高中一轮复习英语译林版必修四Unit2高考拆组训练

必修四Unit2高考拆组训练板块练(一)阅读理解组块训练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AWeaskedteachersfromtheBuzzFeedmunitytotellusaboutthekindestthingastudenthaseverdoneforthem.Herearesomeoftheirmostlovelyresponses.“Iwashavingareallybaddayandsawalargegroupofkidssurroundinganothergroup.ExpectingtheworstIwentoveronlytodiscovertheywerealltryingtorearrangeavaseofflowerstheygotme.”—ErrinAnderson“OnestudentIworkedparticularlycloselywithwroteagoodbyecardtomethatsaid,’Youmakemeproudofmyself.’IstilltakeitoutandreaditwhenI’mfeelingdown.”—JenniferGraham,viaFacebook“Onmybirthdaylastyear,mysecond­gradestudentswereactingparticularlyoutofcontrol.Inanattempttoreignthemin,Isaid,’Howcanyouguysbesomeantomeonmybirthday！’Afterschool,Iwascalledtotheoffice.WhenIwalkedin,Isawmyquieteststudentstandingtherewithhismom.Hehadaskedhertotakehimtothestoreimmediatelyafterschoolsohecouldgetmeabirthdaypresent.Itwasanadorablepairofearringsthatlookedlikerulers.Itmademywholedaybetter,andImadeapointtowearthemoftenfortherestoftheyear.”—KatieAnn,viaFacebook“ItaughtinJapanasateachingassistantandthejobwasreallyinterestingbutthehourswerelong,soIdrankcoketokeepmegoing.MystudentsfounditincrediblyfascinatingthatIregularlyhadacanofcokeonmydesk,soformygoingawaypresenttheyboughtagiantthree­litercontainerofcokeandwrotelovelymessageswiththeirsignaturesinJapaneseandEnglishonthelabel.”—EliSullivan语篇解读：文章中出现的是来自BuzzFeed社区的教师们分享的学生们曾为他们做过的最暖心的事。1．WhatwasErrinAndersonunexpected?A．Shegotherfavoritecoke.B．Shegotapairofearrings.C．Shegotflowers.D．Shegotacard.解析：选C细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词ErrinAnderson定位到表格第一栏，根据其中的“...onlytodiscovertheywerealltryingtorearrangeavaseofflowerstheygotme.”可知，令埃林·安德森意想不到的是她收到了学生送的花儿。故选C项。2．WhatwouldJenniferGrahamdowhenshefeelsblue?A．Drinksomecoke. B．Weartheearrings.C．Rearrangeflowers. D．Readthecard.解析：选D细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词JenniferGraham定位到表格第二栏，根据其中的“...IstilltakeitoutandreaditwhenI’mfeelingdown.”可知，当珍妮弗·格雷厄姆心情不好时，她会拿出学生写给她的卡片读一读。3．Whogotabigsurprisefromausuallycalmstudent?A．ErrinAnderson. B．KatieAnn.C．EliSullivan. D．JenniferGraham.解析：选B细节理解题。根据表格第三栏中的“...Isawmyquieteststudentstandingtherewithhismom...Itwasanadorablepairofearrings...”及“Itmademywholedaybetter...”可知，凯蒂·安从平时沉默寡言的学生那里得到了大大的惊喜。B(2018·河南省六校联考)Intheageofthesocialnetwork,there’sdefinitelysuchathingassharingtoomuch；whenitestolosingweight,sharingcouldbekey,though.AnewNorthwesternUniversitystudypublishedintheJournaloftheRoyalSocietyInterfacefoundthatthosewhohadanactivehandinsuchonlinemunitieslostahigherpercentageoftheirbodyweightparedtouserswhoparticipatedsparingly.ScientistsanalyzeddatafrompeoplepayingamembershipfeeonCalorieKing,whichpermitsthemaccesstoweight­losstools(likeafoodjournal)andanonlineclub.Whiletheidentityofeachuserremainedconfidential,theresearchershadaccesstoage,sex,height,initialweightandtime­stampedactivities.Theycouldalsomonitormembers’recordedweigh­ins,friendrequestsandmunityarrangement,thoughtheycouldnotreadanyoftheactualconversationsbetweenusers.Theresearchersdiscoveredthattheuserswhorecordedtheirweightandestablishedcloserelationswithothermembersweremorelikelytoachievetheirgoalsofriddingthemselvesofpounds.Themostactiveuserslostmorethan8percentoftheirbodyweightinasix­monthperiod.Theleastactiveusers,thosewiththefewestonlinefriendsandsocialinteractions,lostaround5percentoftheirbodyweightinthesameperiodoftime.Theresearcherstheorizethatparticipationplaysakeyroleinweightlossbecauseitoffersanalways­accessiblenetworkofsupport.They’realsolookingahead：Thepositiveresultspointtosensibleusesforsocialnetworksinotherareasofhealth.Onlinemunitiesmightbesuccessfulalternativesforminorillnesseslikediscouragementandalcoholism,forwhichin­personmeetingsareoftensuggested.“Modernlifeissoplexandstressful,andtogosomewhereforameetingisoftennotpractical，”LuísA．NunesAmaral,seniorauthorofthestudy,saidinastatement.“Itishopefulthatthisalternativeapproachofgoingonlineforsupportcouldwork.”语篇解读：一份新近发表在《皇家学会界面杂志》的西北大学调查发现，那些积极在网络群体中交友的人远比那些参与较少的人减肥效果显著。该调查的高级研究员也表明这种网上交友促减肥的方法大有希望获得成功。4．Inwhichcolumnofamagazineshouldthetextbeseated?A．Entertainment. B．Fitness.C．Technology. D．Medicine.解析：选B推理判断题。通读全文不难看出文章主题与减肥有关，因此应该属于健康类栏目。故选B项。5．Whowouldlosemoreweightaccordingtothenewstudy?A．Peoplefrequentlymakingonlinefriends.B．NetworkuserssparingtimetosurftheInternet.C．MembersaffordingpaymentsonCalorieKing.D．Fellowsregularlytakingpartinmunityactivities.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...thosewhohadanactivehandinsuchonlinemunitieslostahigherpercentageoftheirbodyweightparedtouserswhoparticipatedsparingly.”可知，那些积极在网络群体中交友的人的减肥效果远比那些参与较少的人的减肥效果显著。故选A项。6．Whatcanwelearnfromthe4thparagraph?A．Scientistsoughttopayfortheonlinedatatheystudy.B．Researcherscanmanagetoknowmoreoftheusersbesidestheirnames.C．People’sactiveonlinemunicationsmatterintheirlosingweight.D．Themostactiveuserslost3%moreoftheirweightthantheleastactiveoneswithinhalfayear.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Themostactiveuserslostmorethan8percentoftheirbodyweight”以及“participationplaysakeyroleinweightloss”可知，网络上的积极交流对减肥很重要。故选C项。7．WhatisAmaral’sattitudetowardonlinemunities?A．Anxious. B．Optimistic.C．Undoubted. D．Impractical.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段中阿马拉尔斯说的话“Itishopefulthatthisalternativeapproachofgoingonlineforsupportcouldwork.”可知，这种网上交友促减肥的方法有希望获得成功，由此可推知他的态度是“乐观的”。故选B项。C(2018·湖南省十三校重点中学联考)Whenpeoplementonthebeautyofacity,besidesreferringtoitsscenicattractions,theytypicallyfocusontwoothermajorelements:thearchitectureandthegenerallayoutofthestreetsandmunicipal(市政的)features.Thelatteraspectisthedirectresultofurbanplanning.ThereisarcheologicalevidenceofurbanplanningstretchingbackthousandsofyearsinancientEgyptandGreece.FromtheGreeks,theRomansadoptedagrid­likedesignfortheircities,towns,andvillages.AstheRomansconquereddifferentareas,thisdesignspreadtovariouspartsoftheworld.Overmillennia,variousurbanplanningconceptshaveevolved,includingtheGardenCitymovement,whichbeganattheveryendofthe19thcenturyintheUnitedKingdom.InitiatedbySirEbenezerHoward,themovementpromotedthedevelopmentofsuburbancities.Ithasbeeninfluentialinvariouscountries,includingtheUnitedStatesandCanada.Oneoftheprogressivecities,whenitestoengineeringitsurbandesign,isParis.InanattempttoprovideabetterqualityoflifeforParisians,ex­presidentNicolasSarkozyproposedadevelopmentprojectcalledTheGrandParis.AmajorponentoftheprojectisthemodernizationofthetransportationnetworkintheregionandthecreationofanautomaticmetrosystemforParis.Inaddition,itadvocatesthedevelopmentofurbanprojectslikehousingandeducationalfacilitiescenteredaroundthetransportationnetwork.Nowadays,thecityisalsoexploringmethodstomeetitsmitmenttolimitingcarbonemissionsasoutlinedintheParisAgreement.AFrencharchitecturalfirmhascarriedoutafascinatingresearchstudycalledParisSmartCity2050,withtheideaofchangingParisusingeighttypesofeco­friendlytowers,alongwithabundantvegetationandparkspace.Onetypeofhigh­rise,multi­usestructureiscalledthehoneybtowers.Theroofsofthetowerswillbecoveredwithsolarpanelsforgeneratingelectricity.Clearly,Parisisamongthemajorcitiesthatareembracingtheconceptofacleaner,morenaturalfuture.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了城市规划的历史及巴黎的城市计划。)8．Whofirstspreadtheideaofurbanplanning?A．TheEgyptians. B．TheRomans.C．TheGreeks. D．TheFrench.解析：选B细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句“AstheRomansconquereddifferentareas,thisdesignspreadtovariouspartsoftheworld”可知，城市规划的理念最初是由罗马人传播开来的。9．WhyisSirEbenezerHowardmentioned?A．HeintroducedtheconceptofurbandesigntoAmerica.B．Headvocatedahealthyrurallifestyle.C．HehelpedimproveEuropeans’life.D．Hestartedanurbanplanningtrend.解析：选D推理判断题。由第二段中的“variousurbanplanningconcepts...InitiatedbySirEbenezerHoward...”可知，在城市发展的历史上SirEbenezerHoward提出的城市规划理念影响也很大。10．WhatisthemostimportantfeatureofTheGrandParis?A．Updatingthetransportationnetwork.B．Reducingcarbonemissions.C．Settingupmoreschools.D．Buildingmorehouses.解析：选A细节理解题。由第三段中的“Amajorponentoftheprojectisthemodernizationofthetransportationnetwork”可知，由法国前总统萨科齐提出的巴黎改造工程的主要部分是对交通运输系统的更新。11．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Thehoneybtowerswillbemainlyusedtogenerateelectricity.B．ParisSmartCity2050hasbeenoutlinedintheParisAgreement.C．TheParisAgreementhasagreatinfluenceallovertheworld.D．ParisSmartCity2050wouldturnParisintoagreencity.解析：选D推理判断题。由最后一段的中的“ParisSmartCity2050,withtheideaofchangingParisusingeighttypesofeco­friendlytowers”以及“Parisisamongthemajorcitiesthatareembracingtheconceptofacleaner,morenaturalfuture”可知，巴黎的2050城市智能化工程旨在将巴黎变成一个绿色环保的城市。