新视野大学英语预备级2-Unit-3

大学外语教学部教案学院〔部〕大学外语教学部课程名称实用英语3课程代码总学时：68学时讲课：学时上机：学时实验：学时学分课程类别必修课〔√〕年级任选课〔〕院级任选课〔〕学位课〔〕授课专业授课班级任课老师职称教学目的和要求了解大学生英语教学大纲中规定的单词和词组了解词语搭配和从句的用法了解写作技巧了解和本单元有关的背景知识教学重点、难点重点：vocabulary难点：wordbuildingandstructure思考题：readingskill教材和参考书NewHorizonCollegeEnglishReferencebookLongmanDictionaryOfContemporaryEnglishSectionAMoretheSamethanDifferentPrerequisites：StudentsshouldreadTextsAforthemainideabeforetheycometotheclasssessions.Sometypeofaudioplayershouldbefurnishedinclass,atleastforthefirstperiodofinstruction.Tapesofthelisteningmaterialshouldbeavailableduringclasshours.TestBshouldbeusedforclassreadingactivities.StudentsshouldnotreadTextBbeforetheycometoclass.ProposedUnitDuration：8classhours(45minuteseach)SuggestedTimeSectionPartPartⅠPartⅡPartⅢTextA(210min)Warm-upactivities(30minutes.)Textinstruction(120min.)Exercises(60min.)TextB(90min)NewWords(40min)LanguagePoints(50min)Grammar(60min)Thebasicknowledge(45min)Exercises(15min)Unit3SectionAMoretheSamethanDifferent=1\*ROMANI.LearningObjectiveStudentswillbeableto:understandthemainideaandstructureofthetext;learnsometechniquesinnarrativewritingintheorderoftimeandsequenceGraspthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;theusageof“aswellas”conductaseriesofreading,listening,speaking,andwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.=2\*ROMANII.Pre-readingQuestionsWherewastheformerSovietUnion?WhatkindofcountrywastheSovietUnion?Whathasthecountrybecomenow?(SovietUnion:afederationofcommuniststatesineasternEuropeandnorthernandcentralAsiafrom1922until1991.Moscowwasitscapital.ItsofficialnamewastheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics(USSR)苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟Gorbachev,thelastSovietleadertouchedofffreewheelingdebateaboutthescaleandpaceofchange.ConflictoverconstitutionalandeconomicissuesbroughttheSovietUniontothebrinkofcivilwarandprompteditsdisintegrationinto15volatilesuccessorstatesin1991.)=3\*ROMANIII.Free-writingtasksSsaregiventenminutestodescribeadifferentculturefromoursincludingthewayofgreeting,thecostumesinfestivals,andsoon.SsexchangetheirpaperswithatleastthreefellowSs.TasksseveralSstoreporttoclasswhattheyhavewritten.TmaymoveontoTextAbysaying:“Althoughthedifferencesexist,thereismorethesamethanthedifferent.”=4\*ROMANIV.Whlile-readingtasksTasksSstosurveythetextwithinfiveminutesandfindoutthemainidea;2.Backgroundmaterial:TheFriendshipForce(FriendshipForceInternationalisanon-profitorganizationfoundedinAtlanta,Georgia,UnitedStates,andintroducedonMarch1,1977,byPresidentJimmyCarterataWhiteHousegatheringofstategovernors.In1992,FriendshipForceInternationalwasnominatedfortheNobelPeacePrize.FriendshipForceInternational(FFI),isaninternationalculturalexchangeprogram,foundedin1977byWayneSmith,aPresbyterianministerandformerU.S.missionarytoBrazil.Forthefirstfiveyears,itusedcharteredairplanestoshuttledelegationsof150to400visitorsbetweenpartnercities.Thefirstexchangeinvolved762travelersfromNewcastle-upon-Tyne,England,andAtlanta,Georgia,UnitedStates.Stayinginprivatehomesisacentralfeatureoftheprogram.Today,FriendshipForceInternationalconductsalmost400exchangeprogramseveryyear,in390communitiesin70countries.WhenyoutravelorhostwiththeFriendshipForce,yougettoknowrealpeoplebysharingreallife.Friendshipsareoftenformedthatlastalifetime-offlineandonline.=5\*ROMANV.NewWordsokay(OK):a.1)allright好的；可以Let’stothere,okay?IsitOKwithyouifIborrowthisbook?2)good;satisfying好；不错WasyourholidayOK?TheplayisOK,butIstillpreferthebook.2.thumb:n.[C]thefingerthatisshortandthickandsetapartfromtheotherfour大拇指Hehadhisthumbinjured(受伤)whenhewasplayingbasketball.他打篮球时弄伤了拇指。Thisbasicknowledgeisinmostcasesaruleofthumb.这种根本知识在很多情况下是经验之谈。Iseemtobeallthumbstoday.我今天显得笨手笨脚的。3.announce:v.tellaboutsth.Publiclyorofficially;declare宣布Wearepleasedtoannouncetheopeningofournewdepartmentstore.HeannouncedtohisfriendshismarriagewithMissBrown.他向朋友们宣布他已与布朗小姐成婚。4.admire:v.thinkoforlookatwithpleasureandrespect赞美；羡慕；敬佩Everyoneadmiredthewayhedealtwiththeproblem.大家都赞赏他处理这个问题的方式。Shealwaysadmiresherselfinthemirror.她常常对着镜子自我欣赏。jacket:n.[C]ashortcoat短上衣；夹克Ifoundthekeysinmyjacketpocket.我在上衣口袋里找到了钥匙。Helikeswearingsportsjackets.他喜欢穿运动衫。bath:n.[C]anactofwashingone’swholebody沐浴；洗澡DoyouwantabathatonceorshallIhaveminefirst?你是马上洗澡，还是我先洗？bathroom:n.[C]aroomequippedforbathing浴室；卫生间He’swashinghishandsinthebathroom.他正在卫生间里洗手。Weboughtahousewiththreebedroomsandtwobathrooms.我们买了一幢有三间卧室、两个卫生间的房子。voyage:n.[C]ajourney,usu.long,madebyboatorship旅行ThevoyagefromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths.从英国到印度的航程过去需要花六个月的时间。Thefirstpartofourvoyagewaspleasant.我们航行的头一段很愉快。communist:a.practicingcommunism共产主义的Theaimoffcommunistsistobuildacommunistsociety.共产党人的目标是建立共产主义社会。HejoinedtheCommunistPartywhenhewasonlyamiddleschoolstudent.他读中学的时候就参加了共产党。n.[C]sb.whobelievesincommunism共产主义者；共产党员Iknowyouhavesomecommunistfriends.我知道你有一些信仰共产主义的朋友。curious:a.eagertoknoworlearn好奇的Iwaseagertoknowwhathadhappened.我很好奇，想知道发生了什么事。communism:n.[U]asocialsysteminwhichpropertyisownedbythecommunityandeachmemberworksforthecommonbenefit共产主义Moderncommunismwasfoundedinthe19thcenturybytwoGermanpoliticalthinkersKarlMarxandFriedrichEngels.现代共产主义是两位德国政治思想家卡尔·马克思和弗里德里克·恩格斯在19世纪创立的。Undercommunism,allpeopleareequal.在共产主义制度下，人人平等。vacation:n.[C;U]aholiday假期Thelongsummervacationisover.漫长的暑假结束了。organize:v.arrangeintoagoodworkingsystem组织Imusttrytoorganizemylifeabitbetter.我必须努力把生活安排得更有条理。exchange:n.[C;U]theactofgivingandreceivinginreturn交换Therewasanexchangeofusefulinformationbetweenthetwocountries.两国之间进行了很有用的情报交流。Therewasanexchangeofprisonersbetweenthetwocountries.两国之间交换了俘虏。v.giveandreceiveinreturn交换Iwouldliketoexchangethisskirtforabiggerone.