湖南省长沙市宁乡市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）

2023年下学期期末调研考试高一英语试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分：听力技能(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.5B.£9.18C.£9.15答案是C1.Whenwillthetrainarrive?A.At3:00.B.At3:30.C.At4:00.2.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coworkers.B.Acouple.C.Friends.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ahorriblemovie.B.Somesportsnews.C.Atrafficaccident.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atanairport.B.Onaplane.C.Atacafe.5.Whatwillthemangetfromthewoman?A.Somecandy.B.Somefruit.C.Somewater.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hisbikewashitbyacar.B.Helosthisbikeyesterday.C.Hefelloffhisbike.7.Wheredidthemanparkhisbike?A.Bytheroadside.B.Infrontofhishouse.C.Outsidethegarage.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8Whatisthemanprobably?AAtaxidriver.B.Apoliceman.C.Ahotelclerk.9.Wheredidthewomanlosehercellphoneaccordingtoherself?A.Inamall.B.Inahotel.C.Inataxi.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthemandoing?A.Apologizingforbeinglate.B.Puttingoffanappointment.C.Makinganinvitation.11.Atwhattimewillthespeakersmeettomorrow?A.5:00pm.B.6:00pm.C.9:00pm.12.Whatkindoffoodwillthespeakershave?A.Thaifood.B.Italianfood.C.Koreanfood.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whenwillthepartybeheld?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.14.Wherewillthespeakershavelunchongranddad’s70thbirthday?A.Ataclub.B.Mario’srestaurant.C.Attheman’shouse.15.HowwillNickgototheparty?A.Takeataxi.B.Drivehisowncar.C.Askthewomantopickhimup.16.Whatpresentwillthewomangetforgranddad?A.Ahat.B.SomeCDs.C.Asuitcase.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatwasthespeakergoingtodowithhisdaughter?A.Goshopping.B.Goswimming.C.Gocamping.18.Whendidthespeakergotothepostoffice?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.19.Whatdidthespeakergetattheshop?A.Somefruitsandbread.B.Twoswimsuits.C.Somedrinks.20.Whydidthespeakerslowdown?A.Somethingwentwrongwithhiscar.B.Thereweretreebranchesontheroad.C.Thecarsinfrontofhisbegantoshake.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMyYearAbroadThismonthinTravelersCornertherearethreeteenagers’experiencesinyearabroadprogrammes.MarikoOkadaTokyoMyyearabroadintheUnitedStateswasafantasticexperience.I’mnotashyperson,andIwasveryfortablespeakingtoeveryone.SoIgotlotsofspeakingpractice.IalsolearnedlotsofinterestingthingsaboutAmericanculture.WhenIgothome,myfriendsallsaidthatIhadimprovedsomuch!Ihopetogobackagaininthefuture.CarlaFonsecaRiodeJaneiroIspentlastyearstudyingEnglishinLondon.I’mfromasmalltown,andLondonisaverybigcity.SometimesIfeltitwastoobig.Thereweresomanypeopletotalkto,butIalwaysfeltbadaboutmyEnglish.Imissedmyfamily,andIreallymissedmytwocats.Myroommatewasalwaysusingourtelephone,soIhardlyhadthechanceforanicelongtalkwithmyparents.Ithinkitwasagoodexperienceforme,butI’mgladtobehome!AlvinChenHongKongStudyinginNewZealandwasaninterestingexperienceforme,butitwasalsolotsofhardwork!IhadEnglishclassessixhoursaday,fivedaysaweek—withlotsofhomework.Ialsokeptadiaryofmyexperience.Iliketowrite,andIwrotetwoorthreepagesinmydiaryeveryday.OnSaturdays,myhomestayfamilytookmetolotsofinterestingplacesandshowedmesomanywonderfulthingsabouttheculture.I’mreallygladIwent!1.Allthethreeteenagerswentabroad________.A.tohaveaholiday B.tovisitfriendsC.tostudyEnglish D.tofindajob2.Whodidn’treallyenjoythestayinaforeigncountryverymuch?A.Carla. B.Mariko.C.Alvin. D.Noneofthem.3.TravelersCornerismostprobably________.A.asportsclubnewsletter