浙江省杭州市2023学年高二英语上学期期中阶段性测试试卷含解析

Page23考试说明：1.考试时间：2.本试卷分试题卷和答题卷，试题卷8页，答题卷3页，本卷满分150分。3.答题前，请在答题卡指定区域内填涂好相关信息。所有答案必须写在答题卡上，写在试题卷上无效。第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhathasEricbeengivenforhisbirthday?A.Abook.B.Adairy.C.Analbum.2.Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Atashoppingmall.B.Atabusstop.C.Inabank.3.WhenwillTomgethisbookbag?A.Today.B.Tomorrow.C.Thedayaftertomorrow.4.Howistheweathernow?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Howthewomangotthesun.B.Whenthewomanwentsailing.C.Wherethewomanhadaholiday.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whocouldthemanprobablybe?A.AteacherB.Areceptionist.C.Atouristguide.7.Whendoesthewomansuggestvisitingthecenter?A.OnTuesdays.B.OnWednesdays.C.OnThursdays.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthespeakers’destination?A.Themarkets.B.Thewatergardens.C.Theancientdistrict.9.Whoisthewomangoingtogetapresentfor?A.Herdad.B.Hermum.C.Hersister.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdidthewomanjustdo?A.Sherushedforthetrain.B.Shegotoffthetrain.C.Shecamebackfromtown.11.Whatcausedthewomantrouble?A.Hercoat.B.Herhigh-heeledshoes.C.Hersportsshoes.12.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewoman.A.Disorganized.B.Reliable.C.Sporty.听第9段材料、回答第13至16题。13.WhatisWendy’sopinionaboutthemenu?A.It’scomplicated.B.It’sattractive.C.It’straditional.14.Whowilldothedeliveriesfirst?A.WendyB.Mark.C.Ben.15.Whatdid-themando?AHeorderedmorepackaging.B.Hearrangedtheschedule.C.Hehiredmorepeople.16.WhatwillWendydonext?A.Plansomepromotions.B.Contactrepeatcustomers.C.Makechangestothewebsite.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendidthespeakerdecidetobeamechanic?A.Afterhefinishedschool.B.Whenhegotqualifications.C.Ashewasachild.18.Whydidthespeakerleavehistown?A.Tolearnnewskills.B.Tobecomeanadventurer.C.Toexperiencenewthings.19.Whatdidthespeakerthinkofthejobontheshipatfirst?A.Enjoyable.B.Satisfying.C.Tough.20.Whatdidthespeakerdoafterhisexperienceontheship?A.Hewenttravelling.B.Hesetuphisownbusiness.C.Hecompletedsometraining.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEstimatedtohaveappearedaround200myearsaftertheeventsofthebigbang,thefirststarsoftheuniversesuddenlycameintobeing,sheddinglightinthedarkness.Thesestarsproducedtheessentialbuildingblocksforentiregalaxies(银河系),forplanets,andforthecreationoflifeintheuniverse.InthisfascinatingmasterclasswithDrEmmaChapman,theauthorofFirstLight:SwitchingonStarsattheDawnofTime,shewillattempttofillinthemissingfirstonebillionyearsfromthetimelineoftheuniverse,byrevealingmoreabouttheearlieststars—howtheywereformedandwhytheyweresounusual.Emmawillalsodiscussrecentdiscoveriesinastrophysics，includingwhattheJamesWebbspacetelescopeisrevealingtousabouttheoriginsoftheuniverse,andwhatthenextbigmissionsinspaceexplorationwillbe.Coursecontent•Howtheuniversebegan:thebigbangandthefirststars•Howstarscreatedthebuildingblocksforouruniverse•Findingthefirststars:thelatestresearchinstellararchaeology•Thefutureoflookingback:spaceexplorationandthenextbigspacemissions•Q&ACourseDetailsThursday26October2023,6.30pm-8.30pmBST£65plus£3.56bookingfeeThisticketincludesyouronlineclassplusaccesstoa14daycatchuprecording.IfyouliveintheUK,youcanpurchaseaticketwithacopyofFirstLight:SwitchingonStarsattheDawnofTimeatcheckoutforthecombinedpriceof£74.52includingpostageandpacking.1.WhatdoesthemasterclasswithDrEmmaChapmanfocuson?A.Travellinginspace. B.Creatinganunusualplanet.C.Understandingtheuniverse. D.Revealingthesecretsoflife.2What’sthepriceofabookedticket?A.3.56. B.65. C.68.56. D.74.52.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Asciencereport. B.Anexaminationpaper.C.Anacademicarticle. D.Alivestreamwebsite.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是EmmaChapman博士的一堂大师课的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“InthisfascinatingmasterclasswithDrEmmaChapman,theauthorofFirstLight:SwitchingonStarsattheDawnofTime,shewillattempttofillinthemissingfirstonebillionyearsfromthetimelineoftheuniverse,byrevealingmoreabouttheearlieststars—howtheywereformedandwhytheyweresounusual.(EmmaChapman博士是FirstLight:SwitchingonStarsattheDawnofTime一书的作者，在这堂精彩的大师课上，她将试图通过揭示更多关于最早的恒星的信息——它们是如何形成的，以及为什么它们如此不同寻常——来填补宇宙时间轴上缺失的最初10亿年。)”可知，EmmaChapman博士的大师课关注的是理解宇宙。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据CourseDetails部分的“£65plus£3.56bookingfee(65英镑加上3.56英镑的预订费)”可知，一张预定的票的价钱是£65+£3.56，也就是£68.56，故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thisticketincludesyouronlineclassplusaccesstoa14daycatchuprecording.(这张票包括你的在线课程以及14天的补课录像。)”可知，这个课程是在线课程，所以这篇文章可能是来自于一个直播网站。故选D。BBorninanunknownvillageinHuarongcounty,Hunanprovince,Yihadfewopportunitiestoplayinstrumentswhenhewasyoung.Attheageof6whenmostperformershavealreadybegunstudyingthepianoatmusicacademies,Yilearnedthetraditionalstringedinstrumenttheerhufromagroupofpeoplelodgingathishome.Itwasnotuntilmuchlaterthathefirstsawapianowhenhevisitedhiscousin’shouseinHuarong.“Myfamilywastoopoortobuyapianoforme,soIoftenusedtovisitmycousin,eventhoughittookaboutanhourtotravelthe20kilometerstohishomeoverrockyroadsjustfortheopportunitytositatthekeyboard,”Yisaid.YifirstarrivedinShenzhen19yearsagoandworkedinfactories,onconstructionsitesandinkitchens.Hehadnotplayedapianofornearly30years.ThepublicpianosinHuaqiangbeiofferedhimafreshstart.Onahotsummer’sday,whiletakingabreakfromworkatanearbyconstructionsite,Yiandhissonpassedoneoftheinstruments.Encouragedbyhisson,Yidecidedtogiveitatry.Herubbedhishandsnervouslyonhisclothes,butthemomentheplacedhisfingersonthekeys,hefeltmorecomfortableandhisconfidencereturned.AlthoughhismasterlyperformanceatthepianokeyboardquicklymadehimanonlinesensationinChinaandoverseas,YiisnottheonlyonetobenefitfromthepianosinHuaqiangbei.InspiredbytheBritishartistLukeJerram,whohasplacedmorethan2,000streetpianosinover70citiesworldwidesince2008withthewords“PlayMe,I’mYours”printedontheirsides,thepublicpianoprojectinHuaqiangbeiwaslaunchedbythelocalgovernmentin2018.ZhangChen,deputydirectoroftheHuaqiangbeisubdistrictoffice,said:“HuaqiangbeiislocatedinthecommercialdistrictinthecenterofShenzhen.Wehavebeentryingtoprovidediversefacilitiestobringhigh-qualitypublicculturalservicestothearea.Wearesurprisedthatthepublicpianoprojecthasattractedsomanypeopletoplaytheinstruments,andotherstowatchthemperform.”4.WhatdowelearnaboutyoungYifromthepassage?A.Hesmoothedthepathtopianolessons.B.Hewasfascinatedbymusicalinstruments.C.Hereceivedmusicaltrainingattheageof6.D.Hefamiliarizedhimselfwitherhuathiscousin’.5.HowdidYifeelwhenhedecidedtotryplayingthepiano?A.Awkward. B.Confident. C.Amazed. D.Refreshed.6.