网联自动驾驶汽车（CAV）将推动香港智慧出行发展进程（英）

governmentrevisedandintroducedregulationsenhancesmartmobilityandspecificallytheCAVtechnology.Thisinitiativefurtherstrengthensourimprovingtransportandenergyefficiency,andupliftingthetravelexpcapabilities,supplyoftalent,andaccesstofunding,theNetherlands,Singapore,theUnitedKingdomforHongKong.ThroughmarketinsightsandoftheuniquelandscapeofMainlandChina,theopportunities,thusestablishingcleardevelopmentthefoundation,coordinatinganddeepeningtheCONTENTSIntroductionIntroduction2UnitedKingdomStrategicStrategicAspirationApplicationAreasStrategicInitiatives2environmentthatencouragescollaborationandfostercity’stransitionintothesmartmobilityera.AmpapplicationsandcommeLEVEL2LEVEL3LEVEL1LEVEL4LEVEL5LEVEL2LEVEL3LEVEL1LEVEL4LEVEL5LEVELLEVEL0200020002000+2010+2021+2025+2030+spotmonitoring,reducehumananderraticbehaviour,significantlyimprovingprogrammedtomaintainsafeandcodistancesbetweenvehicles,minimisingstop-•Environmentalsustainabilitygains:CAVgreenhousegasemissionsbyminimisingautomation,AVrelitasks.Occupantscanutilisetheirtimeandincreasedindependenceandfreedomtoenhancingtheirself-sufficiencyandmobility4tointeractwithtrafficelementsandsurroundings.namelyVehicle-to-vehicle(V2V)6,Vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I)7,Vehicle-to-pedestrian(V2P)8,environmentalperceptiontechnology,preciseperceptiontechnology,high-definitionmappingcollectdatafromthesurroundingenvironment,includingtheroadsideandtrafficconditions.dataisprocessedbyin-vehiclecomputingarethenconvertedintovehiclebehaviourthroughtheexecutioninvolvesprecisevehiclemotioncontrolandcomputer-humaninteractions.Controlsignalsaregeneratedforvario6primarilyconcentratesonR&D,testing,andtheproductionofautomotiveandtechnologicalcomponents.GlobalautomakerbrandsheavilyinvestinR&Dcentrestodiscoverproprietaryandgovernment-fundedresearchcentres,fosterinnovationthroughR&D.TheydrivetechnologiesandsystemsforCAV,withuniversitiesfocusingontheoreticalconceptsandappliedresearchcentresdevelopingpracticalsolutionsforspecificchallenges.Manufacturers(OBMs)andOriginalEquipment•Serviceproviders:Serviceprovidersoffvalue-addedservicestoenhancetheusernavigationserviceproviders,maintenancemiddlemen,andintelligenttransportsystemoperators.Meanwhile,vehicleexperienceprovidersencompassentertainmentequipmentsupplementaryvalue-addingservicestoendincluderide-sharingcompaniesandcarrierdevelopmentofthehighlyverticallyintegratedCAVindustryvaluechain,ensuringaconduciveenvironmentfortesting,deployment,andpolicysupport.Physicalinfrastructureenablers,digitalinfrastructureproviders,andpublicsectorentities8104.18104.18.6%37CAVIntroductionUnitedUnitedStatesofAmericaUnitedUnitedKingdom16.926%280口口吆51.4%10.8%8,592TheNetherlandsTheNetherlandsSingaporeSingaporeKoreaKorea50341CAVIntroductionKOREA100,339516100,339(2019-2022)1.2%(2019-2022)1.2%1.67(2023)10.8%Koreaintroducedthe“MobilityInnoacomprehensivereal-timecommunicationinfracargotransportation22,andHyundaisuccessfirstself-drivingtractor24.Furthermore,thegovernmhasactivelyengagedinpubliceducationtoenhanceconsumersentimenttowardsCAVIntroductionguidelinestoaddressethical,cybersecurity,andsafetyconside•The“AmendmenttotheCompensationGuaranteeAct”providesaliabilityowner’sinsurancecoversdamagescompanytoseekindemnificationfromthemanufacturerforvehicledefects.transportsystemthatintelligentandefficiency.controlcentreforsafetyinformationtransmissi•TheKoreaAdvancedInstituteofSciencautonomousdrivingtechnologydetopicsincluding“SmartTransportation”33.smartmobility35.Koreaprovidesextensivefundingsup•TheMOLITestablishedthe“LandTra•Korea’svibrantventurecapitalecosystemhasattractedsignificantfundingforCAVdevelopment37