2023年高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷（上海专用卷）（解析版）

2023年高考英语新材料仿真模拟押题卷

（上海专用卷）

LListeningComprehensionSectionA（第1-10题，每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5

分；共25分）

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthe

endofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversations

andthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestion

aboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper;anddecidewhichoneisthebest

answertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Ataspecialparty.B.Atahair-dressingsalon.

C.Atanightclub.D.Atafashionshow.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Howwouldyoulikeyourhairtoday?Thesamestyleasusual?

W:IhaveaspecialpartytoattendtonightandI'dliketochangemystyle.

Q:Wheredoesthedialoguemostprobablyhappen?

2.A.Finland.B.Egypt.C.Mexico.D.Zambia.

【答案】D

【原文】W:Wherewouldyouprobablygoforthiscomingvacation?

M:Hmm.IthinkIwouldgotoSouthernAfrica.

Q:Whichofthefollowingcountrieswillthemanprobablygo?

3.A.Camping.B.Travelling.C.Sporting.D.Shopping.

【答案】A

【原文】M:You'reabsolutelyright.It'ssuchagoodescapefromeverydaylife.

W:Yes.Ilovesleepingoutside,cookingoveranopenfireandhearingallthenaturesounds.

Q:Whataretheymostprobablytalkingabout?

4.A.SheisalsoafanofArgentina.

B.Sheisalsoworkingveryhard.

C.ShelovesAmericanfootballsomuch.

D.SheworksfortheWorldCup.

【答案】B

【原文】M:TmsavingupmyvacationtimeatworksoIcangototheWorldCupnextyear.

W:Really?Metoo.Actually,FmanArgentinafan.

Q:Whydoesthewomansay“Metoo.”？

5.A.Shethrewsomethingatatruck.

B.Shethrewherselfoutofwindowandbrokeherleg.

C.Shemovedatrucktosavealittleboy.

D.Sherushedtoamovingtrucktosaveakid.

【答案】D

［原文】W:What?Sarabrokeherleg?Whathappened?

M:Well.Shethrewherselfinfrontofamovingtrucktosavealittleboyinthemiddleofthe

road.

Q:WhatdidSarado?

6.A.Theyplannedtogoskiingintherain.B.Theyjustwanttograbthechance.

C.Theywillprobablychangetheirmind.D.They'llgoskiingevenintherain.

【答案】C

［原文］M:Theweatherforecastsaidthatthereisachanceofraintomorrow.We'llstillgo

skiing?

W:Maybeweshouldn'triskit.TmnotsureIwanttogetstuckintherain.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromthetalk?

7.A.Lisalikesthemessysituation.B.Lisamadethemess.

C.HeandLisaaresettlingaproblem.D.Lisalikesthenewplace.

【答案】D

［原文】W:Howareyousettlingin?

M:Oh,wearestillinabitofamess,butLisaseemstolikeithere.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

8.A.Theladyshouldstopbeingpatient.

B.Hecan'tunderstandthelady'sfeeling.

C.Theladyshouldnotblameothers.

D.Nobodymaybeinterestedinherproblem.

【答案】C

【原文】W:Youjustdon'tknowwhatIfeel!Everythingisgettingworse,becauseofhim.

M:Stopblamingotherpeople.Bepatient,andthinkpositively.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

9.A.CertaingiftfromHawaii.B.Agrandweddingparty.

C.TwoplaneticketstoHawaii.D.Apictureofthemoon.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Congratulations!It'sabsolutelyagrandweddingparty.Haveyouopenedthegift

Igaveyou?

W:Yes.Thanksalot.Hawaiiisaniceplaceforthehoneymoon.

Q:Whafsprobablythegift?

10.A.Theywenttoseeamovie.B.Thedancersimpressedthemboth.

C.Thewomanisalsoadancer.D.Themaninvitedtheladytotheshow.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Whatafantasticperformance!Thankyouforinvitingmetothemusical.

W:Youarewelcome.Tmhappyyouenjoyedtheshow.Thedancerswereamazing.Itreminds

meofwhenIusedtodance.

Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandpassageorconversation,youwill

heaskedseveralquestionswillbereadtwice,butthequestionwillbespokenonlyonethe

fourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoyouhaveheard.

