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1Lecture01EnglishWriting启航21.测试形式A节:
考生根据所给情景写出约100词(标点符号不计算在内)的应用性短文,包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等,共10分。考试时间15分钟。B节:
考生根据提示信息写出一篇160~200词的短文(标点符号不计算在内)。提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等,共20分。考试时间35分钟。2.测试题型A节:私人信函:写给朋友或同学的信函公务信函:邀请信、感谢信、道歉信、祝贺信、介绍信、申请信、建议信、投诉信、咨询信等等,正式文体备忘录:上级对下级或同级之间的信函报告:下级对上级的正式信函告示:用于公布即将或已经发生的事,包括通知、通告、启示等B节:论说文:1.图画或图表描述;2.意义阐释;3.归纳结论或建议措施33.测试要求语言结构内容4语言基本正确语言错误:语法、拼写、标点语法错误:时态、冠词、主谓一致2.丰富多变词汇句型564.评分标准1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确,用词恰当;2)遵循文章的特定文体格式;3)合理组织文章结构,使其内容统一、连贯;4)根据写作目的和特定读者,恰当选用语域。7作文时间分配考试时间14:00—17:00写作A:14:00—14:15写作B:14:15—14:50A节:应用文写作辞职信LetterofResignation请求信LetterofRequest建议信LetterofAdvice求职信CoverLetterofJobApplication道歉信LetterofApology感谢信LetterofThanks申请信ApplicationLetter投诉信LetterofComplaint询问信LetterofInquiry邀请信InvitationLetter祝贺信CongratulationLetter推荐信LetterofRecommendation备忘录Memo/Memorandum便笺Note告示/通知Notice/Announcement8A节:应用文写作写作格式:齐头式缩进式书信类应用文格式:称呼正文结束语签名LiMing9称呼称呼使用的两种情况写给机构不认识负责人:DearSirorMadam,ToWhomItMayConcern,认识负责人:DearMr.President,DearMr.(Michael)Wang,(使用全名或姓)写给个人关系不亲密:DearMr.President,DearMr.(Michael)Wang,(使用全名或姓)DearMichael,(直呼其名)10常见称呼Mr.用于男性Ms.用于女性Dr./Prof.用于学术界Hon.(Honorable)用于市长、议员、大使、法官等的姓名前Pres.(President)用于称呼董事长、总经理、大学校长、会长等Rev.(Reverend)用于称呼牧师Editor编辑DearSirorMadam,用于不知收信人姓名时ToWhomItMayConcern,用于不知收信人姓名时11正文一般包括三部分内容写应用文的原因要告诉的事情有关的建议、希望或要求等12结束语Truly/Sincerelyyours,Yourstruly/sincerely,Yours,13应用文模板辞职信LetterofResignation提出辞职说明原因,表示遗憾或感谢期盼回复14模板1 Dear
, Iamwritingtoinformyouaboutthedecisiontoresignfrommycurrentposition.Thereareafewfactorsinvolved. Firstandforemost,
.Secondly,
.Lastbutnotleast,
. (IwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmygratitudefortherewardingexperiencethatIhaveenjoyedduringmyemployment.) Isincerelywishyoucouldapproveofmyresignation,andIapologizeinadvanceforanyinconveniencethuscaused. Yourssincerely,LiMing15模板2 Dear
, IamsureitwillcomeasnosurprisethatIwishtoresignmypositionas
.ThoughIhaveenjoyedworkingwithyouandothercolleaguesinthecompany/organization,thereareafewreasonsthatforcemetogiveupmycurrentwork. Foronething,
.Foranother,
.(Moreover/Besides/Inaddition,
.) Iappreciatetheplentyofhelpandencouragementfromyouconstantly,andIamverysorryforanyinconveniencethuscaused.IpromisethatIwillstaythroughthenextmonthtohelpyoufindareplacementformyposition. Yourssincerely, LiMing162005年真题 Directions: TwomonthsagoyougotajobasaneditorforthemagazineDesigns&Fashions.Butnowyoufindthattheworkisnotwhatyouexpected.Youdecidetoquit.Writealettertoyourboss,Mr.Wang,tellinghimyourdecision,statingyourreason(s),andmakinganapology. Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing”instead. Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)17
DearMr.Wang,
Iamwritingtoinformyouaboutmydecisiontoresignfrommycurrentposition.
