高中英语必修1Unit4Section4讲义

Module4课时达标训练(十六)Ⅰ.阅读理解Morethantwothirdsoftheworld'spolarbearswillbewipedoutby2050,accordingtoashockingnewstudy.Bythen,scientistssay，globalwarmingwillhavemelted42percentoftheArcticseaice.By2100,onlyaveryfewoftheseimportantcreatureswillbeleft.ThereporthasbeenproducedbytheUSGeologicalSurvey.ThescientistshavepublicizedtheirfindingsinthehopeofinfluencingUSInteriorSecretaryDirkKempthorne,whohasbeenaskedtoputpolarbearsontheUSendangeredspecieslist.Polarbearsdependonfloatingseaiceasaplatformforhuntingseals,whicharetheirmainfood.Withoutenoughice,polarbearswouldbeforcedtogoontotheland,wheretheyarepoorlyskilledhunters,andwouldbeunlikelytoadapttothelifeonthelandintime.Expertssayfewlittlebearswouldsurviveandthestresscouldmakemanyfemalesunabletogetpregnant.TheteamofAmericanandCanadianscientistsspentsixmonthsstudyingbears，ontheground，fromspotterplanesandinthelab,usingputermodels.Someteammembersfeartheresultisevenworseforthebearsthanwhattheirreportsays.TheysaytheArcticiswarmingfasterthananywhereintheworldandmuchfasterthantheirputerhadbeenforecasting.Satelliteobservationshaveshownthattheicehasdecreasedtoanall­timelow.However,noteveryoneinthescientificmunitybelievesthatglobalwarmingishappeningonsuchanalarmingscale.Anotherinvestigationhasfoundthatpolarbearsarestillbeinghuntedbywealthy“sportsmen”whowanttheirskinsandheads.Atleastteninternationalpaniesofferbear­huntingtrips.1．WhatdoweknowaboutDirkKempthorneaccordingtothepassage?A．Heisananimalscientist.B．HeisaprotectorofanimalsworkingfortheUSgovernment.C．HewasaskedtoputpolarbearsontheUSendangeredspecieslist.D．Heofferedtoputpolarbearsontheendangeredspecieslist.2．Whywillpolarbearsdieoutifthereisnotenoughseaice?A．Becausepolarbearscan'tcatchenoughfoodwithoutice.B．Becausepolarbearseaticewhentheyfeelthirsty.C．Becausepolarbearswillbeeasilyfoundbyhunterswithoutice.D．Becausemostfemalebearsareusedtogivingbirthunderice.3．Afterasix­monthstudy,somescientistsfearthat________．A．thereissomethingwrongwiththeirputersB．polarbearswilldisappearevenfasterthantheyeverexpectedC．theirputermodelsarenotasaccurateastheyexpectedD．globalwarmingwilldestroyeverythingintheArctic4．Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?A．Theforecastaboutthefutureofpolarbearsisnotcorrect.B．Globalwarmingwon'thaveanyeffectonhuntingtripsintheArctic.C．Polarbearsareanendangeredspeciesasaresultofbear­hunting.D．Peopledon'tpayenoughattentiontotheprotectionofendangeredspecies.Ⅱ.任务型阅读Americansusemanyexpressionswiththeword“dog”.PeopleintheUnitedStateslovetheirdogsandtreatthemwell.1.________However,dogswithoutownerstocareforthemleadadifferentkindoflife.Theexpression,toleadadog'slife,describesapersonwhohasanunhappyexistence.Somepeoplesayweliveinadog­eat­dogworld.2.________Theysaythattobesuccessful,apersonhastoworklikeadog.Thismeanstheyhavetoworkvery,veryhard.Suchhardworkcanmakepeopledogtired.And,thesituationwouldbeevenworseiftheybecamesickasadog.3．________Thismeansthateverypersonenjoysasuccessfulperiodduringhisorherlife.Tobesuccessful,peopleoftenhavetolearnnewskills.Yet,somepeoplesaythatyoucanneverteachanolddognewtricks.Theybelievethatolderpeopledonotliketolearnnewthingsandwillnotchangethewaytheydothings.4．