初三寒假第二讲九年级unit3-unit4动词时态语态学生版

初三寒假第二讲：九年级unit3unit4Unit3Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?课文回顾2dRoleplaytheconversation.HeWei:ThisisFunTimesPark—thebiggestamusementparkinmycity!Alice:I'mexcitedtotrytherides!HeWei:Whatshouldwestartwith?There'sSpaceWorld,WaterWorld,AnimalWorld...Alice:Beforewedecide,couldyoufirsttellmewherethe_________（洗手间）are?HeWei:Pardon?Restroom?Youwanttorest?Butwehaven'teven_______(start)yet!Alice:Ohno,Idon'tm_____that.Imean...youknow,awashroomor_________（浴室）.HeWei:Hmm...soyoumean...thetoilets?Alice:Yes!Sorry,maybepeopleinChinadon'toftenusetheword“restroom”whentheyspeakEnglish.HeWei:That'sright.InChina,we_______(normal)say“toilet”or“washroom”inEnglish.Anyway,they'reoverthere.Alice:OK.I'llbequick!HeWei:Noproblem.Youdon'tneedto______（仓促）!Unit3SectionA3aFunTimesPark—AlwaysaFunTime![AliceandHeWeiareinSpaceWorld]Alice:Iwonder___weshouldgonext.HeWei:Howaboutthatnewrideoverthere?Alice:Well...itlooksscary.HeWei:eon!Ipromiseit’llbe___________(excite)!Ifyou’rescared,justshoutorholdmyhand.[Aftertheride]Alice:Youwereright!Thatwasfun!Iwasscaredatfirst,but(shout)didhelp.HeWei:See,thatwasn’tsobad,right?Youneverknow__________youtrysomething.Alice:Yes,I’msogladItriedit.HeWei:DoyouwanttogotoWaterWorldnow?Alice:Sure,butI’m__________(get)hungry.Doyouknowwherewecangetsomegoodfoodquickly?HeWei:Ofcourse!I__________(建议)WaterCityRestaurantinWaterWorld.Itservesdeliciousfood.Alice:Great!Let’sgo![OntheirwaytoWaterCityRestaurant,AliceandHeWeipass__________UncleBob’s.]Alice:Look!Thisrestaurantlooksinteresting.Thesignsaysarockbandplayshereeveryevening.HeWei:Whydon’tweebackherefordinnerlater?Let’saskwhattimethebandstartsplaying.[AliceandHeWeiwalkuptoastaffpersonatthedoor.]HeWei:Excuseme,couldyoutelluswhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?taff:Eighto’clock.Therestaurantisalwaysbusy,soealittle__________(early)togetatable.HeWei:OK.Thankyou!Unit3SectionB2bCouldyouplease...?Whenyouvisitaforeigncountry,itisimportanttoknowhow__________(ask)forhelp__________(polite).Forexample,youmayask“Wherearetherestrooms?”or“Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?”Thesearesimilar__________(请求)for(方向).Bothare(正确的),butthefirstonesoundsmorepolite.Thatisbecauseitisavery__________(directly)question.Itisnotenoughtojustaskaquestioncorrectly.Wealsoneedtolearnhowtobepolitewhenweaskforhelp.Goodspeakerschangethewaytheyspeakindifferent__________(situation).Theexpressionstheyusemightdependontheyarespeakingtoorhowwelltheyknoweachother.Itisallrighttoaskyourclassmatesdirectquestionsbecauseyouknowthemwell.However