D(2018·江西九校联考)WhenAndrewwasborninJiangsu,China,hisfatheropenedPandaInn,asit­downrestaurantitPasadena,California,servingfamilyfoodsfastandhot.Andrew’sfatherhadtaughthimtotakeonanewchallengeonlyaftermasteringthepreviousone.IttooktenyearsbeforeAndrewfelthewasreadytodealwiththeall­Americanchallenge：thefast­foodindustry.ThefirstPandaExpressopenedinaSouthernCaliforniamallin1983.AsPandasbegantoincrease,Peggy,whohasaPhDinelectricalengineering,gaveuphercareertojointhepanyfull­time,firstaspresident,thenasCEO.Today,PeggyandAndrewsharethetitleofchairman.TheyarebigfansofStephenCovey’sThe7HabitsofHighlyEffectivePeople,abooktheyrequirealljobapplicantstoreadbeforetheirinterview.“Successisabyproductofourhabits，”saysAndrew.“We’reveryfocusedonlearninghowtodotherightthingswellandpletelysothatwhatallofusdoactuallymakesanimpact.”Doingtherightthingincludespayingmorethantheminimumwageandpartofhealthcareforall17,300employees,includingpart­timers.Somewarnedthatthiswouldcausefinancialproblems.ButnotforthePandaExpress.“Ifyou’retoofocusedontheresultsandtrytodevelopshortcuts,you’regoingtohavetopayitbacklatersomehow，”Andrewsays.Theytakeseriouslytheconceptthattoleadistoserve.Itmeanshelpingemployeesimprovetheirlivelihoodand,intheprocess,learntoliveafullerlife.Intheend,Andrewsays,“Theyarebetterofffinancially,butthey’realsosmarterbecausethey’recuriousandlearning.Theytakecareofthemselvesphysically,mentally,emotionallyandspiritually.Whenallofusdothesethingswell,there’sabetterchancethatwewilltreatthecustomersbetter.”语篇解读：熊猫快餐自1983年在美国建立第一家店以来，发展迅速，成为美国知名快餐店。那么熊猫快餐的经营理念是什么呢？文章为我们作了详细介绍。12．ThewritermentionsPeggy,whohasaPhD,inordertoshowthatPandaExpress________.A．neededsupportfromAmericansB．wasincreasingveryrapidlyC．neededwiseleadersD．attractedalotoftalentedpeople解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“AsPandasbegantoincrease,Peggy,whohasaPhDinelectricalengineering,gaveuphercareertojointhepanyfull­time...”可知，佩姬作为一名电子工程专业的博士，放弃了自己的事业，加入到这家公司，证明熊猫快餐对高素质人才来说非常有吸引力。故选D项。13．Wemayinferfromthepassagethat________.A．focusondoingtherightthingsandtheresultswilltakecareofthemselvesB．ChinesefoodisbeingmoreandmorepopularinAmericaC．PandaExpresshasnevermetwithfinancialproblemsD．AndrewandPeggyaregoodexamplesofpaniesintheU．S.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Ifyou’retoofocusedontheresultsandtrytodevelopshortcuts,you’regoingtohavetopayitbacklatersomehow”可推知，做事不能太关注结果，如果坚持做正确的事情，结局自然会是理想的。故选A项。14．AndrewandPeggysharethesameideathat________.A．thehabitofreadingStephenCovey’sbookleadstosuccessB．theyfocusontheresultsanddevelopingshortcutsC．agoodleadermustbeagoodservantaswellD．theemployeesshouldhelptheircustomersimprovetheirlivelihood解析：选C推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Theytakeseriouslytheconceptthattoleadistoserve.”及下文的内容可知，他们两个人的共同理念是领导者也是服务者。故选C项。15．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．PandaExpress’ssuccessinfast­foodindustryB．theeffectthatStephen’sbookhasonPandaExpressC．thechallengeofthefast­foodindustryintheU．S.D．PandaExpress’sphilosophyofmanagement解析：选D主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了熊猫快餐的经营理念。故选D项。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Weusuallydon’tmindwhenpeoplecallusbypositivenicknames(绰号).