2024届高考英语作文俗语表达知识清单

英语俗语表达1.Weight★adeadweight：阻止进步/前进的负担；累赘例：You'vebeendeadweightthisentireroadtrip.You'vejustsattherewithoutdrivingorpayingforgasoranything!★aload/weightoffsomebody'smind：如释重负；减轻精神/心理上的负担例：Havinganightouttotalkovermyproblemwithmyclosefriendhelpedmegetaweightoffmymind.★carry(one's)ownweight：恪尽职守例：IknowI'vebeensick,butI'llcarrymyownweightontheproject,don'tworry.★giveweightto(something)：重视某物例：JonathanknewhisparentsneverapprovedofhisrelationshipwithMichael,sowhenhedecidedtogetmarried,hedidn'tgivemuchweighttotheirobjections.★punchabove(one's)weight：以小博大；超常发挥取胜例：Thesmall-townmayorhasbeenpunchingaboveherweightrecently,goinghead-to-headwithfederallawmakersovertheissueofimmigrationreform.【反义词：punchbelow(one's)weight：形容发挥失常】★pull(one's)weight：做好分内的事例：Ifyoudon'tpullyourweight,ourpresentationwillneverbefinishedontime.★throw(one's)weightbehind(sborsth)：（利用自己的权利/影响力）鼎力支持Measure★byallmeasures/byeverymeasure：无论如何★desperatetimescallfordesperatemeasures：非常时期用非常手段★get/have/takethemeasureofsomebody：摸清某人的底细例：I'vegottenthemeasureofthestudents,andIjustdon'tthinkthattopicwillholdtheirinterestatanassembly.★innosmallmeasure/inlargemeasure：在很大程度★makesomethingtomeasure：量身定做例：Thatshirtfitsyouperfectly.Itlookslikeitwasmadetomeasure!★Manisthemeasureofallthings.人是万物的尺度。★measuretwiceandcutonce：三思而后行★measureupto(someone's)expectations：达到（某人的）期望例：We'relettingyougo,Sam.I'mafraidyoujustdidn'tmeasureuptoourexpectations.2.Number★doanumberon(someoneorsomething)：伤害某人或某物例：Consideringherpessimismtowardmarriage,herlastbreak-upmusthavereallydoneanumberonher.★acushynumber：一份清闲却高薪的工作，美差例：Igettoworkfromhomeandspendalotoftimewithmykids,soit'scertainlyacushynumber.★beyondnumber：数不胜数例：Agreatfieldgreeteduswithwildflowersbeyondnumber,producingaredolencesostrongastonearlyoverwhelmus.★havestrengthinnumbers：在数量上占优★makeupthenumbers：凑数例：Iwasexcitedthattheywantedmeontheirteam,butIrealizedthatIwasjustmakingupthenumbers.★numbercruncher：指擅长处理和分析大量数据的人Hawk★betweenhawkandbuzzard：处在两个极端或者派别之间例：Thesettlersontheborderofthetwowarringstatesfoundthemselvescaughtbetweenhawkandbuzzard.★haveeyeslikeahawk：善于观察的；观察力敏锐的例：Momhaseyeslikeahawk,soshe'lldefinitelynoticeifyousneaksomeofthosecookiesoutofthekitchen.★hawksanddoves：指鹰派（强硬派）和鸽派（温和派）【①鹰派：用以形容主张采取强势外交手段或积极军事扩张的人士、团体或势力。②鸽派：用以形容主张采取柔性温和的态度及手段处理外交、军事等问题的人士、团体或势力。】★knowahawkfromahandsaw：有分辨能力例：OfcourseIknowwhichtwiniswhich—Iknowahawkfromahandsaw,afterall!★watch(someoneorsomething)likeahawk：紧盯某人；密切监视某人/某物例：Ms.Finneganwaswatchingmelikeahawkduringthatentiretest.DidshethinkIwasgoingtocheat?3.Silver★asilverlining：一线生机；一线希望例：Therecouldbeasilverliningtogettinglaidoff—youmightfindajobyouactuallylike!