,ifyousaytoyourteacher,“Whenistheschooltrip?”,thismightsound(polite).Butifyousay,“Excuseme,Mr.West.Doyouknowwhentheschooltripis?”,thiswillsoundmuchmorepolite.Usuallypolitequestionsarelonger.Theyincludeexpressionssuchas“Couldyouplease...?”or“MayIask...?”Itsoundsmorepolitetosay,“Peter,couldyoupleasetellmeyouremailaddress?”than“Peter,tellmeyouremailaddress.”Sometimesweevenneedtospendtime__________(lead)intoarequest.Forexample,wemightfirstsaytoa(陌生人),“Excuseme,Iwonderifyoucanhelpme”or“I’msorrytotroubleyou,but...”beforeaskingforhelp.Itmightseem__________(difficult)tospeakpolitelythandirectly.However,itisimportanttolearnhowtousetherightlanguageindifferentsituations.Thiswillalsohelpyoumunicatebetter__________otherpeople.重点知识讲解IsuggestWaterCityRestaurantinWaterWorld.我推荐水上世界的水城餐馆。（教材P193a）suggest作及物动词，意为“建议；提议”，其名词形式为suggestion(建议；提议)。其用法如下：动词suggestsuggeststh.suggestdoingsth.suggest(that)sb.(should)dosth.adviseadvisesb.(not)todosth.advisedoingsth.名词suggestion可数名词advice不可数名词2、OntheirwaytoWaterCityRestaurant,AliceandHeWeipassbyUncleBob's在他们去水城餐馆的路上，艾丽斯和何伟路过鲍勃叔叔的餐馆。（教材P193a)(1)、onone'swayto…意为“在某人去……的路上”。◆Imetanoldclassmateofmineonmywaytowork.在去上班的路上，我遇到了一位老同学。拓展由way构成的其他短语顺便问/提一下______________在某种程度上______________迷路______________这样；通过这种方法______________妨碍；挡道______________(2)、UncleBob's相当于UncleBob'srestaurant。当名词所有格限定的是表示住宅、诊所、商店等的名词时，该名词通常省略。◆Heiscuttinghairatthebarber's(shop).他正在理发店理发。3、Forexample,"Wherearetherestrooms?"or“Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?"aresimilarrequestsfordirectionstoaplace.例如，“公共厕所在哪里？”和“你能告诉我公共厕所在哪里吗”是询问地点的类似请求。（教材P22）request是可数名词，意为要求，请求，其后常接“for+名词”，意为......要求/请求。◆Wemustmakearequestforhelp.我们必须请求帮助。拓展request用作及物动词，意为“要求,请求”，常见用法如下：①requestsbtodosth意为“请求某人干某事”◆__________________________________________他们要求他立刻离开。4、Thatisbecauseitisaverydirectquestion.那是的因为它是一个很直接的问题。（教材P222b)(l)、becauseitisaverydirectquestion此处作后is的表语，是表语从句。◆Thequestionishowhedidit.问题是他是如何做此事的。◆ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.问题是我把他的地址丢了。(2)、direct此处用作形容词，意为“直接的；直率的”，其反义词为indirect.意为“间接的”，副词为directly,意为“直接地”。◆You'llhavetogetusedtohisdirectmanner.你得慢慢习惯他这种直率的方式。拓展direct用作及物动词，意为“指导；导演；指路”。其名词形式为direction5、Sometimesweevenneedtospendtimeleadingintoarequest.有时，我们甚至需要花些时间来导入一个请求。（教材P22)leadinto意为“引入；导入”。其中in为副词，to为介词，其后接名词或代词作宾语。◆Weoftenuse“excuseme'"toleadintoarequest.我们常用“excuseme”来导入一个请求。拓展leadto意为“导致；通向”◆Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadtoillness.过量的工作和过少的休息经常引起疾病。◆____________________________条条大道通罗马。Unit4Iusedtobeafraidofdark.课文回顾SectionA2dRoleplaytheconversation.Alfred:

