English Writing英语写作课件

1Lecture01EnglishWriting启航21.测试形式A节:

考生根据所给情景写出约100词（标点符号不计算在内）的应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，共10分。考试时间15分钟。B节:

考生根据提示信息写出一篇160~200词的短文（标点符号不计算在内）。提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等，共20分。考试时间35分钟。2.测试题型A节:私人信函：写给朋友或同学的信函公务信函：邀请信、感谢信、道歉信、祝贺信、介绍信、申请信、建议信、投诉信、咨询信等等，正式文体备忘录：上级对下级或同级之间的信函报告：下级对上级的正式信函告示：用于公布即将或已经发生的事，包括通知、通告、启示等B节:论说文：1.图画或图表描述；2.意义阐释；3.归纳结论或建议措施33.测试要求语言结构内容4语言基本正确语言错误：语法、拼写、标点语法错误：时态、冠词、主谓一致2.丰富多变词汇句型564.评分标准1）做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当；2）遵循文章的特定文体格式；3）合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯；4）根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当选用语域。7作文时间分配考试时间14:00—17:00写作A：14:00—14:15写作B：14:15—14:50A节：应用文写作辞职信LetterofResignation请求信LetterofRequest建议信LetterofAdvice求职信CoverLetterofJobApplication道歉信LetterofApology感谢信LetterofThanks申请信ApplicationLetter投诉信LetterofComplaint询问信LetterofInquiry邀请信InvitationLetter祝贺信CongratulationLetter推荐信LetterofRecommendation备忘录Memo/Memorandum便笺Note告示/通知Notice/Announcement8A节：应用文写作写作格式：齐头式缩进式书信类应用文格式：称呼正文结束语签名LiMing9称呼称呼使用的两种情况写给机构不认识负责人：DearSirorMadam,ToWhomItMayConcern,认识负责人：DearMr.President,DearMr.(Michael)Wang,（使用全名或姓）写给个人关系不亲密：DearMr.President,DearMr.(Michael)Wang,（使用全名或姓）DearMichael,（直呼其名）10常见称呼Mr.用于男性Ms.用于女性Dr./Prof.用于学术界Hon.(Honorable)用于市长、议员、大使、法官等的姓名前Pres.(President)用于称呼董事长、总经理、大学校长、会长等Rev.(Reverend)用于称呼牧师Editor编辑DearSirorMadam,用于不知收信人姓名时ToWhomItMayConcern,用于不知收信人姓名时11正文一般包括三部分内容写应用文的原因要告诉的事情有关的建议、希望或要求等12结束语Truly/Sincerelyyours,Yourstruly/sincerely,Yours,13应用文模板辞职信LetterofResignation提出辞职说明原因，表示遗憾或感谢期盼回复14模板1 Dear

, Iamwritingtoinformyouaboutthedecisiontoresignfrommycurrentposition.Thereareafewfactorsinvolved. Firstandforemost,

.Secondly,

.Lastbutnotleast,

. (IwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmygratitudefortherewardingexperiencethatIhaveenjoyedduringmyemployment.) Isincerelywishyoucouldapproveofmyresignation,andIapologizeinadvanceforanyinconveniencethuscaused. Yourssincerely，LiMing15模板2 Dear

, IamsureitwillcomeasnosurprisethatIwishtoresignmypositionas

.ThoughIhaveenjoyedworkingwithyouandothercolleaguesinthecompany/organization,thereareafewreasonsthatforcemetogiveupmycurrentwork. Foronething,

.Foranother,

.(Moreover/Besides/Inaddition,

.) Iappreciatetheplentyofhelpandencouragementfromyouconstantly,andIamverysorryforanyinconveniencethuscaused.IpromisethatIwillstaythroughthenextmonthtohelpyoufindareplacementformyposition. Yourssincerely, LiMing162005年真题 Directions: TwomonthsagoyougotajobasaneditorforthemagazineDesigns&Fashions.Butnowyoufindthattheworkisnotwhatyouexpected.Youdecidetoquit.Writealettertoyourboss,Mr.Wang,tellinghimyourdecision,statingyourreason(s),andmakinganapology. Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing”instead. Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)17

DearMr.Wang,

Iamwritingtoinformyouaboutmydecisiontoresignfrommycurrentposition.