Questions11through14arebasedonthefollowingpassage

11.A.Asavingaccountinasinglename.B.Asavingaccountinjointnames.

C.Acheckingaccountinasinglename.D.Acheckingaccountinjointnames.

12.A.4.B.3.C.2.D.1.

13.A.Theladyandherbrothersorsisters.B.Thelady'sparents.

C.Theladyandherfather.D.Theladyandhermother.

14.A.Identificationpaper,photograph,aletterofintroductionandsomemoney.

B.Identificationpaper,someclarifications,aletterofintroductionandsomemoney.

C.Aletterofintroduction,photographs,acheckbookandsomemoney.

D.Drivinglicense,identificationpaper,photos,andaletterofintroduction.

【答案】11.B12.A13.C14,A

【原文】W:Goodmorning,sir.MayIcomein?

M:Goodmorning.Yes,please.Takeaseat.Iguessyouwanttoopenanaccount,right?

W:Yes.

M:Great!Whataccountdoyouwanttoopen,acheckingaccountorasavingsaccount?

W:Iwouldliketoopenasavingsaccountinyourbank.Whatistheprocedure?

M:Wouldyouliketoopenanaccountinasinglenameorinjointnames?

W:Iwouldliketoopenajointaccountwithmyfather.

M:Inthatcasebothofyouhavetopresentidentificationpapersandasetoftwophotographs

each.

W:WoulditbealrightifIbroughtaphotocopyofmydrivinglicense?

M:Yes,thatwouldbefine.Infact,photocopiesofyourvoter'scardelectricitybill,ordriving

licenseareaccepted.

W:Isthatallthatisrequired?

M:Justonemorerequirement.Weneedanintroductionbyanaccountholderofourbank.

W:FineFilgetthat.Justtwomoreclarifications,please.Whatistheminimumbankbalance

neededforopeningtheaccountandwhatistheinterestrateonasavingsaccount?

M:Theminimumbalanceis$500andweareofferinganinterestrateof3.5%onthesavings

accountthesedays.

W:Tilbebackwithallthestuffneeded.

M:Yes,onopeninganaccountwithuswewillgiveyouachequebookforwithdrawalsanda

passbookforkeepinganaccount.Bothyouandyourfathercanoperatetheaccount.

W:Thankyouforallthehelp.

M:Afriendlyandpromptcustomerserviceisourmotto.

Questions:

1.Whatkindofaccountdoestheladywanttoopen?

2.Howmanyphotosdoestheladyneedtoprepareforanewaccount?

3.Whomaywithdrawmoneyfromtheaccount?

4.Whatdoesapersonneedtoopenasavingsaccountinthisbank?

Questions15through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

15.A.Aircraftdesign.B.Mathematics.

C.Engineering.D.Science.

16.A.40.B.14.C.4.D.0.

17.A.Shestucktostudyingengineeringatcollege.

B.Sheaddressedtostudentsathighschoolsandcolleges.

C.Shetriedtopersuadewomennottodoengineeringforitshardwork.

D.Sheresearcheddefensesystemsofsatellitesandrockets.

【答案】15.B16.D17.B

【原文】M:MaryRosswasbornonAugust9,1908,inthestateofOklahoma.Herworkis

consideredcriticaltotheearlystagesoftheageofspacetravel.Rossshowedspecialabilities

inmathandsciencefromanearlyage.Asastudent,shedevelopedaninterestinaviation,the

practiceofflyingaircraft.Shewentontoearnamaster'sdegreeinmathematicsfrom

ColoradoStateTeachersCollege-nowcalledtheUniversityofNorthernColorado.During

WorldWarII,RossbeganworkingfortheLockheedAircraftCorporationasamathematician.

There,shewasurgedtocompleteworkinaircraftengineering.Sheearnedaspecial

certificationinthefieldfromtheUniversityofCalifornia-LosAngelesin1949.Rosswas

laterchosentojoinLockheed'stop-secretSkunkWorksteamthatworkedonaircraftdesigns.

Thenamereferstoagroupthatispermittedtoworkindependentlyonadvancedprojects.She

wastheonlyfemaleengineeramongtheteam's40members.Earlyon,sheresearched

defensesystems.Bythelate1950s,herworkcenteredonsatellitesandaseriesofspace

rocketscalledAgenda.Therocketswereextremelyimportantinthe1960sduringtheApollo

moonprogram.RossretiredfromLockheedin1973.Butshecontinuedtogivetalksathigh

schoolsandcollegestoencouragemorewomenandNativeAmericanstostudyengineering.

