语法填空时态语态市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

时态语态第1页时态和语态是高考语法填空中必考点，每年必考。终究考些什么内容？现将考点简述以下：1.时态。时态是英语谓语动词一个形式，表示动作发生时间和所处状态。英语中时态是经过动词形式本身改变来实现。英语中惯用时态有16种，但高考考试说明中要求要掌握有十种：考点解密第2页时态组成(以do为例)主要使用方法普通现在时do/does经常性或习惯性动作，客观事实，现在状态普经过去时did在过去某个时间里所发生动作或存在状态普通未来时will/shalldo在未来某一时刻要发生动作或存在状态过去未来时woulddo在过去某一时刻看来将要发生动作或存在状态现在进行时am/is/aredoing表示现在或现阶段正在发生动作过去进行时was/weredoing表示在过去某一时间内正在进行动作未来进行时will/shallbedoing表示未来某一时间正在进行动作现在完成时have/hasdone表示之前已发生或完成动作或状态，其结果影响现在还存在；也可表示连续到现在动作或状态过去完成时haddone表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成动词，即“过去过去”现在完成进行时have/hasbeendoing表示一个从过去就开始一直延续到现在并有可能继续下去动作第3页注：(1)表示未来还有各种形式，如：“begoingto+动词原形”“beto+动词原形”“beaboutto+动词原形”等。在飞机、火车等时刻表中要求事情，或在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，要用普通现在时表示未来；表示计划好活动，还惯用现在进行时表示。(2)现在进行时与always，continually，constantly等连用，表示说话人某种情感，如赞扬，遗憾，讨厌或不满等。如：Heisalwayshelpingothers.他总是帮助他人。(赞扬)第4页2.语态。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作发出者为主动语态；主语是动作接收者为被动语态。被动语态由“be+过去分词”组成，不一样时态被动语态形式由be来表达，如普通过去时被动语态就是“was/were+过去分词”，普通未来时被动语态就是“willbe+过去分词”。第5页在高考英语语法填空中，普通有一空是考查谓语动词时态，同时有一空是考查非谓语动词，所以，首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；若是谓语动词，一是依据主语与谓语动词关系判断用主动语态还是用被动语态，二是依据详细语境来判断用哪一个时态，进而确定所填动词形式。解题技巧第6页例1：Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheirnaturalcourse.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften40(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.(广东)实例剖析分析：因句中Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelop是动名词短语作主语，括号中result应该为谓语动词；主语与谓语动词是主动关系，再说短语动词resultin本身是不能用于被动语态，故用主动语态；依据语境，这段话是拔苗助长这个成语故事所说明道理，“我们必须让事物沿着它们自然进程发展。太着急帮助一件事物发展，结果往往和我们意图相反（欲速则不达）。”这是客观真理，应该用普通现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填results。第7页例2：Thepoliceman’sattentionwassuddenlycaughtbyasmallboxwhich__________(place)undertheMinister’scar.(广东)分析：替换thebox关系代词which在定语从句中作主语，place应该为谓语动词；因主语which(thebox)与place(放置)是被动关系，故用被动语态；又因place这个动作发生在wascaught这个动作之前，即“过去过去”，用过去完成时被动语态，故填hadbeenplaced。第8页考点击破第9页时态语态一、考点分析谓语动词时态语态在全国卷高考中是每年必考点，我们必须重视。即使考试说明中列了十种时态，但常考只是普通现在时和普通过去时。第10页1.普通现在时。Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften40(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.[解析]句中Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelop是动名词短语作主语，result应是谓语动词，应该考虑是它时态；“急于求成，往往会事与愿违”是客观真理，应该用普通现在时；动名词作主语，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填results。results第11页2.普通过去时。Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman33(present)thewatertotheoldman.[解析]句中theyoungman是主语，其后present应是谓语动词，由语境可知，用普通过去时。presented第12页3.固定句式中时态。IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar31(break)downneararemotevillage.[解析]

在when后面句子中，mycar是主语，break应为谓语动词；由全文可知这是叙述过去经历，用普通过去式；再说was/weredoing…when…did…是一个固定句型，when后面句子谓语用普通过去时，表示“正在做某事，就在这个时候发生了另一事”。broke第13页4.普通过去时被动语态。Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane40(inform).[解析]Jane是主语，其后inform应是谓语动词；因Jane与inform是被动关系，又是普通过去时，故用普通过去时被动语态。wasinformed第14页二、真题演练用所给词适当形式填空。1.…peoplesteppedonyourfeetor34(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.(年广东)1.pushed

