Unit2BridgingCulturesDiscoveringusefulstructures语法课件-高中英语人教版选择性

Period5Expressyouropinionsonstudyingabroad

Unit2BridgingCulturesdiscoveringusefulstructure什么是主语从句

在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句是主语从句。它是名词性从句之一，使用陈述句语序。

引导的连接词有从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。引导主语从句的从属连词有：that、whether、if引导主语从句的连接代词有：who、whoever、whom、whose、what、whatever、which、whichever引导主语从句的连接副词有：when、where、how、whySummary主语从句复合句中用作主语的从句叫作主语从句含义注意语序问题:陈述语序(主语+谓语)主谓一致问题it作形式主语的句型：It+be+形容词+that从句It+be+名词(词组)+that从句It+be+过去分词+that从句It+不及物动词(短语)+that从句“缺什么补什么”原则缺主语，指人用____，指物用_____缺宾语，指人用______

_，指物用____缺时间状语用______；地点状语用______；原因状语用_____；方式状语用_____；定语用____________；什么都不缺用_______，缺“是否”_______whowhatwho/whomwhatwhenwherewhyhowwhich/whose

主语从句的连接词thatwhether探寻规律1：

主语从句

主谓一致

问题1.Whetherthepatientwillbetaken

______unknown.2.Whenandwherethepatientwillbetaken_____unknown.3.Whenthetaskcanbefinishedandwhetherhecanhavearest_____unknown.4.Whathewantsmost____stayingwithhisfamily.

Whattheyneed_______masks(口罩).is单个从句做主语，谓语大多数使用_______(单数？复数？)单数由两个连接词引导同一个主从，谓动使用____(单数？复数？)单数主语为and连接的两个主从时，谓动使用____(单数？复数？)复数what在主从中做宾语时，谓语的单复数取决它后面的表语。areisareis陈述语序陈述语序★主语从句一律用__________即主语在前，谓语在后。陈述语序Summary表语从句复合句中用作表语的从句叫作表语从句含义whether一般不能用if替换其他连接词：asthough/if,because从属连词、连接代词、连接副词连接词注意特殊句式asif/though引导的表语从句的语气asif/though

虚拟语气的用法与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反从句谓动：一般过去时（be只能用were)从句谓动：过去完成时（haddone)从句谓动：would/could/might+动原表语从句中的特殊句式①Thereasonwhy...is/was

that.........的原因是......②This/That/Itisbecause...这/那是因为......③This/That/Itiswhy...这/那就是......的原因AttributiveClause（定语从句）NounClause(名词性从句)AdverbialClause（状语从句）主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句主从复合句Contents1234宾语从句的定义宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的时态it作形式宾语5总结

Iknowhim.2.Iknowthathelikesmaths.主语谓语宾语（简单句）主语谓语从句主语连词?什么是宾语从句？宾语从句的结构是什么？宾语从句从句谓语从句宾语Task1ObserveandfindouttheObjectsinthefollowingsentences.Step2Studytherules主语+谓语+连词（引导词）+宾语从句Task1Readthefollowingsentencesandtrytounderlinetheobjectclauses.Conclusion:宾语从句多位于_____________的后面。及物动词或介词

Wewonderhowweshalldo.Idon’tknowthatitcanbefake.Iworryaboutwhetherhecanpasstheexam.Payattentiontowhatthedoctorsaid.Step2Studytherules从属连词that,whether,if等只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何成分连接代词what,who,whom,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等连接副词when,where,why,how等在从句中作状语2.宾语从句的引导词怎样选择引导词？1.连接词that在宾语从句中不充当成分，没有词义，通常可以省略。

Wethink（that）hewillhelpus.2.连接词if/whether在宾语从句中不充当成分，意为“是否”，whether,if可以互换

Iwonderwhether/ifitistrue.Sheaskedif/whetheritisenough.