MaryRossdiedin2008,afewmonthsbeforeher100thbirthday.

Questions:

1.InwhatmajordidRossgethermaster'sdegree?

2.HowmanyfemalecolleaguesdidRosshavewhenworkinginaLockheed'stop-secret

team?

3.WhatdidRossgoontodoafterherretirement?

Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

18.A.TheSouthAtlanticOcean.B.ThecoastofSouthAmerica.

C.Africancontinent.D.ThecoastofAngola.

19.A.Hestudiesthesimilaritiesbetweenancientandmodernanimals.

B.Hediscoverstheremainsofancientseaanimalsonthecoast.

C.HestudiesthecauseofseparationofSouthAmericaandAfrica.

D.Hehelpsdothearrangementoftheancientanimalremainsinamuseum.

20.A.Becausetheremainswereexposedonthecoast.

B.Becausetheseanimalsusedtoliveclosetoeachotherinoneplace.

C.Becausetheseanimalsweredriventooneplaceandkilled.

D.Becausetheseanimalswerealleatenbyonelarge,fierceancientseaanimal.

【答案】18.D19.D20.B

【原文】

Millionsofyearsago,manylarge,strange-lookingseacreatureslivedinwhatisnowthe

SouthAtlanticOcean.ScientistssaythecontinentsofSouthAmericaandAfricaseparated

millionsofyearsago.Asthishappened,theysay,manykindsofdangerousanimalsandother

lifeformssettledinthenewlyformedbodyofwateroffthecoastofAngola.

Today,scientistsarestudyingancientanimalremainsdiscoveredontheAngolancoast.

Theyknewtherewouldberemainsinthearea,but“didn'tknowhowgoodtheywouldbe.^^

Jacobsandateamofscientistsandstudentshelpedpreparetheremainstobeshownat

theNationalMuseumofNaturalHistoryinWashington,D.C.Hesaidvisitorstothemuseum

canseethesimilaritybetweentheancientandmodernoceanenvironmentandanimals.

MichaelPolcyn,anotherresearcher,saysoneancientfish-eatinganimalhadalongnose

andteethsimilartothatofadolphin.Henotesthatvisitorscanseetheremainsoflarge,fierce

animals,aswellasgentlercreatureslikeanancientgiantseaturtle.

“Wehaveaclearpictureofthismomentintime72millionyearsagothathaspreserved

alloftheseanimalsthatwerelivingtogetherinoneplace.”

Scientistssayalargerockfromspacehittheearthmillionsofyearsagoandkilledmost

oftheanimals.

Questions:

1.Wherearescientistsstudyingtheancientanimalremains?

2.WhatdoesJacobsdo?

3.Whycouldscientistsfindsomanyancientanimalremains?

ILGrammarandVocabulary(每题1分；共20分)

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherent

andgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththe

properformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

DiscoveringaBrother

KieronGrahamalwaysknewhehadanolderbrother.Hisadoptionpapers,

signedandsealedwhenhewasthreemonthsold,listedabrothernamedVincent

butnolastname.ThoughKieronspentyears21(think)aboutVincent,he

couldnevertrackhimdown.

ThatchangedinDecember2017,22Kieron'sadoptiveparentsgave

theirfouradoptedchildrenAncestryDNAtestsasChristmasgifts.Kieron,now

21,senthissaliva(唾液)sampleinforanalysis.Whenhisresultscameback,he

wassurprisedtofindhehadsomeDNAmatchesfbrrelativeswho23

(take)thetest,too.Mostweredistantconnections,butonematchwassostrong

thatit24(label)"closefamily59.HisnamewasVincentGhant.Kieron

lookedfbrhimonlineandsoonmadeapossibleconnection/9Thisisgoingto

soundsowild......butyouseem25(be)mybrother,Kieronwroteonthe

instantmessagingapp.

“Iwasgivenup26adoptionin1997anditsaysonmypaperworkthat

mymotherhasasonwithyournameandyourbirthdate.HernameisShawn.^^

“OMGdoyouknowyourrealname?"wroteVincent,now30.

