2023-2024学年江苏省基地大联考高三（上）第一次质检英语试卷（含解析）

2023-2024学年江苏省基地大联考高三(上)第一次质检英语试卷

一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，共37.5分)

A

SantaClausExpressTrain一FatherChristmasisComingtoTown!RighttothecoolTrainHistoryParkofHungary.

SantaClausTrainisagreattrainprogramtowelcomeSantaClauswiththekids,thistimeintheHungarianRailway

Museum,oneofthebestmuseumswithchildren(andtrainenthusiasts)inBudapest.

Eventdates：Dec8,Dec9andDec10(Sunday)in2023

ThesteamengineexpresstrainwilltakethechildrenandparentsfromNyugatiTrainStationtotheRailwayMuseum

inBudapest.TheOrientHalloftheTrainMuseumturnsintoafestivepartyandstagetowannlywelcomeSantaand

hishelperswhobringlotsofgoodiesandgiftsforthekids.Thereisusuallyashow,goodiebagsfromSanta,etc.

BookingtheticketsfortheSantaClaustrainisfrommidOctober.

AndifyoushouldbewonderingwhytheSantaClauscomessoearlyinHungary,atthebeginningofDecember,

ratherthanasFatherChristmasshould,atChristmas,thefactisthatinHungary,SantaClaushasaspecialday,

Dec6(StNikolaus'sday),whiletheChristmaspresentsinHungaryarebroughtbytheBabyJesus(ortheLittle

Angel).Don'taskhowkidsbelievethatababyshouldbesostrong.Theydo.SoaproperHungarianSantaClaus

(TelapoakaMikulas)shouldcomearoundDec6.

Moreinfoaboutthespecialchildrentrain,andbookingtickets：

MagyarVasuttortenetiPark(Address：95TataiWay,DistrictXIV,postcode1142/Budapest,Tatailit95.)

TeL/fax：(06-1)450-1497

EmailandbookingtheSantaClaustrainseats：DoingtheCapitolCrawl——itwasn*tjusttoclaimmyrights,butitwasalsotoclaimtherightsofmy

generationandfuturegenerationsofkidswithdisabilities,"Jennifersaid.

Jenniferwasayounggirlwhohaddreamsofonedayattendingcollegeandlivingafulfillinglife.Atage2,Jennifer

wasdiagnosedwithadiseasethataffectsthebrainandleavesherusingawheelchair.Jenniferwasabrightandbrave

girl,yetwhensheattemptedtoattendschool,shewasarrangedtoseparateclassesforstudentswithdisabilities,

regardlessofwhatshecoulddo.Shefoundherselfunabletoattendsomeschoolactivities,andaccessgovernment

buildings.Jenniferacceptedthelimitationsofherphysicallife,butnotthelimitationsofthephysicalworldaround

her.

JenniferbecameactiveincampaigningfbrtheAmericanswithDisabilitiesAct.Shejoinedinpeacefulprotestsand,

atage7,wasarrestedinMontreal,amomentinhistorythatshockedNorthAmerica.Atage8,Jennifertraveledto

WashingtonD.C.Theshybutdeterminedlittlegirlcaughttheattentionofthecountrywhenshecrawledunaidedup

theCapitolsteps.ltworked.JennifermetwithCongress,andPresidentGeorgeH.W.BushsignedtheAmericanswith

DisabilitiesActintolaw.

Jenniferremainsanactivisttoday,makingsureallpeoplewithdisabilitiesaretreatedfairlyandhaveequalaccessto

publicplaces,schoolsandbusinesses.Theonlybarriersthatremainarethoseofviewpoints.Jenniferwantsallofus

toknowthatphysicaldisabilitiesarenotabarriertofriendship,careeropportunitiesorlove.Shegraduatedfrom

ArizonaStateUniversitywithadegreeinfamilyandhumandevelopment.Forher,likeallofus,makingadifference

beginsonestepatatime,nomatterhowharditis.

4.WhatcanweknowaboutJenniferfromthetext?

A.Sheenjoyedremovingbarriersforothers.

B.Shejoinedinmakingalawforthedisabled.

C.Shewantedthedisabledtobeequallytreated.

D.Shetriedtofightformorerightsforherself.

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A.Thesocietydiscriminatedagainstthedisabled.

B.Thegirlhadtosubmitherselftotherealworld.

C.Theschoolshowedspecialcareforthedisabled.