2.1从属连词that引导宾语从句时，下列情况下that不能省略：①

动词后有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的that不可省略。Hesaid(that)thebookwasveryinterestingandthat

allthechildrenliketoreadit.②

在it作形式宾语时，that引导宾语从句中的that大多不可省略，即：主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句Wemadeitclearthatwewouldnotgivein.只能用whether，不能用if的情况

在介词后面

在动词不定式前（whethertodosth）

当与ornot连用时1.Idon’tknow

itistrueornot.2.Ican’tdecide

toaccepthisinvitation.3.Iworryabout

Ihurtherfeelings.4.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.whetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if2.2/2.3连接代词/连接副词连接代词：连接副词：who,whom,whose,which,whatwhere,how,why,when以上连接词引导宾语从句，在从句中充当成分，具有一定的意义，不能省略。（主、宾、表、定语）（状语）(根据句意判断)1.Idon’tknow

answerIshouldchoose.2.Theteacherasked

couldanswerthequestion.3.Iwonder

wewillhaveameeting.whichwhowhen1.当主句是一般现在时，宾从根据实际情况使用任何时态。Theheadmasterhopesthateverything

(go)well.Idon’tthinkit

(rain)tomorrow.2.当主句是一般过去时，宾从用过去的某种时态。Hesaidthathe

(be)worriedabouthisson.3.当从句表示的是一个客观真理或者不变的事实时，宾从用一般现在时。Theteachertoldusthatlight

(travel)fasterthansound.goeswillrainwastravels3.宾语从句的时态主过从过，主现从任，客观一般Yesterday,hesaidthathe

(finish)hishomework.hadfinishedTheradiosaysit_______(be)cloudytomorrow.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______(go)well.Iheardthey____________(return)italready.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)

willbe

goes

hadreturnedrises

PracticeFillintheproperformofthewordsgiven当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句______，而用it作为形式主语置于句首。it也可作形式宾语。

1._____ishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillholdoursportsmeeting.2.Wefind_______necessarythatwepractisespokenEnglisheveryday.Ihavemade_______arulethatIkeepadiaryeveryday.4.It作形式主语/宾语Itit总结归纳：后置it作形式宾语句型:主语+vt.（find/feel/think/consider/make/believe）+it+宾补(形容词和名词)+that/wh-…;it回顾与总结:引导词从属连词→连接代词→连接副词→语序时态主句—过去时→主句—现在时→---陈述句语序That/if/whetherwho,whom,whose,what,which，等（只能用whether的情况）When，where，how,why（从句的构成：主语+谓语+连词（引导词）+宾语从句）从句—

任何时态从句—

过去类时态宾语从句的三要素从句—客观事实，格言，谚语→

一般现在时WhatThatwhereWhether/Whenwhowhether/ifthat主语从句，what作has的宾语主语从句，that不作成分宾语从句，where作状语主语从句，whether表是否，when作状语宾语从句，who作主语宾语从句，whether/if表是否同位语从句，that不作成分ObserveandDiscoverIhavenoidea

when

hewillgetmarried.how

theycangetthetreasure.where

theconcertwillbeheld.who

isfitforthework.why

ithappened.which

penismine.what

weshoulddonext.whom

theyaretalkingabout.whether

it’llraintomorrow.that

ourfootballteamwonthegame.

AppositiveClause1.Iheardthenewsthatwewouldhavetwodaysoffthisweek.2.Thereissomedoubtwhetherheisfitforthejob.3.Thequestionwhatweshoulddonextisnotclear.4.Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.5.Shemadearequestthatweshouldhelpher.

Rule1在复合句中，同位语从句跟在_______词后面，并对其进行_______________,即该从句在复合句中充当__________语，意为“即......”。名解释说明同位thatwhetherwhohow事实消息想法真相希望问题信息信念思想怀疑承诺问题

Rule2同位语从句的引导词UsageofitsConjuctions引导词的使用从属连词连接代