Theprimaryreasonsareasfollows.First,aftertwomonths,Idofeelthatitisnoteasyformetogetusedtotheextraworkandnightshift.Second,thesalaryhasproventobemuchlowerthanyouoriginallypromised,andIhavealargefamilytosupport.Last,whatIhavelearnedintheuniversitycannotmeettherequirementofbeinganeditor.
IfeelterriblysorryfortheinconvenienceIhavecaused.Isincerelyhopethatyouapproveofmyresignation.Yourssincerely, LiMing18请求信LetterofRequest介绍自己、提出请求说明原因及其他事项表达谢意、期盼答复19模板1 Dear
, Iam
.I’dliketoaskifyouhave
/canprovidemewiththeinformationof
.Thereasonsformyurgentneedof
areasfollows:1)
;2);3)
. Therefore,Iwillbemuchobligedifyoucanhelpme
.Pleasefeelfreetocallmeat
forfurtherquestions. Thankyouforyourtimeandpatience,andIlookforwardtoyourpromptreply. Yourssincerely, LiMing20模板2 Dear
, Mynameis
,andIam
.Ihavemadeupmymindtowritetoyouinthehopethatyoucanfurnishmewiththeinformationregarding
. AtpresentIampreparing/doing
,andaminlackof
thatiscrucialforthework/project/program.Therefore,itwouldbeofgreathelpifIcanhaveyourhelpfor
.PleasegetbacktomeatyourearliestconvenienceasIhaveto
soon. Iamprayingforyourreplywithfullappreciation. Yourssincerely, LiMing212006年真题 YouwanttocontributetoProjectHopebyofferingfinancialaidtoachildinaremotearea.Writealettertothedepartmentconcerned,askingthemtohelpfindacandidate.Youshouldspecifywhatkindofchildyouwanttohelpandhowyouwillcarryoutyourplan. Writeyourletterinnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing”instead. Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)22
ToWhomItMayConcern, Asastudentwhocansupportmyself,IamwritingtorequestifyoucanhelpmefindapotentialbeneficiaryofProjectHope.
Iwonderwhetheritisconvenientforyouiftwothingsregardingthechildaretakenintoaccount.First,thechildshouldcomefromSichuanProvincebecauseIintendtohelpachildfrommyhometown.Second,itwillbebetterifheorsheisaprimaryschoolstudentwhowasforcedtodropschoolbecauseofabjectpoverty.
Iwouldliketohelptherecipientofmyassistanceannuallyuntilhegraduatesfromcollege.First,themoneywillcoverhistuitionfeeandotherexpensesatschool.Besides,Iwillcorrespondwithhimfrequentlysothathecanseekadvicewheneverheneeds.Yourpromptattentiontomyinquirywouldbehighlyappreciated.Yourssincerely, LiMing23建议信LetterofAdvice自我介绍、说明目的委婉提出建议及改进措施,或提出忠告礼貌总结或期盼回复24模板1 Dear
, Iamverygladtohearthatyouwanttoseeksomesuggestionsabout
inorderto
. Frommypointofview,
.Also,toyou,Ihighlyrecommendthat
.Ontheonehand,
.Ontheotherhand,
.Then,itisunnecessaryforyouto.Consequently,Ibelievethat
. Ihopethatmyopinionsareofhelptoyou,andpleasefeelfreetocontactmeformorequestions. Yourssincerely, LiMing25模板2 Dear
, Iamwritingtoexpressmyviewsconcerning
.Inthefirstplace,Iwouldliketosaythankyouforthehelpandeverythingelseyouhavebeenofferingtous.Meanwhile,Ialsowanttomakesomeadvicetobetter
. First,wehavefoundthat
.Second,wewantto
.Finally,wehopethat
. Iamlookingforwardtoyourconsiderationaboutmyproposals.Thanksinadvanceforthat. Yourssincerely, LiMing262007年真题 Writealettertoyouruniversitylibrary,makingsuggestionsforimprovingitsservice. Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead. Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)27
DearSirorMadam, Asastudentfromouruniversity,Iwouldliketoexpressmysinceregratitudetoyouforthehelpyourenderme.Iamwritingtheletterinpurposeofofferingsomesuggestionstobetterourlibrary’sservice.