"IthinkitwasTyler."

“OMGYES!!!Youaremybrother/9

“Wow,”wroteKieron.

“Thisiscrazy."saidVincent.

Thecrazinesswasjustbeginning.Astheytalked,thebrothersrealizedthey

livedabout20minutesfromeachother,outsideofAtlanta.Moremind-blowing,

theyattendedthesameuniversityandmajoredandminoredinthesamesubjects:

politicalscienceandlegalstudies.

“Whataretheoddswe9reseparatedourentirelivesandthenendupatthe

sameschoolwiththesameinterests?"saysKieron.

Nowthebrothershadthechancetomakeupforthe27(lose)time.

Theydecidedtomeetatalocalteashopthatweek."Iwasreallynervoussays

Kieron.

“Iwaswondering28Ishouldsay."Ashewaitedoutsidetheshop,he

heardsomeonecallhisname,andhesuddenlyfound29inahugwith

thebrotherhe'dthoughtabouthisentirelife.

Themenwentinsideandtalked.uWeconnected,"saysVincent,

“30wealreadykneweachother.”

【答案】

21.thinking22.when23.hadtaken24.waslabeled25.to

be26.for27.lost28.what29.himself30.asif/asthough

【导语】这是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲的是KieronGraham通过DNA测试找到他的同

胞哥哥的故事。

21.考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管Kieron花了数年时间考虑Vincent,但他始终没能找

到他。结合句意及空前的spentyears可知应填动名词形式thinking,spendtimedoing意

为“花费时间做某事“，固定搭配，用动名词作宾语。故填thinking。

22.考查定语从句。句意:2017年12月，情况发生了变化，Kieron的养父母把血统DNA

测试作为圣诞礼物送给了他们的四个养子。此处为定语从句，先行词为December2017,

先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。

23.考查动词时态。句意：结果出来后，他惊讶地发现自己的一些DNA与参加过检测

的亲戚相匹配。空处是who定语从句的谓语动词，结合句意定语从句的动作发生在主

句一般过去时的动作之前，应用过去完成时。故填hadtaken。

24.考查动词时态和语态。句意；大多数都是远亲关系，但有一个匹配非常强大，以至

于被贴上了“近亲59”的标签.分析句子可知，空处是that引导的状语从句的谓语动词，

根据语境，动作发生在过去且从句主语il与label之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的

被动语态。故填labeled。

25.考查动词不定式。句意：“这听起来很疯狂……但你好像是我哥哥，"Kieron在即时

通讯软件上写道。结合句意及空前的youseem可知应用不定式的形式，作宾语，sb.seem

todosth.意为“似乎要做某事”，固定用法。故填tobe。

26.考查介词。句意：“1997年我被人收养了，我的文件上写着我妈妈有一个儿子，名

字和出生日期都和你一样。他叫肖恩。''结合句意此处应填介词for,foradoption意为“收

养”，固定搭配。故填for。

27.考查形容词。句意：现在兄弟俩有机会弥补失去的时间了。结合句意此处应填形容

词形式lost“失去的”，作定语，修饰名词time。故填lost。

28.考查名词性从句。句意：“我在想我该说些什么。'‘结合句意及空前的wondering可

知此处为宾语从句，从句动词say缺少宾语，指物，应用引导词what。故填what。

29.考查反身代词。句意：当他在商店外面等着的时候，他听到有人叫他的名字，他突

然发现自己拥抱了他一生都在思念的哥哥。结合句意及空前的hesuddenlyfound可知此

处应填反身代词himself,作found的宾语。故填himself。

30.考查状语从句。句意：男人们走进去聊天。“我们有联系，"Vincent,说，“就好像

我们已经认识对方一样。”结合句意此处为状语从句，应用asif/asihough引导方式状语

从句。故填asif/asthough0

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcan

beusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.characteristicB.blameC.slaveD.acceptingE.orientedF.remaining

G.properlyH.behaviorsI.surpriseJ.resistK.consistently

AnAmericanresearcherwhostudied600millionairesfoundhowrichyou

cangetcomesdownto6"wealthfactors'4.Shefoundthatsixbehaviorsare

relatedtonetworthpotential,regardlessofageorincome.Thesewerethriftiness,

confidence,responsibility,planning,focusandsocialindifference.Beingthrifty

comesasnogreat31/'Spendingaboveyourmeans,spendinginsteadof

savingforretirement,spendinginanticipationofbecomingwealthymakesyou

a32tothepaycheck,evenwithanastronomicallevelofincome,“she

wrote.Toproperlybuildwealth,expertsrecommendsaving20%yourincomeand

livingoffthe3380%.