.Thecountry'sInformationandCommunicationinvestments,highlightingthefocusonfosteringtechnologicaladvCAVIntroductionTHENETHERLANDS)42441,54341,54310.0(2023)8.2%(2019-2022)2.9%pillarsbehindtheNetherland’sgrowthincludetradingandlogistics,agriculture,utilisation,safertrafficmanagement,andenvironmentalpreseInJuly2022,level3autonomouscarswereauthorisedtspecifiedconditions48.AVintransportation,leisure,andagricultureindisleveragingautonomouspopulationhasdemonstratedahigheracceptanceofAVsolidifyingtheNetherlands’CAVIntroductionprogressiveregulations•Regulationsfacilitatinadriverpresent,butwithremotemonitoringrequpublic-privatepartnershipinvolvingthTheNetherlandsgovernmenthaspri•TheDutchintelligenttrafficcontroldevices(iVRIs)incommunicationbetweenvehiclesandtrafficlightsthroughsmartphoneapps,currentlyoperationalinthecountry58.theautomotiveindustry,fostefacilitiesforbothvirtualandreal-lifetesting,providingopportunitiesforhands-oncommitmenttofundthedevelopmentandadvancementofsmartmobilityini•TheNetherlandshasestablishedvariousinnovattoadvancesmartmobility.The“DigitalInfrastructuondevelopingafuture-The“SmartMobilityProgramme”ofapproximatelyUSD4.1million,supportingresearchCAVIntroductionSINGAPORE5.5(2019-2022)5.5(2019-2022)2.3%)8,592734.3(2023)6441.4%644JointlyJointlypublishedbytheSingaporeanLandTransportAuthority(LTAIntelligentTransportationSocietyofSingapore(ITSS)inMobility2030”70providesstrategicleadership,guidance,andsupportforindustrypractitionerstolsystematicandcoordinatedmannerandcementtheCAVIntroductionaplatformforconductingpilottrialsandgatheringinsightstoinformthethesetrials,facilitatingthedevelopmentofeffecfeatureslikeroadsideparkingpaymentandrCCTVcameras,anddedicatedshort-rangecommunicationbeacons.Thesetrafficinformationtobothinfrastructureanddrivers.•LaunchedCETRAN,anenclosedtestcircuitforAVtesactivities.The1.8-hectaretrialzoneincludesfeatureslikearainsimulatorconditions.initiativessuchaseducationalprogrammes•TheLTAandeightindustrystakeholdersconductedanAVtrainingprogramme76in2019foraround100publicbusdriverstoacquiretheskillsneededtohandleautonomousbusesandpotentiallytransitionassafetyoperatorsasthe•AISingaporeandtheMinistryofDefencelaunchedagovernment-fundedCAVIntroductionUNITEDKINGDOM67.867.8)244,820280244,820(2019-2022)2.4%(2019-2022)2.4%3.07(2023)26%predominantlyspearheadedbytheirretail,financeindustries.85,highlightingtheopportunitiespresentedtnew“AutonomousVehicleBill”aiby2035.firstself-drivingelectricbusservicetrialatatechnologyparkinOxfordshire90.UKconsumersentimenttowardsAVremainsmixed,withaconsumersurvey91dself-drivingcarscouldmakeCAVIntroductionasacollaborativeplatform,bringingtogethertechnologmanufacturers,suppliers,academia,connectingCoventryandBirmingham,andtheConnectedandAutonomousVehicles:InfrastructureApptesting,includingmodelling,simulation,testing,andtrialdeploymentsinbothvirtualandphysicalenvirotransferableskillsforthefuturetransportsector.•TheUKoffersamplepublicfundingopportunitiestoindustryplayersthroughinitiativessuchasthe"CommercialisingConUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICA340.7340.7)379,834,000(2019-2022)6.0%(2019-2022)6.0%(2023)8.6%25.5TheUSautomotiveindustryisamainstayoftheireconomy,historicontributing3-3.5%todisruptions,andlaggingpandemiceffectrespectively109.Plan111outlinedtheirkeygoalsofpromotingtherehavebeennumecompany116.Furthermore,areadinessindexscore,and76%ofrespondentsstatingtheyneedmoreinformationonhowautonomousdrivingCAVIntroductionstandardsandliabilitiesftostrengthentheirregion'sinfrastructure.allocatedtoupgradepowerinfrastructure,particularlyttocollaborateondeployingAVtechnologies,enhancingsysteminteractioncapabilities,andaddressingunforeseenchallengesthroughworkshopsandcutting-edgeconnectedvehicletestbed122.Thistestbedfeatures50roadsideequipmentunits,advancinstitutionscollaborationsfurtherstrengthentheirtalentpool.