Unit 5 单元测试题-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册(含答案)

Unit5LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLD

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

AMTRAKTURNS50

Amtrak,America'snationalrailroadnetwork,wassetuphalfacenturyago.We

celebrateAmtrak'sroutes（路线）overUSrailways.

LOSANGELES

65HRS20MINS,TexasEagle,2,728miles

EMERYVILLE

51HRS20MINS,CaliforniaZephyr,2,438miles

PORTLAND

46HRS,EmpireBuilder,2,255miles

SEATTLE

46HRS,EmpireBuilder,2,205miles

Innumbers

184

ThenumberofAmtraktrainsrunningeachdayin1971.Today,itruns300

daily,carryingnearly85,700passengers.

32.5m

ThenumberofAmtrakpassengertripsmadeinthe2019fiscalyear（财政年

度）.

21,000

ThenumberofroutemilescoveredbyAmtrak.Ittakesin46states,aswellas

Washington,D.C.andthreeCanadianprovinces（省）.

Builtin1955,Amtrak'sold-styleGreatDomerailcarshowedlandscapes（风

景）inCalifornia,NewMexico,Arizonaand-itsfinaltourofduty（责任）in

2019一AlbanytoMontreal,aprizeticketinleaf-peepingseason.

Allchange:Youcan'tcrosstheUSononetrain.Routesthattraveleastand

westendinChicagoorNewOrleans.

ThefirsttrainrunbyAmtrakin1971wasTheClocker,whichheadedto

PhiladelphiafromNewYorkCityshortlyaftermidnight.

21.Whichofthefollowingroutesisthelongest?

A.LOSANGELES-CHICAGO.

B.EMERYVILLE-CHICAGO.

C.PORTLAND-CHICAGO.

D.SEATTLE-CHICAGO.

22.Whatdoesthenumber"21,000“referto?

A.DailyAmtrakpassengers.

B.PlacesAmtrakhasvisited.

C.MoneyAmtrakmadein2019.

D.RoutemilescoveredbyAmtrak.

23.WhatdoweknowaboutAmtrak?

A.ItallowspeopletocrosstheUSononetrain.

B.ItsentpassengerstoNewYorkCityatfirst.

C.ItsservicecoverstheU.S.only.

D.Itsfirsttrainsetoutin1971.

WhenIfirstmovedtoChinain1998,1thoughtIwouldimpressmyclassby

usingsomeChineseinmyspeechaboutAmericanweddings（婚礼）.Itoldthem

everyonebringsagifttotheweddingforthecouple.AssoonasIsaidthis,allofthe

studentslookedsurprised.IknewIhadsaidsomethingwrong.Irealizedthatinstead

oftellingthemthateverybodybringsgiftstothehunliforthecouple,Ihadsaid

peoplebringgiftsforthematthelihun\

IgetlaughsfromsomeofmystudentsbecauseIoftenmakemistakesandmy

Chinesesoundsstrangeattimes.ButItellthemthatsometimestheirEnglishisreally

strangetoo.

Oneasks,66Whatareyouliketodoinyourfreetime?^^Andtheotheranswers,atI

verylikebasketball.^^IfindthatevengoodEnglishspeakersmakesuchmistakes.The

secondisbyfarthemostcommonmistakeIhaveheardamongChineseEnglish

speakers.ItisaresultoffirstthinkinginChineseandthentranslatingeachwordin

thesentenceintoEnglish.This,ofcourse,makessomeChinesepeople'sEnglish

soundstrange.

“Weshouldgetoffthecarhere,“astudenttoldme.Myschoolhadaskedtwo

studentstoshowmearoundthecitybytaxi.InEnglishcountries,we“getoff“abike,

bus,ortrain.However,whenweleaveacar,wesay“getoutofthecar”.Perhapsthe

studenthadlearned"getoff“meansxiainChineseandhethoughtthephrase（短语）

couldbefollowedbyanymeansoftransportation.Toavoidsuchmistakes,you

shouldtakecollocations（搭酉己）seriously.Onlylearningvocabularyandgrammaris

notenough.