________Peoplewhoareunkindoruncaringcanbedescribedasmeanerthanajunkyarddog.Junkyarddogsliveinplaceswherepeoplethrowawaythingstheydonotwant.Meandogsareoftenusedtoguardthisproperty.Theybarkorattackpeoplewhotrytoentertheproperty.However,sometimesapersonwhoappearstobemeanandthreateningisreallynotsobad.Wesayhisbarkisworsethanhisbite.Dogexpressionsarealsousedtodescribetheweather.Thedogdaysofsummerarethehottestdaysoftheyear.Arainstormmaycooltheweather.Butwedonotwantittoraintoohard.5.________A．Wedonotwantittoraincatsanddogs.B．Still,peoplesayeverydoghasitsday.C．Thatmeansmanypeoplearepetingforthesamethings,likegoodjobs.D．Dogsaretheirbestfriendsandtheyareloyaltopeople.E．Therearemanyotherexpressionswaitingforyoutoexplore.F．Somepeopleareparedtodogsinbadways.G．Theytaketheirdogsforwalks,letthemplayoutsideandgivethemgoodfoodandmedicalcare.Ⅲ.完形填空Recently,IflewtoLasVegastoattendameeting.Aswewereabouttoarrive,thepilotannounced(宣布)withapologythattherewouldbeaslight__1__beforelanding.Highdesertwindshad__2__theairporttocloseallbutonerunway.Hesaidthatwewouldbe__3__thecityforafewminuteswaitingto__4__.Wewerealsotoldtoremaininourseatsmeanwhilewithourseatbeltsfastened__5__theremightbeafewbumps(颠簸).Well,thatfewminutesturnedintoaboutfour－fiveminutes,includingaridethatwouldmakearollercoaster(过山车)paleby__6__．Themovementwassosuddenthatseveralpassengersfelt__7__andhadtouseairsicknessbags(晕机袋).Asyoumightguess,that'snotgoodthingtohappenina(n)__8__spacebecauseitonly__9__toincreasethedisfortofthesituation.Abouttwentyminutesintotheadventure,theentireairplanebecamevery__10__.Therewasnowasenseofworryandfearthatcouldbe__11__noticed.Everypassengersimplyheldonfordearlife...exceptone.A__12__washavingagoodtime!Witheachbumpofthe__13__hewouldletoutagiggle(咯咯的笑)ofhappiness.AsIobservedthis,I__14__thathedidn'tknowhewassupposedtobeafraidandworriedabouthis__15__.Heneitherthoughtaboutthepastnoraboutthefuture.Thosearewhatwegrown­upshavelearnedfrom__16__.Hewas__17__theridebecausehehadnotyetbeentaughttofearit.Havingunderstoodthis,Itookadeepbreathand__18__backintomyseat,pretendingIwas__19__onarollercoaster(过山车).Ismiledfortherestoftheflight.Ieven__20__togiggleonceortwice,whichismuchtotheangerofthemanwhowassittingnexttomeandholdingtheairsicknessbag.1．A.mistakeB．delayC．changeD．wind2．A.forcedB．warnedC．sweptD．reminded3．A.watchingB．visitingC．circlingD．crossing4．A.arriveB．enterC．stopD．land5．A.ifB．thoughC．becauseD．while6．A.experienceB．parisonC．adventureD．challenge7．A.sickB．nervousC．angryD．afraid8．A.emptyB．narrowC．secretD．open9．A.servesB．continuesC．failsD．happens10．A.quietB．hotC．dirtyD．crowded11．A.partlyB．graduallyC．shortlyD．clearly12．A.pilotB．babyC．guardD．man13．A.seatsB．passengersC．flightD．airplane14．A.realizedB．hopedC．agreedD．insisted15．A.healthB．safetyC．joyD．future16．A.teachersB．booksC．experienceD．practice17．A.learningB．takingC．missingD．enjoying18．A.satB．layC．wentDrode19．A.nearlyB．finallyC．reallyD．suddenly20．A.attemptedB．managedC．wantedD．decidedⅣ.语法填空Oncetherelivedarichman1.________wantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.2.________firsthewantedtofindoutwhethertheydeservedhishelp.Inthecentreofthemainroadintothetown,heplaced3.________verylargestone.Thenhe4.________(hide)behindatreeandwaited.Soonanoldmancamealongwithhiscow.“Whoputthisstoneinthecentreoftheroad？”