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthe7thparagraph?A.Theartist’spopularity. B.Theproject’sorigin.C.Theartist’screativity. D.Theproject’schallenge.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Acityculturefeaturingthepianoneedschanging.B.Thestreetpianoprojectfuelsurbandevelopment.C.Huaqiangbeigetsintunewithitsculturalambitions.D.Shenzhentakestheleadinpromotingculturalprosperity.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以Yi在华强北的公共钢琴演奏使他在国内外网络上引起轰动为例，介绍了华强北的公共钢琴项目以及华强北的文化抱负。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Attheageof6,whenmostperformershavealreadybegunstudyingthepianoatmusicacademies,Yilearnedthetraditionalstringedinstrumenttheerhufromagroupofpeoplelodgingathishome.(6岁时，当大多数演奏者已经开始在音乐学院学习钢琴时，易从寄宿在他家的一群人那里学习了传统的弦乐器二胡)”以及第三段““Myfamilywastoopoortobuyapianoforme,soIoftenusedtovisitmycousin,eventhoughittookaboutanhourtotravelthe20kilometerstohishomeoverrockyroadsjustfortheopportunitytositatthekeyboard,”Yisaid.(“我家太穷了，没钱给我买钢琴，所以我经常去拜访我的表弟，即使要花一个小时左右的时间，走20公里的岩石路到他家，只是为了有机会坐在琴键前，”易说)”可知，Yi对乐器着迷。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Herubbedhishandsnervouslyonhisclothes,butthemomentheplacedhisfingersonthekeys,hefeltmorecomfortableandhisconfidencereturned.(他紧张地用手在衣服上搓着，但手指一放在琴键上，他就觉得舒服多了，又恢复了信心)”可知，当他决定尝试弹钢琴时，他感到局促不安。故选A。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第七段“InspiredbytheBritishartistLukeJerram,whohasplacedmorethan2,000streetpianosinover70citiesworldwidesince2008withthewords“PlayMe,I’mYours”printedontheirsides,thepublicpianoprojectinHuaqiangbeiwaslaunchedbythelocalgovernmentin2018.(自2008年以来，英国艺术家LukeJerram在全球70多个城市放置了2000多架印有“PlayMe,I’mYours”字样的街头钢琴。受此启发，当地政府于2018年启动了华强北公共钢琴项目)”可知，第七段主要讲了项目的起源。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Wehavebeentryingtoprovidediversefacilitiestobringhigh-qualitypublicculturalservicestothearea.Wearesurprisedthatthepublicpianoprojecthasattractedsomanypeopletoplaytheinstruments,andotherstowatchthemperform.(我们一直在努力提供多样化的设施，为该地区带来高质量的公共文化服务。我们很惊讶，公共钢琴项目吸引了这么多人来演奏乐器，还有其他人来观看他们的表演)”可知，华强北提供多样化的设施吸引了人来演奏乐器，与它的文化抱负相一致。故选C。CPreviousstudieshavefoundthatthenumberofyearsspentinschoolrelatestocognition(认知)laterinlife,butfewstudieshaveexaminedtheinfluenceofeducationalquality.