★Everycloudhasasilverlining.否极泰来；守得云开见月明★asilver/smoothtongue：形容能说会道★bebornwithasilverspoonin(one's)mouth：生在富贵人家★begiveneverythingonasilverplatter：不劳而获例：Youcan'tjustexpecttobegiveneverythingonasilverplatterinlife.You'vegottoworkforthethingsyouwant.★cross(one's)palmwithsilver：为得到好处而给某人钱例：Youwillfindthatthingshappenmuchfasterinhotelsifyoucrossthestaff'spalmswithsilverfairlyoften.★familysilver：传家宝★silverfox：有魅力的年长男性4.Goose★(as)looseasagoose：形容非常放松/冷静例：Iknowthebossisunderatonofpressure,buthestillseemslooseasagoose.★(as)sillyasagoose：形容非常愚蠢★(goon/sendon)awildgoosechase：通常指浪费时间和精力的事情；徒劳无功例：I'vebeenonawildgoosechasetryingtofindabagofDan'sfavoritepotatochips.★cook(one's)goose：毁掉……的前程；使……丧失成功机会例：Icookedmyowngoosebynotshowingupontime.★getgoosepimples/givesomeonegooseflesh/goosebumps：起鸡皮疙瘩例：Thesoundofthescreamwassochillingthatitgaveusallgoosebumps!★killthegoosethatlaysthegoldenegg(s)：杀鸡取卵，竭泽而渔例：Firingtheprogrammerwhocreatedyourmostsuccessfulappislikekillingthegoosethatlaysthegoldenegg.★thegoosehangshigh：形势大好；前景光明例：Well,onemonthaftermoving,andsofarthegoosehangshigh!I'vesettledintomyjob,madesomenewfriends,andIabsolutelylovethiscity.5.Pie★(as)easyaspie：轻而易举；小菜一碟例：Aftersomanyyearsasanaccountant,doingtaxesisaseasyaspieforme.★applepieorder：井然有序；秩序井然例：Everythingneedstobeinapple-pieorderbeforeGrandmagetshere!★bepie-eyed：喝醉了的；睁大眼睛的例：Doyourememberlastnightatthebaratall?Youwerepie-eyed!★haveafingerineverypie：形容爱管闲事，事事都要干预例：Monicawouldn'tbesobusyandstressedifshedidn'thaveafingerineverypie.★getapieceofthepie：分一杯羹★pieinthesky：难以付诸实施的构想（或计划）例：Hekeepstalkingabouthowhe'llmovetoLosAngelestobeafamousactor,butit'sjustpieintheskyifyouaskme.★Shutyourpiehole!闭上你的乌鸦嘴!★eathumblepie：忍辱负重，忍辱含垢（承认错误并接受别人的批评）例：Ugh,nowthatmyideahasfailed,I'llhavetoeathumblepieintheboardmeetingtomorrow.6.Cup★astorm/tempestinateacup：小题大做例：Ireallythinkyou'remakingastorminateacupoverthis.It'sjustatinyscratchonthecar!★inone'scups：醉醺醺地；酪酊大醉例：Whenyou'reinyourcups,foolishideashaveapeculiartendencyofsoundinglikeexcellentones.★cupoftea：表示个人喜好或兴趣的隐喻★just(one's)cupoftea：合乎某人的品味、喜好，是某人的菜例：I'veneverenjoyedboringintellectualdramas,butagore-filledmonstermovie?Nowthat'sjustmycupoftea.★cupofcoffee：短暂逗留7.Pant★antsinone'spants：坐立不安；形容某人因焦虑、兴奋或不耐烦而无法保持平静例：Thekidsreallyhaveantsinthepantstoday,soI'mgoingtotakethemtotheplayground.★akickinthepants：(出乎意料的)非难；责备★becaughtwith(one's)pantsdown：措手不及；陷入囧境例：WeseriouslyunderestimatedouropponentsonSaturdayandwerecaughtwithourpantsdown.★beat(one's)pantsoff：在比赛中大获全胜例：Thefinalscorewas17–1?Wow,wereallybeattheirpantsoff!