saidtheoldman,buthedidnottrytoremovethestone.Instead,withsomedifficultyhepassedaroundthestoneandcontinuedonhisway.5.________mancamealonganddidthesamething;thenanothercame,andanother.Allofthemplainedaboutthestonebutnottriedtoremove6.________.Lateintheafternoonayoungmancamealong.Hesawthestone,7.________(say)tohimself:“Thenight8.________(be)verydark.Someneighborswillealonglaterinthedarkandwillfallagainstthestone.”Thenhebegantomovethestone.Hepushedandpulledwithallhis9.________(strong)tomoveit.Howgreatwashissurpriseatlast!10.________thestone,hefoundabagofmoney.Ⅴ.短文改错Onedayinherwaytoschool,FangFangfoundawalletnearthebusstation.Sheopenitandfoundalotofmoneyandacallingcard.Sosheknewtheownername,addressortelephonenumber.Shethoughttheownermustbeworrying.Shewenttoapublictelephoneandcalledtheowner.Thenshewaitedatthebusstation.TheownercamebyataxiverysoonandFangFanggavethewallettoher.Theownerwasverythankfulthatshetookouta100­yuannotestorewardFangFang.ButFangFangpoliterefuseditandwentonschool.课时达标训练(十六)Ⅰ.语篇解读：本文通过北极变暖导致北极熊急剧减少的例子来呼吁人们关注全球变暖，同时提高对濒危动物的保护意识。1．解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...USInteriorSecretaryDirkKempthorne,whohasbeenaskedtoputpolarbearsontheUSendangeredspecieslist.”可知C项正确，A项错误。文章中没有信息能表明B、D两项正确，故选C。2．解析：选A细节理解题。由文章第三段第一句“Polarbearsdependonfloatingseaiceasaplatformforhuntingseals,whicharetheirmainfood.”可知A项正确。3．解析：选B细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句“Someteammembersfeartheresultisevenworseforthebearsthanwhattheirreportsays.”可知B项正确。4．解析：选D段落大意题。根据“noteveryoneinthescientificmunitybelievesthatglobalwarmingishappeningonsuchanalarmingscale.”可知D项正确。Ⅱ.语篇解读：文章介绍了美国人使用许多带有“dog”的表达方式。1．解析：选G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上一句讲述美国人很爱他们的狗，而且对待狗也很好，可知他们会经常遛狗，带狗出去玩儿，为狗提供良好的食物和医疗护理。故选G。2．解析：选C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。这一段讲述了如果要成功，就必须像狗一样地工作。这意味着他们必须工作非常非常努力。可知人们必须努力去竞争得到同样的东西，比如好的工作。故选C。3．解析：选B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。后一句讲述了人们在一生中总会有成功的那一天。可知前一句说了每个狗都有属于自己的一天。故选B。4．解析：选F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。这一段讲述了不和善、没心没肺的人会被描述为比垃圾狗还冷漠的人。说明在一些不好的方面人还被比作狗。故选F。5．解析：选A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据前一句暴风雨会使得天气变凉爽，但是我们不想雨下得太大。故选A。Ⅲ.语篇解读：本文记述了作者的一次经历。一次因开会去拉斯维加斯时，飞机因沙尘暴而延时降落，在不断延长的等待和飞机剧烈的颠簸中，成年人焦急、害怕，唯独不知恐惧的婴儿却在享受着过山车一样的颠簸。因此作者也深受启发，体验了一次孩子的享受。1．解析：选Bmistake“错误”；delay“延迟”；change“变化”；wind“风”。根据“Highdesertwinds...tocloseallbutonerunway”可知，因沙尘暴关闭所有的跑道，只留一条，故应为延时降落，故选B。2．解析：选Aforce“强迫”；warn“警告”；sweep“打扫”；remind“提醒”。因为沙尘暴迫使(force)机场关闭跑道，故选A。3．解析：选Cwatch“观看”；visit“参观，拜访”；circle“绕转”；cross“横穿”。飞机在等待降落的过程中应该是绕城市盘旋，故应选C。4．解析：选Darrive“到达”；enter“进入”；stop“停止”；land“着陆”。根据上下文句意可知，飞机要绕城市盘旋几分钟以便等待着陆，故选D。5．解析：选Cif“如果”；though“尽管”；because“因为”；while“然而”。句意：我们被告知仍在座位上坐好，系好安全带，因为飞机可能会有几次颠簸。此处应为because引导的原因状语从句。故选C。6．解析：选Bexperience“经验”；parison“比较，对照”；adventure“冒险”；challenge“挑战”。byparison意为“相比之下”，故选B。7．解析：选Asick“恶心的”；nervous“紧张的”；angry“生气的”；afraid“害怕的”。句意：像过山车一样的剧烈运动使旅客恶心而不得不用晕机袋。故选A。8．解析：选Bempty“打开的”。narrow“狭窄的”；secret“秘密的”；open“打开的”。此空前的that指的是usingairsicknessbags，也就是发生在飞机上狭小空间内的呕吐，因此选用narrow(狭窄的)，后面的space指的是飞机内部空间。故选B。9．解析：选Aserve“起……作用，用作……”；continue“继续”；fail“失败”；happen“发生”。在这种情形下本来就很难受，在飞机上呕吐使得这种难受更加强烈。故选A。10．解析：