与stepped并列，也用普通过去时。pushed第15页2.—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet.Look,there______(come)therestofourguests!2.come。因为以here和there开头引出倒装句通常只用于普通时态，又因为句子主语therestofourguest为复数，故填come。come第16页3.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho______(wear)eveningdress.(全国卷II)3.wears。依据句意，此处谈是普通情况，要用普通现在时；因为oneofthewomen前有only修饰，说明其后定语从句是修饰one，而不是修饰women，所以定语从句中谓语动词要用单数；故填wears。wears第17页4.Everyfewyears,thecoalworkers________(have)theirlungsX-rayedtoensuretheirhealth.(上海卷)4.have。依据句中everyfewyears(每隔几年)可知，动作带有经常性和规律性，故用普通现在时。have第18页5.Thechurchtowerwhich________(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.(上海卷)5.isbeingrestored。依据句中…willbeopentotouristssoon(很快将对游客开放)以及Theworkisalmostfinished(工程差不多快结束了)可知，thechurchtower修复工程还正在进行，故用现在进行时被动语态。isbeingrestored第19页6.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit________(come)onthemarketin1973.(重庆卷)6.came。主句用现在完成时，since引导从句用普通过去时。came第20页7.Whenyouarehome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou____________(arrive)safely.(全国卷I)7.havearrived。依据常识，说话人应该是叫对方“已经”到家后才打电话报平安，故选现在完成时。havearrived第21页8.Uptonow,theprogram________(save)thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.(山东卷)8.hassaved。短语uptonow意思是“到现在为止”，指从过去某时开始连续到现在一段时间，通常与现在完成时连用。hassaved第22页9.Formanyyears,people________(dream)ofelectriccars.However,makingthemhasbeenmoredifficultthanpredicted.(浙江卷)9.havedreamed。依据句意和句中时态hasbeen，以有formanyyears(多年来)可知，要用现在完成时。havedreamed第23页10.一Whenshallwerestartourbusiness?

一Notuntilwe_____________ourplan.(四川卷)10.havefinished。再依据句意和常识可知，人们通常是先制订计划，然后付诸实施，故空格处填现在完成时比较符合句子语境。havefinished第24页11.—I’mnotfinishedwithmydinneryet.—Butourfriends____________(wait)forus.(北京卷)11.arewaiting。对话意思是：“我还有没吃完饭。”“不过我们朋友在等我们了。”arewaiting第25页12.Iwalkedslowlythroughthemarket,wherepeople____________(sell)allkindsoffruitsandvegetables.IstudiedthepricescarefullyandboughtwhatIneeded.(湖南卷)12.wereselling。依据常识，在“我慢慢走过市场时”，在市场那里有各种蔬菜水果在卖，“我”才会“仔细研究其价格”“买下需要东西”。wereselling第26页13.—Wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm?—No,I________(read)thebook,soIalreadyknewthestory.(安徽卷)13.hadread。由语境可知，“看这本书”应该是在“看电影”之前，故用过去完成时。hadread第27页14.IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey________(do)forme.(北京卷)14.haddone。句中do动作应发生took之前，故用过去完成时。haddone第28页15.Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeone_______(do)it.Wasityou?(湖南卷)15.haddone。依据句意可知，“有些人给玫瑰剪枝”发生在“我去给玫瑰剪枝”之前，即“过去过去”，故用过去完成时。haddone第29页16.I’mtiredout.I____________(shop)allafternoonandIdon’tseemtohavefinishedanything.(湖南卷)16.havebeenshopping。因为“很累”是因为“整个下午一直在购物”造成，又由don’tseem可知，现在仍在购物，故用现在完成进行时。havebeenshopping第30页17.IhavetoseethedoctorbecauseI______________(cough)alotlately.(陕西卷)17.havebeencoughing。依据句中“不得不要去看医生”这一信息可知，“咳嗽”这一现象现在还在连续，用现在完成进行时。havebeencoughing第31页18.Thiscoastalarea________(name)anationalwildlifereservelastyear.(湖南卷)18.wasnamed。因为thiscoastalarea与name之间为被动关系，再依据句中lastyear可知，用普通过去时被动语态。wasnamed第32页19.Linda,makesurethetables_______(set)beforetheguestsarrive.(全国卷II)19.areset。因为table(桌子)与set(摆，放置)之间为被动关系，要用被动语态；又因为makesure后接从句通常要用普通现在时表示未来意义，故用普通现在时被动语态。areset第33页20.Thepalacecaughtfiresthreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuilding________(remain)now.(重庆卷)20.remains。意思是说，因为三次失火，原来建筑现在就没有留下来了。remain=beleft被留下来。remains第34页21.You’vefailedtodowhatyou____________(expect)toandI’mafraidtheteacherwillblameyou.(四川卷)21.wereexpected。由expectsbtodosth(期待某人做某事)可知，you与expect为被动关系，要用被动语态；意思是指没有做“过去安排好要做事”，于是担心受处罚，故用普通过去时被动语态。wereexpected第35页22.Thencameanotherrider;theoldman32(catch)hiseyeandsaid,“Sir,wouldyouminddoingmeafavor?”(深圳一模)22.caught。由与之并列谓语动词andsaid可知，catch也用普通过去时。caught第36页23.Peoplesaythatasmilecan39(pass)fromonepersontoanother,butactsofkindnessfromstrangersareevenmoreso.(深圳一模)23.bepassed。因asmile与pass是被动关系，故用被动语态，注意情态动词后用原形。bepassed第37页24.Ithoughtforamoment,35(roll)downthewindow,andgesturedtotheman.(茂名一模)24.rolled。从后文and可知，roll时态应与thought和gestured一致，要用普通过去时。注意，由and连接两个或多个先后发生系列动词时，其时态一致。rolled第38页25.Whenresearch35(assign),theprofessorexpectsthestudenttotakeitactivelyandtocompleteitwithminimumguidance.(三模)25.isassigned。谓语动词，因research(研究工作)与assign(分配)是被动关系，又依据前后时态(如expects)可知，此空应用普通现在时被动语态。isassigned第39页第40页一、单句填空：用所给动词适当形式填空。1.Thehousebelongstomyauntbutshe