Havingconfidenceisanotherkey34asithelpspeopletobethrifty.

Ittakesconfidencetolivewithinyourmeans.Italsotakesconfidenceto

invest35Insteadofmakinginvestingdecisionswithyouremotions,

financialplannersadvisethatyoushouldleaveyourinvestmentsaloneandfbcus

onalong-terminvestmentplan.

Butpeoplecan'tinvest-ormanagetheirownmoney-without36

responsibilityfortheoutcomes.Manymillionairestakeonpersonal

responsibility-andmostalsohappentobeself-made,meaningtheydidn'tacquire

theirwealththroughluck.Millionairesdon'tcountonanyoneelsetomakethem

rich,andtheydon't37anyoneelseiftheyfallshort.Theyfocuson

thingstheycancontrolandaligntheirdailyhabitstothegoalstheyhavesetfor

themselves.Theytendtobegoal38andhardworkers,whichenables

themtoplanfinanciallyandfocusonseeingthoseplansthrough.92%ofthe

millionairessurveyeddevelopedalong-termplanfortheirmoney,and97%

almostalwaysachievedthegoalstheysetforthemselves.

Anditisthese39thatmakeiteasyforthemtobesocially

indifferent.They40lifestylecreep,thetendencytospendmore

wheneveroneearnsmore.Essentially,theydon'tyieldtopressuretobuythe

latestthingortokeepupwithothersorwhattheyhaveacquired.Insteadofbeing

focusedonwhatmightmakethemhappytoday,they'refocusedontheir

long-termwealth-buildingplan.

【答案】

31.I32.C33.F34.A35.G36.D37.B38.E39.H40.J

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了百万富翁们能获得财富归结为六个“财富因素”：节俭、

自信、责任、计划、专注和社会冷漠。

31.考查名词。句意：节俭并不令人感到意外。分析句子可知，空格处为介词as的宾

语，应使用名词表示“惊讶”，surprise符合句意。故选I项。

32.考查名词。句意：入不敷出，即支出而不是以期变得富有为退休支出而储蓄，会让

你成为薪水的奴隶。分析句子以及上文“Spendingaboveyourmeans”可知空格处为宾语

补足语，表示“使你成为奴隶”，应使用名词做宾语补足语，slave符合句意。故选C项。

33.考查形容词。句意：为了合理地积累财富，专家建议你应该把收入的20%存起来，

剩下的80%用来生活。根据上文“expertsrecommendsaving20%yourincome”可知，空格

处表示的意思是“剩余的收入“，remaining“剩下的”符合句意。故选F项。

34.考查名词。句意：自信是另一个重要的特征，因为它帮助人们变得节俭。根据第一

段“Thesewerethriftiness,confidence,responsibility,planning,focusandsocialindifference”

