2023年高考英语试题及答案湖北卷

2023年高考英语考题·湖北卷第一局部：听力〔30分〕涂到答题卡上。第一节〔51.57.5分〕听下面5A,B,C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有15秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话只读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.＄19.15 B.＄9.15 C.＄9.18What’stheweatherlikeatthemoment?RainyB.SunnyC.CloudyWhat’sthewomen’sroommatelike?She’spatient.She’snice.She’stidy.WhyhasJohnmovedout?Tobenearschool.Toliveinaquietplace.Toavoidthetrouble.What’sthemanproblem?Hecan’tseetheniceclearly.Hehasnoticketforthemovie.He’sparkedinthewrongplace.Whichmusicalinstrumentdoeshave?Drums.Aguitar.Aviolin.其次节〔151.522.5分〕5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个55秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。66、7题。Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?Thewomanhasmissedflight.Theplanewilltakeofftonight.Theairportisclosed.Whatdosethewomenwant?Aroomforherselfalone.Ahotelclosetotheairport.Aroomwithbrightlight.78，9题。Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?Sheisn’tfamiliarwiththeInternet.Shecan’taffordacamera.Shedoesn’tlikeMA-205.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodonext?Reducethebudget.Changethemodel.Orderacamera.81017题。Whatdoesthemanshowthewoman?AmagazineHaircareproducts.Abottleofredwine.Howwillthewoman’shairlook?Long.Short.Shoulder-length.Whydoesn’tthewomanwanttochangethecolorofherhair?Shethinksit’stooexpensive.She’safraiditmightdamageherhair.Shedoesn’tlikethesuggestedcolor.91316题。HowmuchpocketmoneydoesLilygetamonth?About20pounds.About15pounds.About5pounds.WhydoesLilywantmorepocketmoney?Togetasmuchasherfriends.Topayformusiclessons.Tobuysomeclothes.WhencanLilyhavepocketmoney?Whensheprovesgoodatherschoolwork.Whenshenolongerargueswithhermum.Whensheismatureinhermum’seyes.WhatdoesDavidsuggestLilydo?Haveadiscussionwithhermum.Helphermumwithhousework.SitdownandwaitBalmy.1017-20问题：Whereisthespeaker?Onaplane.Inabus.Atatouristsite.Whyisfoodordrinknotallowedonthejourney?Toavoidannoyingothers.Toshowrespectfortheguide.Toguaranteepassengers’safety.Howlongcanthetouristsstayatthefirstdestination?15to30minutes.Aboutanhour.Abouttwohours.Whatisthesecondresonationfamousfor?Stonehenge.TheRiverAvoid.TheRamanBaths.其次局部：词汇学问运用〔40分〕第一节：多项选择〔10110分〕从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Tomakemembersofateamperformbetter,thetrainerfirstofallhastoknowtheir andweaknesses.A.strengthsB.benefitsC.techniquesD.values答案：A“Tommy,run!Bequick!Thehouseisonfire!”themothershouted,with clearlyinhervotes.A.angerB.rudenessC.regretD.panicGivingupmyjobtogobacktofull-timeeducationwassabig ,butnowIknowitwasthebestdecisionIevermade.A.projectB.commitmentC.competitionD.ambitionTheoldengineer’seyesstillshonebrightinthewrinkledbrownfaceandhisstepashecameacrosstheroomwas ,thoughslow.A.shakyB.heavyC.casualD.steadyAnunhappychildhoodmayhavesomenegativeeffectsonaperson’scharacters;however,theyarenotalways .A.practicalB.avoidableC.permanentD.beneficialThestate-runcompanyisrequiredtomakeitsaccountsas aspossibleforitsstafftomonitortheuseofmoney.A.transparentB.reasonableC.secureD.formalKnowledgeandlearningareimportantifwewanttobesuccessful,buttheymayalso ourthinking.A.directB.limitC.changeD.improveTheministersaid,“Wearereadyfordiscussionswithanylegalparties,butwe’llnever withcriminals.”A.negotiateB.quarrelC.argueD.consultClinicalevidencebeganto ,suggestingthatthenewdrugshadawiderrangeofusefulactivitiesthanhadbeenpredictedfromexperimentsinanimals.A.operateB.straightenC.approveD.accumulateThegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto thehighpricesofdailygoodstokeepthemarketstable.A.takedownB.bringdownC.handdownD.teardownWhenaskedabouttheiropinionabouttheschoolmaster,manyteacherswouldprefertoseehimstepaside youngermen.A.intermsofB.inneedofC.infavorofD.inpraiseof其次节：完形填空〔201.530分〕阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项〔A,B,C,D〕中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Theyoungwomanenteredthepoolwhereaninjureddolphin(海豚)wasswimming.Despiteherfear,shefeltstrongwearinghernewleg.Inhersecondgrade,Maja 31sworeshewouldhonorthelittlegirlby