•Academia-industrycollaestablishacertificateprogramme123fortrainingAVtruckdrivers.Additionindustrypartners.•TheUSDepartmentofTransportoffersfundingopportunitiessuchasthenewlyestablished"Sprogramme126providesgrantstosectorinitiallyattract3030CAVIntroduction KEYLESSONS LEARNED◎◎technologyrollouts,andpublicsafetyccongestion.Additionally,awell-maintainedroadinfrastructurecanensureaccuratehigh-definitionrobustdigitalinfrastructurecanenhancevehiclecommunications,AVdecision-m31SkillsTaskforce,canacceAcademicinstitutionsandmHigher-educationdegreesinCAVcanprovideboththeoreticalandpracticalNotably,EindhovenUniversityofTecautomotivedegreeprogrammesthatfostertalentfordrivinginnovationinthetransportsystemsandland3232CAVIntroductionCHINADEVELOPMENTtechnology,showcasingauniquefusionofglobaltotal,manufacturingaround82millionvehiclesin2022128.EV-orientedmarket.Inresponsetothegodirectives,bothdomesticandinternationalOEMshaveactivelyengagedinEVmanufacturingsince2018.ThisconcertedefforthaspropelledChinatobecomethelargestEVmarketworldwide,witharecordanimpressive28%130.33Implementablockchain-basedtransportationinformationsystemtosupportcomprehensiveinformationmonitortransportinfrastructuretofacilitateV2Xintegratedintelligenttransportationsystemthatencompassestheseamlessintegrationof“people,vehicles,roadinfrastructure,cloudtechnologies,andnetworkconnectivity”.3434CAVIntroductionP口此Ii仁=ti口口N=m=I==口i口二B口口y2016GuidelinesfortheCon《國家車聯網產業標準體系建設指南》2017GuidelinesfortheConstructiProductsandServices)《國家車聯網產業標準體系建設指南（電子產品與服務）》2017GuidelinesfortheConstructiCooperativeDriving)《國家車聯建設指南（智慧網聯汽車）》2018GuidelinesfortheConstructiRequirements)《國家車聯網產業標準體系建設指南（總體要求）》2019GuidelinesfortheCon(IntelligentVehicleManagement)《國家標準體系建設指南（車輛智慧管理）》2021OpinionsonStrengthenManufacturersandProducts（關於加強智慧網聯汽車生產企業及產品准入管理的意見）2021GuidelinesfortheCon(IntelligentTransportationRelated)《國家車聯網產業標準體系建設指南（智慧交通相關）》2021ComprehensiveTransp現代綜合交通運輸體系發展規劃》2022交通領域科技創新規劃》35China’sCAVindustryhasexperiencedsubstantialgrowthShanghaiareattheforefrontofcommercialisation,withsuccessfulautonomousride-sharingpilotsandgrantedroadtestinglicenses.Additionally,citieslikeChongqing,Wuhan,Guangzhou,andSIn2022,thesalesofnewpassengercarsequippedwithautonomousdrivingsystemsreached7millionunits132,representingapenetrationrateof23.5%oftotalcarsalesthatyear.Correspondingly,thedemandforsupplementaryproductsandservicesrelatedtoAVtechnologieshassurged.FromJanuarytoMay2023,theinsurancevolumeforlevel2oraboveAVreached3.1millionunits.frameworks,andlaunchingIndustryStandardisationBlueprint”(《國家車聯網產業標準體系建設指南》)133intestingandinterpretation.3636CAVIntroductionThegovernmentisactivelyadvancingtheintelligentroadinf發展規劃(2021-2035年)》(國辦發[2020]39號)).Theplanaimstoacceleratetheformulationofwirelesscommunication(C-V2X)stThecentralgovernmenthasactivelycollaboratedwithpractitionersandindustry•Chinahasexpandedtestingzonestoi•Chinahasestabltrainingprogrammesincompanies,nurturingskilledwithlimitedexperienceinautonomousdriving,enaprojectcontributionswithinsixmonthsofjoiningthecompany135.intheindustry.37GBADEVELOPMENTaccountingfor15.1%oftheindustry,particularlyintermsofvehicleproductionandcorecomponentmanufacturing.Hosting12vehiclemanufacturingcompaniautomotivecomponentmanufacturingandtradingenterprises136,accounting2022,thecityenactedthe“RegulationsontheManagementofIntelligentConnectedVehicles”(《深圳經濟特區智慧網聯汽車管理條例》)138,becomifirstinChinatoestabliinclusionoftheintelligentconnectedvehicleindustryinits“20