B.asciencedocumentaryC.anewswebsite D.atravelmagazineBRecentlywecelebratedmygrandmother’s90thbirthday.Familymemberstraveledtomyhometowntovisither.ThiswasthefirsttimeinmanyyearsthatIhadseensomanyofthem.Thoughthiswasanopportunitytoseefamily,manypeopledidnotmakeit.Honestly,livingfarfromhometown,Ihadmissedmanyfamilygatherings.ButthisonemademerealizehowmuchIwasreallymissing.ItseemedstrangewhenIwaslookingatthefaces,realizingwhomtheywereandgreetingthemwithopenarms.Afterchattingforawhile,wecaughtuponeachother’snews.Severalrelativessuggestedhavingafamilyreunionsoonifeveryonewasn’tsobusy.Butmygrandmother’sgenerationwasmuchbusier,yetstillfoundtimetogather.Theyunderstoodtheimportanceofvisitingoneanother.Theyknewtimeisflyingandthatthoseyoucareaboutmostwon’tbehereforever.Today,wefocusonourcareersandraisingourkids.Ourextendedfamilyisn’tthecenteritoncewas.Besides,wekeepintouchonsocialmedia.Butwhatwereallymissarethepotatosalad,themomentsoflaughterandsuddenburstsofexcitementwhenwehugsomeonewehaven’tseenforover10years.Althoughthenextgettogetherisalwaysayearorsoaway,peoplearen’tgoodsandeveryonehasanexpiration(到期)date.Ileftmygrandmother’spartywithamuchbettersenseofwhoIamandwhereIefromIspentvaluabletimewithpeoplewhocontributedtowhoIamtoday.IhadforgottenhowmuchIlovethemandIwasremindedhowmuchIamloved.4.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutmissingpreviousfamilygatherings?________A.Concerned. B.Regretful. C.Sad. D.Annoyed.5.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sgrandmother’sgeneration?________A.Theywereirresponsible. B.Theytooktimeseriously.C.Theystresstheimportanceoffamily. D.Theyvisitedfamilyfrequently.6.Whatdoestheauthormeanbythelastsentenceinparagraph3?________A.Familyreunionsmeannofun. B.Weshouldseelovedonesmorebeforeit’stoolate.C.Peoplearealwaystoobusytogettogether. D.Allgoodshaveexpirationdates.7.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?________A.Toconvincereaderstomeetfriends. B.Toshareaninterestingfamilyreunion.C.Toparedifferentgenerations’values. D.Tostressthevalueoffamilygatherings.CRacewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接触)withthegroundatalltimes.It’sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areunmonamongracewalkers.Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.8.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A.Theymustrunlongdistances.B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.9.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A.It’smorepopularattheOlympics.B.It’slesschallengingphysically.C.It’smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D.It’slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.10.WhatisDr.Norberg’ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A.Gettingexperts’opinions.B.Havingamedicalcheckup.C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.D.Doingregularexercises.11.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoracewalking?A.Skeptical. B.Objective.C.Tolerant. D.Conservative.DBeingabletocountatleasttenpeopleasfriendsmakesushappy,butthosewithfiveorfewerarelikelytobemiserable,researcherssay.Theirstudyofhundredsofmenandwomenalsofoundthatpeoplewhofeelsatisfiedwiththeirlivesalwayshavelotsofclosefriendsandregularlymakenewones.Whileitisnotclearwhetherourfriendsmakeushappyorwemakefriendsbecausewearehappy,theresearcherssayitisclearthatweshouldmaintainourfriendships.PsychologistRichardTunneysaid,“Whateverthereasonis,activelyworkingonfriendshipsinthesamewayastomaintainamarriageisaprerequisite(必备条件)tohappiness.”Dr.Tunney,ofNottinghamUniversity