“Ourstudyestablishesalinkbetweenhigh-qualityeducationandbetterlater-lifecognitionandsuggeststhatincreasedinvestmentinschoolscouldbeapowerfulstrategytoimprovecognitivehealthamongolderadultsintheUnitedStates,”saidJenniferManly,seniorauthorofthestudy.Thestudy,ledbyManlyandDominikaŠeblová,apostdoctoralresearchscientistatColumbia,useddatafromProjectTalent,a1960surveyofhighschoolstudentsacrosstheUnitedStates,andfollow-updatacollectedintheProjectTalentAgingStudy.Theresearchersexaminedtherelationshipsbetweensixindicators(指标)ofschoolqualityandseveralmeasuresofcognitiveperformanceinparticipantsnearly60yearsaftertheylefthighschool.Sincehigh-qualityschoolsmaybeespeciallybeneficialforpeoplefromdisadvantagedbackgrounds,theresearchersalsoexaminedwhetherassociationsdifferedbygeography,gender,raceandethnicity.Theresearchersfoundthatattendingaschoolwithahighernumberofteacherswithgraduatetrainingwasthemostconsistentpredictorofbetterlater-lifecognition,especiallyinlanguagefluency(forexample,comingupwithwordswithinacategory).Attendingaschoolwithahighnumberofgraduate-levelteacherswasaboutequaltothedifferenceincognitionbetweena70-year-oldandsomeonewhoisonetothreeyearsolder.Otherindicatorsofschoolqualitywererelatedtosome,butnotall,measuresofcognitiveperformance.AccordingtoManlyandŠeblová,theremaybemanyreasonsexplainingwhyattendingschoolswithwell-trainedteachersmayaffectlater-lifecognition.“Instructionprovidedbymoreexperiencedandknowledgeableteachersmightbemoreintellectuallyinspiringandprovideadditionalneuralorcognitivebenefits,”saidŠeblová,“andattendinghigher-qualityschoolsmayalsoinfluencelifetrack,leadingtouniversityeducationandgreaterearnings,whichareinturnlinkedtobettercognitioninlaterlife.”8.HowdidManlyandŠeblováconducttheresearch?A.Byconductıngsurveys. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byexplainingexamples. D.Byinterviewıngtheelders.9.Whatistheresultofthestudy?A.Thephysicalhealthdeterminesyourfuturelife.B.Goodeducationcontributestogoodlater-lifecognition.C.Languagefluencyisbasedonpostgraduatetraining.D.Goodschoolsshouldhavemanywell-trainedteachers.10.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toremindthepublicofseniors’health. B.Tolookintoinvestmentinschools.C.Toachievethefairnessofhumans. D.Toattachimportancetoeducation.11.WhatisManlyandŠeblová’sattitudetohigh-qualityschooleducation?A.Favorable. B.Doubtful.C.Uncaring. D.Opposing【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。讲述了高质量教育和晚年认知能力之间的关系。研究表明，就读于拥有更多研究生培训教师的学校与晚年认知能力之间存在明确的关联，尤其在语言流利性方面。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theresearchersexaminedtherelationshipsbetweensixindicators(指标)ofschoolqualityandseveralmeasuresofcognitiveperformanceinparticipantsnearly60yearsaftertheylefthighschool.Sincehigh-qualityschoolsmaybeespeciallybeneficialforpeoplefromdisadvantagedbackgrounds,theresearchersalsoexaminedwhetherassociationsdifferedbygeography,gender,raceandethnicity.(研究人员对高中毕业近60年后的参与者进行了调查，调查了学校质量的六项指标与认知表现的几项指标之间的关系。由于高质量的学校可能对来自弱势背景的人特别有益，研究人员还研究了地理、性别、种族和民族之间的联系是否存在差异)”可知，Manly和Šeblová领导的研究探讨了学校质量的六项指标与认知表现的几项指标之间的关系以及来自弱势背景的人的地理、性别、种族和民族之间的联系。由此可推断，该研究主要使用了做比较的方法。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Theresearchersfoundthatattendingaschoolwithahighernumberofteacherswithgraduatetrainingwasthemostconsistentpredictorofbetterlater-lifecognition,especiallyinlanguagefluency(forexample,comingupwithwordswithinacategory).(研究人员发现，就读于一所拥有更多受过研究生培训的教师的学校，是提高晚年认知能力的最一致预测因素，尤其是在语言流利性方面。