Someofmystudentssoundmorelikeabookormachinethanahuman.Perhaps

theyhavegottenusedtodependingonbooks.YoucanalsoreadEnglishbooksout

loudoruseaCD,butyouneedtherealthing.Ifyouhaveachancetohearanative

speakerfromanEnglish-speakingcountry,practicerepeatingwhatyouhear.They

canteachyouhowtohaveaconversation.

24.Whydidthestudentsfeelsurprised?

A.Americanweddingsaredifficulttoorganize.

B.Theauthor'sChinesewasasfluentasChinese.

C.TheauthorusedacompletelywrongChineseword.

D.EveryonemustbringagifttoanAmericanwedding.

25.WhatcancausestrangeEnglishinChinaaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Spellingmistakes.

B.Directtranslation.

C.Culturaldifference.

D.Wrongpronunciations.

26.Whatcanweinferaboutthestudentwhosaid"Weshould...here"?

A.Hemightbepooratvocabulary.

B.Hemightmistake“car”for“taxi”.

C.Hemightknowverylittleaboutthecity.

D.Hemightpaylittleattentiontocollocations.

27.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshareinthelastparagraph?

A.CommonmistakesmadebyChineseEnglishlearners.

B.DifferencesbetweenChineseandAmericanculture.

C.Suggestionsonimprovingconversationalskills.

D.HisexperienceoflearningEnglish.

C

ExpertsbelievethebasisoftheGermanlanguage,Proto-Germanic,beganto

developabout2000BCE,aspeoplebegantoliveinwesternareasoftheBalticSea.

OneofthefirsteverrecordsoftheGermanlanguagedatesbacktothe1stcentury

BCEwhentheRomanscameacrosspeoplefromtheRhine-Danubearea.

ThemodemGermanweknowtodayislikelytobeunrecognisablefromthe

languagethattheRomansfirstexperienced.Ithasgonethroughmanychanges,from

OldHighGerman(fromabout700CEtotheeleventhcentury),MiddleHighGerman

（fromabout1050to1350）,EarlyNewHighGerman（1350to1600）toNewHigh

German（fromabout1600tothepresent）.

Aswithmanylanguages,Germanhasdevelopedalongwithsocietyand

sociopolitical（社会政治的）factorshavehelpedshapethelanguageintowhatitis

today.Newwordsfromotherlanguageshavebeenadopted（采纳）byGerman

speakers.OthershavebeenintroducedintotheGermanlanguagebecauseofmore

communicationswithforeignerseitherbecauseofmigration（移民），trade,war,orthe

developmentofnewtechnologyfromcinematotheInternet.Forexample,today

Germanswillhave"brainstormingsessions”-usingtheEnglishterm.Similarly,

mostspeakershaveadoptedEnglishwordsrelatedtotechnologyliketheInternetor

email,asithappensinseveralotherlanguages.

Germanisaninterestinglanguagebecauseofthedominance（优势）ofdialects,

whichappearedbecauseofthefactthattherewasnoculturalcentre,likeParisin

France.BytheendoftheMiddleAgesactionwastakentocreatea"StandardGerman

language59,sothatpeoplefromdifferentareascouldcommunicatemoreeasilywith

eachother.AmajorinfluenceonthestandardizationofGermanwasMartinLuther9s

Germantranslationofaninfluentialbookin1522.That“style“waslargelybasedon

thelanguageusedattheSaxoncourt.Thisbecamethebasisofwhatweknowas

Germantoday.

28.WhendoexpertsthinkGermanstartedtodevelopfirst?

A.Inthe1stcenturyBCE.

B.About2000BCE.

C.About1350.

D.In700CE.

29.Theauthorliststheexampleinparagraph3to.

A.stressthatlearningtheGermanlanguageishelpful

B.provethattheGermanlanguagehasalonghistory

C.explainwhytheGermanlanguageisdifficulttolearn

D.showthatmanyfactorshavehelpedshapethelanguage

30.WhatdidMartinLutherdo?

A.HehelpedsetthebasisofGermantoday.