Theprimaryreasonsareasfollows.First,aftertwomonths,Idofeelthatitisnoteasyformetogetusedtotheextraworkandnightshift.Second,thesalaryhasproventobemuchlowerthanyouoriginallypromised,andIhavealargefamilytosupport.Last,whatIhavelearnedintheuniversitycannotmeettherequirementofbeinganeditor.

IfeelterriblysorryfortheinconvenienceIhavecaused.Isincerelyhopethatyouapproveofmyresignation.Yourssincerely, LiMing18请求信LetterofRequest介绍自己、提出请求说明原因及其他事项表达谢意、期盼答复19模板1 Dear

, Iam

.I’dliketoaskifyouhave

/canprovidemewiththeinformationof

.Thereasonsformyurgentneedof

areasfollows:1)

;2);3)

. Therefore,Iwillbemuchobligedifyoucanhelpme

.Pleasefeelfreetocallmeat

forfurtherquestions. Thankyouforyourtimeandpatience,andIlookforwardtoyourpromptreply. Yourssincerely， LiMing20模板2 Dear

, Mynameis

,andIam

.Ihavemadeupmymindtowritetoyouinthehopethatyoucanfurnishmewiththeinformationregarding

. AtpresentIampreparing/doing

,andaminlackof

thatiscrucialforthework/project/program.Therefore,itwouldbeofgreathelpifIcanhaveyourhelpfor

.PleasegetbacktomeatyourearliestconvenienceasIhaveto

soon. Iamprayingforyourreplywithfullappreciation. Yourssincerely, LiMing212006年真题 YouwanttocontributetoProjectHopebyofferingfinancialaidtoachildinaremotearea.Writealettertothedepartmentconcerned,askingthemtohelpfindacandidate.Youshouldspecifywhatkindofchildyouwanttohelpandhowyouwillcarryoutyourplan. Writeyourletterinnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonANSWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“LiMing”instead. Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)22

ToWhomItMayConcern, Asastudentwhocansupportmyself,IamwritingtorequestifyoucanhelpmefindapotentialbeneficiaryofProjectHope.

Iwonderwhetheritisconvenientforyouiftwothingsregardingthechildaretakenintoaccount.First,thechildshouldcomefromSichuanProvincebecauseIintendtohelpachildfrommyhometown.Second,itwillbebetterifheorsheisaprimaryschoolstudentwhowasforcedtodropschoolbecauseofabjectpoverty.

Iwouldliketohelptherecipientofmyassistanceannuallyuntilhegraduatesfromcollege.First,themoneywillcoverhistuitionfeeandotherexpensesatschool.Besides,Iwillcorrespondwithhimfrequentlysothathecanseekadvicewheneverheneeds.Yourpromptattentiontomyinquirywouldbehighlyappreciated.Yourssincerely， LiMing23建议信LetterofAdvice自我介绍、说明目的委婉提出建议及改进措施，或提出忠告礼貌总结或期盼回复24模板1 Dear

, Iamverygladtohearthatyouwanttoseeksomesuggestionsabout

inorderto

. Frommypointofview,

.Also,toyou,Ihighlyrecommendthat

.Ontheonehand,

.Ontheotherhand,

.Then,itisunnecessaryforyouto.Consequently,Ibelievethat

. Ihopethatmyopinionsareofhelptoyou,andpleasefeelfreetocontactmeformorequestions. Yourssincerely， LiMing25模板2 Dear

, Iamwritingtoexpressmyviewsconcerning

.Inthefirstplace,Iwouldliketosaythankyouforthehelpandeverythingelseyouhavebeenofferingtous.Meanwhile,Ialsowanttomakesomeadvicetobetter