____________(notlive)hereanymore.(全国I)2.Thismachine_______________(notwork).Ithasn’tworkedforyears.(浙江)3.Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they________________(increase)theirsalesby20percent.(全国Ⅱ)4.Populationexpertspredictthatmostpeople_____________(live)incitiesinthenearfuture.(上海春)doesn’tlivedoesn’twork

willincreasewilllive第41页5.He__________(play)footballregularlyformanyyearswhenhewasyoung.(天津)6.—HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonforalongtime?—Yes,sinceshe___________theChineseSociety.(宁夏)7.Teenagers____________(damage)theirhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.(重庆)8.IcalledHnnahmanytimesyesterdayevening,butIcouldn’tgetthrough.Herbrother__________(talk)onthephoneallthetime!(湖南)playedjoinedaredamagingwastalking第42页9.Johnpromisedhisdoctorhe_____________(notsmoke),andhehassmokedeversince.(北京)10.Bythistimetomorrow,I_____________(lie)onthebeach11.Sofarthisyearwe___________(see)afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.(福建)wouldnotsmokewillbelyinghaveseen第43页12.Thehotelwasn’tparticularlygood.ButI____________(stay)inmanyworsehotels.(北京)13.Wefirstmetonatrainin.Webothfeltimmediatelythatwe____________(know)eachotherforyears.(辽宁)hadstayedhadknown第44页14.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.—Ithinkso.He_____________________(prepare)foritformonths.(江苏)15.Thetelephone________________(ring),butbythetimeIgotindoors,itstopped.(四川)16.—Didyougototheshowlastnight?

—Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea_______________(invite).(陕西)hasbeenpreparingwasringingwasinvited第45页17.—What’sthatnoise?—Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine_______________(test).(浙江)18.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey___________________(teach)manytimesontheradio.(安徽)isbeingtestedhavebeentaught第46页19.Nodecision_______________(make)aboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeeninterviewed.(北京)20.—Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyou______________(offer)thisjob?—Well,I’mthinkingaboutthesalary….(湖南)willbemadeareoffered第47页二、语篇填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构语法性和上下文连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当词或使用括号中词语正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31～40对应位置上。(以动词时态为主)第48页(1)It

wasgettingdarkwhenIgothome.ItwascoldandI[1]_______________(wear)acoat.Iwalkeduptothedoorandputmyhandintomypocket[2]________(take)outmykey[3]______Icouldn’tfindit.IsuddenlyrememberedthatI

hadleft[4]______onmydeskintheoffice.Itreallydidn’tmake[5]________difference.Iknewmywifewasathomeandthechildrenmusthavecomebackfromschool[6]________now,soIknocked

atthedoor.waswearingtotakebutitanyby第49页Therewasnoanswer,soIknockedagain.I[7]____________(continue)knockingatthedoorforsometime.Iwasgettingangry.ThenIrememberedsomethingtheofficeboyhadtoldmeatnoon.Hesaidthatmywife[8]________(phone)

sayingthatshe[9]_____________(go)shoppingintheafternoonwiththechildren.Therewasonlyonethingforme

todo:Ihadtoclimein[10]___________awindow.continuedhadphonewouldgothrough第50页(2)Whenhewasalittleboy,ChristopherCockerelloncewatchedhismother[1]_______________(turn)the