高考英语一轮预习案第一部分选修六Module5

Module5CloningⅠ.情景默写1.WhenIsawheryesterday，shewasacpanied(陪伴)byherboyfriend.2.Itsuddenlyoccurredtothedetectivethatthemillionairewasprobablymurdered(谋杀)byhisowndaughter.3.Theworldeconomiccrisisarose(发生)，buttheglobaleconomybegantorecoververysoon.4.Hecontrasted(对照)hissufferingsintheoldsocietywithhishappinessinthenewone.5.Absorbed(沉迷于)intheresearch，thescientistdidn’theartheexplosion.6.Shehastakenalotofdifferentmedicines，butnonehascured(治愈)thedisease.7.Shewasterrified(害怕的)whensheheardthenoisefromoutside.8.Researchersfoundthatpeopleborninthesummerweremorelikelytochangequicklybetweensadandhappyemotions(情绪).9.Ijumpedupandstartedchasing(追赶)thethiefdownthestreet，calling“stop！”10.Havingbeenrefused(拒绝)manytimes，thedeterminedmandidn’tgiveupandwasfinallyofferedapositioninthefirm.11.Itiswellknownthatsportsarebeneficial(有益的)tobuildingourbodies.12.Icouldn’tresist(忍住)tellinghimthesecret.13.IapologizedtohimbecauseItookhisumbrellabymistake(错误地).14.Relyingon(依靠)theirownefforts，theyovercameallthedifficultiesandfinishedthetaskaheadoftime.15.OnlywhentheEuropeancountries’financialsystembrokedown(出问题)didtheydecidetotakemeasurestodealwiththoseproblems.16.Theplanegotoutofcontrol(失控)andcrashedintothesea.Ⅱ.词性转换1.Theappealofironasabuildingmaterialliesinitsstrength，itsresistance(resist)tofire，anditspotentialtospan(跨越)vastareas.2.EveryoneknowsthebenefitoflearningEnglishandifyouworkhard，itwillbebeneficialtoyourfuturecareer.ItisreportedthatmanygraduateshavebenefitedfromhavingagoodmandofEnglish.(beneficial)3.Thedogisagoodpanionanditkeepsthelittlegirlpanyallthetime，andevenacpanieshertoschool.(acpany)4.ThetrafficaccidentthathappenedyesterdayterrifiedMary.Itwasreallyaterrifyingexperiencetoher，andnowsheisstillterrifiedatthethoughtofgettingonabus.(terrify)5.Hetookadeepbreath(breathe)tobreathethefreshair.1.句型公式：while＋v.－ing当……时候读书时，我们应该与书保持一定的距离以保护我们的眼睛。Whilereading，weshouldkeepacertaindistancefromthebooktoprotectoureyes.2.句型公式：wish＋宾语从句(虚拟语气)他希望昨天抓住了那次机会并且希望今天会有好运。Hewishesthathehadseizedthechanceyesterdayandwisheshewouldhavegoodlucktoday.第一板块核心词汇1.beneficialadj.有益的；有用的高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/一句多译①Shealsosaysthateachgroupmembercanbenefitfrom/byworkingtogether.②Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitalforthebenefitofallitscitizens.(福建卷)③Readingwidelyandregularlywillbebeneficial(benefit)toyourEnglish.►据说瑜伽对人体健康有益处。④It’ssaidthatYogaisverybeneficialtohumanhealth.(beneficial)⑤It’ssaidthatYogaisofgreatbenefittohumanhealth.(benefitn.)状元笔记全记牢(1)bebeneficialto对……有利/益处(2)benefitv.有利于，受益获利n.益处，好处benefitfrom/by从……中获益；得益于forthebenefitofsb＝forone’sbenefit为了某人的利益beofbenefitto对……有益处2.curev.治愈；治疗n.治愈；治疗高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/句式升级①Manybadhabitscanbeespeciallydifficulttocure(cure)becausetheyarelikelytohavebeenformedataveryyoungage.(2015·湖北卷)②Thefactisthatthemedicinecan’tcurehisfatherofhiscancer.