hercousin,Jasmina.AfterJasmina’sdeath,Maja32 withadolphin,ananimalthatbothgirls33.“Jasminanevergotthechancetodoit,”saysMaja,now32,“soI34thatsomedayI’ddoitforher.”Inhighschool,Majawas35aboutsports.Sheevenplannedtobecomeanathlete.36,in1993,duringthecivilwarinherhomecountry,abomb37herleftleg.Aftertwoyears’38intheU.S.,Majareceivedherfirstartificial(人造的)leg.But39itdidn’tfitwell,walkingforMajawaspainful.40,shemanagedtograduatefromalocalhighschool.Thenafterreceivinga41fromSaintFrancisUniversity,shegotajobataninsurancefirmand42startedherowncompany.Torelax,Maja 43 oftenwatchthedolphinsplayatanaquarium(水族馆)nearherhome.Ayoungdolphin,Winter,whohadlostitstail,caughther 44 .Oneday,Majahappenedtoseetrainers 45 Winterwithahigh-techtail.Whentheyweredone,Winterswamfreelyinthewater.Majawas 46 .ShemanagedtofindtheinventorsofWinter’stail.Withintendays,shehadanewlegwhichfreedherofthe 47 thathadtroubledherforalmost16years.Now,Majawasreadytokeepher 48 .Shewenttotheaquarium,loweredherselfintothepoolandheldoutahandtoWinter,whoapproached 49 ,thenswamaway.Afterafewminutes,thedollophintletMaja 50 itsback.Finally,theybegantoswimaroundthetogether.A.lostB.visitedC.rescuedD.leftA.talkingB.livingC.swimmingD.surfingA.adoredB.adoptedC.possessedD.premisedA.pretendedB.decidedC.perfectedD.agreedA.positiveB.enthusiasticC.particularD.curiousA.UndoubtedlyB.SurprisinglyC.StrangelyD.UnfortunatelyA.tookawayB.tookoverC.cutdownD.cutoutA.studyB.potationC.treatmentD.experimentA.untilB.becauseC.althoughD.itA.OtherwiseB.ThereforeC.BesidesD.HoweverA.scholarshipsB.degreeC.prizeD.noticeA.graduallyB.actuallyC.eventuallyD.niterA.mightB.shouldC.couldD.wouldA.eyeB.legC.noseD.handA.celebratingB.gruelingC.markingD.firmA.inspiredB.passedC.shockedD.amusedA.worryB.sadnessC.painD.fearA.appointmentB.promiseC.recordD.haltA.blindlyB.angrilyC.gratefullyD.cautiouslyA.strikeB.coverC.touchD.wipe第三局部：阅读理解〔20240分〕阅读以下短文，从没篇短文后所给各题的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHonesty,mymumalwaysusedtotellme,isthebestpolicy.Ofcourse,thisdidn’tincludeherwhenshetoldmethatifIdidn’teatallmyvegetablesFatherChristmaswouldfindoutandwouldn’tgivemeanypresents.Butwhenitcomestomedicine,Ihadassumeditwasimportanttoalwaysbehonestwithmypatients.Afterall,thedoctor-patientrelationshipisbasedontrust,andthereforehonestyisessential,orsoIthought.Ihadjuststartedworkingingeriatrics(老年病科).Mr.McMahonwasbroughtinwhenhisbabywasfoundveryswollen.Itookamedicalhistoryfromhisdaughterwhohadaccompaniedhimintheambulance.She’dbeenhismaincarerforyears.Istoodlookingathimasshegaveadetailedhistory.“Hashelostanyweightrecently?”Iasked,“Well,it’sfunnyyoushouldmentionthat,butyes.”Shesaidslowly.Therewassilenceforafewmoments.“Why?Whatareyouworriedabout?”sheasked,Ihesitated.ShewasobviouslyveryinvolvedinhiscareanditwasonlyfairthatItoldherthetruth.“Well,weneedtoproveit’snotcancer.”IsaidandtalkedbrieflyaboutsomeofthetestsIwasgoingtoorder.Halfanhourlater,anursecalledme:“Mr.McMahon’sdaughterbrokedown－shesaidyoutoldherhehadcancer.”Myheartsank.BythetimeIarrivedattheward,myconsultantwasalreadythere,explainingthatwestillhadtorunlotsoftestsandthatitwasbynomeansconfirmedthathehadcancer.Istoodsilentlyattheendofthebed.MyconsultantwasobviouslyangrywithmeandasweleftMr.McMahon,sheturnedtome.