D.Thedisabledgainedfreeaccesstopublicplaces.

6.HowdidJennifergettheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActsignedintolaw?

A.Bydemonstratingherdetermination.

B.BytravellingtoWashingtonD.

C.C.BydeliveringaspeechtoCongress.

D.Byparticipatinginpeacefulprotests.

7.What'stheremainingbarriertofairtreatmentforthedisabled?

A.Buildingalong-timefriendship.

B.Obtainingadegreeinuniversity.

C.Changingpeople'sfixedmindset.

D.Seizingmorecareeropportunities.

c

Durham,26yearsold,isoneofmanysocial-mediacareerinfluencerswhohaverisentofamebysharingtipsabout

workwithacasual,accessibletone.Regardlessoftheirlocations,thesecontentcreatorsoftenadoptasimilarstyle：

Filmingthemselvestalkingtothecameraabouttopicssuchashowtostandoutintheinterviews,negotiatesalaries,

handleperformancereviewsandcommunicatewithmanagers.

Whilecareercoachingisnotanewindustry，expertssaysocialmediaprovidesanewwaytodeliverthisinformation

that*sparticularlyappealingtoyoungworkersrightnow.MaryChayko,aprofessoratRutgersUniversity,says

seekingadviceonsocialmediafeelsmoreconvenientandefficienttoyoungpeople.

Evenifinfluencerslacktheirownextendedprofessionaltenure（终身职位），andoftendon'tholdcoaching

certificates,expertssaytheyhavequalitiesthatmakefollowerstrustthem.Theirtransparency（透明性）makesthem

feellargelyaccessibleandeasy-going.Theircasualstyleappealstoaudiences,becauseitoffersglimpsesintowho

theyareaspeople.nNotbeingtoopolishedinthewaythatyoupresentyourselfisanotherindicatorthatyouare

somebodywhocanbetrusted,℃haykosays.

Whilesocialmediaadvicecanbemotivating,ithasitslimitations.VideosonInstagramandTikToktendtobefairly

broad,relyingongeneralizationsaboutcultureandhumanbehaviorthatmaynotapplytoaperson'sindividual

situation.Moreover,manyofthedecision-makersintheworkforcebelongtooldergenerations,meaningthatyoung

workers*abilitytounderstandthevaluesoftheseleaderswillalsobeimportant.Relyingsolelyonyoungercoaches

couldnarrowtheirknowledgescope（范围）.

Yetforyoungworkers,followingcareerinfluencersmaybeasmuchenterprisingasitispractical.Influencers

demonstrateanidealizedworkpersona（职场人士形象），conveyingasenseofcontrolandconfidencethatmany

peoplelongforintheirprofessionallives.

8.WhyisEmilyDurhammentionedinthebeginning?

A.Topresentafact.B.Todescribeascene.

C.Toexplainaconcept.D.Tointroducethetopic.

9.WhatdoesMaryChaykotellusinparagraph2?

A.Theyoungareeagerfornewcareers.

B.Theyoungareaddictedtosocialmedia.

C.Theyoungenjoyspreadinginformation.

D.Theyoungtendtoaskforadviceonline.

10.Whycancareerinfluencersappealtotheirfollowers?

A.Theypossesssomecoachingcertificates.

B.Theyownextendedprofessionaltenure.

C.Theygivethepublicpolishedappearance.

D.Theytrytobeseeminglyworthyoftrust.

11.Whatdoesparagraph4focusonconcerningsocialmediacareeradvice?

A.Itsbenefits.B.Itsfunctions.

C.Itsshortcomings.D.Itsfeatures.

D

Astheworldchanges,humansencounternewthingsthatneedtobedescribedusingafixedsetofwords.Acommon

strategyistoreuseexistingwords—i.e.,wordmeaningextension.Forexample,"mouse“canrefertoacomputer

controldevicenow.Childrenalsoextendwordmeaningscreativelyastheylearntheirlanguages.

Brochhagenetal.presentsevidencethattheextensionprocessthatgivesrisetonewtermsintheshorttermisthe

sameprocessthatgeneratespatternsbetweenlanguagesoverthelongterm.Theirfindingshavemajorimplications

forthestudyoflanguagechangeoverevolutionaryhistory.