__16__Butwhenpeoplecallusbycruelnicknames,itcanbedifficulttogetthemtostop.Sowhatshouldyoudo?Askyourfriendstogiveitarest.Maybeyoutripped(绊倒)overyourfeetafewtimes,andyourfriendsstartedcallingyouklutz,thinkingthatyoudon’treallymind.__17__Leaveanicknamebehind.Sometimes,lifegivesusachancetostartfresh.__18__Ifyou’removingfromelementaryschooltomiddleschool,letyourfriendsknowthatyoudon’twanttogobyyouroldnickname.Ignorethosewhocallyoubyanickname.Ifthekidscallingyoubyabadnicknamearen’tyourfriends,youshoulddoyourbesttoignorethem.__19__Itmaybehardtopretendthatitdoesn’thurt,butifyougetangryorobviouslyupset,itwilljustencouragethemtousethenicknameallthetime.__20__Rememberthatifyouhaveabadnicknamenow,youprobablywon’talwaysbestuckwithit.JustlookatElvisPresley!Whenhefirststartedsingingonstage,hewiggled(摆动)hishipssomuchthatcruelcriticsandtheaudiencenicknamedhimElvisThePelvis.Heneverstoppedwiggling.PeoplesoonfounditimpossibletoignorehistalentandbegantocallhimTheKingofRock&Roll.A．Ifitdoesbotheryou,tellthem.B．Believethatthingswillchange.C．Ifthekidsrefusetostop,talktoyourteacher.D．Itfeelsgoodwhenthesenicknamesgetrepeated.E．Althoughwordscanbehurtful,theycan’tchangewhoyoureallyare.F．Thechancecanbeagoodtimetogetridofanicknamethatyoudon’tlike.G．Ifyouactliketheyaren’thurtingyou,they’lleventuallygetboredandstop.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何不再让别人叫你的绰号。)16．解析：选D根据该空前的“positivenicknames”及该空后的But可知，此空内容与好听的绰号有关，故“当这些绰号被重复时会感觉很好”正确。17．解析：选A结合“Askyourfriendstogiveitarest”可知，举这个例子是为了说明如果绰号让你感到恼怒的话，要告诉你的朋友。18．解析：选F结合该空前的“Sometimes,lifegivesusachancetostartfresh”及该空后的“从小学到中学”可知，这个机会是你摆脱你不喜欢的绰号的好时机。19．解析：选G根据该空后的内容可知，该空内容与“绰号与伤害”有关，故G项“如果你表现得好像他们不会伤害到你的话，他们最终会感到无聊并不再叫你的绰号”正确。20．解析：选B从该空后的内容可知，举ElvisPresley的例子是为了说明要相信事情将会改变。板块练(二)语言知识运用组块训练——练准度(限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.完形填空(2018·徐州高三质检)MyhusbandandIwereservinginPeaceCorpsinaremotevillageinnorthernThailand.Thereweremany__1__anddifficulties,particularlyaroundourhousing.WemovedintoourhousethisJune.Shortlythereafter,__2__wewereawayatPeaceCorpstraining,theownerrippedoutallthesurroundingbananagrovestoraisethegroundlevel—shehadplannedon__3__ourhouseandbuildinganewoneafterweleft.Shebroughtintonsofdirt.This__4__ourhouseinakindofmoat(壕沟),andwhentheheavyraincame,ourhouse__5__.This,needlesstosay,wasupsetting,butitturnedintoa__6__，becausewhentheprincipalatmyschoolbecame__7__ofit,hegotmyeight­gradeclasstoetohelpcleanup.Theboys__8__intothemoattodrain(排水)thewater,whilethegirlsmoppedupthewater__9__，spreadnewspapersto__10__itandcleanedup.Beforethe__11__wastrulysolved,however,wehadanotherflood.Thisturnedintoaparty,withteachersandstudents__12__helpingcleanup,andourhostmotherbringinglunchforeveryone.Anothertime,myhusbandsuddenlygotvery__13__—arathersmallinfectioninhisleg__14__，andhewasinstateofshock.Itwasgoingtotaketheambulancetwohourstoreachourhouse,butmyco­teacher__15__arrangedforatrucktotakeustomeetit—thistrulysavedhislifebycuttingtwohoursoffthe__16__.Therewerecountlessotherlessdramatic__17__ofcareandgenerosity.Thismunityis__18__tous,andthereisnowaywecanever__19__them.IplantopayitforwardasbestIcan,by__20__lookingforpeopleinneedofsomekindofhelp,rememberinghowkindandpassionatemyThaimunityhasbeen.