B.HedidalotofresearchonGermandialects.

C.HewroteabookinbothGermanandEnglish.

D.HeshapedGermanwiththehelpoftheFrench.

31.Whatisthistextmainlyabout?

A.AbriefhistoryoftheGermanlanguage.

B.HowtheGermanlanguagespreadworldwide.

C.TheinfluenceoftechnologyontheGermanlanguage.

D.HowtheGermanlanguageinfluencedotherlanguages.

D

HandwrittenChinesecharacterscanbebeautiful.Istillrememberlookingat

Chineseandnotunderstandinganythingitsaidandyetfeelingastrongattraction.In

fact,somestudentsstartlearningChinesebecauseofthecharacters.Afterhaving

studiedChineseforawhile,IrealisedthathandwritinginChinesetakesaverylong

timetolearn.

Livingaswedoinadigitalera（数字时代）withsmartphonesandcomputers,

moststudentssoonerorlateraskthemselvesthisquestion:Isitreallynecessaryto

learnhowtowritebyhandinChinese?Whenusingsmartphonesorcomputers,we

canusephoneticinput（语音输入）systems,whichchoosethecharacterswewantfor

usaslongaswecanrememberhowtheyarepronounced.Sinceweenterdifferent

characters,weseldomneedtobeabletorecognisethedifferencebetweenindividual

（每个）charactersindetail;thecomputermakestherightchoicesforus.Dowereally

needtowriteChinesebyhandatall?

Ithinkmostpeopleagreethatyoushouldlearntowriteatleastsomecharactersat

somepointasastudentofChinese,althoughnotnecessarilystraightawayandnot

necessarilyallthecharactersthatyoucansay.Butunlessyoudon'tcareaboutwritten

languageatall,youshouldlearnthebasicsofhandwriting.Withoutit,itwillbevery

hardtounderstandcharacters.Youdon'tneedtobeacalligraphymaster,butyoudo

needbasichandwritingskillstodothis.Simplylookingatthingsis,asusual,abad

wayoflearning.

Ithinklearningthemostcommon500charactersorsoisagoodideaforall

students.Ifyouactuallywanttowritebyhand,extend（扩大）thatto1,000.Then

learntohandwritecharactersoutsideofthe1,000mostcommononaneed-to-know

basis.

32.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofChinesecharacters?

A.TheyarelesscommunicativethanEnglishwords.

B.TheyattractsomeforeignerstolearnChinese.

C.TheyshowthegreatnessofChineseculture.

D.Theyarenotreallythatdifficult.

33.Whatcanweinferaboutcharactersinparagraph2?

A.Charactersareverydifficultforforeignerstolearn.

B.Peoplebelievelearningtowritecharactersisimportant.

C.Peopledoubtthenecessityoflearningtowritecharacters.

D.Charactersmaydisappearwiththedevelopmentofsociety.

34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inparagraph3referto?

A.Understandingcharacters.

B.Beingacalligraphymaster.

C.Keepingagoodlearninghabit.

D.Learningbasichandwritingskills.

35.Whatistheauthor9sattitudetolearningtowritecharactersinthedigitalage?

A.Worried.B.Uncaring.C.Surprised.D.Supportive.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项

中有两项为多余选项。

Learningasecondlanguageisreallyhelpfulforus.36

1.Youbecomesmarter.

Learningasecondlanguageimprovesyourmemory（记忆）.Becomingbilingual

（双语的）exercisesyourbrain,challengesyoutoconcentrate,andimprovesyour

problem-solvingskills.37Learningasecondlanguagealsoimprovesyournative

language,asitteachesyouthestructures（结构）behindanylanguage——notjustnew

languages.

2.Ifsgreatfortraveling.

AustrianphilosopherLudwigWittgensteinsaidthat“thelimits（限制）ofyour

languagearethelimitsofyourworld/9andhewasright.38Travelingthrougha

foreigncountrybecomesmucheasierifyoucanspeakthelanguageofthatcountry.