我想把这条裙子换条尺寸大一点的。WherecanIexchangemypoundsfordollars?我到哪儿可以将英镑兑换成美元？Pet:n.[C]ananimalkeptinthehomeasacompanion宠物Youmayeasilyfindpetfoodinsupermarketsnow.宠物食品现在在超市随处可见。animal:n.[C]anylivingbeing,notaplant,thatcanfeelandmovebyitself(与植物相对的)动物Manyanimalshaveasharpersenseofsightorsoundthanhumanbeings.许多动物比人类有更敏锐的视觉或听觉。Humansarethemostintelligentofalltheanimals.人是所有动物中最聪明的。pour:v.1〕Causetoflowcontinuously(outoforintoacontainer)倒；灌Hepouredhimselfaglassofbeer.他替自己倒了杯啤酒。Shepouredthesaltcarefullyintothecup.她小心地把盐倒入杯中。2〕flowsteadilyandrapidly不断流出Smokewaspouringoutfromthewindow.烟不断从窗口冒出来。directly:ad.straight直接地Hereportedthecrimedirectlytothepolice.他直接向警方报告了这件罪行。pan:n.[C]acookingvesselwithaflatbottomandusuallywithalid,usuallymadeofmetal锅Allthepotsandpansarekeptinthatcupboard.所有的锅碗瓢盆都放在那个碗橱里。boil:v.Causetoreachthetemperatureatwhichliquidchangesintoagas煮沸；烧开Boilalldrinkingwaterforfiveminutes.水煮沸五分钟后才能喝。boiling:a.atornearthepointthatsth.boils沸腾的Pleasekeepawayfromtheboilingmud.请远离滚滚的泥浆。stone:n.[C]asmallpieceofrock石子；石头Theboypickedupastoneandthrewitintotheriver.那个男孩拾起一块石头扔进河里。pot:n.[C]adeep,roundcontainerusedforcooking,usuallymadeofmetal罐；壶Awatchedpotneverboils.心急水不沸。entire:a.whole;complete;all全部的；完全的Ireadtheentirebook.我阅读了全书。Heenjoyedourentireconfidence.他受到了我们绝对信任。dialog(英dialogue)n.[C;U]conversation;talk交谈；对白Theirdialogwaslightandfriendly.他们的交谈时轻松友好的。Heisnotverygoodatwritingdialog.他不擅长与写对白。shame:n.[C]sth.oneissorryabout令人惋惜的事It’sashameyoucan’tcome.Iwaslookingforwardtoseeingyou.你不能来真叫人失望，我盼望见到你呢。Whatashameyouhavetoleavesosoon!可惜你这么快就要走了！It’sashamethatIhaven’tseenmoreofyoutheserecentyears.真遗憾，最近几年我未能经常见到你。political:a.ofpolitics与政治有关的；党派的Hehasverystrongpoliticalopinions.他有非常强烈的政治见解。communicate:v.passnews,information,opinions,feelings,etc.交流He’squiteshyandcan’tcommunicatewell.他非常腼腆，不善于与人交际。dictionary:n.[C]abookwhereyoucanlookforthespellings,meaningsandpronunciationsofwords词典ManystudentslearningEnglishprefertouseadictionarythatexplainswordsintheirnativelanguage.许多学习英语的学生喜欢使用母语释义的词典。=6\*ROMANVI.LanguagePointsLanguagePoint1…don’tmakeacirclewithyourthumbandfirstfinger,…(Para.2)finger:n.anyfivemovableendpartsofthehand,usu.otherthanthethumb手指Icutmyfingerwithavegetableknife.我被菜刀割伤了手指。Heranhisfingersthroughhishair.他用手指梳理头发。Note:thefirst/indexfinger食指;themiddle/longfinger中指;theringfinger/fourthfinger无名指；thelittle/smallfinger小指LanguagePoint2…butintheSovietUnionithasadirtymeaning.(Para.2)Meaning:…butintheSovietUnionitreferstosexinawaythatmaymakepeopleunhappyorangry.LanguagePoint3Rememberthat,ingeneral,lifeinthe…(Para.5)ingeneral:asawhole总体上；总地说来Ingeneral,thistoiletisofgoodquality.总体上这个卫生间的质量还不错。LanguagePoint4ThewomanwaspreparingtheAmericansfortheirvoyagetothecommunistSovietUnion.(Para.6)Preparesb.for:makesb.readyfor使做好准备ListeningisacoursethatpreparesstudentsfortheEnglishexams.