中外文化比较专题智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年

中外文化比较专题智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年中外文化比较专题Inuncertaintyavoidancesociety,()

A:PeoplehaveahighdegreeofdemocraticneedforsecurityB:CompaniesencourageemployeestobecreativeC:PeoplebelieveinabsoluteloyaltyandexpertiseD:Corporateactivitiesarestronglystructuredandtherearemanywrittenregulations答案:CompaniesencourageemployeestobecreativeLongtermorientationstandsforthefosterinasocietyofpragmaticvirtuesorientedtofuturerewards.()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确Alegalprecedentinonedistrictcourtisnotbindinginanothercourt.()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确Accordingtosurveyin2002,theimageoflawyersintheUSisnotquitepositive.()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确WesternmedicineisaNaturalScience.()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确TheaverageincomeoflawyersinBeijingisabouttwiceasmuchasthatofalloccupationsin2019.()

A:正确B:错误答案:正确Comparedwithwesternmedicine,traditionalChinesemedicinepaysmoreattentiontothepreventionofdisease.（

）

A:错误B:正确答案:正确Ajudgeisachiefinvestigatorbothincivillawcourtandcommonlawcourttrials.()

A:错误B:正确答案:错Syndromedifferentiationandtreatment(辩证论治)isoneoftheoreticalcharacteristicsofTCM.()

A:正确B:错误答案:正确IndividualismvscollectivismistheculturaldimensionthatcanbemeaningfullyusedtodistinguishAmericanculturefromChineseculture.()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确InTCM,peoplebelieve“Seeingisbelieving”,andthatexperimentisbetterthanexperience.()

A:错误B:正确答案:错误Inwesternmedicine,peopleordoctorspaymuchattentiontothemicroandisolatedelements.()

A:正确B:错误答案:正确Inancienttimes,itwasmainlythroughthepulsediagnosisofTCMtoseewhetherafemaleispregnantornot..()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确Inthehighpowerdistancesocieties,theyhavespontaneousinnovations.()

A:错误B:正确答案:错误Cultureisaverylargeandevasiveconceptandthatthereisnotoneaspectofhumanlifethatisnottouchedandalteredbyculture.(）

A:正确B:错误答案:正确Interculturalcommunicationjustreferstothecommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcountries,likeonebetweenaChineseandanAmericanperson.()

A:错误B:正确答案:错误Thehighertheindividualismvscollectivismscore,themoreinclineditistocollectivism.()

A:错B:对答案:错“Fiveprinciplesofpeacefulcoexistence“isthefoundationofChina’sforeignpolicy.()

A:正确B:错误答案:正确Infemininesocieties,workisanacceptableexcusetoneglectsthefamily.()

A:正确B:错误答案:错误LawyersinEnglandareeithersolicitorsorbarristers.（

）

A:正确B:错误答案:正确BookofPunishment(Xingshu)isthefirstwrittenlawinChinesehistory.()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确Askingandcomparingeachother’sageonsomeinformaloccasionsisstillacceptableinChinanow.（）

A:错误B:正确答案:正确ThedifferentnationalheroesrespectivelypraisedinChinaandAmericaindicatethecontrastiveculturalvaluesinthetwocultures.()

A:正确B:错误答案:正确TraditionalChinesemedicinesuggeststhatdiseasesarecausedbyinharmonybetweenhumanbodyandtheenvironmentortheirdisequilibriumbetweeninternalorgans.()

A:正确B:错误答案:正确Evennow,collectivismisbelievedtobethecorevalueofChineseculture.()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确MorethanhalfofthepresidentsinthehistoryoftheUShavealaw-relatedbackground.()

A:正确B:错误答案:正确Incollectivisticcultures,individualsarerequiredtobeloyaltothegroupandthegroupisnotsupposedtotakecareoftheindividualmembers.()

A:正确B:错误答案:错误Inindividualisticcultures,peopleemphasizeaweconsciousnessandasenseofbelonging.()

A:错误B:正确答案:错Culturalvalueshelpshapepeople’spersonalities,andeveninfluencethewaypeoplespeak.()

A:正确B:错误答案:正确Precisionmedicine(精准医疗)isamethodofdiseasepreventionandtreatmentthattakesintoaccountthedifferencesofindividualgenes,environmentandlivinghabits.()

A:错误B:正确答案:正确WhichisthecharacteristicofWesternmedicine().

A:evidence-basedreasoning(循证推理)B:personalizeddiagnosisandtreatmentC:empiricalintuition(经验直觉)D:broadbranches答案:AI参考:正确答案是B:personalizeddiagnosisandtreatment。\n\n选项A和D与西方医学的特点无关，选项C是中医的特点。西方医学的特点是针对个体化的诊断和治疗，即根据病人的具体情况制定个性化的治疗方案，因此选项B是正确答案。'（)requirethatindividualsbeloyaltothegroup,andinturn,thegroupistotakecareoftheindividualmembers.Inthesecultures,peopleemphasizeaweconsciousnessandasenseofbelonging.

A:IndividualisticculturesB:Status-orientedculturesC:Person-orientedculturesD:Collectivisticcultures答案:AI参考:正确答案是D：Collectivisticcultures。\n集体主义文化强调的是个体对群体的忠诚，同时群体也照顾个体成员，这种文化中，人们强调一种我们意识及归属感。因此，选项D“集体主义文化”是正确答案。选项A个人主义文化、选项B以地位为导向的文化和选项C以人为导向的文化均与题干中描述的文化特征不符。'（）istheextenttowhichthemembersofacultureofanationalsociety,afeelthreatenedbyambiguousandunknownsituations.