例如，想出同一个类别的单词)”可知，良好教育促进晚年的认知，所以B选项“Goodeducationcontributestogoodlater-lifecognition.(良好的教育有助于晚年的认知)”是该研究的结果。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Previousstudieshavefoundthatthenumberofyearsspentinschoolrelatestocognition(认知)laterinlife,butfewstudieshaveexaminedtheinfluenceofeducationalquality.(先前的研究发现，受教育的年数与以后生活中的认知有关，但很少有研究去探究教育质量的影响)”和关键提示词“but”可知，作者强调教育质量的影响，所以本文的写作目的是强调教育的重要性。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Šeblová所说的话““Instructionprovidedbymoreexperiencedandknowledgeableteachersmightbemoreintellectuallyinspiringandprovideadditionalneuralorcognitivebenefits,”saidŠeblová,“andattendinghigher-qualityschoolsmayalsoinfluencelifetrack,leadingtouniversityeducationandgreaterearnings,whichareinturnlinkedtobettercognitioninlaterlife.”(Šeblová说：“经验更丰富、知识更渊博的老师提供的教学可能更能激发智力，并提供额外的神经或认知好处。此外，上高质量的学校也可能影响生活轨迹，可接受大学教育并带来更高的收入，这反过来又与以后生活中更好的认知能力有关。”)”可推断出这两位专家对于高质量的教育是呈支持态度的。故选A。DBabiesaresurroundedbyhumanlanguage,alwayslisteningandprocessing.Eventually,theyputsoundstogethertoproducea“Daddy”ora“Mama”.Butwhatstillconfusesneuroscientistsisexactlyhowthebrainworkstoputitalltogether.Tofigureitout,ateamofresearchersturnedtoafrequentstand-in(代替)forbabieswhenitcomestolanguagelearning:thesong-learningzebrafinch.“We’veknownsongbirdslearntheirsongbyfirstformingamemoryoftheirfather’ssongoranotheradult’ssong.Thentheyusethatmemorytoguidetheirsonglearning,”saidNeuroscientistToddRoberts.“It’sbeenalong-termgoalofthefieldtofigureouthoworwhereinthebrainthismemoryis.Thistypeofimitativelearningthatbirdsdoisverysimilartothetypeoflearningthatweengageinregularly—particularlywhenwe’reyoung,weuseittoguideourspeechlearning.”Robertsandhisteamhadafeelingthattheinterface(交叉区域)betweensensoryareasandmotorareasinthebrainwascriticalforthisprocess,andtheyfocusedonagroupofbraincellscalledtheNIf.“Inordertoprovethatwecouldidentifythesecircuits,wethoughtifwecouldimplantafalsememory.”First,theyusedavirustocausetheneurons(神经元)inthebirds’NIftobecomesensitivetolight.Then,usingatinyelectrode(电极)asaflashlight,theyactivated(激活)theneurons.Thelengthofeachpulseoflightcorrespondedwiththeamountoftimetheneuronswouldfire.Andthebirds’brainsinterpretedthattimeperiodasthelengthofeachnote.Soonenough,thebirdsbegantopracticethenotestheyhadlearned,eventhoughtheyneverreallyheardthesounds.Amazingly,thebirdsproducedtheminthecorrectsocialsituations.Theresearcherssaythisisthefirsttimeanybodyhasfoundexactlyapartofthebrainnecessaryforgeneratingthesortsofmemoriesneededtocopysounds.“Thislineofresearchisgoingtohelpusidentifywhereinthebrainweencodememoriesofrelevantsocialexperiencesthatweusetoguidelearning.Weknowthatthereareseveralneurodevelopmentaldisordersinpeoplethathavereallyfar-reachingeffectsonthistypeoflearning.”12.Thezebrafinchisresearchedbecauseitssong-learningmode______.A.decideswhetheritwillsingsongs B.helpsittosay“Daddy”or“Mama”C.islikethewaybabieslearnspeech