③Chinesescientistsareabsorbedinfurtherresearchtofindacureofcancer.of→for④Manybadhabitsareespeciallydifficulttocure.→It’sespeciallydifficulttocuremanybadhabits.(it作形式主语)状元笔记全记牢curesbofsth治愈某人的疾病；消除某人的忧虑acurefor...……的治疗方法；……的解决方法【点津】与cure结构相似的词汇：①robsbofsth抢劫某人的……②cheatsbofsth骗某人的……③informsbofsth通知某人某事④remindsbofsth使某人想起某事3.resistv.抗拒；对抗；反抗；抵抗；忍住(一般用于否定式)高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/句型转换①Iknowitistimeformetosetouttodomyhomework，butIjustcan’tresistplaying(play)putergames.②Amongthemarespecialwindowsthatareresistant(resist)todirtandwater.③Vitaminscanbuildupyourresistance(resist)tocoldsandflu.④Whenstayingwiththem，hecouldn’thelpplayingajokeonthem.→Whenstayingwiththem，hecouldn’tberesistanttoplayingajokeonthem.→Whenstayingwiththem，hecouldn’tresistplayingajokeonthem.状元笔记全记牢(1)resist(doing)sth反对(干)某事can’tresistdoingsth＝can’thelpdoingsth忍不住做……(2)resistantadj.对……有抵抗力的，抵制的，反抗的，抗拒的beresistantto对……有抵抗力(3)resistancen.抵抗；反对【点津】resist表示“忍住”时，常与表示否定意义的can’t/canhardly/benotableto连用；resist后常接动词ing形式，不接不定式。4.absorbv.吸收；理解；掌握；吸引(兴趣)；使专心高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/句式升级①Atthestation，theposterofthenewfilmabsorbed(absorb)myattention.②Thenovelwassoabsorbing(absorb)thatshereadonwithoutabreakevenforgettingfoodandsleep.③Whendeeplyabsorbinginwork，whichheoftenwas，hewouldforgetallabouteatingorsleeping.(北京卷)absorbing→absorbed④Tomwasabsorbedinwatchingthebasketballmatchandhedidn’tnoticehisclassmateinguptohim.→Absorbedinwatchingthebasketballmatch，Tomdidn’tnoticehisclassmateinguptohim.(分词短语作状语)状元笔记全记牢(1)absorb/attract/drawone’sattention吸引某人的注意力(2)absorbedadj.精力集中的beabsorbedin＝absorboneselfin专心致志于；全神贯注于(3)absorbingadj.十分吸引人的；引人入胜的【点津】beabsorbedin(doing)sth结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbedin...。类似的还有：belostin...专心致志于……；becaughtin...被困在……；beburiedin...埋头于……；bedevotedto...致力于……，专心于……；beinvolvedin...专注于……5.breakdown分解，故障，(身体)垮掉；(谈判等)破裂高考必刷题练透写出下列句中breakdown的含义①Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead，becausetheair－conditioningsystembrokedown.(陕西卷)(机器)出故障②Thepeacetalksbrokedownwithnoagreementreached.(谈判)失败③Hishealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.(身体)垮掉④Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence，youmustbreakitdownintoparts.(湖北卷)分解状元笔记全记牢breakin强行进入；打断(谈话)，插嘴breakinto闯入，破门而入breakout爆发，突然发生breakthrough突破；克服，战胜breakup解散；结束；拆散第二板块经典句式6.Iwish＋thatclause...“但愿……”高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/单句改错/完成句子①Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishIdanced(dance)aswellasher.(2015·陕西卷)②IwishIhadbeen(be)atmysister’sweddinglastTuesday，butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.(2015·天津卷)③—I’mgoingtoSanFranciscoforacoupleofdays.—Ireallyenvyyou.IwishIwould/couldget(get)awayforawhile.④Amanwhowisheshaveacareerhastomakeagreatmanysacrifices.have→tohave⑤我们祝你新年快乐。WewishyouaHappyNewYear.⑥他的数学没考及格。我多么希望他早听从你的建议。Hefailedinthemathsexam.HowIwishhehadtakenyouradvice.