“Whyonearthdidyoudothat?”sheaskedindisbelief.Ilookedatherandbitmylip.“SheaskedmewhatIwasworriedaboutandItoldher.”Isaid,hangingmyhead.“Andgivehermoretoworryabout?”repliedmyconsultant.“Youdon’tsaytheword‘cancer’untilit’sconfirmed.Evenifyoususpectit,thinkverycarefullybeforeyoutellpeople.”Asitturnedout,itwasn’tcancer.ButIdidlearnthatwhensomeoneisstressedandworriedabouttheirlovedonethey’resometimesselectiveinwhattheyhear－andasadoctorit’simportanttobemindfulofthis.Inbeingtruthful,I’dmadethesituationworse.(nmet168)Thepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphsistoshowthattheauthor .misunderstoodthedoctor-patientrelationshipwasanxioustoreceiveChristmasgiftsregardedhonestyasthebestpolicyhadanunhealthyeatinghabitTheauthor’sconsultantwasangrywithhimbecause .hetoldthedaughterwhathesuspected.hedelayedrunningthenecessarytests.hefailedtoconfirmtheparent’sdisease.heforgotwhattheconsultanthadadvised.Theauthorhunghishead(theunderlinedpartinPara.4)becauseheling .guilty

was feehurtdisappointedhelplessWhatlessonhastheauthorlearntfromhisexperience?Learningfromparentsisnecessary.Jumpingtoaconclusionisdangerous.Tellingthetruthmaynotalwaysbethebestsolution.Selectingpleasantwordsmaynotbetheperfectpolicy.BHowlingisabehaviorcommonlyobservedamongawolfpack.Aspackanimals,wolvesworktogethertohuntandrelyonhowlingasanimportantmeansofcommunicationamongeachother.Therearedifferentexplanationsofawolf’showlanditappearsthattheremaybemoretodiscover.Onetheoryisthatwolveshowltobondbettertogether.It’salmostasifhowlingtogetherhelpsthepackstaytogether.Perhapssomethingsimilartopeoplefeelingasenseofinvolvementwitheachotherwhensingingasongtogether.Butthistheorymaybewrong,explainsFredH.Harrington,aprofessorwhostudieswolfbehavior.Indeed,therehavebeentineswhenwolveshavebeenseenonemomenthowlinginachorus,andthenext,quarrelinganionseachother.Itappearsthatusuallythelowest-rankingmembersofthepackmayactuallybe“punished”forjoininginthechorusattimes.Soishowlingawaytostrengthenasocialbondorjustawaytoreconfirmstatusamongitsmembers?—Whydowolveshowlforsure?Whatiscleat,however,isthathowlingisoftenusedamongpackmatestolocateeachother.Huntinggroundsaredistantandithappensthatwolvesmayseparatefromoneanotherattimes.Whenthishappens,howlingappearstobeanexcellentmeansofgathering.Howling,interestingly,isacontagiousbehaviour.Whenonewolfstartstohowl,verylikelyotherswillfollow.Thisisoftenseentooccurinthemorning,asifwolvesweredoingsomesortof“rollcall”wherewolvesallhowltogethertoreporttheirpresence.Whatisthepossiblesimilaritybetweenwolves’howlingtogetherandhumans’singinginchorus?Theactofcallingeachother.Thesenseofaccomplishment.Theactofhuntingforsomething.Thesenseofbelongingtoagroup.WhydoesHarringtonthinkthe“socialbond”theorymaybewrong?Wolvesseparatefromeachotherafterhowling.Wolvestendtoprotecttheirhuntinggrounds.Wolvessometimeshavequarrelsafterhowlingtogether.Wolvesoflowrankareencouragedtojoininthechorus.Researchersaresurethatwolvesoftenhowlto .showtheirranksfindtheircompanionsreportthemissingonesexpresstheirloneliness“Howling…isacontagiousbehaviour”(inthelastparagraph)means .howlingisasignalforhuntinghowlingisawayofcommunicationhowlingoftenoccursinthemorninghowlingspreadsfromonetoanotherCIntoday’sthrowawaysociety,dealingwiththecity’sgrowingmountainofwasteisanincreasingchallengeforthecitycouncil(市议会).Recently.Edinburghisfacedwiththeproblemofdisposingof(处理)about250,000Milliontonsofwasterayear.Despitedifferentwaystodisposeofmuchofitinagreenmanner---largelythroughencouragingrecycling---itsagingfacilitiessuchasthePowderhalllandfilldonothavetheabilitytodealwithit.TheEuropeanUnion(EU)hasissuedanewpolicy,regulatinghowsuchmountainsofwasteraretohrdisposedof.Thefivecouncils(Edinburgh.EastLothian.WestLothian.MidlothianandBorders)facefinearound$18millionayearfrom2023iftheydon’tincreaserecyclinglevelsandrelylessonlandfill.Withthisinmind,thecouncilsgottogetherwiththeideaofbuildingalargeincineratorplant(垃圾燃烧厂)toburnhalfofthewasteproducedintheirdistricts.ButtheplanfellapartafterthechangeoftargetlevelsbyanewUKgovernmentwastepolicywhichrequiredthatnomorethan25%ofthecity’swasteshouldbedisposedofinthiswayby2025.Aftertheplanwasabandoned,aprivatecompanywhichalreadytransportedmillionsoftonsofthecity’swastebytraintoalandfillsitenearDunbar,offeredanalternativesolutionwhenitsuggestedopeningahugewastesitenearPortobello.SincePowderhallissupposedtoclosein2023,itseemednecessaryforthemembersoftheEdinburghCounciltoacceptthesuggestion.Butsoontheyturneditdown—after700localobjectionsreachedthem—becauseitwouldhavemeanthundredsoflorriesadaymakingloudnoisethrough.Thatstillleavesethcouncilwithaproblem.By2023,only50%of1995levelsofwastewillbeallowedtobesenttolandfill.Evenifrecyclingtargetsaremet,therewillstillbealargeamountofrubbishtobeburntup.DuebuildanEdinburghandMidlothiancouncilshavenowdecidedtoworktogethertobuildanincineratorplantastimetofindasolutionisfastrunningout.ThemainwayofhandlingwasteinagreenmannerinEdinburghis .A.recyclingB.restoringC.buryingD.burningThefivecouncilsworkedoutaplantobuildanincineratorplantto .reducetheroastofburyingwastemeetstheEUrequirementsspeedupwasterecyclingtempterlandfillsitesThecitycouncilofEdinburghrejectedthesuggestiontoopenahugelandfillsitenearPortobellobecause .anamefromaprivatecompanythecomelierwasnotinterestedinititwasnotsupportsbyEUthelocalpoodlewaswaistitWhatisthefinaldreamanEdinburghandMidlothianCountry?ToopenanewlandfillnearbyToclosethepowderhalllandfillin2023TosetupaplanforburningwasteTopersuadepeopletodeducetheirwaste.DFeelingblueaboutworld?“Cheerup.”sayssciencewriterMattRidley.“Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein,anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandgotnature.”Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—tactical,becausehe’scarefullyweighedtheevidenceoptimistic,becausethatoffenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.Andthisiswhathe’ssetouttopronefromuniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbook.TheRationalOptimist.Heviewsmankindasgrandenterprisethat.onthewhole.hasdonelittlebutprogressfor100.000years.Hebackedhisfindingwithhardgatheredthroughyearsofresearch.Here’showheexplainshisviews.ShoppingfuelsinventionItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproducersforsaleinLondonalone.Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpoverty，ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood,moreconvenienttransport,biggerhouses,betterears,and,ofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongaswetherethingstomakeotherthings.Themorewespecializeandexchange,thebetteroffwe’llbe.BrilliantadvancesOnereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longer-livedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds-food,clothing,fuelandshelter-havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleprovidingonehour’slightcostsixhours’work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes’worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit’shalfsecond.Let’snotkillourselvesforclimatechangeMitigating(减轻)climatechangecouldprovejustasdamagingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage,wheretheuseoffossil-fuel(化石燃料)electricityisforbiddenbywellmeaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld,isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimatechangeprovestobemild,butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain,wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanosebleedbyputtingatourniquet(止血带)aroundournecks.WhatisthethemeofRidley’smostrecentbook?Weaknessofhumannature.Concernaboutclimatechange.Importanceofpracticalthinking.Optimismabouthumanprogress.HowdoesRidleylookatshopping?Itencouragesthecreationofthings.Itresultsinshortageofgoods.Itdemandsmorefossilfuels.Itcausesapovertyproblem.Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat .oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandlesshorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlife.advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandles.increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassageimply?Cuttingcarbonisnecessaryinspiteofthehugecost.Overreactiontoclimatechangemaybedangerous.People’shealthiscloselyrelatedtoclimatechange.Carelessmedicaltreatmentmaycausegreatpain.EWhichareyoumorelikelytohavewithyouatanygivenmoment—yourcellphoneoryourwallet?Soonyoumaybeabletothrowyourwalletawayandpayforthingswithaquickwaveofyoursmartphoneoveranelectronicscanner.InJanuary,Starbucksannouncedthatcustomerscouldstartusingtheirphonestobuycoffeein6,800ofitsstates.ThisisthefirstpaybyphonepracticeintheU.S.,butwe’relikelytoseemorewirelesspaymentalternativesassomethingcallednearfieldcommunication(NFC)GETSINTOAmerica’sconsumerelectronics.LastDecembersomenewsmartphoneswhichcontainanNFCchipwereintroducedtothepublic.AlreadyinuseinpartofAsiaandEurope,NFCallowsshopperstowavetheirphonesafewinchesaboveapaymentterminal—acontact-freesystembuiltforspeedandconvenience.ButbeforeNFCbecomeswidelyadoptedintheU.S.,afewproblemsneedtobeworkedout,likewhowillgettocollecttheprofitabletransaction(交易)fees.AlthoughsomecreditcardprovidershavebeenexperimentingwithwaveandpaysystemsthatuseNFC-enabledcreditcards,cellphoneserviceprovidersmaytrytomusedtheirwayintothepoint-of-sale(POS)market.Threebigcellphoneserviceprovidershaveformedajointventure(合资企业)thatwillgointooperationoverthenexti15months.Itsgoalis“toleadtheU.S.paymentsindustryfromcardstomobilephone.”TheotherbigNFCissue,apartfromhowpaymentswillbeprocessed,issecurity,Forinstance,what’stostopathieffromdigitallypickpocketingyou?“We’restillnotatthepointwhereanattackercanjustbrushagainstyouinacrowdandstealallthemoneyoutofyourphone,”saysJimmyShah.Amobilesecurityresearcher,“Usersmayalsobeabletosettransactionlimits,requiringapasswordtobeenteredforlargerpurchases.”Stilluneasyaboutthisdigital-walletbusiness?Keepinmindyoulostyoursmartphone,itcanbelocatedonalocatedonamapandremotelydisabled.Plus,yourphonecanbepasswordprotected.Yourwalletisn’t.(yygrammar)WhatispredictedtohappenintheU.S.?Theexpansionofcellphonecompanies.Theboomofpaybyphonebusiness.Thedisappearanceofcreditcards.TheincreaseofStarbuckssales.sTheNFCtechnologycanbeusedto .ensurethesafetyofshopperscollecttransactionfeeseasilymakepurchasefasterandsimplerimprovethequalityofcellphonesThreecellphoneserviceprovidersformajointventureto .strengthentheirrelationshipgetashareinthepaymentsindustrysellmorecellphonestesttheNFCtechnologyaccordingtothepassage,whatcanusersdoiftheylosetheirsmartphones?Stopthefunctioningoftheirphones.Setupapassword.Getallthemoneyoutoftheirphones.Cancellargepurchases.第四局部：书面表达〔共两节，总分值40分〕第一节：完成句子〔101.515分〕案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。例：We (起床)beforedawn.Itwasstilldarkoutside.(get)答案：gotupNotuntiltwodaysaftertheearthquake (她觉察)hermotheralive.(find) (没有必要)callmewhenyou