+8”industrialclusterlistdemonstratesitandinnovation.38Zhaoqing38ZhaoqingCAVIntroductionPingshanDistrictfeaturesautonomousbuses,minibuses,taxis,unmannedFoshanFoshanHuizhou39HuizhouGuangzhouDongguanDongguanZhongshanZhongshanShenzhenShenzhenJiangmenJiangmenZhuhaiHONGHONGKONG40Region40RegionCAVIntroduction141The“GuangdongProvinceImplementationPlanfortheDevelopmentofAutomotiveIndustry–StrengthenSupplyChainProject”(《廣東省汽車零部件Target(《廣州市智慧與新能源汽車創新發展“十四五”規劃》)(2022-2025)”(《深圳市培育發展智慧網聯汽車產業集群14341Vehicles”(《關於智慧網聯汽車道路測試有關工作的指導意見》)144in2018hasestablishedacentralisedandstandardisedmaninthecity137.濟特區智慧網聯汽車管理條例》)145wservicemechanisms,contributingtotheresponsibleandefficientadvancesecurity,dataprotection,trafficviolations,andaccidenthandling.Thislegalof2022,ensuringcompreheonautonomousdrivingandvehicle-roadcoordinaunitsatselectedintersectionsandroadsections,facilitati4242CAVIntroductionIntelligentTransportationSystemdeployedatmorethan700intersectionsiintelligenttrafficcontrolscenarios.•Guangzhouhasals•ShenzhenhasbeenfacilitatingcollaborationsbetweenindustryplayersandForum2023,26companies,includingprominentorganisationslikeShenzhen•GuangzhouactivelycreatesasupportiveenvironmenttoattractinternationalfromtheGuangzhouMunicip43•TheGuangzhouIntelligentConnectedandNewEnergyVehicleElectroenterprises,improvingtheskillsandcompetenceofthei•Shenzhenuniversitiesofferpracticaltrainingandinternshipcollaborationsforcomponentmanufacturers•Guangzhouhasestablishedtargeted汽車及核心零部件產業穩鏈補鏈強鏈的若干措施》)152,uptoUSD77millionisindustrychain.•TheShenzhengovernmentoffersamplefinandedicatedtestfields153.automotive,pharmaceutical,andsemiconductor,attractingnearly100venturecapitalfirms154.4444CAVIntroductionGUANGZHOUPolicyandRegulationSupportiveandstandardisedroadtestinFacilitatenetworkingandcollaborationopportunitiesthroughhostingvariousIncreaseflexibilityintheregulInfrastructureR&DCapabilitiesContinuouscollaborationbetweenindustry,academia,anSupplyofTalentAccesstoFundingrelaxingstrictqualificationstandards,tohelpthemovercomefun45SHENZHENPolicyandRegulationInfrastructureEfficientandpredictabletrafficenvironmentachievedfromtheimplementationofR&DCapabilitiesActiveindustrycollaborationinShenSupplyofTalentInternshipswithCAVenterprisesoffervdiversedisciplines,promotinginterdisciplinarycollaborationandinnovationAccesstoFundingTheShenzhengovernmentshouldtakeintoaccounawell-roundedindustryde4646CAVIntroductionHONGKONGDEVELOPMENTThegovernment’scomprehensivesupport,asoutfundingfornewenergyresearchanddevelopment,andtheimpofchargingstations155havecontributedtotheremarkable47market.pedestrians,roadsideinfrastructure,andcloudnetworks.Thegovernment’scommitmenttoincorporatingV2Xtechnologyintothedevelopmentmobilitywasfurtheremphasisandimplementingcross-bayareaautono4848CAVIntroduction201920212020201920214920232023160CAVIntroductionroleinfacilitatingcollaborationamongindTelecommunicationsLimitedandHuaweiTechnologiesCo.Ltdachievementsintocommercialproductsthroughcollaborationswithindustry,hasachievedtremendoussuccessinsupportingsupplefreshfruit,vegetablesasrefusecollectionvehiclesandconstructiontrEstablishedin1967,theHKPCisamulti-disciplinaryorganisationstrivesatpromotingproductivityexcellenceinHongKongenteindustries,enterprises,andworld-classR&Dinstitutestodevelopappliedautomotive,mobilenetworks,transportationandinfrastructureindustriestocommutingconvenience,roadnetworkefficiency,anddrivingsafetyconnectsstakeholders,facilitateskpartnershipswithtechvenofCAVapplications.In2022,HKSTPopenedafulltestsiteforUCAVIntroductionCyberportisHongKong’sdigitaltechnologyflagshipandincubatorforstartupswithcomprehensivesupportsuchasmentorship,marketing,tesManagement,