D.reflectsitstalentforimitatingitsfather’ssong13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph2referto?A.Theinterfaceinthebrain. B.Guidancefromadults.C.Thewayofregularlearning. D.Imitativelearningtypelikebirds.14.WhatcanwelearnfromtheresearchledbyRoberts?A.Someneuronswereactivatedbytheuseofanelectrode.B.Anewmemorywasimplantedtogeneratenewneurons.C.Abirdsangwhatithadheardbefore.D.Birdsbecamesensitivetolightduetonewsocialsituations.15.WhatdotheRoberts’teamexpectofthislineofresearch?A.Achangeinourwayoflistenıngandprocessing.B.Identificationofneurodevelopmentaldisorders.C.Achancetolearnbetterwithrelevantsocialexperiences.D.Abetterknowledgeofthesecretsoflearning.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们如何利用草雀来研究语言学习过程中的记忆形成以及大脑的运作方式。研究人员通过操纵鸟脑中的一组神经元，成功地让鸟类产生了一种虚假的记忆，并且这种记忆影响了它们的歌唱能力。这项研究有助于揭示人类大脑中与语言学习相关的记忆形成区域，对于理解相关的神经发育障碍具有重要意义。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Tofigureitout,ateamofresearchersturnedtoafrequentstand-in(代替)forbabieswhenitcomestolanguagelearning:thesong-learningzebrafinch.(为了弄清楚这个问题，一组研究人员求助于一种经常代替婴儿学习语言的动物:会唱歌的斑胸草雀。)”可知，草雀被用于研究是因为他们的学习模式和婴儿学习语言的模式相似，故选C项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词的上文“Thistypeofimitativelearningthatbirdsdoisverysimilartothetypeoflearningthatweengageinregularly(鸟类所做的这种模仿学习与我们经常进行的学习非常相似)”以及下文“toguideourspeechlearning(引导我们的语言学习)”可推理出划线词指代的是上文“Thistypeofimitativelearningthatbirdsdo(鸟类所做的这种模仿学习)”，故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“First,theyusedavirustocausetheneurons(神经元)inthebirds’NIftobecomesensitivetolight.Then,usingatinyelectrode(电极)asaflashlight,theyactivated(激活)theneurons(首先，他们用一种病毒使鸟类NIf中的神经元对光敏感。然后，用一个微小的电极作为手电筒，他们激活了神经元)”可知，在实验中一些神经元通过使用电极被激活，故选A项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thislineofresearchisgoingtohelpusidentifywhereinthebrainweencodememoriesofrelevantsocialexperiencesthatweusetoguidelearning.Weknowthatthereareseveralneurodevelopmentaldisordersinpeoplethathavereallyfar-reachingeffectsonthistypeoflearning.（这项研究将帮助我们识别大脑中我们对相关社会经历的记忆进行编码的位置，这些记忆是我们用来指导学习的。我们知道，有几种神经发育障碍对这种类型的学习有着深远的影响。)”可知，研究小组认为本实验更好地了解学习的秘密，故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Curiosityispartofhumannature.Childrenarefamousforwantinganswerstotonsofquestions.BooksandTVshowsoftenrelyoncuriosity.Peoplekeepreadingorwatchingbecausetheywanttofindoutwhathappens.____16____Manyofhistory’sgreatestdiscoveriesweremadebycuriouspeople.Peoplewonderedhowprocessesworkedorhowcertaintaskscouldbedonemoreeffectively.Thankstotheircuriosity,peoplenowknowfarmoreabouttheworldandhaveusefultechnologytohelpthem.Evenifyoudon’tplantobeaninventororresearcher,curiositycanstillhelpyouintheclassroom.Ifyoudevelopthejoyoflearning,classwillbemorefun.____17____Evenifyou’renolongerastudent,curiositywillmakeyoubetterinformedandthusamorecapableworker.Whatdoyoudoifyou’renotalreadycurious?____18____Ifyouactlikeyou’recurious,you’llquicklystarttoactuallyfeelcurious.Often,themoreyoulearnaboutatopicthemoreinterestingitbecomes.Asyoulearnaboutatopic,gatherinformationfromasmanysourcesaspossible.Readavarietyofbooks,watchorlistentolecturesandaskquestions.____19____Instead,learntoappreciatefactsthatdifferentpeopleknowandthedifferentopinionsthattheyexpress.Don’tassumeyoualreadyknowwhatyouneedtoknow.Instead,searchforalternatepossibilitiesandpointsofview.