语篇解读：作者和丈夫曾在泰国北部的一个偏僻的小村庄做志愿者，期间遇到了很多挑战和困难，但好心的学生和同事帮助他们渡过了难关，也使得作者决定将爱心传递下去。1．A.sights B．challengesC．thoughts D．surprises解析：选B根据第二段的描述及空后的difficulties可知，作者和丈夫经历了很多挑战(challenges)。2．A.unless B．beforeC．though D．while解析：选D根据空后的“atPeaceCorpstraining”可知，此时作者和丈夫参加培训，因此是他们不在家的时候，房主为了抬高地基，毁掉了周围的香蕉园。根据语境可知选while，意为“在……期间”。3．A.tearingdown B．sellingoutC．puttingup D．puttingdown解析：选A根据空后的“buildinganewoneafterweleft”可知，房主想新建一处住房，由此可推测，上句应是房主想拆除作者住的房子。teardown意为“推倒；拆毁”，符合语境。故选A项。sellout意为“卖完；售罄”；putup意为“建造；张贴；留某人过夜”；putdown意为“放下；写下”。4．A.forced B．movedC．left D．changed解析：选C句意：房主运来几吨泥土，使我们的房子处在壕沟里。根据语境，设空处表示“使……处于某种状态”，应选C项。leave在此为使役动词。force意为“强迫；迫使”；move意为“移动；搬动”；change意为“改变”。5．A.collapsed B．floatedC．leaned D．flooded解析：选D根据下文的“intothemoattodrainthewater”及“wehadanotherflood”可知，当暴雨来袭时，作者住的房子就被水淹了。此处flood为动词，意为“(被)淹没”，符合语境。collapse意为“倒塌”；float意为“漂浮”；lean意为“倚；靠”。6．A.disaster B．blessingC．misfortune D．success解析：选B根据下文中的“hegotmyeight­gradeclasstoetohelpcleanup”可知，学校的校长知道此事后就让作者教的八年级的学生来帮忙清理。本来房子被淹是件不幸的事，但是得到学生和同事的帮助，这件事反而变成了一件幸事。blessing意为“幸事；幸运”，符合语境。7．A.aware B．afraidC．considerate D．certain解析：选A根据空后的“hegotmyeight­gradeclasstoetohelpcleanup”可知，学校的校长让作者教的八年级的学生来帮忙清理，说明他知道了此事。beawareof意为“知道”；符合语境。故选A项。beafraidof意为“害怕”；considerate意为“体贴的”，常用于Itisconsiderateofsb.todosth.句型；becertainof意为“对……确信”。8．A.broke B．burstC．dug D．divided解析：选C根据空后的“todrainthewater”可知，此处指男生挖开壕沟排水。故选C项。break意为“使破碎”；burst意为“爆发”；divide意为“分成；分割”。9．A.inside B．alongC．around D．outside解析：选A本句中while表对比，男生挖开壕沟排水，与之相对的是女生擦干屋内的水，并铺上报纸以吸干水。故选inside。10．A.maintain B．makeC．dry D．protect解析：选C根据空后的“cleanedup”及常识可知，把报纸铺到地上是为了吸干水。dry在此作动词，意为“使变干；把……擦干”，符合语境。故选C项。maintain意为“保持；维护”，make意为“使；制造”，protect意为“保护”，均不符合语境。11．A.mystery B．conditionC．problem D．puzzle解析：选Cmystery意为“神秘”；condition意为“条件”；problem意为“问题”；puzzle意为“谜”。此处指上文提到的房屋被淹这一问题。故选C项。12．A.again B．stillC．also D．just解析：选A根据上文中的“however,wehadanotherflood”可知，因为又遭遇了一次洪水，所以老师和学生们再次帮助清理。关键词是another，强调“再一次”。故选A项。13．A.grateful B．sickC．curious D．crazy解析：选B根据空后的“rathersmallinfectioninhisleg”和“hewasinstateofshock”可知，作者的丈夫生病(sick)了。故选B项。grateful意为“感激的”；curious意为“好奇的”；crazy意为“疯狂的”。14．A.disappeared B．botheredC．spread D．lasted解析：选C根据空后的“hewasinstateofshock”和“theambulancetwohourstoreach”可知作者丈夫的腿部感染扩散，不得不动用救护车了。故选C项。15．A.immediately B．occasionallyC．carefully D．calmly解析：选A根据空前的“Itwasgoingtotaketheambulancetwohourstoreachourhouse...”及空后的“arrangedforatrucktotakeustomeetit—thistrulysavedhislifebycuttingtwohoursoff...”可知，救护车需要两个小时才能到达，作者的同事立刻安排了一辆卡车送作者的丈夫。immediately意为“立刻；马上”；occasionally意为“偶尔；有时候”；carefully意为“仔细地”；calmly意为“平静地”。根据语境可知选A项。16．A.accident B．jobC．case D．ride解析：选D根据空前的“bycuttingtwohoursoff”可知，相当于车程减少了两个小时。ride在此作名词，指“短途旅程”。17．A.adventures B．achievementsC．instances D．means解析：选C作者在上文讲述了同事和学生们帮助他们清理房屋及同事帮忙送丈夫去医院的故事，这都是关爱和慷慨的例子，而此处指这样的例子还有很多。