状元笔记全记牢wish后跟that引导的宾语从句，表示某种强烈而又难以实现的愿望，所以从句中要用虚拟语气。从句中的谓语形式如下：(1)did/were(表示与现在事实相反的愿望)(2)haddone/been(表示与过去事实相反的愿望)(3)would/could/might＋动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的愿望)【点津】wish后可接双宾语，也可接复合宾语，跟动词时，要跟不定式形式。Ⅰ.课文语法填空Frankenstein，1.ayoungscientist，discoversthesecretofhowtocreatelifewhile2.studying(study)atuniversity.Usingbonesfromdeadbodies，hecreatesacreaturethatresemblesahumanbeingandgives3.itlife.Thecreatureisthe4.ugliest(ugly)thingFrankensteinhaseverseen，andhemakesthepeoplearound5.terrified(terrify).WhenFrankensteinrefuses6.tocreate(create)awifeforhim，themonster7.murders(murder)Frankenstein’sbrother，hisnewwifeandhisbestfriend.Frankensteinregretswhathe8.hasdone(do).Inordertodestroythecreature，thescientistchaseshimtotheArctic，9.wherehedies.10.Intheend，themonsterdisappearsintotheiceandsnow.Ⅱ.课文短文改错Isitpossibletoclonedinosaurs?ItiswellknownthatdinosaurDNAwouldnotintactafterthelongperiodoftimesincetheirextinct.Whenlifeends，DNAbreaksoutanddoesn’trepairit.Soclonedinosaursseemsscientificallyimpossible.Theworldisnotreadyforthemandthematerialsneededarenotyetavailable.Evenifitwaspossibletobringdinosaursbacktothelifetheyprobablecouldnotsurviveinthepresent－dayenvironment.Temperature，air，disease，andplantarealldifferenttodaythanintheeraofdinosaurs.Dinosaursareusedtoliveinapletelydifferentworldandwouldfinddifficultylivinghere.答案Isitpossibletoclonedinosaurs?ItiswellknownthatdinosaurDNAwouldnotintactafterthelongperiodoftimesincetheireq\f(extinct,extinction).Whenlifeends，DNAbreakseq\f(out,down)anddoesn’trepaireq\f(it,itself).Soeq\f(clone,cloning)dinosaursseemsscientificallyimpossible.Theworldisnotreadyforeq\f(them,it)andthematerialsneededarenotyetavailable.Evenifitwaspossibletobringdinosaursbacktoeq\a\vs4\al(the)lifetheyeq\f(probable,probably)couldnotsurviveinthepresent－dayenvironment.Temperature，air，disease，andeq\f(plant,plants)arealldifferenttodaythanintheeraofdinosaurs.Dinosaursareusedtoeq\f(live,living)inapletelydifferentworldandwouldfinddifficultylivinghere.Ⅲ.教材与写作假设你是李华，你班的同学关于克隆展开了讨论。内容要点如下：1.有些人赞成：可被用来治疗疾病，对人类有益；2.有些人反对：可能创造怪物，世界会遭到破坏；3.我的观点：使用恰当，有益人类。注意：1.请根据以上提示写一篇50词左右的短文；2.尽量使用本模块的知识点；3.可适当增加细节。【参考范文】Myclassmateshaveaheateddiscussionaboutcloning.Someareforitbecausetheythinkcloningcanbeusedtocuresomediseases，whichisbeneficialtohumanbeings.However，othersdon’tagree.Theyholdtheviewthatscientistmaycreatemonstersbymistake.Ifthemonstersgotoutofcontrol，theworldwouldbedestroyed.Everycoinhastwosides.Inmyopinion，ifitisusedcorrectly，itwillbenefitus.Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018·甘肃兰州高考诊断考试)“Mostepisodesofabsent－mindedness—forgettingwhereyouleftsomethingorwonderingwhyyoujustenteredaroom—arecausedbyasimplelackofattention，”saysSchacter.“Your’resupposedtoremembersomething，butyouhaven’tencodeditdeeply.”Encoding，Schacterexplains，isaspecialwayofpayingattentiontoaneventthathasamajorimpactonrecallingitlater.Failuretoencodeproperlycancreateanannoyingsituation.Ifyouputyourmobilephoneinapocket，forexample，anddon’tpayattentiontowhatyoudidbecauseyou’reinvolvedinaconversation，you’llprobablyforgetthatthephoneisinthejacketnowhanginginyourwardrobe(衣柜).