____20____Remember,everyoneknowssomethingthatyoudon’t.Findoutwhatthatis,andaskaboutit.Thisletsyoulearnsomethingandmakestheotherpersonhappybylettingthemshowofftheirknowledge.Intheclassroomoroutofit,developingcuriosityissuretobeworthwhile.A.Askalotofquestions.B.Butcuriosityalsoprovidesmanypracticalbenefits.C.Acceptavarietyofresourcestofeedyourcuriosity.D.Fortunately,curiosityisaskillthatcanbeimproved.E.Don’talwaysgetyourinformationfromthesamesource.F.Curiositydrivestheprocessofdiscoveriesandinnovation.G.Andyou’llexcelbecauseyouwillbefullyengagedintheprocessoflearning.【答案】16.B17.G18.D19.E20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了好奇心的好处以及提高好奇心的方法和策略。【16题详解】根据上文“Peoplekeepreadingorwatchingbecausetheywanttofindoutwhathappens.(人们一直阅读或观看，因为他们想知道发生了什么)”以及下文讲述了好奇心的好处可知，此处与前文形成对比，并引出后文好奇心的好处，故B项“但是好奇心也会带来一些实际的好处。”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。【17题详解】根据上文“Evenifyoudon’tplantobeaninventororresearcher,curiositycanstillhelpyouintheclassroom.Ifyoudevelopthejoyoflearning,classwillbemorefun.(即使你不打算成为一个发明者和研究者，好奇心也能在课堂上帮助你。如果你培养了学习的乐趣，教室就会变得更加有趣)”可知，此处指出好奇心可以在课堂上帮助你，也解释了好奇心如何让学习更有趣和投入，此处在说明好奇心带来的实际好处，故G项“你会出类拔萃，因为你会全身心地投入到学习过程中。”能够承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。【18题详解】根据上文“Whatdoyoudoifyou’renotalreadycurious?(如果你已经不再感到好奇了，应该怎么做呢？)”可知，此处提出了问题，且空后的内容介绍了一些提高好奇心的方法和策略，故D项“幸运地是，好奇心是一种可以培养的技能。”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。【19题详解】根据下文“Instead,learntoappreciatefactsthatdifferentpeopleknowandthedifferentopinionsthattheyexpress.(相反，学会去欣赏不同的人知道的事实，以及他们表达的不同的观点)”可知，此处与下文是对应关系，故E项“不要总是从相同的渠道获取资源”能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选E项。【20题详解】根据本段内容“Remember,everyoneknowssomethingthatyoudon’t.Findoutwhatthatis,andaskaboutit.(记住，每个人都知道一些你不知道的事情，弄清楚它们是什么，并询问它们是什么)”可知，本段内容主要提出培养好奇心的另一个方法——问问题，故A项“问很多问题。”能够概括本段大意，适合作本段主旨句，符合语境。故选A项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。InJanuary2023,IwascommutingfromBrooklyntoNewJersey.Withtwolittlekidsandabusybusiness,aquiettrainridefeltlikeamini___21___.YetIfoundmyselfspendingthat___22___timescrolling(浏览)throughsocialmediafeeds.Oneday,I___23___myphoneandstartedwritingthank-younotestopeoplewhohad___24___toamoney-raiserIhadorganized.Gettingoffthetrain,Iwasinanoticeably___25___mood.Thenextday,Iwrotemorethank-youletters—andfeltthesame.Something___26___.WhatifIkeptitup?Idecidedtowriteonethank-younoteforeveryday.IhadnoshortageofpeopleIwas___27___to.Ipickedoutadifferent___28___foreachmonth.Januarywascharity.Februarywouldbeneighbors,andIthoughtofadozennamesimmediately.Irememberedwhentheownersofourlocalbookstoreletmeandmyson,Henry,___29___beforethestoreopenedand____30____toplayhisfavoritesoundtrack.Irecalledwhenourbabysitterdroppedoffsomeboardgamesforour____31____.Writingthenoteswasn’tthat____32____:Eachwastwoorthreesentenceslong;takingjustafewminutes.I____33____onthepersonIwaswritingtoandwhatIwantedtosay,andthewordscamefairly____34____.Thatfocusfeltrefreshing.Ieventuallyrealizedwhythistaskwastheperfectcuretomysocialfeeds.ScrollingthroughInstagram,Iwasadmiringothers’lives.However,writingthank-younoteswasanactof____35____andhonoringmyownlife.21.A.journey