可知，空格处讲的是“另一个重要的特征“，characteristic符合句意。故选A项。

35.考查副词。句意：适当的投资也需要信心。根据下文“Insteadofmakinginvesting

decisionswithyouremotions,financialplannersadvisethatyoushouldleaveyour

investmentsaloneandfocusonalong-terminvestmentplan”可知投资必须适当，空格处为

副词用作状语修饰动词invest,properly符合句意。故选G项。

36.考查动名词。句意：但如果不对结果负责，人们就无法投资或管理自己的资金。根

据下文“Manymillionairestakeonpersonalresponsibility-andmostalsohappentobe

self-made,meaningtheydidn'tacquiretheirwealththroughhick”可知,空格处表示“承担责

任"acceptresponsibility作介词without的宾语，应使用动名词形式。故选D项。

37.考查动词。句意：富翁不指望其他任何人让他们变富，如果他们没有变富，他们也

不会责怪其他任何人。根据上文“Millionairesdon'tcountonanyoneelsetomakethemrich^^

可知，百万富翁没有变富也不会责怪其他任何人。空格处为“责怪”，blame符合句意。

故选B项。

38.考查形容词。句意：他们往往以目标为导向，努力工作，这使他们能够制定财务计

划并专注于实现这些计划。分析句子可知，空格处为表语表示“以目标为导向的，目标

明确的“，oriented”以……为方向的”符合句意。故选E项。

39.考查名词。句意:正是这些行为让他们很容易对社交漠不关心。根据上文“Theytend

tobegoal-___8andhardworkers,whichenablesthemtoplanfinanciallyandfbcuson

seeingthoseplansthrough”可知百万富翁专注于实现这些计划从而忽略了社交，空格处总

结的是百万富翁们的专注的行为，behaviors符合句意。故选H项。

40.考查动词。句意：他们抗拒生活方式的蠕变，即收入越高，支出就越多的倾向。根

据下文“thetendencytospendmorewheneveroneearnsmore”可知百万富翁们对这种生活

方式是抵制的，空格处为句子谓语部分表示“抵制”应使用动词resist,故选J项。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrases

markedA.B.CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext

Insummarisingthestateoftheplanet-risingpopulation,widespreadconflict,

one-sixthoftheplanetsufferingextremepovertyandhunger,global

warming一JeffreySachs,authorof“TheCommonWealth,canpaintaterrible

picture.However,he'san41andbelievesthatalloftheseproblemscan

beovercomeinrelativelystraightforwardwaysandatrelativelylittlecost.That's

becausetherootcausesareinterconnectedand42man-made.

Takechildmortality（死亡）.Perhapssurprisingly,thehigherthechild

mortalityrateis,thehigherthebirthrate.Thisleadstoa43population

whichputsagreaterstressonalreadyscarceresources,sofarmershavetowork

hardertoproduceenoughfoodfbrall,whichmeanschildrenareoftenputtowork

inthefieldsorathome.This,44,stopschildrengettingtheeducation

whichwillallowthemtolearn,amongotherthings,aboutbetterfarming

techniquestoincreasecropyieldsandprovidemorefoodtoeatandsell.Sachs

arguesthatthe45ofprovidingeverychildinpovertywithan

anti-mosquitobednetisamajorfirststep.Malaria（疟疾）isahugecauseofdeath

inchildrenandthebednetsmassively46infections.Thefewerchildren

thatdieofmalaria,themoresecureparentsfeelabouttheirchildrensurviving.

Themoresecureparentsfeel,thefewerchildrentheyhave,andsoon,revisingthe

47trendjustdescribed.

However,itis48acombinationofmeasuresatthesametimethat

trulymakesadifference:freeschoolmealsimproveschoolattendanceandhealth;

supplyingfertiliserstoimprovesoilandbetterseedsprovidesevenbetterharvests;

basichealthcareandcleanwatersupplies49morefataldiseases.

Theseideasarealreadybeing50implementedinover100

Africanvillagesinunderdevelopedregions.Thecostoftheprojectisjust$10per

personperyear,ofwhich50%comesfromdonorsandtherestfromamixtureof

localandnationalgovernmentsandthevillagersthemselves.

Soifit'sso5j,whyhasn'titbeendonebefore?Whataboutall

theaidthathasbeengiventoAfricaandtheunderdevelopedcountriesofthe

world?Hasitbeenlosttocorruption（腐败）？Sachsarguesthattherealproblemis

notcorruption,butthefoctthatrichgovernmentshave52suchalot,

butactuallygivensolittle.Theyagreedtogive0.7%ofnationalincomeinaid,

butonlyfivecountrieshavemetthat53.Hesuggestscurrentaidis

$24billionperyear,whichtranslatesasjusttendollarsperperson一notnearly

enoughtoimplementthe54measures.

SowhileSachsseesanopportunitytoendpovertyforever,healsoraisesan

55thatthiscouldbethelastchancewehave,"Thelongerwewait,

thegreateristhesufferingandthelargerthelong-termcosts?

