渠道维护工技师考试

本文格式为Word版下载后可任意编辑和复制第第页渠道维护工技师考试机关事业单位工人技术等级考试试题

简答题名目

1、什么叫浆砌石？它有哪些砌筑要领？···················································10

2、对模板的基本要求有哪些？···························································11

3、什么叫扣件式钢管脚手架？它有哪些特点？·············································11

4、手工除锈有哪几种方式？·····························································11

5、混凝土浇筑前应对模板、钢筋及预埋件进行哪些检查？···································11

6、砌筑前的预备工作一般有哪些内容？···················································11

7、模板安装的程序是怎样的？包括哪些内容？·············································11

8、操作除锈机时应留意哪些内容？·······················································11

9、混凝土搅拌质量如何进行外观检查？···················································11

10、提高推土机生产效率的方法有哪些？··················································11

11、砖石砌筑的基本原则有哪些？························································11

12、定型组合钢模板由哪几部分组成？····················································12

13、钢筋为什么要除锈？································································12

14、搅拌机使用前的检查项目有哪些？····················································12

15、如何对混凝土拌合物进行检查掌握？··················································12

16、简述砖基础检查项目和方法？························································12

17、滑模施工有哪些特点？······························································12

18、拆模应留意哪些内容？······························································12

19、钢筋的现场绑扎的基本程序有哪些？··················································12

20、混凝土工程如何对原材料进行掌握检查？··············································12

21、砖墙面勾缝前，应做哪些预备工作？··················································13

22、滑模系统由哪几部分组成？··························································13

23、点焊时有哪些基本要求？····························································13

24、自卸汽车运输混凝土的平安技术措施有哪些？··········································13

25、墙混凝土的振捣要求有哪些？························································13

26、土石坝的渗透观测项目有哪些？······················································13

27、如何预防土石坝裂缝？······························································13

28、土石坝裂缝处理后如何进行土料回填？················································14

29、渠系建筑物如何进行日常养护？······················································14

30、渠道产生冲刷的缘由有哪些？························································14

31、造成坝身渗漏的主要缘由有哪些？····················································14

32、如何用导渗法处理土石坝的渗漏？····················································14

33、土石坝绕坝渗漏的缘由有哪些？······················································14

34、如何抢护土石坝滑坡？······························································15

35、土石坝护坡破坏的类型及缘由有哪些？················································15

36、什么叫设防水位？··································································15

37、什么叫管涌？······································································15

38、散浸消失的缘由有哪些？····························································15

39、滑坡裂缝与纵向裂缝的区分有哪些？··················································15

40、为了使巡堤查险顺当进行，保证防汛平安，制定严格的制度。一般有哪些工作制度？········15

41、消失洪水漫顶的主要缘由有哪些？····················································16

42、子堤型式有哪几种？································································16

43、堤防日常维护工作的主要内容有哪些？················································161

44、漏洞险情出险缘由有哪些？··························································16

45、防止漫顶的措施有哪些？····························································16

46、土石坝的变形观测的内容有哪些？····················································16

47、土石坝横向裂缝发生的常见部位有哪些？··············································17

48、坝下涵管产生管身断裂和漏水的常见缘由有哪些？······································17

49、堤防中的隐患通常有哪些？··························································17

50、溢洪道的巡察检查主要有哪些内容？··················································17

51、多孔闸门如何进行运行？····························································17

52、启闭机如何进行日常养护？··························································17

53、巡堤查险制度有哪些？······························································17

54、如何用视准线法进行土石坝水平位移观测？············································17

55、土石坝内部裂缝经常发生在哪些部位？················································18

56、化学灌浆的灌浆材料有哪些？························································18

57、水闸的观测项目有哪些？····························································18

58、堤基清理包括哪些内容?····························································18

59、护岸工程水下护脚采纳哪些方法?····················································18

60、什么是抢险？······································································18