Brochhagenetal.usedthreedifferentdatabasets：adatabaseofcommonerrorsmadebychildrenwhenlearningto

communicate,adatabaseofdocumentedhistoricalsemantic（语义的）shifts（forexample,themeaningof

“viral"recentlyshiftedfrom“causedbyavirusMto"spreadingwidely"）,andaglobaldatabasecontaininginformation

aboutwhichwordshavethesamemeaningindifferentlanguages.

Theresearchersfoundthatthereisasharedfoundation.Theyarguethatthiscommonalityisnotanoutcomeof

childhooderrorsbecomingadulthoodnorms.Instead,theybelievethatthereisanunderlyingcommonfoundation一

creativity.Thatis,bothchildrenandadultsusetheirrichknowledgeoftheworldandtheobjectsinittolabel（贴

标签于）newthingsonthebasisoftheirsimilaritytothingstheyalreadyknow.Itisthiscreativitythatcouldcause

thewordmeaningextensioninlanguageevolution.

TheanalysisofBrochhagenetal.addstorecentstudiesshowingthatsmall-scaleprocessescanhaveagreateffecton

languagesatalargerscale.Forexample,wordsthatarecommonlyusedorhaveabstractfeaturesindailyspeechtend

tobethosethatevolvemoreslowlyinthelongterm.Similarly,evidenceindicatesthatlow-levelcognitivehabits,

suchasapreferencefortakingnounphrasesasthecoreofasentence,mayhaveshapedtheglobalpatternsof

languagediversity.Takentogether,thesefindingshaveimportantimplicationsforinvestigatinglanguages.

12.Whatisthecommonwayofdescribingnewthings?

A.Addingnewmeaningstoexistingwords.

B.Creatingnewwordswithsimilarmeanings.

C.Restoringwordsthathaveeverabandoned.

D.Borrowingwordsfromforeignlanguages.

13.Howdidtheresearchersgettheirfindings?

A.Bymakinglanguageerrorslikechildren.

B.Bycollectingdatafromdifferentangles.

C.Bycreatingnewwordsinthelongterm.

D.Byarguingwithpeopleinthesamefield.

14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?

A.Theeffectofgloballanguagediversity.

B.Themethodsoflanguageinvestigation.

C.Thefindingsaboutlanguageevolution.

D.Theprocessofwordmeaningextension.

15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhychildrenmakesimilarerrorsB.Whypeopleextendwordmeanings

C.HowchildrenlearnnewlanguagesD.Howpeopledescribenewthings

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共12.5分)

Fornewlyadmittedcollegestudents,adaptingtotheacademicenvironmentincollegewillbeanewchallenge.The

studyskillsusedinhighschoolmaybeadisadvantageinyourcollegeexperience.Incollege,professorsarenot

concernedifyoupassorfail.(1)

Toprepareforthecourseloadahead,itisimportanttostartfindingwaystoimproveyourstudyhabits.Somestudents

maintainstudyhabitsthatworkforthem,whetheritisactiverecallorreviewingtheirnotesbeforeanexam.(2)

Theystayuplateforexamstomorroworleaveassignmentstothelastminute.

Clubscanmakeitchallengingforyoutosettleintotheroutineofhighereducation.(3)Developingand

practisingeffectivestudyhabitswillhelpyoustayorganizedandallowyoutodevelopintoadisciplinedcollege

studentevenifyouhavealotofclubactivitiestoattend.

(4)SogetacollegeplannerassoonaspossibleiThismightbearegularplanner,asimplenotepadora

wallcalendar.Sitdownearlyinthesemesterandscheduleyourupcomingdeadlines,assignments,examsandstudy

timeonyourweeklyplanner.Onceyouhaveorganizedyourassignmentsandstudytimeforthesemester,makeevery

efforttosticktothatschedule.

Youmaypreferadigitalscheduleandcalendar.(5)Testdates,extracurricularactivities,studyperiods,

andassignmentduedatescanallbesetasreminderssoyouwillnevermissadeadline.

A.Herearetipstowinprofessors'support.

B.Manyothershavenotformedsuchhabits.

C.Considercreatinganagendaonyourdevices.

0.Organizationisimportantforsuccessincollege.

E.Buttheyfindreferencebooksfortheirresearchinthelibrary.

F.Therefore,beingself-reliantanddeterminedincollegeisimportant.