★(fly)bytheseatof(one's)pants：形容没有明确的计划或清晰的方向例：Pilotswhoareinfogandusingonlyinstrumentsareflyingbytheseatoftheirpants.★haveleadin(one's)pants：行动迟缓；反应迟钝例：Doyouguyshaveleadinyourpantstoday?Pickupthepace!★keep(one's)pantson：别生气，保持冷静Watch★awatchedkettleneverboils：形容越心急，时间过得越慢★beonthewatch：保持警惕例：Youneedtobeonthewatchforsuspiciouspeoplewhenyou'reoutinthecitythislateatnight.★keep(a)(close)watchon(someoneorsomething)：密切注视(某人或某事)★watch(someoneorsomething)withaneagleeye：密切注视(某人或某事)★thewatchesofthenight：夜间焦虑不眠的时刻例：Mypoorwifewasupinthesilentwatchesofthenightfortwomonthsbeforeourdaughterwasborn,plaguedbyrestlesslegsandanachingback.★watch(one's)tongue/manner/mouth：注意言行例：Afterbeingthreatenedwithexpulsionformyvulgarremarksinclass,Iknewhadtowatchmytonguefortherestofthesemester.★bearwatching：值得一看；大有前途例：Thisisaveryseriousdisease,anditwillbearwatchingforfurtherdevelopments.8.Hot★hotpotato：棘手的问题；烫手山芋★inthehotseat：承担重任；面临压力或批评的处境★hotunderthecollar：形容很生气例：I'msorryIgothotunderthecollarjustthen,Ihaveahardtimehearingcriticismaboutmynovel.★hottomato：指有魅力的女人、漂亮的女人例：Checkoutthathottomato!Doyouthinkshe'dgooutwithme?★hotontheheelsof(someoneorsomething)：紧跟（某人或某物）例：Look,thecopsarehotontheheelsofthebankrobbers!★getin(to)hotwater：陷入困境例：Thesenatorhasgottenintohotwaterwithconstituentsoverhiscallousremarks.★drop(someoneorsomething)likeahotbrick：立马与某人或某事脱离关系例：Wedroppedourrenovationplanslikeahotbrickafterfindingouthowmuchthejobwouldcost.9.Hard★ahardnut(tocrack)：棘手的人或物例：Thespywecapturedisahardnut;hehasn'tsaidathingsincewebegantheinterrogation.★ahardrowtohoe：比喻难啃的硬骨头；棘手的情况★badhabitsdiehard：恶习难改★behardonsomebody：对某人很苛刻/严厉例：Pleasedon'tbehardonTessa—she'ssuchasensitivekid.★caughtbetweenarockandahardplace：处于两难的境地；进退两难例：Shefoundherselfcaughtbetweenarockandahardplacewhenshehadtochoosebetweenhercareerandherrelationship.★fallonhardtimes：遭遇不幸★driveahardbargain：(在某事上)极力讨价还价例：Salisknowntodriveahardbargain,soIdoubtyou'llgetthatcarforthepriceyouwant.★hardcheese：倒霉；表示某人遇到不幸或不顺利的情况10.Condition★beinaninterestingcondition：有喜；怀孕（委婉表达）例：A:"IsittruethatStan'sdaughterisinaninterestingcondition?"B:"Yes,she'sdueattheendofthesummer."★inadelicatecondition：怀孕（委婉表达，过时的说法）★beinthepinkofcondition：形容身体健康；状态极佳同义词：inthepink；ingoodcondition例：It'sgoingtobetoughwork,sowewanteveryoneinthecrewtobeinthepinkofconditionbeforewestart.★ingoodcondition：处于良好状态：指物品或设备没有损坏或磨损；已做好准备例：No,themanuscriptisn'tingoodconditionforreviewyet—Istillhaveafewsectionstoedit.★inmintcondition：崭新的；指物品保存得非常完好，几乎没有磨损或损坏例：Mybrothermadealotofmoneysellingvintagebaseballcardsthatwereinmintcondition.