41.A.economistB.optimistC.expertD.opponent

42.A.prospectivelyB.essentiallyC.thoughtfullyD.refreshingly

43.A.decliningB.globalC.boomingD.local

44.A.inturnB.bycontrastC.onendD.withcare

45.A.truthB.principleC.solutionD.statement

46.A.transmitB.specifyC.worsenD.reduce

47.A.downwardB•generalC・modemD.previous

48.A.describingB.reservingC.adoptingD.protesting

49.A.modifyB.intensifyC.preventD.locate

50.A.successfullyB.hesitantlyC.personallyD.worthlessly

51.A.popularB,simpleC.hardD.strange

52.A.spentB,promisedC.learnedD.featured

53.A.requirementB.conditionC.challengeD.target

54.A.restrictedB.standardizedC.requestedD.combined

55.A.alarmB.objectionC.amountD.instance

【答案】

41.B42.B43.C44.A45.C46.D47.A48.C49.C50.A5

1.B52.B53.D54.D55.A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是《共同财富》一书的作者JeffreySachs认为当前

的世界状况可以使用简单且成本较低的方式解决，同时也指出了执行这一些列措施的过

程中出现的问题，最后也给人类发出警报：这是我们最后的机会啦。

41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他是一个乐观的人，并相信所有这些问题都可以

以相对直接的方式和相对较低的成本来解决。A.economist经济学家；B.optimist乐观

主义者;C.expert专家；D.opponent对手。根据下文中的“…believesthatallofthese

problemscanbeovercomeinrelativelystraightforwardwaysandatrelativelylittlecost.“可

知，他认为可以通过简单且成本较低的方式解决这一难题，由此可知，他是一个乐观的

人。故选B项。

42.考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是因为根本原因是相互关联的，本质上是人为的。

A.prospectively预期地；B.essentially本质上；C.thoughtfully深思地；D.refreshingly

清爽地。根据下文“SachsarguesthattherealproblemisnotcoiTuption,butthefactthatrich

governmentshave12suchalot,butactuallygivensolittle.Theyagreedtogive

0.7%ofnationalincomeinaid,butonlyfivecountrieshavemetthat____13以及全文

语境可知，造成问题没有解决的本质是人为的原因。故选B项。

43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这导致人口激增，给本已稀缺的资源带来更大的压力，

因此农民必须更加努力地工作，为所有人生产足够的食物，这意味着儿童经常被安排在

田间或家里工作。A.declining衰退的;B.global全球的；C.booming繁荣的;D.local

当地的。根据上文中的"Perhapssurprisingly,thehigherthechildmortalityrateis,thehigher

thebirthrate.”可知，死亡率越高，出生率就越高，这就可以造成人口增长。故选C项。

44.考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：反过来，这又阻碍了儿童接受教育，使他们能够学

习更好的耕作技术，以提高作物产量，提供更多的食物和销售。A.inturn转而；B.by

contrast相比之卜；C.onend连续地；D.withcare小心地。根据上文中的“…sofarmers

havetoworkhardertoproduceenoughfoodforall,whichmeanschildrenareoftenputto

workinthefieldsorathome.”可知，孩子们被安置在田间或者是在家里工作，造成的结

果是阻止了他们接受教育。故选A项。

45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sachs认为，为每个贫困儿童提供防蚊帐的解决方案是

重要的第一步。A.truth事实；B.principle原则；C.solution解决方法;D.statement陈

述。根据上文中的“…thatalloftheseproblemscanbeovercomeinrelativelystraightforward

waysandatrelativelylittlecost.”可知，这是Sachs所提到的简单而又廉价的解决方法的

第一步。故选C项。

46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：疟疾是儿童死亡的巨大原因，蚊帐大大减少了感染。

A.transmit转换；B.specify明确指出;C.worsen使恶化;D.reduce减少。根据"thebed

netsmassively”可知，蚊帐大大减少了感染。故选D项。

47.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父母越有安全感，他们的孩子就越少，等等，从而改

变了之前描述的低迷趋势。A.downward向下的；B.general总体的；C.modem现代的；

D.previous以前的。根据上文中的“Perhapssuiprisingly,thehigherthechildmortalityrate

is*thehigherthebirthrate.”可知，死亡率越高，出生率就越高，反过来，孩子们死亡的

少了，家长安全感增强了，出生率也随之下降。故选A项。

48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，它同时采取了一系列措施，真正起到了作用:免

费校餐提高了出勤率和健康水平;提供肥料来改善土壤，提供更好的种子带来更好的收

成;基本保健和清洁水供应防止了更多致命疾病。A.descr