G.Fortunately,theseactivitiesdon'tpreventyoufromearningyourdegree.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)

Weallhavedreamsforourkids.EventhoughhersonLeonisjustababy,Tamandanihopeshewillbecomea(1)

someday.Whenhewasbornwithclubfoot(畸形足),Tamandanithoughtthosedreamswouldnotcomeinto

(2).

After(3)Leonwasbornwithadisability,Tamandani'shusbandleftherandhernewborn.Thetotal(4)

ofcarenowfallsonhershoulders.Tamandanisupportsthefamilywithasmallbusinessthat(5)

meetstheirdailyneeds.Thecostoftransportationtoaclubfootclinicwasnotsomethingshehadworkedintotheir

(6).

Shortlyafterhisbirth,thedistricthospital(7)Leon'sfamilytotheHopeWalkspartnerclinicatBlantyre

inMalawi.TamandanitookLeontohisfirstvisit,whereclinicians(8)thefirstcast(石膏)inthePonseti

methodoftreatment.Leoncriedalotmakinghermomfearthecastwastooheavyforher(9)legs.

TheparentadvisorGertrudewasvery(10)withTamandani,educatingherabouttheclubfoottreatment

process,encouragingher,andstrengtheningthisyoungmom's(11).TamandanibelongstotheChurch

ofCentralAfricanPresbyterian,butthroughthis(12).sheacceptedChristashersavior(救星).

"Originally,I(13)hopethatmychildcouldbetreatedfromclubfoot,"Tamandanisaid."!didn'tevenknow

wheretogoforthetreatment.ButIthankGodforhis(14).IndeedGod'stimingisthebest."

WhoknowsifLeonwillsomedaybeapoliceofficerashismotherdreams?Now(15)thankstoherhealing,

itispossible.

21.A.firemanB.sportsmanC.policemanD.businessman

22.A.practiceB.realityC.effectD.sight

23.A.realizingB.decidingC.admittingD.anticipating

24.A.passionB.prejudiceC.stressD.guidance

25.A.completelyB.ultimatelyC.broadlyD.barely

26.A.scheduleB.assessmentC.budgetD.principle

27.A.refenedB.contributedC.extendedD.distributed

28.A.combinedB.appliedC.exposedD.operated

29.A.healthyB.strongC.brokenD.delicate

30.A.anxiousB.guiltyC.contentD.patient

31.A.faithB.doubtC.worryD.position

32.A.trickB.trialC.sampleD.route

33.A.offeredB.embracedC.raisedD.lost

34.A.presenceB.blessingC.devotionD.cooperation

35.A.atlargeB.atrandomC.atleastD.atbest

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

36.Renownedforitsterracottawarriors,theancientChinesecityofXi*aninShaanxiprovinceisalsoafood

paradise.DuetoitslocationontheancientSilkRoad,foodsinXi'an(1)(influence)byplacesfarand

wide.Withalonghistoryofgrowingwheat,Xi'anishometovariouskindsofflour-basedfood,(2)even

simplenoodlesappearindifferentshapes,sizesandtastes.

RoujiamoisoneofthemostfamousstreetfoodsinXi'anandisalsoknownasChina's(3)(simplify)

versionofthehamburger.

Yangroupaomo,isanothersignaturefoodofXi'an,andit(4)(date)backto11thcenturyBC.

Biangbiangnoodlesarethick,fatandlong.Eachbelt-likestrandisthreefingerswide,spiralingdownintoabig

bowLBiangbiangnoodlesarepopularamongChinese(5)itsdistinctivetasteaswellasitsname,(6)

isacharactersocomplicatedmanyChinesedon*tevenknowhowtowriteit.

Liangpiarecoldnoodlesmadefromwheatorriceflour,and(7)populardishinmanyotherplacesinChina,

(8)(especial)insummer.

Youpomian,oil-sprayednoodleswithspicysauce,arehand-pullednoodleswithasizzlingoildressing.Boilingoil

ispouredoverthetop(9)(create)aspecialfragrancewhenserving.

Apparently,Xi'anshowsgreat(10)(mature)infoodculture,attractingmanytouristseveryyear.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)

37.假如你是李华，负责你校英文经典阅读书评写作比赛(WritingCompetitionofEnglishClassicsBook

Review)的评审工作，请你给外教Josh写一封邮件邀请他担任评委。内容包括：

(1)比赛介绍：

(2)评比要求。

注意：

(1)写作词数应为80左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearJosh,

Yours,LiHua

38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

EricraisedhisdaughterRileyalone.Oneday,Ericnoticedayoungteenageboystandinginfrontofadrugstore.He

approachedhim,andfoundoutthattheboywantedtobuymedicineforhissickmother,buthadnomoney.Theboy

criedout,nIfIdon'tbringhomemedicine,mymomwilldie.ButIwon'tbeabletohandleit.”