3.39

Researchersarealsosayingthatpeoplewhocanspeakdifferentlanguagesare

morecreativethanmonolingual（仅懂——种语言的）speakers.Learningaforeign

languageimprovesnotonlyyourabilitytosolveproblems,italsomakesyou

experimentwithnewwords.

4.Itbuildsupyourself-confidence.

You'reabouttoteachyourselftobelieve,"Yes,Ican."Confidenceincreases

whenanewskillismastered,andlearningaforeignlanguageisno

different.40Thewayyouusetodevelopasecondtongueresultsinagreatersense

ofopen-mindedness.

A.Itincreasesyourcreativity.

B.Youcanshareitwithyournewfriends.

C.Learningasecondlanguageiseasierasachild.

D.Therearemanyadvantagesoflearningaforeignlanguage.

E.Bilingualstudentsarelikelytoscorehigherthanmonolingualstudents.

F.Knowingmorethanonelanguageopensupyourvacationpossibilities.

G.Confidentpeoplearemoreinterestingthanthosewhoareunsureofthemselves.

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白

处的最佳选项。

I'vealwaysbeenfascinated（迷住）bylanguages,butI'veneverbeenanygoodat

learningthem.IremembersittinginmyFrenchlessons,Inever41whatIwas

beingtaught.Myteacherwasn't42.

ButoneofmyALevelswasEnglishLanguage,andthatwaswheremyinterest

in43started.Overthelastfewyears,I'vestartedlearningmorelanguagesthanI

can44.TheyincludeLatin,Russian,Spanish,andprobablyseveralothers.Noneof

themstuck.

Andthencamelockdown.WhileIwas45enoughtostillbeabletoworkfrom

home,oneveningsandweekends,Ifoundmyselfgetting46andlookingthrough

Netflixforsomethingtowatch.ThafshowI47aChinesefantasydrama（玄幻居U）

filledwithcomplex（复杂的）relationships.

ButbythetimeIgotabouthalfwaythroughtheshow,I48thatinsomecases,

thewordsbeingspokeninChinesedidn'tmatchthewordsbeingsaidintheEnglish

translations.49,acharacterwasbeingcalledshijieinsteadofbyhername.Iwent

online,didsome50andmetadifficulty.

Shijie.whichIlearnedcanbetranslatedas"martialsister",introducedmetothe

complexitiesofChinese51.Somanydifferentwordsfor"aunt","uncle”and

“grandfather"！Characterswithmorethanonename!

Iwas52bythewaythelanguageissointertwined（紧密相连）withthe

culture,andhowpoeticand53itis.Iwantedtobeableto54thesourcematerial

（原始资料）,evenifitwasgoingtotakemealongwhile55Igottothatpoint.

41.A.lookedoutforB.dependedonC.laughedatD.paidattentionto

42.A.angryB.relaxedC.happyD.nervous

43.A.languageB.cultureC.schoolD.history

44.A.enjoyB.rememberC.suggestD.choose

45.A.luckyB.worriedC.madD.surprised

46.A.doubtfulB.pleasedC.boredD.helpful

47.A.forgotB.foundC.createdD.directed

48.A.expectedB.decidedC.realizedD.hoped

49.A.AtfirstB.AboveallC.InadditionD.Forexample

50.A.researchB.businessC.interviewsD.tests

51.A.familiesB.relationshipsC.dramasD.lifestyles

52.A.hurtB.saddenedC.encouragedD.attracted

53.A.strangeB.difficultC.beautifulD.satisfying

54.A.believeB.understandC.acceptD.imagine

55.A.thoughB.unlessC.onceD.before

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

PinyinisaRomanizationsystem56.(use)tolearnMandarin(普通话).

ItdescribesthesoundsofMandarinusingtheWestern(Roman)alphabet(字母表).

Commonly,Pinyinisusedfor57.(teach)schoolchildrentoread.Anditis

also58.(wide)usedinteachingWesternerswhowishtolearnMandarin.

Pinyinwasdevelopedinthe1950sandisnowtheofficialRomanizationsystem

ofChina,Singapore,andtheAmericanLibraryAssociation.Librarystandardsmakeit

59.(easy)tofindChineselanguagematerialsthanbefore.Aworldwide

standardalsohelpstheexchangeofinformationbetweenorganizationsinvarious60.

