英语新闻标题的汉译研究

-1-ChapterOneIntroductionNownewshasbecomeanindispensablepartofpeople’slives,andiswidelyconsideredasawaytoenjoytherighttoknowandtherighttoknow.ForChinesepeoplewhowanttoreadinEnglish,newspaperreadingcanalsobeusedasawaytoexpandthescopeofknowledgeandlearnchangingEnglish.NewsEnglishcanevenbefoundinsometextbooksorinthereadingcomprehensionpartofvariousexaminations,suchasChina’sGraduateEntranceExamination,orevenGREorTOEFL.ManycollegesanduniversitiesinChinatakeEnglishnewspaperreadingasoneoftheoptionalcourses;somepeopleevenlistitasacompulsorycourse.AllthistellspeoplethatnewspaperEnglishhasbecomemoreandmoreimportant.Itisgenerallybelievedthatonemustreadthetitlebeforereadingthewholearticle.Thisclearlyshowsthatnewsheadlinesplaysuchanimportantandspecialroleinnewsreports.Perhapsconsideringthisfact,mostpopularBritishandAmericannewspapershavetheirowntitletraditionstoavoidsimilarities.Generallyspeaking,agoodtitleischaracterizedbysimplicity,originalityandattractiveness.ItmaybeforthisreasonthatnewsEnglishbeginnersdonotknowthecontentofthereportatfirstsight,andfinditdifficulttounderstandandtranslatethetitle.ButiftheyfullyunderstandthecharacteristicsofEnglishnewsheadlines,thenunderstandingandtranslatingEnglishnewsheadlinesisnotabigproblem.Therefore,thefirstpartofthispaperisanintroductiontoEnglishnewsheadlines.Specifically,itfirstintroducesthedefinition,characteristicsandfunctionsofEnglishnewsheadlines.Secondly,itexpoundsthelinguisticfeaturesofEnglishnewsheadlinesintermsofvocabulary,grammarandrhetoric,andlistsexamplestosupportthem.AfterexpoundingthecharacteristicsofEnglishnewsheadlines,fourmethodsfortranslatingEnglishnewsheadlinesintoChineseareputforwardinthearticle,andtheactualtranslationofsomeexamplesisanalyzed.DuetotherecognizeddifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglish,aswellasdifferencesbetweenEastandWestinpolitics,economy,history,waysofthinking,culture,andcustoms,someinevitableproblemsanddifficultieswillbeencounteredinthetranslationprocess.Therefore,thispaperdescribesthegeneralfeaturesofEnglishnewsheadlinesandtheirtranslation,aimingatfindingvarioustranslationfeaturessoastoeffectivelyapplythemintranslationpracticeandbetterservecross-culturalcommunicationandexternalpublicity.ChapterTwoIntroductiontoNewsHeadlinesWhenanewsheadlineisveryattractiveorlooksunusual,itwillimmediatelyattractreaders’attention,whileordinaryheadlinesareoftenignored,althoughthenewscontentmaybeworthreading.Inaneraofrapidlychangingworldandpressingsociety,newsheadlinesmustbecarefullyedited.Sincethebeginningofthe21stcentury,newshasplayedanincreasinglyimportantroleinourdailylife,providingpeoplewiththelatesteventsaroundusandaroundtheworld.Althoughanewsitemiscomposedofatitleandbody,whichisthemostimportantpartofthewholenews,thetitleisstillthe“eye”orfocusofthenews.Therefore,whetheritisnewswritingornewstranslation,theimportanceofnewsheadlinesishighlyworthyofcarefulstudy.Inviewoftheabove,itisnecessarytointroducethedefinition,characteristicsandfunctionsofnewsheadlines.2.1DefinitionofNewsHeadlinesAnewstitleisashorttextthatsummarizesorevaluatesthenewscontentinfrontofthenewscontent.Itsfontsizeislargerthanthetext.Itsfunctionistodivide,organize,reveal,evaluatethenewscontentandattractreaderstoread.Withtheurgentneedfortimelyandconcisenews,thedevelopmentofnewsheadlinesisimperative.Newsheadlinesshouldintroduceorsummarizethenewsbeforeapieceofnewsandbeusedtopromotefastreading.Generallyspeaking,thelettersofnewsheadlinesareusuallytypedverylargetomodifythelayoutofthepage,buttheyaremainlyusedtohelpreadersgetwhattheywantatthefirstsight.Newsheadlinesarethemostimportantpartofnews,buttheidealnewsheadlinesshouldbeinformativeandshouldnotstiflereaders’willingnesstoreadfurther.Readersshouldbemotivatedtoreadthewholenews,notjusttheheadlineitself.2.2FeaturesofNewsHeadlinesDifferentfromotherstyles,Englishnewsheadlinesmustbeconciseandclear,thatis,summarizethenewsinformationinthemostconciselanguage,sothatreaderscanunderstandthemainnewscontentintheshortesttime.Therefore,thewordingofheadlinesisshort,conciseandvivid,soabbreviationsandshortwordsareoftenusedinlargenumbers.Theuseofthesewordscannotonlyenhancethebrevityandreadabilityofthenews,butalsosavethepagespace.Then,thepresenttenseiswidelyusedinEnglishnewstogivereadersafreshandvividimpression.Ingeneral,thepasttenseisnotusedintheheadlinesofEnglishnewspapersandperiodicals,butthepresenttenseisusedtomakereadersfeelliketheyareatthesceneofnewseventswhenreadingnews.Thisiscalled“newspresenttense”.TheactivevoiceisoftenwidelyusedinEnglishnewsheadlines.Fromtheperspectiveofrhetoric,itisbecausetheactivevoiceismorecolorfulthanthepassivevoice,anditismoreinfectious,andthemeaningitexpressesismoredirectandmorepersuasive,sothatreaderscanpersonallyexperienceitsauthenticityandcredibility,andreaditfluentlyandnaturally.Finally,simile,metonymy,rhyme,contrast,irony,pun,exaggeration,repetitionandotherrhetoricaldevicesareoftenusedinnewsEnglishheadlinestomakenewsheadlinesvividorrichinhumorandirony.2.3FunctionsofNewsHeadlinesInthiseraofinformationexplosion,therearemanykindsofEnglishnews,andthereareoftenmanyreportsofthesameevent.Inordertoattractreaders’attentioninthiscontext,newswriters“mutate”atthelevelsoftitlewriting,words,sentences,andsemantics,fromthelanguageformtothelanguagecontent,fromthesurfacemeaningtotheinnermeaningofthelanguage.Englishnewsheadlinesattractreadersthroughtheuseofpunctuationmarksandcapitalletters,andvariousheadingarrangements.Newsheadlinesalsotrytoarousethecuriosityofreadersbyusingunusualwordssuchasabbreviationsandnewscoinage,soastoattractreaderstoreadthemainpartofthenewsandachievethepurposeofconveyingnewsinformation.Inaddition,newsheadlinescanshowreadersthebeautyofEnglishlanguage.Goodthingsalwaysattractpeople’sinterest,makepeoplefeelgoodaboutthem,andgeneratepositivebehavior.Facingallkindsofnews,readershavemanychoices.Inordertoincreasetheclick-throughrateorreadingrateofnews,newswritersoftenworkhardonthetitle,andreflectthemostimportantandprominentinformationinthetitle.Inordertoachievethiseffect,theauthorusuallyadoptssuchmeansassentenceinversion,adverbialpreposition,quotedwords,capitalletters,etc.,highlightingtheimportantinformationhewantstoconvey.Thesizeandtypeofnewsheadlinesaredifferent,whichgreatlycontributestotheattractivenessofthelayoutofmodernnewspapers.Today’sheadlinesintroducecontrast,whichmakesblackandwhitefontsreducethedullgrayofbodyshape.Properlyplacedtitlesbringbalance,symmetryandtypographytoanorderlypage.Aboringtitlewillmakethepagemoreboring.Inotherwords,newsheadlinescanbreakthemonotonyofnewspaperpagesandmakereadersmoreinterestedinreading.ChapterThreeFeaturesofLanguageUseinChineseTranslationofNewsHeadlinesDifferentreadingmaterialshavedifferentlanguagestyles,anddifferenttypesofarticleshavedifferentstylisticcharacteristics.However,theirwritingisaffectedbysomecommonfactors.Inviewoftheparticularityofnews,Englishnewsheadlinesalsohavetheirownlanguagecharacteristics.Generallyspeaking,conciseness,eye-catching,compactness,andhumorarethecharacteristicsofnewsheadlinestranslatedintoChinese.Theconcisenessoftitleshasitsuniquenessindifferentlanguagelevelssuchasvocabulary,grammarandrhetoric.Thelanguageofnewsheadlinesisspecialandhasitsowncharacteristicsatthesethreelevels.Itscharacteristicsareconcise,attractiveandclear.Theconcisenessofthetitleisachievedbyusingshortwords,abbreviationsandconversionofpartsofspeech,sometimesevenomittingwords.Thetitleisattractivebecauseitusesvividandfreshlanguageandavoidsboringwords.Therefore,variousrhetoricaldevicescanbefoundintheChinesetranslationoftitles.Itsclarityisachievedbyusingaccuratewordstoavoidinvolving,confusingorambiguouswords.Itshumorcanbefoundinvariousrhetoricaldevicesandproducehumorouseffects.TheselinguisticfeaturesprovideusefulstrategiesfordomesticEnglishlearnerswhentranslatingEnglishnewsheadlinesintoChinese.3.1VocabularyUseofNewsHeadlinesinChineseTranslationNewsheadlinesrequireahighdegreeofconciseness,whichleadstospeciallexicalpreference.Themostsignificantaspectsofnewsheadlinesintermsofvocabularypreferenceareasfollows:3.1.1UseofShortWordsTheso-calledshortwordsarewordsthathavefewlettersanddonotoccupyspace,buthavebroadandvividmeanings.InordertoreflectthepopularityofEnglishnewsheadlines,someshortwordsareoftenusedinChinesetranslationnewsheadlines.Thiscannotonlysavethepagespaceofthenewspaper,butalsoenablemorereaderstounderstandEnglishnewspapersandimprovethereadabilityofEnglishnews.Forexample,“OnlytheWeakestWillTriumphintheEuroBattle”canbetranslatedinto“欧债危机中强肉弱食.”Ifthetranslatortranslatesitas“在欧洲主权债务危机中，弱小主权借款国通常会战胜金融实力强大的债权”,itwouldbetoocumbersome.Agoodnewstitlenotonlysummarizesthespecificcontentofthenews,butalsograspsthemostimportantpointandcondensesitinconciseandexquisitelanguage.Sothetranslatoradoptstheabbreviatedformof“Europeansovereigndebtcrisis”,or“Europeandebtcrisis”;Atthesametime,thetranslatortransformedtheoriginalChinesefourcharacterword“weakmeatandstrongfood”into“strongmeatandweakfood”,conveyingthenewscontentinahighlycondensedlanguageform,conciseandcomprehensive.Generallyspeaking,shortwordscanexpressanddescribetheirmeaningsmorevividlyandappropriately.Inadditiontocredibilityandeffectiveness,inordertosavespace,shortwordsarepreferredinthetitle.3.1.2UseofAbbreviationsAbbreviationsandacronymsoftenappearinnewsheadlines.Abbreviationistheabbreviationofsomewordsinmanyletters.Acronymsarecomposedofthefirstletterofmanywords,indicatingthemeaningofaunit.Theyareusedtoreplacecomplexandlengthywords,thussavingmorespaceandbalancingsentencestructure.Abbreviationsareoftenusedinnewsheadlines,whichcannotonlyreducethelength,butalsocatchthereader'sinstantglance.Asnewswritingattachesgreatimportancetobrevity,phrasesshouldalsobeasshortaspossible.WhentranslatingtitlesintoChinese,somecommonabbreviationsinclude:(1)AIDS=AcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome(后天免疫缺损综合征),itcanbetranslatedintoChineseas“艾滋病”;(2)NATO=NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization(北大西洋公约组织),itcanbetranslatedintoChineseas“北约”；(3)UNESCO=UnitedNationsEducationalScientificandCulturalOrganization(联合国教育科学文化组织),itcanbetranslatedintoChineseas“联合国教科文组织”.Obviously,abbreviationssavemorespacethanfullterms.3.1.3ConversionofPartofSpeechWordswitchingisverycommoninEnglishwriting,especiallyinEnglishnewswritingandEnglishnewsheadlines.Someshortnounsareusedasverbsorotherpartsofspeech(andviceversa).ThephenomenonoflexicalswitchingmakesmodernEnglishmorelively,vividandexpressive;itmakestheexpressionofsentencesmorestrikingandvivid,andachievesconciseness.Thephenomenonofpartofspeechconversionmakesnewslanguageconciseandpowerful,forexample:(1)PoliceSay6000ProtesteThrongedCentralRio...(ChinaDailyofThousandsProtestConfedCupCosts2013-06-19).TheChinesetranslationis“警方称里约市中心发生6000起抗议活动.”Theword“Throng”means“many,alot”,andhereitmeans“gathering”.Itonlyusesaverbtoexpressthenumberofpeopleintheparade,whichisalsoverypowerfultoread.ProtestBattledPoliceNearRioDeJaneiroDespiteBrazil'sTwoBiggestCities(ChinaDailyFareRisesOff,ProtestsContinue2013-06-21).TheChinesetranslationis“尽管巴西有两个最大的城市，但抗议活动仍与里约热内卢附近的警察发生冲突.”Asanoun,“Battle”means“contest,struggle”.Ifanounisusedtoexpressthesamemeaning,thepossibleexpressionis“TherewasabattlebetweenprotestandpolicynearRiodeJaneiro”,whichisnotinlinewiththeconciseandlivelycharacteristicsofthenewsstyle,andtheexpressioneffectisnotenough.Theoriginalsentenceconciselyandforcefullyexpressesthestrugglebetweenthedemonstratorsandthepolice.Thephenomenonofpartofspeechconversionmakesexpressionsvividandgraphic,forexample:(3)MassProtestsHaveBeenMushroomingAcrossBrazil...(NYDailyNewsProtestsbreakoutagaininBrazil'sBiggestcities2013-6-19).Generallyspeaking,peopleareonlyfamiliarwithtranslating“Mushroom”asanounintoChineseas“蘑菇”,andfewpeopleunderstandthemeaningoftranslatingitintoaverbas“rapidgrowth”.Throughtheconversionofpartsofspeech,peoplecanintuitivelyassociatelarge-scaledemonstrationswiththegrowthof“bambooshootsafterrain”.Throughtheseexamples,wecanfindthatduetocertaincharacteristicsofnewsdiscourse,theconversionofpartsofspeechhasbeenwidelyappliedintheChinesetranslationofnewsdiscourse,makingEnglishexpressionconcise,vivid,andlively.WhentranslatingnewsheadlinesintoChinese,peopleshouldconsciouslyusetheconversionofpartsofspeechtoimprovethevividnessandaccuracyoftheChinesetranslationresults.3.2GrammaticalUseofNewsHeadlinesinChineseTranslationWhenreadersfirstreadanewsarticle,theywillfinditincreasinglydifficulttounderstandthemeaningofthetitle,becausethenewstitlehasuniquegrammaticalcharacteristics,whichareverydifferentfromourcommongrammar.ThegrammaticalcharacteristicsofnewsEnglisharemainlyreflectedinthefollowingaspects.3.2.1CommonTensesItisnowwidelyusedinEnglishnewsinordertogivereadersafresh,vividandpaper-likefeeling.ThepasttenseisgenerallynotusedinthenewsheadlinesofEnglishnewspapersandperiodicals,butthepresenttenseisusedtomakereadersfeelliketheyareinthesceneofnewseventswhenreadingthenews.Thisiscalled“journalisticpresenttense”.DuetothefactthattheChinesetranslationofnewsheadlinesmustbeconciseandcomprehensive,itisimpossibletousealltensesinEnglishtocondensenewsfacts.Moreover,newsoftenreportsoneventsthathavealreadyoccurred.Usingthesimplepasttensecangivepeopleanoutdatedfeelingandcannotattracttheattentionofreaders.Forexample:(1)“2.5MillionTakeCollegeEntranceExams”theChinesetranslationis“二百五十万高中毕业生参加大学入学考试”.Theuseofthepresenttenseinthisnewstitlehighlightstherealismandfreshnessoftheevent,reflectingthetimelinessandspeedofthenewsreport.Butsometimesinordertoemphasizethattheeventhasoccurred,pastparticiplesarealsousedtoexpresspastactions.Atthesametime,inEnglishnewsheadlines,infinitivesareoftenusedtoindicatefutureactions,andpresentparticiplesareusedtoindicateongoingactions.Forexample:(2)ShanghaiFacingTradeChallengesFromOtherAreasreplaceShanghaiIsFacingTradeChallengesFromOtherAreas(上海正面临来自其他地区的贸易挑战).Intheexample,usingpresentparticiplestorepresentongoingactionssimplyandclearlyexpressesthecontentofthenewstitle,increasingthecredibilityofreaders.3.2.2ChoiceofVoiceWhentranslatingEnglishnewsheadlinesintoChinese,theuseofactivevoiceismuchhigherthanthatofpassivevoice.Thisisbecausetheactivevoiceismorevivid,colorfulandappealingthanthepassivevoice,andthemeaningexpressedismoredirect,ormorepersuasive,sothatreadersfeelauthenticandcredible,andreadfluentlyandnaturally.Forexample:(1)PensionRowDisruptsUKLife.养老金纠纷扰乱英国生活.Thistitledoesnottranslateitintothepassivevoiceof“英国生活被养老金纠纷扰乱”inChinese,becauseusingtheactivevoicemakesthetitleappearshorterandmoreconcise,andmoreappealingtoreaders.MoreSeniorRepublicansDesertTrump.更多资深共和党人抛弃特朗普.Theuseofactivevoiceintheheadlinesenablesreaderstoquicklybrowsenewspaperheadlinesandobtainthecorecontentofthenews,fullyreflectingtheefficiencyofthenewsheadlinelanguage.3.2.3UseofOmissionEllipsisisamajorfeatureofEnglishnewsheadlines.WhentranslatingEnglishnewsheadlinesintoChinese,iftheomittedelementsonlyservegrammaticalfunctionsanddonotcontainanyinformation,theymaynotbetranslated;Iftheomittedcomponentcontainsinformation,itisnecessarytoaddtheimpliedinformationintheoriginaltitletomakethereadermoreclearaboutthemeaningofthetitle.InEnglishnewsheadlines,articles,linkingverbs,auxiliaryverbandconjunctionsareoftenomitted.Iftheomittedindefinitearticlerepresentsaspecific‘one’,itneedstobetranslated;Thetenseandvoiceoftheauxiliaryverbomittedbeforethepresentparticipleorthepastparticipleshouldbecorrectlyjudgedandtranslated.Theomissionofarticlesisthemostcommoninnewsheadlines.Forexample:(1)DiplomatRefutestheUSExcuseforBombing(=ADiplomatRefutestheUSExcuseforBombing)外交官驳斥美国轰炸理由.Thearticle“A”atthebeginningofthesentenceintheexamplesentencedoesnotcarryanyinformationandcanbeomittedwithouttranslation.WhentranslatingEnglishnewsheadlinesintoChinese,conjunctionsareusuallyomittedandreplacedwithcommas.Forexample:(2)RoyalBalletVisitsBeijing,Shanghai(=RoyalBalletVisitsBeijingandShanghai)皇家芭蕾舞团访问北京,上海.TheChinestranslationusescommasinsteadofconjunctions“And”inexamplesentences.TherearealsosomeexamplesofnewsheadlinesthatomitpronounsandconjunctionverbsintheChinesetranslationprocess,forexample:(3)ChinaAppointsGovernorInWorldBank(=ChinaAppointsItsGovernorinWorldBank)中国任命世行官员.Whentranslatingthisnewstitle,itomitspronounstomakethetitlemoreconciseandclear.3.2.4SelectionofPunctuationMarksBecauseofthelimitednumberofwords,thenewstitleshouldbeconciseandeasytounderstand,whichcanbeachievedthroughvariousnewsrhetoricandeffectivelyconveythenewsinformationtothenewsaudience.Theuseofpunctuationmarksisakindofnewstitleediting,whichcanrefinethenewstitle,strengthentheemotionalandinteractivefunctionsofthenewstitle,andmorehighlightitsnewsinformation.Commas,colonsanddashesarewidelyusedinEnglishnewsheadlines,andthespecificmeaningofthesepunctuationmarkshouldbetranslated.Commasnotonlyindicatepausesbetweenparallelcomponentsinthetitle,butalsoreplace“and”,whichcanbetranslatedas“和”.Forexample:(1)UN,IraqTalkonRefugeeAid(联合国和伊拉克谈判难民援助问题).Colonsarenotonlyusedbeforethequotation,butalsooftenreplacetheconnectingverb“be”.WhentranslatedintoChinese,theycanbetranslatedas“say”,“claim”,or“yes”.Adashisnotonlyusedtobreakanindependentclauseinatitle,butalsooftenplacedbeforeorafteranunquotedintroductiontointroducethespeaker.WhentranslatedintoChinese,itcanbetranslatedas“say”.Forexample:(2)LaborCouncilsFaceBankruptcy-Official(官员们说劳动党会面临崩溃).3.3RhetoricalUseofNewsHeadlinesinChineseTranslationTheChinesetranslationofnewsheadlinesshouldnotonlybeconciseandclear,butalsoarousereaders'interestthroughtheuseofvariousrhetoricaltechniques.Therefore,theChinesetranslationofnewsheadlinesoftenreliesonrhetoricaldevicestoincreasethereadabilityandattractivenessofthenews.Thecommonlyusedrhetoricaldevicesincludealliteration,puns,metaphors,etc.3.3.1UseofAlliterationNewswritingaimstoattractreaders.Alliterationisaveryeffectivewaytoachievethisgoal.Alliterationisarhetoricaldeviceinwhichconsonants,especiallyatthebeginningofaword,orstressedsyllables,arerepeated.Thisisthecloseconnectionbetweentwoormorewordsbeginningwiththesameletter.PayattentiontotherelationshipbetweenwordswhentranslatingnewsheadlinesintoChinese.Theexamplesareasfollows:(1)DecisionandDivision(判决和分歧).Thetitlecallsonpeopleofdifferentracestoeliminatedifferencesandmakeaquickandunbiaseddecisiononapartheidbyusingsymmetricalphrases.Thealliterationinthetitlestrengthenstherhythmofthesentence,andthewordingispowerfulandsimple.(2)FromMonstertoMartyr?(从独裁者到殉道者?)Thispairofwordswithoppositemeaningsisalsousedonaperson,whichsatirizesthedictatorofIraqwhowasoncethemostpowerfulintheworld,andnowhasfallentotheguillotine.3.3.2UseofPunPunisagameofwordsbasedonsoundsimilarityandstrongcontrastinmeaning.Punsareusedinnewsheadlinestogainasenseofhumor.Sometimestheycanbringsarcasmtoreadersinnewsreports.Itisacommonrhetoricaldeviceinnewsheadlines.TheuseofsemanticorphoneticpunsinChinesetranslationtocreateEnglishnewsheadlinesnotonlyhasacleartheme,butalsohasalargeamountofinformationandgreathumor.Forexample:(1)MicrosoftOpensaNewWindow(微软又开“新窗”，Windows

XP进军市场).“Window”isapun,whichhastheoriginalmeaningandalsoreferstoMicrosoft’snewproduct“WindowsXP”.(2)HaveaHeart,ShareYourChocolate(“Heart”isapun)(拥有一颗真心，分享甜蜜美味).Themainideaofthearticleisthatresearchshowsthateatingmoredarkchocolatecanreducetheincidencerateofheartdisease.Theword"heart"herecanrefertobothaperson'sheartandhisheart.Puncanmakethenewstitleexpressimplicitandhumorous,andcandeepenthemeaningandmakeadeepimpression.Forexample:(3)SoccerKicksoffwithViolence(足球开踢,拳打脚踢).Kickoffliterallymeans“football(kick)”,whichalsomeanskickingandpunching.Itisvividandimaginative.