Uponhearingthis,Ericdidn'thesitatetopayforthemedicine/TIlpayforthemedicineonhisbehalf,"hesaid,

handingthepharmacist(药剂师)acoupleofbillsfromhispocket.TheboylookedatEricwithgratefuleyes,and

cried,"Thankyousomuch.Youareheaven-sent."

"Therewillalwaysbepeoplewillingtohelpyou,son,"Erictoldhimbeforehandinghimtwoportionsoffood."Here,

takethistoyourmomandhaveahotmealwithher,"hesaidbeforelettingtheboygo.

HisdaughterRileysawthewholesceneandsaid,“Dad,wehavebarelyenoughmoney.Whydidyoupayforthe

medicine?'"'Riley,thegoodyouputoutintotheworldwilleventuallyfinditswaybacktoyou.Justkeepdoinggood,

“Erictoldhisdaughter.

WhenRileyturnedthirty,sheneededanoperationurgentlyafterbeingtoldtherewassomethingwrongwithher

heart.Withdifficultybreathing,EricrushedRileytothehospitalinanambulance."You'Dbealright,Riley,nhe

cried."Don'tworry；Daddyishere.We'Ugetthroughthistogether,“hepromisedher.

Ericdidtryhisbesttofindthemoneyforhisdaughter'soperation.Heaskedallofhisfriends,butitwasstillnot

enough.Therefore,Ericdecidedtoselltheirhouse.ltwasenoughtopayforheroperation,buttheywouldbeleftwith

nothing/'It'sokay,“hetoldhimself."!willbeabletoearnmoneyagain,butifIlosemydaughter,nothingwillever

bringherback.”

BythetimeEricmadeitbacktothehospital,Rileywasinherhospitalroom,weakandpale.Hesatbesideherbed

andheldherhand."You'llbeokay,mysweetdaughter.We'llsoonhavethemoneyfortheoperation,"hepromised

her.

注意：

(1)续写词数应为150左右；

(2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

Ericsuddenlynoticedanenvelopeonthebed.___

Herantothedoctor'sofficeandhuggedhim.___

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】B、C、B

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第五段BookingtheticketsfortheSantaClaustrainisfrommidOctober.（圣

诞老人列车的订票时间从10月中旬开始。）可知根据文章，父母被要求提前订票。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第六段

SoaproperHungarianSantaClaus（TelapoakaMikulas）shouldcomearoundDec6.（所以真正的匈牙利圣诞

老人（TelapoakaMikulas）应该在12月6日左右出现。）再结合常识12月6日左右应该是周末。所以这个

节日发生在十二月初的那个周末。故选C。

（3）文章出处题。阅读全文可知这篇短文主要介绍了匈牙利的圣诞老人火车活动。这个活动将在匈牙利铁

路博物馆举行，孩子们和父母将乘坐蒸汽火车从Nyugati火车站前往铁路博物馆，欢迎圣诞老人和他的助手

们，他们会带来许多好吃的和礼物。在匈牙利，圣诞老人会在12月6日（圣尼古拉斯日）来到，而圣诞礼

物则是由婴儿耶稣或小天使带来的。预订圣诞老人火车的票务将在10月中旬开始。所以会出现在旅游指南

中。故选B»

这篇短文主要介绍了匈牙利的圣诞老人火车活动。这个活动将在匈牙利铁路博物馆举行，孩子们和父母将

乘坐蒸汽火车从Nyugati火车站前往铁路博物馆，欢迎圣诞老人和他的助手们，他们会带来许多好吃的和礼

物。在匈牙利，圣诞老人会在12月6日（圣尼古拉斯日）来到，而圣诞礼物则是由婴儿耶稣或小天使带来

的。预订圣诞老人火车的票务将在10月中旬开始。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔

细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

4~7.【答案】C、A、A、C

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段DoingtheCapitolCrawl—itwasn'tjusttoclaimmyrights,

butitwasalsotoclaimtherightsofmygenerationandfuturegenerationsofkidswithdisabilities（国一会大厦J型行