61、河道整治的措施有哪些？····························································18

62、修防工作的任务是什么？····························································18

63、防止风浪的抢护方法常用的有哪些？··················································18

64、堤身漏洞抢护原则有哪些？··························································18

65、简述堤防管理主要规定。·····························································18

66、简述脱坡产生的缘由。·······························································18

67、堤坝消失翻砂鼓水应如何抢护？······················································19

68、水利工程中常用的石料有哪几种？····················································19

69、提高推土机生产效率的方法有哪些？··················································19

70、土方压实的目的有哪些？····························································19

71、对土石坝进行的巡察检查应留意以下要求。·············································19

72、土石坝的裂缝有哪些类型？··························································19

73、土石坝渗漏的危害性有哪些？························································19

74、常见的压渗型式有有哪些？··························································19

75、土石坝滑坡有哪些类型？····························································19

76、混凝土坝体散渗或集中渗漏的处理如何处理？··········································19

77、渠道滑坡如何进行处理？····························································19

78、风浪淘刷险情出险缘由有哪些？······················································19

79、子堤型式有哪些？··································································19

80、混凝土及浆砌石坝渗漏类型有哪些？··················································19

81、溢洪道的巡察检查主要有哪些内容？··················································19

82、启闭设备使用前应进行哪些检查？····················································20

83、土工织物的特性有哪些？····························································20

84、隧洞产生气蚀的主要缘由有哪些？····················································20

85、渠道正常运用的要求有哪些？························································20

86、渠道的病害形式有哪些？····························································20

87、漏洞如何进行探测？································································20

88、试述纯土子堰抢护布置、材料、施工要求。·············································20

89、什么是管涌？一般发生在什么部位？其产生缘由是什么？一般实行哪些方法抢护。···········20

2

论述题名目

1、试述浆砌石砌筑工艺。································································20

2、砼常用的铺料方法有哪些？···························································21

3、滑坡处理留意事项有哪些？···························································21

4、散浸抢护原则及抢修方法有哪些？·····················································21

5、如何构筑背河滤水围井减压？·························································21

6、倒塌抢护原则和抢护方法有哪些？·····················································22

7、闸顶漫溢如何进行抢护？·····························································22

8、如何组织浆砌石基础砌筑施工？·······················································22

9、土石坝的裂缝如何进行观测？·························································22

10、如何采纳开挖回填的方法处理裂缝？··················································23

11、土石坝护坡如何进行永久加固修理？··················································23

12、管涌抢险方法有哪些？······························································23

13、风浪抢护原则及抢修方法有哪些？····················································24

14、水闸滑动如何进行抢险？····························································24

15、混凝土麻面产生的缘由有哪些？如何预防和处理？······································24

16、混凝土拌和的平安技术措施有哪些？··················································24

17、选择压实机械主要考虑哪些原则？····················································25

18、砌石工程施工质量如何进行掌握检查？················································25

19、渠道如何进行砌石衬护？····························································25

20、紧邻水平建基面的爆破开挖要求有哪些？··············································25