听力是为学生参加英语考试而设的课程。I’mafraidyou’regoingtohavetoprepareyourselfforashock.恐怕你要做好经受意外打击的心理准备。LanguagePoint5TheAmericansarecurioustolearnabout…(Para.6)learnabout:gettoknowsth.知晓WhendidyoulearnaboutMary’sdivorce?玛丽离婚的事你什么时候知道的？Ilearnedabouthislonelylifeafterhiswife’sdeath.我得悉他的妻子死后他生活寂寞。LanguagePoint6Theydidn’twanttoexperiencecultureshock.(Para.6)Cultureshock:文化冲击，指面对与自己国家差异很大的文化时产生的困惑。Thefirsttimeyougoabroad,youmayexperienceacultureshock.第一次跨出国门，你可能会感受到一种文化冲击。LanguagePoint7WhentheyarrivedintheSovietUnion…(Para.6Parrivein:reach到达WhattimedoesthetrainarriveinBeijing?列车什么时候到达北京？LanguagePoint8TheSoviets,liketheAmericans,preparedfortheirvisitbylearningaboutlifeintheothercountry.(Para.8)Preparefor:getreadyfor准备Ididn’tleavemyselfenoughtimetopreparefortheexam.我没有预留足够的时间来准备考试。Bobhelpedmepreparefortheparty.鲍勃协助我筹备聚会。LanguagePoint9Still,they,experiencedalittlecultureshock.(Para.8)Meaning:Still,likeAmericans,theyexperiencedafeelingofconfusionwhentheyvisitedAmerica,whichisverydifferentfromtheirownsociety.LanguagePoint10believeone’seyes:trustone’seyes相信某人的眼睛Icouldn’tbelievemyeyeswhenhetoreuptheletter.他把那封信撕得粉碎，我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。“Seeingisbelieving”meansthatpeopleprefertobelievetheirowneyes.“眼见为实”是说人们通常相信自己所看到的事实。LanguagePoint11…andsleeponone’sbeds.(Para.9)onone’sbed:在床上Sorrywedon’thavemuchspace;therefore,wehavetoaskyoutositonourbeds.对不起，我们的地方不大，因此只能让你们坐在床上。Don’tsitonmybed.I’vejustchangedmysheet.别坐在我的床上，我刚换了床单。LanguagePoint12Theyweresurprisedatthedifferencebetweendailylife…(Para.10)1〕Besurprisedat:对……感到惊讶Everyoneissurprisedatthefactthatthehumanpopulationisexplodingsorapidly.每个人都为人类人口的急速增长而感到惊讶。2〕differencebetween:……与……之间的差异Thedifferencebetweenacastleandpalaceisnotinsize.城堡与宫殿之间的差异并不在大小。CanyoutellthedifferencebetweenAmericansandAustralians?你是否能区别美国人和澳大利亚人？LanguagePoint13…whenshesawanAmericanpouringricedirectlyfromaboxintoapanofboilingwater.(Para.10)pourinto:causesth.toflowinto倒入Shepouredsomehotwaterintothebasintogiveherbabyabath.她往水盆里倒入一些热水要给孩子洗澡。LanguagePoint14…andpickoutallthesmallstonesbeforeputtingitinthepot.(Para.10)pickout:choose选择Sincewehavealargequantityofcarpets,let’spickoutbadonesandthrowthemaway.既然我们有许多地毯，我们就把不好的挑出来扔掉吧。LanguagePoint15…buttheyweredisappointedtoseethatAmericansatefastmealsathome,too.(Para.11)bedisappointedtodosth.:unhappyatnotseeingsth.happen感到失望的Iwasdisappointedtohearthattheyweren’tcoming.听说他们不来我很失望。LanguagePoint16…becausefamiliessitatthetableandtalk.(Para.11)atthetable:饭桌上；饭桌旁Manyrestaurantsnowhavewaitersstandatthetabletoshowgoodservices.许多餐馆让效劳员站在饭桌旁，表示良好的效劳。LanguagePoint17WhenAmericanfamilieseattogether–iftheyeattogether–theyofteneatquicklyanddon’ttaketimeforalongdialog.(Para.11)Meaning:IfAmericanfamilieseattogether,theyofteneatquicklyanddon’tholdalongandunhurriedtalkovertheirmeals.LanguagePoint18…anddon’ttaketimeforalongdialog.