First,therearealwayscrowdsofusawaitinghelpinalongqueue.Wearelongingformoreefficientandfastservice.Second,wewanttogetonlinetofindoutwhetherthereisthebookwewantbeforehandtosaveourtime.Last,wehavefoundthatmostbooksandequipmentinthelibraryarealreadyveryoldandcracking.Wehopewewillhaveupdatedbooksaswellassomemodernlibraryfacilities.
Iamlookingforwardtoyourconsiderationaboutmyproposals.Thanksinadvanceforthat. Yourssincerely, LiMing282009年真题 Restrictionsontheuseofplasticbagshavenotbeensosuccessfulinsomeregions."Whitepollution"isstillgoingon.Writealettertotheeditor(s)ofyourlocalnewspaperto 1)giveyouropinionsbrieflyand 2)maketwoorthreesuggestions Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSHWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead. Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)29
DearEditors,
Ihavebeenreadingyournewspaperformanyyearswithagreatenthusiasmandinterest.Itismyviewthatlimitingtheuseofdisposablebagsisofutmostsignificance.
Tocrackthishardnut,Iwouldliketoproposeseveralpracticalrecommendationsasfollows.Firstandforemost,itisimperativeforustobanthefreeuseofdisposableplasticbags.Inaddition,weshoulddeveloppossiblealternativeformstoreplacethem,suchaspaperorclothingbags.Last,plasticbagsshouldbeofferedinamuchhigherpriceindepartmentstoresorsupermarkets.
IhopeyouwillfindtheaboveproposalsconduciveandIwouldliketodiscussthismattertofurtherdetails.Yourpromptattentiontomysuggestionswouldbehighlyappreciated. Yourssincerely, LiMing30B节:短文写作三段论结构:描绘图画说明意图分析评论31框架结构IntroductionGeneraldescriptionDetailsCaptionBodyTopicsentence:symbolicmeaningsArgument
1)五大角度:background,facts,others’opinions,reasons,consequence 2)六种手段:causeandeffect,classification,definition,illustration,quotation,comparisonandcontrast 3)联系现实Conclusion:concludingsentence+suggestions+futureexpectation/endingdecoration3233
typesofwritingdescriptionnarrationexpositionargumentation印象原则看字数,看是否三段论看三段内容看语言3435作文时间分配第一步审题:努力找到题目中的关键词和短语第二步构思:确定观点,以及拓展观点第三步提纲:经典三段式引言段(50字)图画描述主体段(100字)意义阐释结论段(50字)建议措施或结论归纳
A:2分钟B:3分钟36第四步写作:严格按照提纲结构行文,写的时候注意(1)多使用同义词或同义表达方式替换避免词汇的过度重复; (2)如何使句子结构多样化(简单句,并列句和复杂句的交替使用,适当将句中非谓语结构、介词短语、从句等位置多样;插入语、同位语的运用等等)(优秀句型:倒装句、强调句和虚拟语气)
(3)句子与句子之间衔接词的运用,表示上下文逻辑关系表达方式的使用。注:想的时候不写,写的时候不想。 A:12分钟B:30分钟第五步校对:只对拼写错误和低级的语法错误做修改,保持卷面整洁。 A:1分钟B:2分钟37EffectiveSentencesUnityCoherenceConcisenessEmphasisVariety2016年真题 Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould
1)describethedrawingbriefly,
2)interpretitsintendedmeaning,and
3)giveyourcomments.
YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET(20points)38ThePowerofExample
Theabovetwopicturesrevealtwofather’sdifferentteachingmethods.Inthefirstpicture,thefatherisurginghissontostudyhardwhileheissmokingandwatchingTVidly.Inthesecondpicture,thefatherandhissonarebothconcentratingonthestudy.Thecaptionunderthecartoonreads(Bytheannotationweareinformedthat):“Itisbettertosetanexamplethantomakedemands”.
Apparently,theauthorofthecartoonfocusesonthefactthatmanyparents,wheneducatingtheirchildren,tendtoneglecttheimpactoftheirownactsupontheirchildren.Itiswithoutanydoubtthatallparentshopethattheirchildrencouldhaveabrightfuture.Therefore,theytendtocountonschoolsandthesocietytoprovidetheirchildrenwithgoodeducation.However,whattheydon’trealizeisthatparentsarethefirstteachersofchildren.Parentsfailingtosetarolemodelfortheirchildrenwillonlyresultinanunhealthyfamilyatmosphere,whichisdefinitelyharmfultothefuturedevelopmentoftheirchildren.
Fromtheprecedingdiscussion,itisreadilyapparentthat,educationfromparentsisofvitalimportancetoachild’shealthygrowth.Therefore,parentsshouldprovidetheirchildrenwithafavorablegrowingenvironmentbybeingapositiverolemodel.Onlythroughpersistenteffortsandproperguidancecanchildrenenjoyabrightfuture.ThePowerofExample
Asisvividlydepictedinthefirstpicture,(Asisshowninthefirstportrayal,)thereisafatherwatchingTVandaskinghissontostudyhard,withhissonbeingunabletoconcentrateonhisstudy.Thesecondpictureportraysthatthesonandthefatherarestudyinghardtogether.Atthelowerpartofthepictureisacaptionwhichimplies(Belowthedrawing,thereisacaptionwhichsays)thatitiswiseforparentstosetagoodexamplefortheirchildrenbyactionratherthanbywords. Theauthorofthedrawingaimsatremindingusofthevalueofagoodexamplebyparents.(Thepicturevividlydemonstratesthevalueofagoodexamplebyparents.)
Firstandforemost,examplesspeaklouderthanwords,foritiswidelyacceptedthatanexampleenableseachpersontotransformhisorheraspirationsfromastateofpotentialityintoreality.Toputitanotherway,(Inotherwords/Thatistosay),parents’exampleenablestheirchildrentoimprovethemselves,sotheycanbequalifiedforthefuturejob,bereadyfortheforthcominglife,andtheyarelikelytoachievemorefulfillment.Furthermore,accordingtoalatestsurveyconductedbyanauthorityontheInternet,themajorityofpeopleinterviewedanswerthatparents’actionproducesmorepositiveinfluenceonthegrowthoftheirchildrenthanoralrequirementsdo. Hence/Tosumup,(Itiseasytodrawthisconclusionthat)itisvitalforustoderivepositiveimplicationsfromtheabovepictures.Foronething,weshouldfrequentlyuseittoenlightenyoungparents.Foranother,weshouldcultivatetheawarenessofparentsthatpersonalexamplesareveryvitaltochildren’sgrowth.Onlybydoingsocanchildrengrowsoundinbodyandmind.Assignments YouhaveworkedinaNon-GovernmentalOrganizationforseveralyears,butnowyouneedtoquitthejobbecauseyouaremovingtoanothercitywithyourfamily.WritealettertoyourbossMr.Smithtotellhimyourdecisionandthereason,andyourappreciationfortheworkexperienceinthisagency. Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead. Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)46 Youfindthatacourseyouaretakingistoodifficultforyou.Writealettertothedeantorequestachangeofthecourse.Explainyoursituationandreasons. Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“L
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