(4)ANewHarvestofProblems(农产品丰收,新问题成堆).Harvestherereferstobothharvestandconsequence.3.3.3UseofMetaphorInrhetoric,metaphorisdefinedasonethingimplyinganother.InordertohighlightthelinguisticandculturalcharacteristicsofEnglishnews,peoplecanseemanymetaphoricaltechniquesinthenewsheadlines,whichcanmakethetitlelanguagemoreconciseandconcise,withprofoundmeaningandrichanddistinctartisticconception.IntheprocessofChinesetranslation,itisnecessarytocombinethemaincontentofthenewsandtranslatethemetaphoricalconceptsinthetitle.Forexample:(1)China’sLinCrushesDenmark’sGadeinSudirmanFinal(林丹总决赛横扫盖德，成就国羽苏杯8冠童话).ThisgameplaysavitalroleinthefinalsuccessoftheentireChinesebadmintonteam,sothesecondhalfoftheChinesenewsheadlineshasbeenaddedtoillustratetheimportanceofthisgame.Thereisametaphoricalconcepthiddeninthetitle,sotheword“crush”canbeusedasametaphorinthetitle.Thisis“badmintoniswar”.(2)ChildrenUnderParents’Wing(父母翅膀下的孩子).ThisnewstellsthestoryofmanyparentspersonallysendingtheirchildrentoschoolafterashootingincidentinahighschoolintheUnitedStates.Thetitleoftheoriginaltextvividlyuseswingsasametaphorforparents’protection.ChapterFourMethodsofTranslatingNewsHeadlinesIntoChineseEnglishnewsheadlinesareregardedastheessenceofthewholearticlebecauseoftheirconcisenessandconciseness.Inmostcases,thetitleisanimportantfactorforreaderstochooseanews.Intheprocessoftranslatingnewsheadlines,whattranslatorsshouldpayattentionto,whattranslationmethodsshouldbeused,andhowtomakethetranslatedtextmoreelegantandinterestingareveryimportant.Therearemanywaystotranslatenewsheadlines,suchasliteraltranslation,freetranslation,wordaddition,wordsubtraction,andsoon.Herearesomeexamplesforspecificanalysis.4.1LiteralTranslationIfthemeaningofEnglishnewsheadlinesisveryclear,andthewayofexpressioninEnglishiscompletelyorbasicallythesameasthatinChinese,andChinesereaderswillnothavedifficultiesinunderstandingafterdirecttranslationintoChinese,theycanuseliteraltranslation.Butadirecttranslationmustnotcompromisetheaccuracyofthemeaningorthestyleofthetitle.Examplesare:(1)Valentine’sDayCanLastAllYear(一年四季情人节);(2)LookingBackToGetAhead(回首往昔展望未来);(3)PutinFacesHarshPressCriticismOverTerror(普京因恐怖事件受严厉批评).Theabovethreeexamplesaretranslationmethodsthatpreserveboththeoriginalcontentandtheoriginalform.4.2FreeTranslationIftheliteraltranslationoftheoriginalEnglishnewstitlecannotaccuratelysummarizethecontentofthenews,orcannotfaithfullyreflecttheauthor’sintention,orisnotconsistentwiththeexpressionhabitsofChinese,freetranslationcanbeusedappropriatelyaccordingtothesituation,forexample:(1)JusticeHasLongArms(天网恢恢,疏而不漏).Thesurfacemeaningofthetitleisthatjusticehaslongarms,andjusticeandlawarefair,andnobadpersonwillbespared.(2)DarknessReleasedHimFromHisLastRestraints(在黑暗中他就无所顾忌了).Thesurfacemeaningisthatdarknessliberateshimfromhisfinalbondage,andwhenapersonindarknessleaveshisbondage,hewillhavenoworries.4.3AdditionalTranslationEnglishnewsheadlinesgenerallyusefewwordsandEnglishheadlinestendto“focus”onacertaincontentratherthantrytocoverallaspects,whichdeterminethattheyaregenerallyconciseandbrief.Chinesenewsheadlinespursue“comprehensiveness”AndthesamemeaningoftheChinesewordmakestheChinesetitleusemorewords.Therefore,whentranslatingheadlinesintoChinese,peoplecancombinethecharacteristicsofChinesenewsheadlinesandappropriatelyaddsomewordstomaketheformofheadlinesmoreChineseandthemeaningmorecomplete.Forexample:(1)Older,Wiser,Calmer(人愈老，智愈高，心愈平).Thisnewsfocusesontoday'sagingsociety,especiallythesagacityandcalmnessoftheelderlyindealingwithvariousproblemsafterretirement.Ifitistranslatedinto“older,wiseran