★onconditionthat：在……条件下例：Thecompanyagreedtothesale,onconditionthatalltheirstaffbeabsorbedbythelargercompany,withnoforcedlayoffs.11.Skeleton★familyskeleton：家丑例：Theexplosivememoirbythefamousactordetailsallsortsoffamilyskeletonsthathavebeenburiedforyears,includingpatternsofemotionalabuseinflictedbyhisparents.★have(a)skeleton(s)in(one's)/thecloset/cupboard：黑历史；指尴尬的、令人丢脸的秘密例：Shehassomeskeletonsinherclosetthatcouldruinherchanceatthepresidencyifthepressweretofindoutaboutthem.★skeletonatthefeast：扫兴的人或事物例：Don'tinviteChristoyourengagementparty—he'salwayssogloomyandwilljustbeaskeletonatthefeast.★skeletoncrew：最低人手；最少人数例：Therigswillhaveaskeletoncrewkeepingthemrunninguntilthecompanyfinisheshandingoveritsbusinesstothenewowners.近义词：skeletonstaff：基干人员12.Window★awindowofopportunity：指可以做某件事的一个短暂的时机例：Somefearwemayhavealreadymissedourwindowofopportunitytogetthedevelopmentplanapprovedbythecity.★bewindowdressing：装饰门面，弄虚作假例：AsfarasIcantell,thisnewpolicyislittlemorethanwindowdressingtowoonewemployees.★makeabetterdoorthanawindow：挡住某人的视线（幽默说法）例：Moveit,willyou?Youmakeabetterdoorthanawindow!★gowindow-shopping：只看不买例：MybankaccountissosadthesedaysthatI'llonlybegoingwindow-shoppingforawhile!★outofthewindow：指忘却或忽视；被弄丢或不受重视例：Oncethegovernmentderegulatedtheindustry,expensivesafetyprecautionswerethefirstthingoutthewindow.Shop★abullinachinashop：指笨手笨脚的人、鲁莽闯祸的人例：Thisisacomplexproblem,andifyouattackitlikeabullinachinashop,youwillalienatealotofpeople.★allovertheshop：形容事物或人的行为杂乱无章，没有条理例：Ifthatpaperworkisallovertheshop,itwilltakeushourstofindwhatwe'relookingfor.★goonashoppingspree：疯狂购物；血拼★likeakidinacandystore/shop：（常见于美式英语）形容非常兴奋例：Shelookedlikeakidinacandystorybeingabletolookatsomuchworld-classartinoneplace.★shoptill(one)drops：买东西买到手软，形容在购物上花一大笔钱例：Everyweekendmywifeshopstillshedrops.Hercreditcardbillsareenormous!13.Name★abigname/noise：大人物；名气很大的人；大腕儿★(one's)nameismud：指某人失去信誉，名声扫地例：Hisnameismudnowthathe'sbeenfoundguiltyofembezzlingmoneyfromthecompany.★ahouseholdname：家喻户晓的（人或物）例：IknewthatwinningattheOlympicswouldchangemylife,butIdidn'trealizethatIwouldbecomeahouseholdname!★blacken(one's)name：败坏某人的名声★drag(one's)namethroughthemud：搞臭/败坏某人的名声【相似表达：giveabadnameto(someoneorsomething)】★besomebody'smiddlename：是（某人的）突出个性[常用于幽默或讽刺的语气]例：Youdon'tneedtoworryaboutDonna—"safety"ishermiddlename.★lend(one's)nameto(something)：支持或赞同某事例：Nowthatwe'vegotabigmoviestarlendinghisnametoourcampaign,we'refinallystartingtogetthetractionwe'vewanted.14.Mud★(as)clearasmud：不清楚；不清晰；难以理解例：IguessIneedtocallalawyerbecausetheselegalcontractsareasclearasmud.★(as)happyasapiginmud：形容非常兴奋例：IknowI'llbeashappyasapiginmudonceIgetthisstupidcastoffmyleg.