,quizzedmorethan1,700peopleabouttheirsatisfactionwiththeirlivesandthestateoftheirfriendships.Thosewithfivefriendsorfewerhadjusta40percentchanceofbeinghappy.Inotherwordstheyweremorelikelytobeunhappythanhappy.Tenwasthefirstnumberatwhichpeopleweremorelikelytobehappythanunhappy.Thehappiestpeoplewerethosewithdozensoffriends,accordingtothestudy,whichwascarriedoutfortheNationalLottery(彩票).Forwomen,thismeanthaving33friends;formen,thenumberwas49.Dr.Tunneysaid,“Peoplewhowereextremelysatisfiedwiththeirliveshadtwicethenumberoffriendsofpeoplewhowereextremelydissatisfied.”Womentendedtohavefewerfriendsthanmenbutformedtighterrelationships.Interestingly,thestudyfoundthatchildhoodfriendsarenomorelikelytomakeushappythanpeoplewebeeclosetolaterinlife.Lotterywinners,however,haveadifferentopiniononlife.Theyarealwayshappierthanothersdespitespendingtheirtimewithasmallcircleofoldfriends.Thiscouldbebecausetheytrustpeoplethey’veknownforalongtime.12.What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheSecrettoHappinessIstoMakeNewFriendsB.HavingatLeast10GoodFriendsMakesPeopleHappyC.WhyMostPeopleLiketoMakeFriendsRegularlyD.Men’sandWomen’sFriendsAreDifferent13.WhichofthefollowingopinionsmayRichardTunneyNOTagreewith?A.Peoplewithfewfriendsaresuretobeunhappy.B.Ourfriendscanmakeushappy.C.Happinessmayefromagoodmarriagelife.D.Wemaybeehappierifwehavemorefriends.14.Accordingtothepassage,lotterywinners________.A.enjoymakingnewfriendsB.makenewfriendseasilyC.likestayingwitholdfriendsD.havenotimetomakefriends15.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat________.A.it’senoughforonepersontohavetenfriendsB.unhappypeoplemusthavefewfriendsC.childhoodfriendsmakepeoplehappierthanadulthoodonesD.friendshipsplayamajorroleinpeople’slife第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，共12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Betweenschool,homework,sports,yourafterschooljob,andhangingoutwithfriends,itmayfeellikethere’snotimeforhealthyeating.Andwhenyouhavetime,youmaysimplyeatsnackslikepotatochips._____16_____Infact,ifyouhaveabusyschedule,it’sevenmoreimportanttoeathealthyfoodsthatgiveyoutheenergyyouneedtokeepgoing.___17___Forexample,youmayfeelhungryinalongafternoonofclassesorduringyourswimmeet.Knowinghowmuchfoodyourbodyneedstosatisfythishungerisimportant.Afewwalnuts(核桃)aregreatbrainfoodbeforesittingdowntodoyourmathhomework.____18____Healthysnackingisimportanttoyou.Duringteenageyears,thebodyneedsmorenutrientstogrow.Snacksareagreatwaytosatisfyyourhungerandgetallnutrientsyourbodyneeds._____19_____Donoteatfoodswithlotsofaddedsugarslikecandybarsorsoda.That’sbecauseeatingthesefoodsmayhelpyoustopfeelinghungryforamoment,buttheyarebadforyourhealthinthelongterm.Choosinghealthysnacksmeansshoppingsmart._____20_____Wemayfind“allnatural”onthesideofapackagebutitdoesn’tnecessarilymeanit’snutritious.Forexample,“allnatural”juicedrinkscanbefilledwithsugar,whichmeansthey’llmakeyoufateasilyandgiveyoulittlenutrition.A.It’snaturaltofeelhungryatcertaintimes.B.Healthysnackingdoesn’thavetobeboring.CButyouneedtopayattentiontowhatyoueat.D.Ifyou’rereallyfeelinghungry,don’tpaynoattentiontoit.E.Butitispossibletotreatyourselftoahealthysnack.F.Butawholebagonlymakesyouputonweighteasily!G.Becarefulofthehealthinformationonfoodpackages.第三部分：语言运用(共二节;满分30分)第一节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IgrewupinaculturewithadelicioustraditionbakinglotsofdifferenttypesofcookiesatChristmas.Webakedfordaystofillcookietinsonourkitchenshelf,andtofillboxeswithcookiesto____21____tofamilies,friendsandneighbors.Ihaveafriendfromadifferent____22____background,whoalsolovescookingandbaking.WhensheheardthatIwasplanningabakingday,shewas____23____andtalkedmeintopromisingtoteachherhowtobakemyChristmascookies.