21、梁、板混凝土的振捣要求有哪些？····················································26

22、钢筋安装质量掌握的基本内容有哪些？················································26

23、梁、板混凝土结构因尺寸较小，施工中应留意哪些问题？································26

24、屋面柔性防水结构如何组织施工？····················································26

25、试述土石坝日常维护工作。···························································27

26、试述岸坡倒塌险情产生的缘由及抢险方法。·············································27

27、试述土石坝绕坝渗漏的处理措施。·····················································28

28、试述抢堵堤防决口的方法。···························································28

29、倒塌抢护原则和抢护方法有哪些？····················································29

30、堵口的方法有哪些？································································29

31、试述土石坝坝身渗漏的形式及缘由。···················································30

32、混凝土建筑物止水破坏后如何处理？··················································30

33、试述消失漫顶的缘由和抢护原则。·····················································30

34、试述土石坝滑坡的处理。·····························································31

35、试述堤防的养护要求及方法？························································31

36、试述管涌险情的抢护？······························································31

37、干砌石施工必需留意哪些因素？······················································32

38、管涌抢护原则及抢修方法有哪些？····················································32

39、岸坡倒塌险情及出险缘由有哪些？····················································32

40、水闸滑动如何进行抢险？····························································33

3

一、选择题

1、处于潮湿环境或水下使用的砂浆应用(A.水泥砂浆)。

2、砌筑块石挡土墙时，两个分层高度间的错缝不得小于(C.8)cm。

3、砖墙预留的过人洞，其侧边离交接处的墙面应不小于(C.50)cm，洞口顶部宜设置过梁。

4、平拱砖过梁适用于跨度不超过(A.1.8)m的门窗洞口。

5、当竖向模板最低处高于地面(D.10)m时，应考虑各方向风荷载作用的抗倾稳定。

6、模板安装时，凡属承重的梁板结构，跨度大于4m以上时，跨中应预留起拱高度．每米增高(C.3)mm，两边渐渐削减，至两端同原设计高程等高，

7、扣件式钢管双排脚手架的小横杆靠墙一端应离开墙体装饰面至少(A.100)mm。

8、Ⅰ级钢筋单面搭接焊最小搭接长度不少于(D.8)d(钢筋直径)。

9、断线钳是定型产品，它一般用于切断(D.l5)mm以下的钢丝。

10、钢筋扳子的扳口尺寸要比弯制钢筋大(A.2)mm较为合适，过大会影响弯制外形的正确。

11、手弧焊接作业，焊机必需装设接地线。地线电阻不应大于(C.4)Ω。

12、锥螺纹套筒连接，所连钢筋直径之差不宜超过(D.9)mm。

13、搭接钢筋为受压钢筋时，筋间距不应大于(B.10)d。

14、砂砾地基应清除杂物，整平基础面，并浇筑(C.10～20)cm厚素混凝土垫层。

15、设计协作比中的加水量依据(C.水灰比)计算确定，并以饱和面干状态的砂子为标准。

16、在完成混凝土搅拌机检查工作后，即可进行开盘搅拌，为不转变混凝土设计协作比，补偿粘附在筒壁、叶片上的砂浆，第一盘应减多加水泥、砂各(B．15)%。

17、溜管卸料时，其出口离浇筑面的高差应不大于1.5m。并利用拉索拖动匀称卸料，但应使溜管出口段约(B．2)m长与浇筑面保持垂直，以避开混凝土料分别。随着混凝土浇筑面的上升，可逐节拆卸溜管下端的管节。

18、用表面式振捣器在双层钢筋结构中浇筑层的允许最大铺料厚度为(B．120)mm。

19、人工平仓用论铁坛锹讨，平仓距离不超过(C.3)m。

20、振捣棒在每一孔位的振捣时间，以混凝土不再显著下沉，水分和气泡不再逸出并开头泛浆为准。振捣时间和混凝土坍落度、石子类型及最大粒径、振捣器的性能等因素有关，一般为(B．20～30)s。

21、浆砌石施工的砌筑要领可概括为:平、稳、满、错四个字。平，同一层面大致砌平，相邻石块的高差宜小于

（B.2～3）。

22、筑圆形建筑物(如水池)一般采纳（B.顶砌法），法全部采纳丁砖，便于砌筑成所需的弧度。

23、墙身砌体高度超过地坪（A.1.2）m以上时，应搭设脚手架。

24、滑模施工在滑动过程中，要求各千斤顶的相对标高之差不得大于（D.40）mm。

25、木脚手架的搭设时，对于单排外脚手架，搭设高度一般不得超过（B.20）m。

26、钢筋的贮存堆放时，钢筋下部应垫高，离地至少（B.20）cm高，以防钢筋锈蚀。

27、钢筋在使用前必需经过调直,钢筋调直后其表面伤痕不得使钢筋截面积削减（D.5）％以上。

28、操作钢筋切断机在断短料时，不用手扶的一端应用（A.1）m以上长度的钢管套压。

29、假如有多台对焊机并列安装时，两台焊机之间的距离最少要有（B.3）m，并且要求接在不同相位的电源上。

30、乙炔钢瓶必需安放在垂直的位置。当瓶内压力减低到（A.0.2）MPa时，应停止使用。

31、依据施工规范规定：直径在（B.25）mm以下的钢筋接头，可采纳绑扎接头。

32、焊接与绑扎接头距钢筋弯起点不小于（B.10）d，也不位于最大弯矩处。

33、施工规范对配料精度(按重量百分比计)的要求是：水泥、掺合料、水、外加剂溶液为±（A.1）%。

34、搅拌机运输时，应将进料斗提升到上止点，并用保险铁链锁住。轮胎式搅拌机的搬运可用机动车拖行，但其拖行速度不得超过（B.15）。如在不平的道路上行驶，速度还应降低。

35、溜槽为钢制槽子(钢模)，可从皮带机、自卸汽车、斗车等受料，将混凝土转送入仓。坡度可由试验确定，采纳（D.45）左右。

36、开头浇筑前，要在岩面或老混凝土面上，先铺一层（B.2～3）cm厚的水泥砂浆(接缝砂浆)以保证新混凝土与基岩或老混凝上结合良好。

37、台阶浇筑法浇筑块的台阶层数以（D.5～10）层为宜，层数过多，易使下层混凝土错动，并使浇筑仓内平仓4

振捣机械上下频率调动，简单造成漏振。

38、振捣棒的插入深度，在振捣第一层混凝土时，以振捣器头部不遇到基岩或老混凝土面，但相距不超过（C.5）cm为宜。

39、硅酸盐水泥、一般硅酸盐水泥混凝土养护时间不少于（B.14）d。

40、块石基础每天可砌高度不应超过（B.4.2）m。

41、堤防压实质量掌握指标是土的干密度，一般设计要求应达到(C、1.5)t/m以上。

42、堤防灌浆压力一般掌握在(C、98)kPa。

43、纯土子堰顶宽一般为(B、1.0)m。

44、土料的密度、含水量、(B、可松性)等主要工程性质对土方工程的施工方法、施工进度均有很重要的影响。

45、推土机适用于堆筑高度在(A