________(country).

LearningPinyinisimportant.Pinyinprovidesacomfortablebase61.

anyonetryingtolearnMandarin:itlooksfamiliar(熟悉的).Itoffersaway62.

(read)ChinesewithoutusingChinesecharacters一amajor63.

(difficult)forforeignerswhowanttolearnMandarin.Pinyinisnotperfect.Ituses

manylettercombinations(组合)64.areunknowninEnglishandother

Westernlanguages.AnyonewhohasnotstudiedPinyinislikelytomispronouncethe

spellings.AlthoughtherearesomedisadvantagesofPinyin,65.isbestto

haveasinglesystemofRomanizationfortheMandarinlanguage.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节（满分15分）

假定你是李华，你所在的学校将举办以“汉字的演变”为主题的活动。请给

你的留学生朋友Elsa写封邮件邀请她参加，内容包括：

1.活动的时间以及地点；

2.活动的内容。

注意：写作词数应为80左右。

第二节（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完

整的短文。

Myfamilyhadn'tdoneanythingdifferentinforever.SowhenmyauntJen

invitedustotheoutdoorspringcelebrationatherfarmlastmonth,Iwassoexcited

thatIdecidedtomakeanextra-specialtreat.6tYummy!^^mylittlesistersaid,stealinga

sweet.

“That'senough,Indi!991said."Ineedthoseformylambs（羔羊）!”

“Ididn'tknowlambslikedsweets,“Shelaughed.

Ilaughedtoo.'Tmnotfeedingthemtothelambs.I'mmakinglambdecorations

（装饰）formycupcakes.""Iwanttohelp!”shesaid.

“Metoo!”saidmybrother.

“OK,"Isaid.66Iguessyoutwocandecorateyourown.”

Ofcourse,theyusedwaytoomanysweets.

“Ihavethefluffiest（最蓬松的）sheepofall!"saidTex.

“Mineisfluffier!saidIndi.

“Theylookequallyfluffytome,“Isaid.“Maybethey'retwins,justlikeyou."

“Okey-dokey!”saidmydad."Thepicnicgoesfromtwelvetothree.We'dbetter

getamoveon!^^First,wehadtowaitforTextofindhisshoes.Next,aswewere

drivingdowntheroad,wehadtogobacktothehousebecausemymomforgother

wallet.Then,abouthalfwaytoAuntJen'shouse,wehadtodrivefaroutofourwayto

findaplaceforInditousetherestroom.Afterthat,myparentsdecidedifdbequicker

totakethisonelittlesideroadasashortcut.Buttheshortcutendedupturningintoa

longcut!Wedroveforeveronawindingroad,andjustwhenwewereinthemiddle

ofnowhere,ourcarstartedmakingastrangenoise.

“Sorry,“saidmymom.“We'regoingtohavetopulloverandcallroadside

services."

“Nooo!”Isaid."We'realreadylate.”

“Don'tworry/9saidmydad."I'msurehelpwillarrivesoon.”

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

Butasyoucanprobablyguessbythewaythisstoryhasgonesofar,helpdidnot

arrivesoonatall.______________________________________________________

Atfirst,wekidsweren'texactlyjumpingupanddownaboutpicnickingthere.

参考答案

1-20略

21-25ADDCB26-30DCBDA31-35ABCAD36-40DEFAG

41-45DCABA46-50CBCDA51-55BDCBD

56.used57.teaching58.widely

59.easier60.countries61.for/to

62.toread63.difficulty64.that/which65.it

写作

第一节

Onepossibleversion:

DearElsa,

I'mwritingtoinviteyoutotakepartinanactivityheldbyourschoolnextFriday

from4p.m.to6p.m.intheschoolhall.

TheactivitywillfocusonthehistoryanddevelopmentofChinesecharacters.

Relatedpicturesandfilmswillbeshownduringtheperiod.Besides,Iheardsome

expertswouldbeinvitedtogivespeeches.Iknowyou'reinterestedinChineseculture

soIbelieveyouwilllikeit.

Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二节

Onepossibleversion:

Butasyoucanprobablyguessbythewaythisstoryhasgonesofar,helpdidnot

arrivesoonat"We'regoingtomisseverything!,9saidTex."Notfair!99saidIndi.

“Lookonthebrightside,“saidDad."Ourcarcouldn'thavepickedaprettierplaceto

breakdown.”"Iagree/9Momsaid."Howaboutwewalkovertothatwildflowerfield

andhaveourownspringtimecelebration?I'msureAuntJenwouldn'tmindifweate

thepotatosaladandfruit.”

Atfirst,wekidsweren7exactlyjumpingupanddownaboutpicnickingthere.But

aswestartedlookingaround,coolthingsstartedhappening.uLook!^^Mompointedat

tworabbitshappilyeatinggrass."We'renottheonlyoneswhothinkthisisagood

placeforapicnic.^^Justthen,weheardabigsound,andhundredsofbirdsroseupout

ofthetrees,andflewintothesky!Isaid,“ThatisthemostmagicalthingI'veever

seeninmylife!"Allinall,itwasaprettyspecialpicnic.

部分解析

阅读

第一节

A篇

主题语境：人与社会—历史、社会与文化

本文是应用文。文章介绍了美国国家铁路客运公司（Amtrak）的概况。

21.Ao细节理解题。对比四条线路的距离可知，洛杉矶一芝加哥这一路线是

最长的。四条线路中的TexasEagle>CaliforniaZephyr、EmpireBuilder均为歹［）

车名。

22.Do细节理解题。根据第一个表格中的21,000Thenumberofroutemiles

coveredbyAmtrak.Ittakesin46states,aswellasWashington,D.C.andthree

Canadianprovinces可知，21,000代表Amtrak的火车所行驶的英里数。

23.Do细节理解题。根据第二个表格中的ThefirsttrainrunbyAmtrakin1971

wasTheClocker可知，Amtrak公司的第一辆火车于1971年开始运行。

补充说明：

Amtrak：美国国家铁路客运公司（NationalRailroadPassengerCorporationofthe

USA）,常用商标为Amtrak,简称美国国铁或美铁，是美国唯一一家长途和城

际铁路客运公司，创立于1971年5月1日，总部位于美国哥伦比亚特区华盛顿

联合车站。Amtrak是一个由英文美国（America）和铁轨（track）组成的混成

I司。

leaf-peeping：赏叶

B篇

主题语境：人与自我—生活与学习

本文是夹叙夹议文。作者是来自美国的外教，他觉得中国人讲的英语有时

候很奇怪。

24.Co细节理解题。根据第一段中的AssoonasIsaidthis,allofthestudents

lookedsurprised.IknewIhadsaidsomethingwrong.Irealizedthatinsteadoftelling

themthateverybodybringsgiftstothehunliforthecouple,Ihadsaidpeoplebring

giftsforthematthe〃/可知，学生们感到惊讶是因为作者把“婚礼”说成了"离

婚”。

25.Bo推理判断题。根据第三段中的ItisaresultoffirstthinkinginChineseand

thentranslatingeachwordinthesentenceintoEnglish可知，作者认为中国人有时

讲的英语很奇怪的一个原因是用汉语思考，再逐字翻译成英语。

26.Do细节理解题。根据第四段中的However,whenweleaveacar,wesay“get

outofthecar”.Perhapsthestudenthadlearned"getoff“meansxiainChineseandhe

thoughtthephrasecouldbefollowedbyanymeansoftransportation.Toavoidsuch

mistakes,youshouldtakecollocationsseriously可知，作者认为这个学生之所以那

么说是因为在平常学习时没有注意词语的搭配。

27.Co推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Ifyouhaveachancetohearanative