. First,wehavefoundthat

.Second,wewantto

.Finally,wehopethat

. Iamlookingforwardtoyourconsiderationaboutmyproposals.Thanksinadvanceforthat. Yourssincerely, LiMing262007年真题 Writealettertoyouruniversitylibrary,makingsuggestionsforimprovingitsservice. Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead. Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)27

DearSirorMadam, Asastudentfromouruniversity,Iwouldliketoexpressmysinceregratitudetoyouforthehelpyourenderme.Iamwritingtheletterinpurposeofofferingsomesuggestionstobetterourlibrary’sservice.

First,therearealwayscrowdsofusawaitinghelpinalongqueue.Wearelongingformoreefficientandfastservice.Second,wewanttogetonlinetofindoutwhetherthereisthebookwewantbeforehandtosaveourtime.Last,wehavefoundthatmostbooksandequipmentinthelibraryarealreadyveryoldandcracking.Wehopewewillhaveupdatedbooksaswellassomemodernlibraryfacilities.

Iamlookingforwardtoyourconsiderationaboutmyproposals.Thanksinadvanceforthat. Yourssincerely, LiMing282009年真题 Restrictionsontheuseofplasticbagshavenotbeensosuccessfulinsomeregions."Whitepollution"isstillgoingon.Writealettertotheeditor(s)ofyourlocalnewspaperto 1)giveyouropinionsbrieflyand 2)maketwoorthreesuggestions Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSHWERSHEET2. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead. Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.(10points)29

DearEditors,

Ihavebeenreadingyournewspaperformanyyearswithagreatenthusiasmandinterest.Itismyviewthatlimitingtheuseofdisposablebagsisofutmostsignificance.

Tocrackthishardnut,Iwouldliketoproposeseveralpracticalrecommendationsasfollows.Firstandforemost,itisimperativeforustobanthefreeuseofdisposableplasticbags.Inaddition,weshoulddeveloppossiblealternativeformstoreplacethem,suchaspaperorclothingbags.Last,plasticbagsshouldbeofferedinamuchhigherpriceindepartmentstoresorsupermarkets.

IhopeyouwillfindtheaboveproposalsconduciveandIwouldliketodiscussthismattertofurtherdetails.Yourpromptattentiontomysuggestionswouldbehighlyappreciated. Yourssincerely, LiMing30B节：短文写作三段论结构：描绘图画说明意图分析评论31框架结构IntroductionGeneraldescriptionDetailsCaptionBodyTopicsentence:symbolicmeaningsArgument

1)五大角度：background,facts,others’opinions,reasons,consequence 2)六种手段：causeandeffect,classification,definition,illustration,quotation,comparisonandcontrast 3)联系现实Conclusion：concludingsentence+suggestions+futureexpectation/endingdecoration3233

typesofwritingdescriptionnarrationexpositionargumentation印象原则看字数，看是否三段论看三段内容看语言3435作文时间分配第一步审题：努力找到题目中的关键词和短语第二步构思：确定观点，以及拓展观点第三步提纲：经典三段式引言段（50字）图画描述主体段（100字）意义阐释结论段（50字）建议措施或结论归纳

A:2分钟B:3分钟36第四步写作：严格按照提纲结构行文，写的时候注意（1）多使用同义词或同义表达方式替换避免词汇的过度重复； （2）如何使句子结构多样化（简单句，并列句和复杂句的交替使用，适当将句中非谓语结构、介词短语、从句等位置多样；插入语、同位语的运用等等）（优秀句型：倒装句、强调句和虚拟语气）

（3）句子与句子之间衔接词的运用，表示上下文逻辑关系表达方式的使用。注：想的时候不写，写的时候不想。 A:12分钟B:30分钟第五步校对：只对拼写错误和低级的语法错误做修改，保持卷面整洁。 A:1分钟B:2分钟37EffectiveSentencesUnityCoherenceConcisenessEmphasisVariety2016年真题 Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould

1)describethedrawingbriefly,

2)interpretitsintendedmeaning,and

3)giveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET(20points)38ThePowerofExample

Theabovetwopicturesrevealtwofather’sdifferentteachingmethods.Inthefirstpicture,thefatherisurginghissontostudyhardwhileheissmokingandwatchingTVidly.Inthesecondpicture,thefatherandhissonarebothconcentratingonthestudy.Thecaptionunderthecartoonreads(Bytheannotationweareinformedthat):“Itisbettertosetanexamplethantomakedemands”.

Apparently,theauthorofthecartoonfocusesonthefactthatmanyparents,wheneducatingtheirchildren,tendtoneglecttheimpactoftheirownactsupontheirchildren.Itiswithoutanydoubtthatallparentshopethattheirchildrencouldhaveabrightfuture.Therefore,theytendtocountonschoolsandthesocietytoprovidetheirchildrenwithgoodeducation.However,whattheydon’trealizeisthatparentsarethefirstteachersofchildren.Parentsfailingtosetarolemodelfortheirchildrenwillonlyresultinanunhealthyfamilyatmosphere,whichisdefinitelyharmfultothefuturedevelopmentoftheirchildren.

Fromtheprecedingdiscussion,itisreadilyapparentthat,educationfromparentsisofvitalimportancetoachild’shealthygrowth.Therefore,parentsshouldprovidetheirchildrenwithafavorablegrowingenvironmentbybeingapositiverolemodel.Onlythroughpersistenteffortsandproperguidancecanchildrenenjoyabrightfuture.ThePowerofExample

Asisvividlydepictedinthefirstpicture,(Asisshowninthefirstportrayal,)thereisafatherwatchingTVandaskinghissontostudyhard,withhissonbeingunabletoconcentrateonhisstudy.Thesecondpictureportraysthatthesonandthefatherarestudyinghardtogether.Atthelowerpartofthepictureisacaptionwhichimplies(Belowthedrawing,thereisacaptionwhichsays)thatitiswiseforparentstosetagoodexamplefortheirchildrenbyactionratherthanbywords. Theauthorofthedrawingaimsatremindingusofthevalueofagoodexamplebyparents.(Thepicturevividlydemonstratesthevalueofagoodexamplebyparents.)

Firstandforemost,examplesspeaklouderthanwords,foritiswidelyacceptedthatanexampleenableseachpersontotransformhisorheraspirationsfromastateofpotentialityintoreality.Toputitanotherway,(Inotherwords/Thatistosay),parents’exampleenablestheirchildrentoimprovethemselves,sotheycanbequalifiedforthefuturejob,bereadyfortheforthcominglife,andtheyarelikelytoachievemorefulfillment.Furthermore,accordingtoalatestsurveyconductedbyanauthorityontheInternet,themajorityofpeopleinterviewedanswerthatparents’actionproducesmorepositiveinfluenceonthegrowthoftheirchildrenthanoralrequirementsdo. Hence/Tosumup,(Itiseasytodrawthisconclusionthat)itisvitalforustoderivepositiveimplicationsfromtheabovepictures.Foronething,weshouldfrequentlyuseittoenlightenyoungparents.Foranother,weshouldcultivatetheawarenessofparentsthatpersonalexamplesareveryvitaltochildren’sgrowth.Onlybydoingsocanchildrengrowsoundinbodyandmind.Assignments YouhaveworkedinaNon-GovernmentalOrganizationforseveralyears,butnowyouneedtoquitthejobbecauseyouaremovingtoanothercitywithyourfamily.WritealettertoyourbossMr.Smithtotellhimyourdecisionandthereason,andyourappreciationfortheworkexperienceinthisagency. Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead. Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)46 Youfindthatacourseyouaretakingistoodifficultforyou.Writealettertothedeantorequestachangeofthecourse.Explainyoursituationandreasons. Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET. Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“L