“Yourmemoryitselfisn’tfailingyou，”saysSchacter.“Rather，youdidn’tgiveyourmemorysystemtheinformationitneeded.”Lackofinterestcanalsoleadtoabsent－mindedness.“Amanwhorecitessportsstatisticsfrom30yearsago，”saysZelinski，“maynotremembertodropaletterinthemailbox.”Womenhaveslightlybettermemorythanmen，possiblybecausetheyaremoreinterestedinwhat’shappeningaroundthem，andmemoryreliesonjustthat.“Visualcues(提示)canhelppreventabsent－mindedness，”saysSchacter.“Butbesurethecueisclearandavailable，”hecautions.Ifyouwanttoremembertotakeamedicationwithlunch，putthepillbottleonthekitchentable—don’tleaveitinthemedicinechestandwriteyourselfanotethatyoukeepinapocket.Anothermonepisodeofabsent－mindedness:walkingintoaroomandwonderingwhyyou’rethere.Mostlikely，youwerethinkingaboutsomethingelse.“Everyonedoesthisfromtimetotime，”saysZelinski.Thebestthingtodoistoreturntowhereyouwerebeforeenteringtheroom，andyou’lllikelyremember.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了心不在焉的原因以及相应的应对策略。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“episodes”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Experiences. B.Experiments.C.Expressions. D.Feelings.答案A[词义猜测题。根据文章第一段和最后一段的第一句可推知，episode指的是心不在焉的一种经历，故选A。experience“经历”。]2.Accordingtothepassage，womenhavebettermemorythanmenprobablybecause.A.theyhaveawiderrangeofinterestsB.theyalwaysputthingswheretheywereC.theypaymoreattentiontotheirenvironmentD.theyprefertowritenotestotellthemselveswhattheyshoulddo答案C[细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知，女性比男性更关注周围的环境，因此记忆力要好些。]3.Whatcanhelppreventabsent－mindednessaccordingtoSchacter?A.Writingnotes.B.Takingsomemedicine.C.Puttingsomethinginsight.D.Returningtowhereyouwere.答案C[细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知，Schacter认为人们可以用可视性提示来规避心不在焉。A项和B项均是文中列举的具体事例，并不是建议；D项是Zelinski提供的应对策略，故排除。]4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AWayofRecallingB.TheImportanceofEncodingC.CuresforAbsent－mindednessD.CausesandCopingStrategiesofAbsent－mindedness答案D[标题归纳题。根据文章中的高频词“absent－mindedness”和对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲的是心不在焉的原因及其应对策略，故选D。]Ⅱ.七选五(2018·新疆普通高考第二次适应性检测)HowtoOvereShynessDoesthethoughtoftalkinginfrontofpeoplemakeyoushy？Ifso，youarefarfromalone.Manypeopleintheworldsufferfrommildtoextremeshynessandarestrugglingtoovereit.Rememberthatbreakingoutfromthatshelldoesn’tmagicallyhappenovernight.1You’reontherighttrackbyjustreadingthisarticle—nowlet’skeepgoing.Figureoutyourreasons.Doyoubeeshyinfrontofnewaudience？Orwhensurroundedbypeopleyouknowandadmire？Trytofindoutthethoughtsthatgothroughyourheadrightbeforetheshynesshits.Chancesarethatnotallsituationsmakeyoushy.You’reokaybeingaroundyourfamily，right？Aretheydifferentfromthestrangersaroundyou？