speakerfromanEnglish-speakingcountry,practicerepeatingwhatyouhear.They

canteachyouhowtohaveaconversation可知，作者给想要提高会话技能的英语

学习者提供了建议——要多跟来自英语国家的人学习。

C篇

主题语境：人与社会—历史、社会与文化

本文是说明文。文章介绍了德语发展的历史。

28.Bo细节理解题。根据第一段中的ExpertsbelievethebasisoftheGerman

language,Proto-Germanic,begantodevelopabout2000BCE,aspeoplebeganto

liveinwesternareasoftheBalticSea可知，专家认为德语最先是由约公元前2000

年的原始日耳曼语发展而来的。

29.Do写作目的题。第三段中的Aswithmanylanguages,Germanhasdeveloped

alongwithsocietyandsociopoliticalfactorshavehelpedshapethelanguageintowhat

itistoday为本段中心句，指出德语的发展受到了多种因素的影响，包括其他语

言、移民、战争、贸易以及科技发展，之后作者用具体的事例对这一观点进行

了解释说明。

30.Ao细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Amajorinfluenceonthestandardization

ofGermanwasMartinLuther9sGermantranslationofaninfluentialbookin1522.

That“style“waslargelybasedonthelanguageusedattheSaxoncourt.Thisbecame

thebasisofwhatweknowasGermantoday可知，马丁潞德翻译的著作为当代德

语的发展奠定了基础。

31.Ao主旨大意题。文章介绍了德语从原始日耳曼语发展为当代德语的过程，

并指出了发展过程中的影响因素。由此可知，本文主要介绍的是德语发展的历

史。

补充说明：

Proto-Germanic：原始日耳曼语，或共同日耳曼语(CommonGermanic),

是猜想中存在的一个所有日耳曼语族语言的共同祖先。

D篇

主题语境：人与自我—生活与学习

本文是议论文。作者认为，在数字化时代，学习书写汉字仍是十分必要

的。

32.Bo细节理解题。根据第一段中的IstillrememberlookingatChineseandnot

understandinganythingitsaidandyetfeelingastrongattraction.Infact,some

studentsstartlearningChinesebecauseofthecharacters可知，作者认为汉字吸引

了一部分外国人学习汉语。

33.Co推理判断题。第二段中作者提出Isitreallynecessarytolearnhowtowrite

byhandinChinese?这一问题,之后提至UWhenusingsmartphonesorcomputers,

wecanusephoneticinputsystems,whichchoosethecharacterswewantforusas

longaswecanrememberhowtheyarepronounced,指出人们在手机或者电脑上借

助语音输入系统就可以找到对应的汉字，因此可以推断有人质疑在电子时代学

习书写汉字的必要性。

34.Ao篇章结构题。根据第三段中的Butunlessyoudon'tcareaboutwritten

languageatall,youshouldlearnthebasicsofhandwriting.Withoutit,itwillbevery

hardtounderstandcharacters可知，作者认为，如果不了解书法的基本知识，理

解汉字会很难，人们需要通过掌握一些基本的书写知识来进一步理解汉字。因

此，此处this指代“理解汉字”。

35.Do推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为，汉语学习者应该掌握最基

本的500个汉字，甚至可以根据自己的需要扩大到1,000个。因此可以推断，

作者支持汉语学习者学习书写汉字。

第二节

主题语境：人与自我—生活与学习

本文是说明文。文章介绍了学习第二语言的好处。

36.DoD项总领全文，指出学习第二语言有很多好处，下文作了具体介绍。

37.EoE项与上文中的Learningasecondlanguageimprovesyourmemory.

Becomingbilingualexercisesyourbrain,challengesyoutoconcentrate,andimproves

yourproblem-solvingskills为语义上的顺承关系，指出学习第二语言可以增强记

忆、强化大脑、提高成绩。且该项与本部分小标题Youbecomesmarter相照

应。

38.FoF项与下文中的Travelingthroughaforeigncountrybecomesmucheasierif

youcanspeakthelanguageofthatcountry为语义上的顺承关系，指出学习第二语

言可以帮助人们拓宽旅行的目的地。F项中的vacation与本部分中的traveling

为近义词复现关系。

39.Ao下文中的Researchersarealsosayingthatpeoplewhocanspeakdifferent

languagesaremorecreativeth