★astick-in-the-mud：老古董；墨守成规的人例：Sallywastiredofbeingcalledastickinthemudbyherfriendsjustbecausesherefusedtodrinkalcohol.★flingmudatsb：诽谤某人例：I'mtryingtomaintainafairandrespectablecampaign,andmyopponenthasnoproblemflingingmudatme!★mudduck：指没有魅力的女人例：Now,IknowI'mnosupermodeloranything,butI'mcertainlynomudduckeither!15.Leg★aleginthedoor：指为成功迈入某一行业而迈出的第一步例：IknewthatIcouldprovemyselftobeavaluableassettothecompany,ifonlyIcouldgetaleginthedoor.★aliehasnolegs：撒谎是站不住脚的★costanarmandaleg：花费极大；价格昂贵例：I'msickofpayingrentinthistown.It'scostingmeanarmandaleg!★getalegupon(someone)：形容在某一方面比某人有优势例：I'vebeenpracticingallsummerlong,andnowI'vefinallygottenaleguponKeithintennis.★haveahollowleg：形容酒量/饭量大例：Thewayshedrinksonanightout,you'dswearshehasahollowleg.★legwork：跑腿工作例：I'mtoooldtodothegardeningonmywholeproperty,soeachsummerIhireacoupleoflocalteenagerstodothelegwork.16.Spit★spitintheocean：微小的或无关紧要的数量例：Iappreciateyourdonation,butwithhowmuchtheserepairswillcost,acouplehundredbucksisspitintheocean.★bethespitandimageof(someone)：与某人长得相似例：Wow,youarejustthespitandimageofyourmother!Iwasabouttocallyoubyhername.★eatthemeatandspitoutthebones：将有价值的信息和无效的信息分开例：Don'tgethunguponoutdatedterminologyinyourstudies—justeatthemeatandspitoutthebones.★spitinsomeone'seye：轻视/蔑视某人例：Manyfeltthatthejudgespatinthevictim'seyebygivingtheperpetratorsuchashortprisonsentence.【相似表达：spitintheeyeof】★spitandpolish：指对细节的关注，特别是在外观和个人仪表方面例：Ourmanagerdemandsspitandpolishwheneverwecleanupthekitchenattheendofthenight.17.Flower★heartsandflowers：多愁善感例：Thepremiseisactuallyprettyinteresting,butthedialogueinthesebooksisallheartsandflowers.★floweroftheflock：鹤立鸡群；某一集体中出类拔萃的人物例：Yourcupcakesarejustthefloweroftheflock—thereisnobetteritematthebakesale.★intheflowerofyouth：风华正茂之时例：You'restillintheflowerofyouryouth—youhaveplentyoftimetofigureoutwhatyouwanttodowithyourlife.★(as)delicateasaflower：形容非常脆弱，容易受伤例：Sheamixedmartialartistwhocouldknockyourblockoffnow,butshewasdelicateasaflowerwhenshewasakid.★theflowerof(something)：(某物的)精华；最佳部分例：Thoughmanyworrythelegislationwillhampertradewithforeigncountries,I'mhopefulthatitwillhelpnurtureandcultivatethefloweroflocalindustries.18.State★afinestateofaffairs：指情况不妙,处境不妙例：Well,thisisafinestateofaffairswe'reinnow.Theclientdoesn'tlikethejobwe'vedone,andtheywantitfixedinlessthanaweek.★deepstate：深层国家【资深精英阶层管理国家运作的统称,主要是美国高层政治生态。】★bellwetherstate：大选领头羊州/风向标州【指倾向于投票给获胜的总统候选人的州。俄亥俄州（Ohio）就是一个典型的风向标州。】例：Ohioisfamouslyabellwetherstate.Ifthesenatorcanwinhere,she'snearlyassuredtowinthepresidency.★Bluestate：蓝州【大多数选民倾向于投票给民主党的州。】★Purplestate/Swingstate：紫色州/摇摆州【某州选民们对民主党和共和党的支持比率相对平均分配的大州被称为摇摆州。这些州的投票结果很难预测。】★somethingisrotteninthestateofDenmark：指事情有点不对头；情况很糟例：