故选C项，instance意为“例子”。adventure意为“历险”；achievement意为“成就”；means意为“方式；方法”，为单复数同形的名词。18．A.attractive B．fortableC．rare D．precious解析：选D根据上文的“...countlessotherlessdramatic...careandgenerosity.”可知，我们很珍惜这样的社区。attractive意为“吸引人的”；fortable意为“舒服的”；rare意为“稀有的；罕见的”；precious意为“宝贵的；珍贵的”。故选D项。19．A.guard B．repayC．request D．follow解析：选B根据下文中的“IplantopayitforwardasbestIcan...”可知，此处指作者想回报这些曾帮助她的人。guard意为“保卫”；repay意为“报答；偿还”；request意为“请求”；follow意为“跟从”。根据语境可知选B项。20．A.consciously B．suddenlyC．perfectly D．differently解析：选A根据“IplantopayitforwardasbestIcan...”可知，作者想回报，因此，寻找需要帮助的人也就成了有意识所为。consciously意为“有意识地”；suddenly意为“突然地”；perfectly意为“完美地”；differently意为“不同地”。根据语境可知选A项。Ⅱ.语法填空WilhelmRöentgenwas__1__Germanscientist.In1895hewasworkinginhislaboratory__2__hediscoveredX­raysbyaccident.Aweeklater,hetookanX­rayphotographofhiswife’shand.It__3__(clear)showedherweddingringandherbones.HesentareportabouthisworktotheMedicalSocietyofhiscity.Soonafter,newspapersall__4__theworldwroteabouthis__5__(discover),for__6__RöentgenwontheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1901.X­raysarestillabigpartofallourlives.DoctorsanddentistsuseX­rays__7__(look)insidethebody.__8__(use)X­rays,airlineslookinsidebaggageandscientistsstudythestars.HowdidRöentgenchoosethename“X­ray”？Hecalledtheserays“X”raystoshowthiswasanunknowntypeofradiation.Inmathematics,weusuallyusetheletter“x”forquantitieswedon’tknow.ManyofRöentgen’sfriendswantedhimtocall__9__(they)Röentgenrays,buthedidn’t.Thename“X­ray”stayedbutRöentgen’sX­rays__10__(make)ourworldchanged.语篇解读：本文介绍了德国科学家伦琴发现了X射线及X射线对我们生活的影响和X射线名字的由来。1．a考查冠词。此处泛指“一位德国科学家”，应用不定冠词a。2．when考查固定句型。句意：1895年，他正在实验室工作，这时偶然发现了X射线。bedoingsth.when...为固定句型，意为“正在做某事，这时突然……”，符合句意。故填when。3．clearly考查词性转换。句意：照片清晰显示出她的婚戒和骨骼。设空处修饰动词showed，应用副词。故填clearly。4．over考查固定短语。句意：不久，全世界的报纸都报道了他的发现，为此，伦琴于1901年获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。allovertheworld为固定短语，意为“全世界”。故填over。5．discovery考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。设空处作形容词性物主代词his的宾语，应用名词形式。故填discovery。6．which分析句子结构可知，for________引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为discovery，指物，故用关系代词which。7．tolook考查非谓语动词。句意：医生和牙医使用X射线检查身体内部(器官)。根据句意，设空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填tolook。8．Using考查非谓语动词。句意：航空公司运用X射线检查行李，科学家运用X射线研究天体。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作状语，airlines和scientists与use之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填Using。9．them考查代词。句意：伦琴的很多朋友想让他将这些射线命名为伦琴射线，但是他没有。设空处作call的宾语，指代rays，应用宾格形式。故填them。10．made考查动词的时态。句意：X射线的名字保存了下来，但是伦琴的X射线改变了我们的世界。设空处作but后的分句的谓语，且事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填made。板块练(三)写作强化增分练＋单元基础回扣练一、写作强化增分练——练规范(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.短文改错LastMonday,myauntwenttoattendameeting.Afterameeting,myauntwenttoarestaurantforlunch.However,whenitwastimepaythebill,shecouldn’tfindherpurse.Sherememberedshehaditwhensheleavesthehotel.Shethoughtsomeonemusthavestolenherpurse.Justthen,amaninhisearlytwentycameupandpaidthebillforhim.My