—这不仅仅是为了维护我的权利，也是为了维护我这一代和未来儿代残疾儿童的权利）可知，Jennifer想

要残疾人被公平对待。故选C。

（2）推理段落题。根据第二段Jenniferwasabrightandbravegirl,yetwhensheattemptedtoattendschool,

shewasarrangedtoseparateclassesforstudentswithdisabilities,

regardlessofwhatshecoulddo.Shefoundherselfunabletoattendsomeschoolactivities,

andaccessgovernmentbuildings.Jenniferacceptedthelimitationsofherphysicallife,

butnotthelimitationsofIhephysicalworldaroundher.（詹妮弗是一个聪明勇敢的女孩，但当她试图上学时，

她被安排为残疾学生分班，不管她能做什么。她发现自己无法参加一些学校活动，也无法进入政府大楼。

詹妮弗接受了自己物质生活的局限，但没有接受周围物质世界的局限。）可知，从第二段可以推断出社会

对残疾人的歧视。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段

TheshybutdeterminedlittlegirlcaughttheattentionofthecountrywhenshecrawledunaideduptheCapitolsteps

.Itworked.JennifermetwithCongress,

andPresidentGeorgeH.W.BushsignedtheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActintolaw.（当这个害羞但坚定的小女

孩独自爬上国会大厦的台阶时，引起了全国的注意。它奏效了。詹妮弗会见了国会，乔治・H・W•布什总统

签署了《美国残疾人法案》，使之成为法律。）可知，詹妮弗通过展示自己的决心使《美国残疾人法案》

签署成为法律。故选A。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段

Theonlybarriersthatremainarethoseofviewpoints.Jenniferwantsallofustoknowthatphysicaldisabilitiesaren

otabarriertofriendship,careeropportunitiesorlove.（剩下的唯一障碍是观点。詹妮弗想让我们所有人都知

道，身体残疾并不是友谊、职业机会或爱情的障碍。）可知，残疾人公平待遇的剩余障碍是改变人们的固

定心态。故选C。

本文为记叙文。短文主要写了终身残疾权利活动家詹妮弃用轮椅，在8岁时爬上国会大厦的台阶，迫使国

会通过了一项具有里程碑意义的民权法律，增加了残疾人的进入权并消除了障碍。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔

细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌

胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8~11.【答案】D、D、D、C

【解析】（1）写作意图题。根据第一段Durham,26yearsold,

isoneofmanysocial-mediacareerinfluencerswhohaverisentofamebysharingtipsaboutworkwithacasual,

accessibletone.Regardlessoftheirlocations,thesecontentcreatorsoftenadoptasimilarstyle：

Filmingthemselvestalkingtothecameraabouttopicssuchashowtostandoutintheinterviews,negotiatesalaries,

handleperformancereviewsandcommunicatewithmanagers.（26岁的达勒姆是众多社交媒体网红之一，他们

通过以随意、平易近人的语气分享工作技巧而声名鹊起。无论他们在哪里，这些内容创作者通常都采用类

似的风格：拍摄自己对着镜头谈论一些话题，比如如何在面试中脱颖而出、协商薪水、处理绩效评估以及

与经理沟通。）可知，文章开头提到EmilyDurham是为了引出主题一多社交媒体网红。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段MaryChayko,aprofessoratRutgersUniversity,

saysseekingadviceonsocialmediafeelsmoreconvenientandefficienttoyoungpeople.（罗格斯大学教授Mary

Chayko表示，对年轻人来说，在社交媒体上寻求建议更方便、更高效。）可知，MaryChayko在第2段中

告诉我们，年轻人倾向于在网上寻求建议。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Theircasualstyleappealstoaudiences,

becauseitoffersglimpsesintowhotheyareaspeople/'Notbeingtoopolishedinthewaythatyoupresentyourself

isanotherindicatorthatyouaresomebodywhocanbetrusted,"Chaykosays.（他们的休闲风格吸引着观众，因

为它让我们看到了他们作为人的样子。Chayko说：“你展现自己的方式不太精致是另一个迹象，表明你是一

个值得信任的人。可知，职业网红吸引着他们的粉丝，因为他们试图看起来值得信任。故选D。

（4）段落大意题。根据第四段Whilesocialmediaadvicecanbemotivating,ithasitslimitations.（虽然社交媒

体的建议可以激励人，但也有其局限性。）可知，第4段关注社交媒体职业建议的缺点。故选C。

本文为说明文。文章主要讨论了社交媒体职业影响者如何通过分享工作技巧而走红，他们的风格通俗易懂，

吸引了大量年轻工作者的关注。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔

细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌

胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12〜15.【答案】A、B、C、D

［解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的Acommonstrategyistoreuseexistingwords—i.e.,

wordmeaningextension.Forexample,"mouse"canrefertoacomputercontroldevicenow（——种常见的策略是