A:IndividualismB:LongtermorientationC:UncertaintyavoidingD:Powerdistance答案:AI参考:C:Uncertaintyavoiding\n\nUncertaintyavoidingreferstotheextenttowhichpeopleinacultureperceiveanddealwithambiguityandunknownsituationsinafearfulornervousmanner.Inotherwords,itreferstotheextenttowhichmembersofaculturalornationalsocietyfeelthreatenedbyambiguousandunknownsituations.答案是C不确定回避，指的是文化或民族社会中的成员以恐惧或紧张的方式感知和处理模糊和未知情况的程度。它衡量的是一个人对模糊和未知情况的处理方式，而不是个人的性格特征。因此，选项C是正确答案。'Commonlawsystemisalsocalled（

）？

A:Anglo-AmericanlawsystemB:continentallawsystemC:RomanlawsystemD:civillawsystem答案:AI参考:正确答案是【A:Anglo-Americanlawsystem】。\n\n普通法系又称英美法系，以英国普通法为基础发展起来的法律的总称，主要包括英国、美国和加拿大等国家的法律。故答案为A。'WhocannotbeconsideredinlegalprofessioninChina?()

A:NotariesB:CityMayorC:ProsecutorD:Lawyers答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:Lawyers。\n律师属于法律职业，而A选项公证人不是法律职业；B选项市长是公务员；C选项检察官是公务员的一种。只有D选项符合。所以选D，中国不认可“notaries”（公证人）、“citymayor”（市长）、“Prosecutor”（检察官），但是认可“lawyers”（律师）的职业地位。\n\n这个问题不用做复杂的背景分析，只要了解每个选项的具体含义就可以轻松选择出正确答案。'WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?()

A:People’sjurorsinChinaserveafive-yeartermwithnoconsecutiveservices(不连任)B:ThecommonlawsystemisalsocalledcaselawsystemorRomanlawsystem.C:providedlegalserviceforpeopleandstartedthecareerof“zhuangshi”inancientChina.D:Theadversarialsystemandtheinquisitorialsystemappliedincourttrialsadoptdifferentapproachesbutpursuethesamepurpose.E:DengXi(770BC-501B答案:AI参考:正确答案是E:DengXi(770BC-501B)。\n这道题考察的是对中国法律制度的了解，其中A、B、C、D选项都是关于中国法律制度的正确描述，而E选项关于DengXi的时间描述有误，所以E选项是唯一不正确的选项。'（）isthewriterofthebookWhenChinaRulesTheWorld:TheRiseOfTheMiddleKingdomAndTheEndOfWesternCivilization(2010).

A:GeertHofstdedB:MarioMontiC:EdwardHallD:MartinJacques答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:MartinJacques。\n\n根据题目中的信息，该书作者是MartinJacques，因此D选项是正确答案。其他选项中，GeertHofstded、MarioMonti和EdwardHall都不是该书的作者。'Whichofthefollowingisnotafruitinabotanical(植物学的)sense?()

A:CabbageB:PumpkinC:TomatoD:Cucumber答案:AI参考:正确答案是A:cabbage。\n\n在植物学的意义上，蔬菜通常不被视为水果，而cabbage（卷心菜）属于蔬菜，因此不是水果。而pumpkin（南瓜）、tomato（西红柿）和cucumber（黄瓜）都是常见的水果。因此，答案是A。'Inthe()societies,bothfatherandmothershoulddealwithfactsandfeeling.

A:FeminineB:uncertaintyavoidingC:uncertaintyacceptingD:masculine答案:AI参考:正确答案是C:uncertaintyaccepting。\n\n在不确定性接受的社会中，父亲和母亲都应该处理事实和情感。选项A和D都与问题无关，选项B与问题相反，因此可以排除。因此，答案为C。'InaclassicalworkofConfucianism，（），thevisionofstategovernanceisadvocated---民为邦本，本固邦宁---peoplearethefoundationofastate,whichcanenjoypeaceonlywhenitsfoundationisfirm.

A:BookofChanges《易经》B:BookofRites《礼记》C:BookofSongs《诗经》D:BookofDocuments《尚书》答案:AI参考:正确答案是B:BookofRites《礼记》。\n\n在儒家经典著作中，民为邦本，本固邦宁是治理国家的理念，强调人民是国家的基础，只有基础稳固才能实现国家的安宁。选项中，《礼记》是最符合描述的书籍。其他选项中的《易经》《诗经》《尚书》虽然在某些方面有重要价值，但并未涉及治国理念的相关内容。因此，正确答案为B：BookofRites《礼记》。'Ina（）society,individualsfrombirthonwardsareconsideredamemberofthegroup.

A:collectivismB:higherpowerdistance.C:individualism.D:lowerpowerdistance.答案:AI参考:正确答案是C:individualism.。\n\n在个人主义社会中，从出生开始就被视为群体成员的个人。因此，选项C“individualism”是正确答案。collectivism（集体主义）强调集体利益高于个人利益，而higherpowerdistance（更高的权力距离）和lowerpowerdistance（较低的权力距离）与个人主义无关。'WhichofthefollowingisNOTgoodforclearingthe“fire”oftheheart？()

A:greenbeansporridge（绿豆粥）B:Bittergourd(苦瓜)C:lotusseedsoup(莲子汤)D:Ginger（生姜）答案:AI参考:选项C:lotusseedsoup(莲子汤)不利于清“心火”。\n\n莲子心是寒性的，具有降火作用，但是主要是针对“肾火”“肝火”，对于“心火”效果一般，所以对于清“心火”最好的食物是苦瓜、绿豆、生姜等。莲子心虽然也有一定的降心火的作用，但是并不适合所有人群，特别是体质偏寒、脾胃虚寒的人群不适合服用。因此，莲子汤并不能很好地清“心火”，所以不是最佳选择。'In（）,individualautonomyisregardedinanextremelyfavorableway.Inthesecultures,individualsareencouragedtobeuniqueandindependentratherthan