(Para.11)taketime:usetimeslowlyandcarefully花费时间Itdoesn’ttakemuchtimetopulldownthegarage.撤除车库花不了多少时间。LanguagePoint19TheSovietsthoughtthatwasashame.(Para.11)Meaning:TheSovietsthoughtthatwassomethingdisappointing.LanguagePoint20Inspiteofthepoliticaldifferencesbetweentheircountries,aswellastheirdifferencesinlanguageandculture…(Para.12)inspiteof:notbeingpreventedby尽管Inspiteoftheopposingviews,ourbossdeclaredthatthecompanywouldenterthefurnituremarket.尽管有反对的意见，我们老板仍然宣布公司将进入家具市场。LanguagePoint21Yettheymanagedtocommunicatethroughsignlanguageandadictionary.(Para.12)Meaning:Fortwoweekstheytalkedtoeachotherbyusingsignsinsteadofwordsandlookingupwordsinadictionary.Signlanguage:alanguagecreatedtobecommunicatedbythebody,esp.thehands手势语；手语LanguagePoint22AndIlearnedthatpeopleallovertheworldaremorethesamethantheyaredifferent.(Para.13)Meaning:AndIlearnedthatpeopleallovertheworldhavemorethingsincommonthandifferences.=7\*ROMANVII．SpotlightonGrammar:aswellas的意义和用法Inspiteofthepoliticaldifferencesbetweentheircountries,aswellasthedifferencesintheircountriesandculture,theSovietsandAmericanbecomefriends.(PassageAUnit3)在这一句中，复合连词aswellas连接两个名词短语：thepoliticaldifferencesbetweentheircountries和theirdifferencesinlanguageandculture，而其着重点在第一个名词短语，即“国家间的政治差异”上。作为复合连词，aswellas可用来连接名词短语，如下例〔1〕；动词短语，如下例〔2〕；形容词短语，如下例〔3〕；介词短语，如下例〔4〕。Women,aswellasmen,havetherighttowork.Hisstudents,aswellashehimself,attendedthemeeting.He’sgotacaraswellasabicycle.IspeakFrenchandGermanaswellasEnglish.Hehurthisarmaswellasbreakinghisleg.She’sgotacleaningjobatnightaswellasworkingduringtheday.She’scleveraswellasbeautiful.Ifeltsadaswellasangry.Iputmybooksinmyofficeaswellasinmystudy.Hefinishedforfunaswellasforaliving.Note:Shewasthereaswellasme.[误]ShewasthereaswellasI.[正]在实际使用中，请提示学生注意以下几点：当aswellas连接动词短语时，它后面所跟的动词短语必须是–ing分词形式，如上例〔2〕所示。又如：HedidalotoftranslationaswellasteachingEnglish.[误]HedidalotoftranslationaswellastaughtEnglish.Sheplaysthepianoaswellassinging.[误]Sheplaysthepianoaswellassings.不少学生把aswellas当作跟and或notonly…butalso同义的连词来用。其实，用aswellas连接两个短语时，其着重点往往在其前面的短语上，这一点正好与notonly…butalso相反，即AaswellasB=notonlyBbutalsoA.例如：Women,aswellasmen,havetherighttowork.=Notonlymen,butalsowomen,havetherighttowork.Hefishedforfunaswellasforaliving.=Hefishednotonlyforaliving,butalsoforfun.当aswellas连接的名词短语作主语时，其后的动词和其他成分应在性、数上与aswellas前面的名词短语相一致。例如：Themother,aswellasherthreechildren,wastakentohospital.[误]Themother,aswellasherthreechildren,weretakentohospital.Thegirl,aswellastheboys,hasfinishedherhomework.[误]Thegirl,aswellastheboys,havefinishedtheirhomework.aswellas有时也可同and…aswell换用，但and…aswell侧重后项。比拟：He,aswellasshe,willcome.他将不来，她也将不来。Hewillnotcomeaswellasshe.她将来，但他将不来。〔否认前者，肯定后者〕Henry,aswellashisbrother,doesn’tworkhard.亨利同他弟弟一样，工作不努力。Henrydoesn’tworkhardaswellashisbrother.亨利工作不努力，但他弟弟努力。