天文学家发现了一颗危险的太空岩石，最安全、最好的答案可能是一些更微妙的方法，比如用一艘小型航天器撞击它，让它偏离轨道)”可推知，作者提到电影是为了引入文章话题。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inimagesstreamed(传输)asthecrashneared,theegg-shapedasteroidgrewinsizefromalittlespotonscreentohaveitsfullrockysurfacecomequicklyintofocusbeforethesignalwentdeadasthecrafthitrightontarget.(随着撞击的临近，这颗蛋形小行星从屏幕上的一个小点逐渐变大，直到它的整个岩石表面迅速成为焦点，然后信号就消失了，因为飞船正好击中了目标)”可推知，NASA通过撞击来推动Dimorphos。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“NASAplanstolaunchanasteroid-huntingspacetelescopenamedNEOSurveyorin2026.“We’vetrackedlotsofspacerocks,especiallythelargeronesthatcouldcauseextinction-levelevents.Thankfully,nonecurrentlythreatenEarth.ButmanyasteroidsthesizeofDimorphoshaven’tyetbeendiscovered,andthosecouldpotentiallytakeoutacityiftheycamecrashingdown,”explainsLindleyJohnson,NASA’sPlanetaryDefenseOfficer.(美国宇航局计划在2026年发射一架名为“近地天体勘测者”的小行星探测太空望远镜。“我们已经追踪了很多太空岩石，尤其是那些可能导致灭绝级别事件的较大岩石。值得庆幸的是，目前还没有威胁到地球。但许多像Dimorphos这样大小的小行星还没有被发现，如果它们坠落，它们可能会摧毁一座城市，”美国宇航局行星防御官林德利·约翰逊解释说)”可知，林德利·约翰逊认为近地天体勘测者号有望发现Dimorphos大小的小行星。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据及第二段“Butplanetarydefenseexpertssayinreality,ifastronomersspottedadangerousin-comingspacerock,thesafestandbestanswermightbesomethingmoresubtle,likesimplypushingitoffcoursebycrashingitwithasmallspacecraft.(但行星防御专家表示，在现实中，如果天文学家发现了一颗危险的太空岩石，最安全、最好的答案可能是一些更微妙的方法，比如用一艘小型航天器撞击它，让它偏离轨道)”结合文章主要说明了美国宇航局在周一晚上用一驾宇宙飞船冲向一颗名为Dimorphos的小行星，通过撞击来让小行星偏离轨道，以保护地球。可知，A选项“故意在太空坠毁”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节共12.5分读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Outdoorplayisbeneficialforchildrenbeyondthephysicalactivityitprovides.Ithelpsthemsocialize,understandtheirbodiesbetter,engageinimaginativeplayandenjoytheoutdoors.____16____However,intoday’sbusyworld,itcanbedifficulttoschedulesomuchoutdoortimewithyourchild.But,itissomethingyoushouldprioritizebecauseitisreallyimportant.First,physicalactivityimprovesthehealthofyourchild.Itreducesthelikelihoodofobesity(肥胖)andweight-relatedhealthconcerns．____17____Outdoorplayalsoimprovesmentalhealthasaresultofphysicalactivity.____18____Schedulingtimetoactivelyplayoutdoorssetsanaturallimitontheamountoftimeyourchildcanspendwithadevice(suchasTV,smartphoneorvideogame).Itpromotesactiveengagementwiththeirpeers(同龄人)andthenaturalenvironment.Furthermore,outdoorplaycanimprovesleep,moodandsocialskills.Physicalactivityduringthedayhelpschildrensleepbetteratnight.____19____Perhapsthegreatesthealthbenefitisinachild’sabilitytolearnhowtoengagewithotherswhilehavingfun.Ithelpsthemgrowsocially,buildrelationshipsandsolveproblems.Knowingwhyoutsideplayisimportanttoyourchild’sdevelopmentisthefirststep.___20___Tofindideasforplacesyoucouldgoandactivitiesyoumaywanttotrywithyourfamily,visityourlocalparksandrecreationwebsiteorthevisitorcentersoftownsandcitiesnearwhereyoulive.Lookforthingslikepublicparks,zoos,botanicalgardensandwildlifecenters.A.Besides,itisabreakfromdevices.B.Next,outdoorplayencouragesadigitallifestyle.C.Thesearebecomingbiggerissuesforfamiliestoday.D.Knowingwheretogoisanotherstepintherightdirection.E.Itcanincreaseconcentrationandimprovemoodthenextday.F.Thebenefitsofoutdoorplaycanevenextendtosocialawareness.G.School-agedchildrenneedaboutthreehoursofoutdoorplayeachday.【答案】16.G17.C18.A19.E20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了户外活动对孩子的重要性以及好处。【16题详解】根据上文“Outdoorplayisbeneficialforchildrenbeyondthephysicalactivityitprovides.Ithelpsthemsocialize,understandtheirbodiesbetter,engageinimaginativeplayandenjoytheoutdoors.(户外游戏除了提供体力活动外，还对孩子有益。