重复使用现有的单词，即词义扩展。例如，“鼠”现在可以指计算机控制设备），可知给现有单词添加新的含

义是描述新事物的常用方式，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段的Brochhagenetal.usedthreedifferentdatabasets（Brochhagen等人使用了三

个不同的数据库），可知研究人员通过从不同角度收集数据得出了他们的发现，故选B。

（3）段落大意题。根据最后一段

TheanalysisofBrochhagenetal.addstorecentstudiesshowingthatsmall-scaleprocessescanhaveagreateffecto

nlanguagesatalargerscale.Forexample,

wordsthatarecommonlyusedorhaveabstractfeaturesindailyspeechtendtobethosethatevolvemoreslowlyin

thelongterm.Similarly,evidenceindicatesthatlow-levelcognitivehabits,

suchasapreferencefortakingnounphrasesasthecoreofasentence,

mayhaveshapedtheglobalpatternsoflanguagediversity.Takentogether,

thesefindingshaveimportantimplicationsforinvestigatinglanguages（Brochhagen等人的分析表明，最近的研

究表明，小规模的过程可以在更大范围内对语言产生巨大影响。例如，日常言语中常用或具有抽象特征的

单词往往是那些长期进化较慢的单词。同样，有证据表明，低水平的认知习惯，例如偏好将名词短语作为

句子的核心，可能塑造了语言多样性的全球模式。总之，这些发现对研究语言具有重要意义），可知最后

一段集中讨论了有关语言进化的发现，故选C。

（4）标题判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段的Astheworldchanges,

humansencounternewthingsthatneedtobedescribedusingafixedsetofwords（随着世界的变化，人类遇到了

需要用一组固定的单词来描述的新事物），可知本文主要介绍人们描述新事物的方法，所以

D.Howpeopledescribenewthings（人们如何描述新事物）能够反映文章的主题，是一个合适的标题，故选D。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了人们描述新事物所需要的新词汇的创造方法。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔

细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】F、B、G、D、C

【解析】（1）细节理解题.根据上文

Thestudyskillsusedinhighschoolmaybeadisadvantageinyourcollegeexperience.lncollege,

professorsarenotconcernedifyoupassorfail.（高中时使用的学习技能可能对你的大学经历不利。在大学里，

教授们并不关心你是及格还是不及格。）可知下文是大学里面需要靠自己。F项Therefore,

beingself-reliantanddeterminedincollegeisimporlanl.（因此，在大学里自力更生和下定决心是很重要的。）

符合语境。故选F。

（2）细节理解题。根据上文Somestudentsmaintainstudyhabitsthatworkforthem,

whetheritisactiverecallorreviewingtheirnotesbeforeanexam.（一些学生保持着对他们有用的学习习惯，无

论是主动回忆还是在考试前复习笔记。）可知下文是其他学生的情况。B项

Manyothershavenotformedsuchhabits.（许多其他人还没有养成这样的习惯。）符合语境。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据下文

Developingandpractisingeffectivestudyhabitswillhelpyoustayorganizedandallowyoutodevelopintoadisci

plinedcollegestudentevenifyouhavealotofclubactivitiestoattend.

（培养和练习有效的学习习惯将有助于你保持条理，并使你成为一名纪律严明的大学生，即使你有很多俱

乐部活动要参加。）可知上文是参加这些俱乐部的好处。G项Fortunately,

theseactivitiesdon'tpreventyoufromearningyourdegree.（幸运的是，这些活动并没有阻止你获得学位。）符

合语境。故选G。

（4）段落大意题。根据下文Sogetacollegeplannerassoonaspossible!Thismightbearegularplanner,

asimplenotepadorawallcalendar.（所以尽快找个大学规划师吧！这可能是一个常规的计划，一个简单的记

事本或挂历。）可知本段主要介绍了组织的重要性。D项Organization