Aswellas用作介词时表示“除了……还”，相当于besides,inadditionto,放在句首或句尾。例如：HetaughtChineseliteratureattheuniversity,aswellaswritingnovels.除了写小说外，他还在大学里教中国文学。Aswellasbreakingherleg,shehurtherarm.除了摔断腿，她还伤了胳膊。〔她不仅摔断了腿，而且还伤了胳膊。〕SectionBMisunderstandings=1\*ROMANI.NewWords:misunderstanding:n.[C;U]theactofputtingawrongmeaningonsth.误解Itwasallamisunderstanding,butwe’vegotitsortedoutnow.那完全是个误会，不过现在我们已经弄清楚了。Somemisunderstandingsincommunicationarecausedbyculturaldifferences.与人沟通所产生的某些误会是由文化差异引起的。comb:v.tidy,esp.thehair梳理〔毛、发〕Shespenthoursinfrontofthemirrorcombingthroughherlonghair.n.[C]astripofwood,bone,orplasticwithteethusedfortidyingherhair梳子Althoughhehasjustafewhairs,healwayscarriesacombinhispocket.尽管他只有那么几根头发，却总在口袋里带把梳子。Heusedhisfingersasacombtosethishairbeforehewentontothestage.登台之前他用手指梳理了头发。cent:n.[C]onepercentofanycertainunitsofmoney分币；分Shesaidthatshehadn’tgotacent.她说她已身无分文。I’vegotagreatideathatitwon’tcostusacent.我有一个好主意，我们一分钱都不用花。pocketn.[C]asmall,openbagonajacketforkeepingsmallthingsin口袋Healwayswalkswithhishandsinhistrouserpockets.他走路时总把双手插在裤兜里。ridev.1〕travelorbecarriedoninavehicle乘……旅行Manypeoplecanrideonthisboat.这条船上能乘坐不少人。2〕sitonandcontrol骑Teachmehowtorideabicycle.教教我怎么骑自行车。n.[C]ajourneyonananimalorinavehicle旅程It’sa15-minutebusride.这段路程乘公共汽车需要15分钟。passengern.[C]aperson,notthedriver,travellinginavehicleFortunately,noneofthepassengerswerehurtintheaccident.幸运的是，在那次事故中乘客中无一人受伤。bumn.[C]awanderingpersonwholivesbybegging流浪汉Thebumdecidedtofinishhiswanderinglifeandsettleddowninasmalltown.那个流浪汉决定结束流浪生活，在一个小镇上定居下来。drivern.[C]apersonwhodrives司机Thedrivertriedhardtoreturnthemoneytoitsown.那位司机想尽方法把钱归还给了施主。bombn.[C]sth.thatexplodeswithgreatforce炸弹Theyplantedabombinthepostoffice.他们在邮局里安放了一枚炸弹。Theenemydroppedbombsonthebridge.敌人对桥梁投掷了炸弹。immediatelyad.atonce立即Canyoucomehomeimmediatelyafterwork?你下班后可以马上回家吗？Heleftimmediatelyafterhegotthephonecall.他接到后立即离开了。trafficn.[C;U]themovementofpeopleorvehicles交通Trafficinbigcitiesiscontrolledbytheredandgreenlights.大城市的交通由红绿灯管理。jamn.[C;U]acrowdofthingspressedsoclosetogetherthatmovementisdifficult(交通)堵塞；堵车Ourcarhasbeenstuckinatrafficjamforhours.我们的车已近堵了好几个小时了。Trafficjamreferstoasituationinwhichthereissomuchtrafficonaroadthatitmovesveryslowlyordoesn’tmoveatall.交通堵塞是指车辆过多，致使行车非常缓慢甚至是车辆无法行驶的一种情况。boardv.getontoashiporpublicvehicle登上〔交通工具〕Theyboardedasmallplaneandheadforthecapitalimmediately.他们登上一家小型飞机，立即向首都飞去。n.[U]onboard上船〔车，或其他公共交通工具〕AssoonasI’monboard,Ialwaysfeelsick.我一上船〔车〕就老是想吐。northwesta.Somewherebetweennorthandwest西北方向的ThelittletownisnorthwestofOakland.这个小镇位于奥克兰的西北部。directionn.1)[C;U]thepositionorpointtowardswhichapersonorthingmoves,facesorisaimed方向Everyeyefollowedthedirectioninwhichhisfingerpointed.所有的人都朝他手指的方向看去。2〕guidance指导；指点Ifeeltheneedofdirectioninmystudies.我感到学习上需要有人指导。belowprep.under;inalowerplace在……下面ShallIwritemynameaboveorbelowtheline?我该把名字写在横线上方还是下方？oceann.