它有助于他们社交，更好地了解自己的身体，参与富有想象力的游戏，享受户外活动)”以及后文“However,intoday’sbusyworld,itcanbedifficulttoschedulesomuchoutdoortimewithyourchild.(然而，在当今繁忙的世界，很难安排这么多的户外时间和你的孩子在一起)”可知，上文提到了户外活动的好处，后文与本句构成转折关系，本句是在指出儿童需要的户外时间，后文则提到了时间难以安排。故G选项“学龄儿童每天需要大约三个小时的户外玩耍”符合语境，故选G。17题详解】根据上文“First,physicalactivityimprovesthehealthofyourchild.Itreducesthelikelihoodofobesity(肥胖)andweight-relatedhealthconcerns．(首先，体育活动可以改善孩子的健康。它降低了肥胖和体重相关健康问题的可能性)”可知，本句总结上文提到了肥胖和体重相关健康问题，故C选项“这些正在成为当今家庭面临的更大问题”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据后文“Schedulingtimetoactivelyplayoutdoorssetsanaturallimitontheamountoftimeyourchildcanspendwithadevice(suchasTV,smartphoneorvideogame).Itpromotesactiveengagementwiththeirpeers(同龄人)andthenaturalenvironment.(安排时间在户外积极玩耍会对孩子使用设备（如电视、智能手机或视频游戏）的时间设置自然限制。这促进了与同龄人和自然环境的积极接触。)”可知，户外活动有助于孩子远离电子设备，故A选项“此外，这是远离电子设备的一段时间”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“Furthermore,outdoorplaycanimprovesleep,moodandsocialskills.Physicalactivityduringthedayhelpschildrensleepbetteratnight.(此外，户外玩耍可以改善睡眠、情绪和社交技能。白天的体育锻炼有助于孩子们晚上睡得更好)”可知，上文提到了户外玩耍可以改善睡眠、情绪，E选项中mood对应上文mood。故E选项“它可以提高注意力，改善第二天的情绪”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】根据上文“Knowingwhyoutsideplayisimportanttoyourchild’sdevelopmentisthefirststep.(了解为什么户外游戏对孩子的发展很重要是第一步)”可知，上文提到了了解户外游戏的重要性是第一步，可知本句是在说明接下来重要的是方向，故D选项“知道往哪里走是朝着正确方向迈出的又一步”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)EveryyearI’dreadover2,000collegeapplicationsfromstudentsallovertheworld.Itisquite____21____tochoosewhomtoadmit.____22____,inthechaosofSATscoresandrecommendations,one____23____isalwaysirresistibleinacandidate：kindness.Themostsurprising____24____ofkindnessI’veever____25____camefromastudentwhohadexcellentscoresandasupportiverecommendationfromhiscollegecounselor(顾问).Evenwiththesequalifications,hemightnothave____26____.Butoneletterofrecommendationcaughtmyeye.Itwasfromaschoolsecurity____27____.Lettersofrecommendationaretypicallywrittenbypeoplelikeformerpresidents,celebrities,andOlympicathletes.Thesecurityguardwrotethathesupportedthisstudent’sadmissionbecauseofhis____28____.Thisyoungmanwastheonlypersonintheschoolwhoknewthenamesofeverymemberoftheguardstaff.Heturnedofflightsinemptyrooms,consistently____29____thehallwaymonitoreachmorningandtidieduptheclassroomafterhispeersleftschool____30____nobodywaswatching.Thisstudent,thesecurityguardwrote,hada(n)____31____respectforeverypersonattheschool,regardlessofposition,popularityorpower.Itgaveusa____32____ontoastudent’slifeinthemomentswhennothing“counted”.Thatstudentwasadmittedbyunanimous(一致的)voteoftheadmissionscommittee.Nextyeartheremightbeafloodofsecurityguardrecommendations____33____thisessay.Butifitmeansstudentswillstartpayingasmuch____34____tothepeoplewhocleantheirclassroomsastheydototheirprincipalsandteachers,I’mhappytohelpstartthat____35____.21.A.decent B.difficult C.delicate D.desperate22.A.However B.Otherwise C.Besides D.Therefore23.A.ability B.quality C.limitation D.assumption24.A.signal B.image C.appearance D.indication25.A.comeout B.pickup C.comeacross D.bringup26.A.stoodup B.stoodout C.givenup D.givenout27A.guard B.teacher C.principal D.counselor28.A.wisdom B.bravery C.encouragement D.consideration29.A.bothered B.answered C.visited D.thanked30.A.asif B.nowthat C.evenif D.inorderthat31A.demanding B.amusing C.refreshing D.puzzling32.A.passion B.trouble C.method D.window33.A.dueto B.inneedof C.exceptfor D.alongwith34A.money B.notice C.attention D.curiosity35.A.policy B.trend C.arrangement D.career【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.D30.C31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这