____24____,itwasthebakingday.Wealreadyimaginedthebeautifulandtasty____25____thatwewouldproudlydelivertoourfamilies,friendsandneighbors!However,bakingwithmyfriendgotofftoaslowstart,becausethetechniquesandskillsthatI’dusedcountlesstimeswerenewand____26____tomyfriend.Onmyown,I’dhavedoneitquicklyandcorrectly.Butbymidday,Icouldfeelmy____27____rising.Teachingmyfriendhadputuswellbehind____28____.Therewas,ofcourse,asolution:Icould____29____andjustletherwatch.ButIhad____30____thatIwouldteachher.So,wedecidedto____31____thevarietyofcookiesandbakeonlythesimplerversions.Attheendofthesecondday,wehad20beautifulgiftboxesofmouthwateringcookies.Myfriendwaseagertogethomeandsharethe____32____ofherhardworkwithherfamily.Seeinghowproudshewas,IwasdoublygladthatIdidn’tactonmythoughttodoeverythingmyselfjustbecauseitwouldbe____33____.Inthatcase,shewouldhavenotonlymissedanopportunityto____34____,butalsolostachancetoexperiencethenewfound____35____andtheprideshefeltathavingachievedsomethingnew.21.A.deliver B.remend C.sell D.contribute22.A.professional B.educational C.cultural D.external23.A.confused B.worried C.frightened D.interested24.A.Eventually B.Definitely C.Originally D.Actually25.A.diet B.treats C.candies D.bread26.A.shallow B.amazing C.effective D.difficult27.A.amazement B.concern C.fort D.inspiration28.A.workshop B.routine C.schedule D.spot29.A.takeover B.stickto C.riseto D.backdown30.A.proposed B.promised C.proved D.argued31.A.increase B.enlarge C.improve D.reduce32.A.prizes B.materials C.fruits D.honors33.A.better B.faster C.easier D.more34.A.struggle B.perform C.taste D.learn35.A.confidence B.creativity C.talent D.independence第二节：(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AteenagegirlcalledJenniferfaintedyesterdayatschoolafter____36____(skip)meals.Shemissedbreakfastthatdayandhardlytouchedherdinnerthenightsbefore.She____37____(struggle)witheatingproblemsforthelastfewmonths.Hercaseisa____38____(remind)ofthedangersoftheunhealthyweightlosshabits.Inasociety____39____beingthinisoftenseenasbeingbeautiful,teenagerssometimesturntoextrememethods____40____(slim)downquickly.Accordingtoasurveyofseniorhighschoolstudent’slifestyles,almostonefifthofteenagersregularlyskipmealsandfourpercentevertakeweightlosspills.Healthexperts____41____(concern)aboutthesefigures.Theypointoutthatitisnormalforteenagerstobeslightlyoverweight.____42____,forthosewhoaredangerouslyoverweight,itisveryimportantthattheytrytoloseweightproperly.Theystronglyencourageallteenagerstohave____43____healthydiet,keepregularhoursandgetplentyofexercisetostay____44____(energy).Afterall,livingwellisthe_____45_____(safe)andmosteffectivewaytogetintoshape.第四部分：写作(共二节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.作为一名高中生，你父母一定做过许多令你感动的事，请以“TheMostTouchingThing”为标题，叙述你父亲或母亲做过的最令你感动的一件事。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.标题已为你写好，不计入总词数。4.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。TheMostTouchingThing____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47读后续写Aliandhisyoungersister,Zahra,livedwiththeirparentsinapoorneighborhood.Theirmotherwasverysickandtheirfatherwasstrugglingtofindajob,andtheyhadonlyalittlemoneywithwhichtobuyfood.Astheyhadnotpaidtherentforseveralmonths,thelandlordwasbreathingdowntheirnecks.Oneday,AlitookZahra'sshoestoashoerepairmantobefixed,buthelostthemonthewayhome.Itwasn’tuntilhegothomethatherealizedhehadlosttheshoes.Hewasafr