B.program C.vacation D.hall22.A.precious B.busy C.short D.mean23A.breakup B.turnedin C.reachedout D.putdown24.A.flowed B.contributed C.led D.linked25.A.better B.bluer C.friendlier D.guiltier26.A.clicked B.occurred C.came D.froze27.A.sorry B.angry C.grateful D.available28.A.piece B.step C.signal D.theme29.A.out B.in C.away D.on.30.A.continued B.refused C.added D.offered.31.A.parents B.kids C.drivers D.neighbors32.A.time-consuming B.consumer-friendly C.energy-saving D.trouble-making33.A.reflected B.concentrated C.congratulated D.stepped34.A.flexibly B.soundly C.easily D.skillfully35.A.protecting B.adopting C.noticing D.controlling【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.A26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.B32.A33.B34.C35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一次坐火车通勤时，选择放下手机，开始给那些给她组织的基金捐款的人写感谢信。下车之后，她的心情明显好了很多。之后她决定那一年的每天都写一封感谢信，并且每一个月都有不同的主题。在这个过程中，她学会了关注和欣赏自己的生活。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着两个小孩和忙碌的工作，安静的火车之旅感觉就像一次迷你假期。A.journey旅程；B.program项目；C.vacation假期；D.hall大厅。根据前文“Withtwolittlekidsandabusybusiness”可知，作者由于照顾两个小孩和做忙碌的工作很辛苦，一个安静的火车旅程对于作者来说都像是假期。故选C。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我发现自己把宝贵的时间花在了浏览社交媒体动态上。A.precious珍贵的；B.busy繁忙的；C.short短的；D.mean吝啬的。根据前文“Withtwolittlekidsandabusybusiness,aquiettrainridefeltlikeamini___1___.”可知，在火车上的这段时间对于生活繁忙的作者来说就像是一个迷你假期，这段时间对于作者来说自然是珍贵的。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，我放下手机，开始给那些为我组织的筹款活动捐款的人写感谢信。A.breakup分手；B.turnedin上交；C.reachedout伸出；D.putdown放下。根据后文“startedwritingthank-younotestopeople”可知，作者开始写感谢信，这说明她没有玩手机，把手机放下了。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：有一天，我放下手机，开始给那些为我组织的筹款活动捐款的人写感谢信。A.flowed流动；B.contributed捐赠，做贡献；C.led带领；D.linked联系。根据后文“toamoney-raiserIhadorganized.”可知，作者是写信给那些为自己的募捐活动做出贡献的人。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下火车的时候，我的心情明显好了很多。A.better更好的；B.bluer更忧郁的；C.friendlier更友好的；D.guiltier更内疚的。根据前文“startedwritingthank-younotes”可知，作者放下手机，开始做有意义的事情，心情变得更好。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然有了一个想法。A.clicked突然明白，念头闪过；B.occurred发生；C.came到来；D.froze冰冻。根据后文“whatifIkeptitup?”可知，作者突然有了一直写下去的想法。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从不缺少让我感激的人。A.sorry抱歉的；B.angry生气的；C.grateful感激的；D.available可利用的。根据前文“writeonethank-younoteforeveryday”可知，作者需要感激的人有很多。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为每个月挑选了一个不同的主题。A.piece片，段；B.step步骤；C.signal信号；D.theme主题。根据后文“Januarywascharity.Februarywouldbeneighbors,andIthoughtofadozennamesimmediately.”可知，作者的感谢信每个月的主题不同。故选D。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次，当地书店的老板让我和儿子亨利在书店开门之前进去，并提出要放他最喜欢的配乐。A.out出来；B.in进入；C.away远离；D.on在上面。根据后文“beforethestoreopened”可知，店主在开门营业前让作者和儿子进去。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次，当地书店的老板让我和儿子亨利在书店开门之前进去，并提出要放他最喜欢的配乐。A.continued继续；B.refused拒绝；C.added增加；D.offered提议。根据后文“playhisfavoritesoundtrack.”可知，店主主动提出播放儿子最喜欢的歌曲。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想起了保姆给孩子们送来一些棋盘游戏的情景。A.parents父母；B.kids孩子；C.dri