[C]agreatmassofsaltwatercoveringtheEarth海洋Tothewestofthesemountainsalltheriversflowintotheocean.这些山脉以西的所有河流都流入大海。pilotn.[C]sb.whocontrolsanairplanewhileitisflying飞行员Thepilotwasstillnotfoundaftertheaircrash.飞机失事后飞行员一直下落不明。assistant:n.[C]sb.whohelpsanotherinajobandisunderthatperson’sdirection助手Thedirectorisawaytoday.Wouldyouspeaktohisassistant?主任不在，你要不要同他的助理说话？Wehaveanewlibraryassistanthere.我们这儿新来了个图书管理员。farther:ad.atortoagreaterdistance;further更远地Theydrovethreemilesfartherdowntheroad.他们驾车又往前开了三英里。continentn.[C]anyofthesevenmainlargemassesoflandontheEarth洲；大陆Somecontinentsareconnectedbynarrowlandbridges.有些大陆之间由狭窄的地峡连接。Inourlastlessontheteachertouchedupon(提到)theworld’scontinentsandoceans.老师在上节课提到了世界七大洲和四大洋。pronunciation:n.[C;U]thewayinwhichaparticularwordispronounced发音Lookupthepronunciationofthisword.查查这个词的读音。ShespeaksEnglishwithgoodpronunciation.她的英语发音很准确。flata.1)withoutenoughairin气缺乏的Seeingtheflatballoon,thechildcried.看到气球没气了，那个小孩大声哭了起来。2〕smoothandlevel平的Ineedsomethingflattowriteon.我需要一块平的东西好在上面写字。tyre(tire):n.[C]acoveringfittingroundtherimofthewheeltoabsorbshocks轮胎Thetyresofthiscardon’thaveenoughairinthem.这辆车的轮胎气也缺乏了。Icandonothingwiththeflattyre.车轮胎瘪了，我一点方法也没有。airline:n.[C;U]acompanywhichprovidesaircraftservicesforpassengersandgoods航空公司Theairlinehassufferedagreatlossaftertheaccident.事故发生后，航空公司蒙受了很大的损失。cheap:a.lowinprice廉价的Freshvegetablesareverycheapinthesummer.夏天，新鲜蔬菜很廉价。It’scheapertobuyareturnticketthantwosingles.买往返票比买两张单程票要合算。=2\*ROMANII.LanguagePointsLanguagePoint1…hegotonabusandheadedstraightforthebathroom.(Para.1)headfor:moveforward向前Aftertheygotoffthebus,theyheadeddirectlyforthestore.他们下车后直接奔商店而去。LanguagePoint2Butapassengeratthebackofthebussawhim.(Para.1)atthebackof:在……后部；在……后面Ihatesittingallthewayatthebackofthebus.我讨厌一路都坐在后座。There’sagardenatthebackofthehouse.这座房子后面有个花园。LanguagePoint3Shesaidtothepersoninfrontofher.(Para.1)infrontof:before在……前面Howdareyouspeaklikethisinfrontofstrangers!你怎么敢在生人面前这样讲话！Note:注意infrontof与inthefrontof的区别。前者表示“在……前面”，后者表示“在……的前部”。例如：Heisveryangrybecauseanewtallbuildinghasbeenbuiltinfrontofhishouse.他的房子前面新建了一栋高楼，他很生气。Unlikeotherteacherswhoalwaysstandinfrontoftheclassroom,hemovesaboutwhileteaching.不像别的老师总站在教室前面，他上课总是走来走去。LanguagePoint4Themessagewaspassedfrompersontoperson…(Para.2)frompersontoperson:从一个人到另一个人Thelatestnewsaboutthewarwaspassedfrompersontoperson.最新的战况从一个人传到另一个人。LanguagePoint5Butsomewherealongtheway,themessagechanged.(Para.2)Meaning:Butwhenthemessagewaspassedfrompersontopersonsomeonemisunderstoodthemessageandchangedit.LanguagePoint6Bythetimeitreachedthedriver…(Para.2)bythetime:when……的时候BythetimeIgethome,Alexwillhavecookedthedinner.我回到家里时，亚历克斯应该已经弄好晚餐了。Bythetimewearrived,theyhadeatenallthefood.我们到的时候，他们把东西都吃完了。LanguagePoint7Thedriverimmediatelypulledovertothesideoftheroad…(Para.2)pullover:moveovertoonesideofther