Ofcoursenot.23For99%ofus，webeeshywhenwethinkifwespeakuporstandout，we’llembarrassourselves.That’swhyit’simportanttofocusonothers.Whenwestopfocusingonourselves，westopworryingaboutourperformance.Practicespeakingclearlytoyourself.Youhavegottenusedtohearingyourownvoice！Recordyourselfpretendingtohaveconversations.Soundsridiculous，sure，butyou’llnoticepatterns，whenandwhyyoustop，etc.Atthebeginningyou’llfeellikeanactor，butitwillbeeanoldhabit.4Don’tpareyourselftoothers.Themoreyoupareyourselftoothers，themoreyouwillfeelthatyouarenotabletomeasureup.5Evenifyoudo，doitrealistically.Everyoneelsehashisownconfidenceproblems，too!A.Placeyourattentiononothers.B.Practicemakeshabits，youknow.C.Takethechallengeandfaceitbravely.D.Thereisnouseparingyourselftoanybodyelse.E.Ittakestime，effortsandofcoursethedesiretochange.F.Youjustknowthembetterandwhat’smore，theyknowyou.G.Thereasonforyourshynessisthatyouarelackinginconfidence.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了克服在公众面前讲话害羞的方法和策略。1.E[根据上文可推知，克服害羞不是一夜之间就能做到的，还需要些其他的努力，所以选E项。]2.F[根据上文可推知，此处讲述在家人面前不会害羞，这是因为家人之间互相了解，故选F项。]3.A[根据下文可知，本段主要讲述关注他人而不是自己就不会害羞了，所以选A项作本段的主题句。]4.B[根据本段主题句“Practicespeakingclearlytoyourself.”及空前一句可知，此处讲的是练习的作用，故选B项。]5.D[根据本段主题句“Don’tpareyourselftoothers.”可推知，D项“将自己与其他任何人作比较是没有用的”符合文意，所以选D项。]Ⅲ.完形填空(2018·江西九江二模)Thatwasasunnyday.MyfatherandIwereontheway1myuncle’shome.Peopleonthestreetwerewalkingleisurelyandchatting2，whilemyfatherwaswalkinginahurry.Itriedmybestto3him.ButIwasstillleftbehind.Icouldnotunderstandwhyhe4sofast.Duetothefastspeed，Ilostmy5andwaspletelywithsweat.Somehow，Ibegantobeangryathim.Healwaysdidnotthinkaboutmy6.“Whydoyouwalksofast?Don’tyouseemebehindyou？”Isaid7.“Youarealwayslikethis.Whymustyou8soloudly？”hesaidandhisfacegotredrightaway.Infact，Ideliberatelyspokeloudlyandmadehimangry.“Itisyour9！”Ishoutedathimimmediately.“Youalwaysliketo10others！”hecriedout.Thismademefallintoarage(愤怒).Thenwe11onthestreet.Whateverhesaid，Iquicklyansweredback.Atthattime，Iwaslikeawildbeast，losingmytemper.Manypeoplestoppedtolookatus.Iwasso12thatIcouldfeelmyfaceburning，forIsawsomepeople13me，whichmademeloseface.Itouchedmyface14glaredathim.“Iwillnevertalktohim，”Isaidtomyselfangrily.15couldmakepeopleforgeteverythingthatyourbelovedhaddoneforyou.WhenIwenttocollege，Istillhatedhim.Ididnotsayanythingtohim,16Iwerenothisdaughter.AlwaysIpretendedtoplainthatIwastoo17whenhecalledme.However，itwashistearsfromtheworn－out18thatmademefeelguiltywhenwemet.Hehadgivenmeeverythinghehad，butIcouldnot.19，IrealizedthatIshouldnothatehim.NowIbegintophonehimandaskhimtotakecareofhimself.Althoughsometimesparentswill20wrong，theyjusthopewecanbebetter.【语篇导读】作者因一件小事和父亲在大街上争吵，致使自己颜面尽失，于是下定决心不再与父亲说话。但随着岁月的流逝，作者意识到是愤怒让自己忘记了自己最爱的人为自己所做的一切，于是逐渐改变了自己对父亲的态度。1.A.atB.to C.for D.of答案B[根据语境可知，作者与父亲是在去叔叔家的路上。onthewayto...意为“在去……的路上”，符合语境。故选B项。]2.A.perfectly B.eagerlyC.anxiously D.enjoyably答案D[此处是说作者和父亲走得比较匆忙，而街上的其他人走得比较悠闲，边走边开心地(enjoyably)聊着天。故选D项。]3.A.makefunof B.catchupwithC.makewayfor D.getridof答案B