This

party

is

such

a

great

idea!

Gina:

Iagree.

It’s

been

three

years

since

we

last

_____(see)our

primary

school

classmates.

Alfred:

It’s

_________(interest)to

see

how

people

have

changed.

Gina:

Billy

havechanged

so

much!

He

used

to

be

so

shy

and

quiet.

Alfred:

Yeah,

his

face

always

________(turn)red

when

he

talked_______girls!

Gina:

I

used

to

see

him

reading

in

the

library

every

day.

Alfred:That’s

_________

he

was

a

really

good

student.

He

studied

hard

and

got

good

scores

on

his

exams.

Gina:

Did

he

use

________(wear)

glasses?

Alfred:

Yes,

and

he

used

to

be

thin,too.

Look

athow

big

and

strong

he

is

now!

Gina:

He’s

so

popular

now.

Look

at

all

the

girls

around

him!

Unit4SectionA3aFromShyGirltoPopStarForthismonth’sYoungWorldmagazine,Iinterviewed19yearoldAsianpopstarCandyWang.Candytoldmethatsheusedtobereallyshyandtookup__________(sing)todeal__________her__________(shy).Asshegot__________(good),shedared__________(sing)infrontofherclass,andthenforthewholeschool.Nowshe’snotshyanymoreandlovessinginginfrontofcrowds.IaskedCandyhowlifewasdifferentaftershebecame__________(fame).Sheexplainedthattherearemanygoodthings,likebeingabletotravelandmeetnewpeopleallthetime.“Ididn’tusetobepopularinschool,butnowIgettonsofattentioneverywhereIgo.”However,too__________(many)attentioncanalsobeabadthing.“Ialwayshavetoworry__________howIappeartoothersandIhavetobeverycarefulabout__________Isayordo.AndIdon’thavemuchprivatetimeanymore.__________(hang)outwithfriendsisalmost__________(possible)formenowbecausetherearealways_________(保安)aroundme.”WhatdoesCandyhavetosaytoallthoseyoungpeoplewhowanttobeefamous?“Well,”shebegins__________(slow),“youhavetobepreparedtogiveupyournormallife.Youcanneverimagine__________difficulttheroadtosuccessis.ManytimesIthoughtabouttogiveup,butI__________(fight)on.Youreally__________(需要）alotof__________（天赋，才能）andhardworktosucceed.Onlyaverysmallnumberofpeople__________ittothetop.Unit4SectionB2bHeStudiesHarderThanHeUsedtoLiWenisanormal15yearoldboyfromthecountryside.Heworksveryhardanddoeswellinschool.Itishardtobelievethatheusedtohavedifficulties__________school.Whenhewasalittleboy,heseldomcausedanyproblems,andhisfamilyspentalotoftimetogether.However,thingsbegantochangeafewyearsago.Hisparentsmovedtothecitytolookforthejobs,andhisgrandparentscametotakecareofhim.Buthemissedhisparentssomuchandheoftenfelt__________(alone)andunhappy.LiWen’sunhappinessbeganto__________(影响)hisschoolwork.Hebecameless__________(interest)instudying.Sometimeshewas__________(缺席)fromclasses,andfailedhisexaminations.Finally,hisparentsmadea__________(decide)tosendhimtoaboardingschool.However,LiWennolongerlivedwithhisgrandmother.Hestudied,ateandsleptattheschool,LiWenwasshyandwasnotabletomakefriends__________(quick)inschool.Hefoundlifetheredifficult.Onedayhetoldhisteacherhewantedtoleavetheschool.Histeacherwasworried__________himandshecalledhisparents.Sheadvisedthem__________(talk)withtheirson__________person.Sohisparentstooka24hourtrainanda5hourbusridetogettoLiWen’sschool.

Theyhadalongtalk.“Itwas__________(exact)whatIneeded,”hesaid.“NowIunderstandthateventhoughtheyarebusy,theyarealwaysthinkingofme.Theytakepride__________everythinggoodthatIdo.”Afterthat,LiWen’sparentshadmuchmoremunicationwiththeirsonthantheyusedto.NowLiWenhasreallychanged.Hehasbeemoreoutgoingandmadesomegoodfriendsinschool.Hehasevenjoinedtheschoolbasketballteamandbeeactiveinmanyother__________(activity).“I’mmuch__________(happy)now,andIworkevenharderthanIusedto.Iknowmyparentslovemeandthey’realwaysproudofme,”saysLiWen.“It’sveryimportantforparentstobetherefortheirchildren.”重点句子讲解1、It’sbeenthreeyearssincewelastsawourprimaryschoolclassmates.自从最近一次见过我们小学同学已经三年了。(P26)（1）、“It

has

been

+

一段时间

+

since从句”结构，意为“自从做……以来已经多久了”。这时从句谓语动词为非延续性动词。◆It’sbeen

two

years

since

he

joined

the

army.

他参军两年了。拓展last其他用法：用作动词，意为“持续”。◆Thehotweather

willlastuntilSeptember.炎热的天气将持续到九月。用作形容词，意为“上一个；最近的；最后的”。◆Muchhaschangedsincemylastvisit.自我上次来访后，变化很大。2、Candytoldmethatsheusedtobereallyshyandtookupsingingtodealwithhershyness.坎迪告诉我，她过去真的很害羞，开始学唱歌去对付害羞。（P27）（1）、takeup是由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语，意为“开始从事”。◆Attheageofsixtyhetookuppaintingpictures.在60岁时他开始学画画。拓展takeup的其他用法：占（时间、地方等），消耗。◆LearningEnglishtakesupalotofmytime.学英语占了我许多时间。、dealwith意为“对付；应付；处理；对待”。◆Youshoulddealwithhimmorepolitely.你应该待他更客气一些。拓展dowith与dealwith都可作“处理”讲。dowith常与连接代词what连用，而dealwith常与连接副词how连用。◆

Idon’tknowhowtheydealwiththeproblem.

=Idon’tknowwhattheydowiththeproblem.

我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。3.Youreallyrequirealotoftalentandhardworktosucceed.想要成功，你真的需要许多才艺和辛勤的工作。（P27）require用作及物动词，意为“需要；需求”。常用结构：①、require+名词或代词。◆Hersuggestion

requires

carefulthought.她的建议需要慎重考虑。②、require+动名词。◆Yourhair

requires

cutting.你的头发需要剪了。require+不定式。这时主语通常是事物，不是人，不定式用被动式。◆Thebaby

required

tobelookedafter.这婴儿得有人照料。requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事。◆They

required

metokeepsilent.他们吩咐我别出声。4、Itishardtobelievethatheusedtobea“problemchild”untilaconversationwithhisparentsinfluencedhiswayofthinking.直到和父母的一次交谈影响了他的思考方式，很难相信他过去是个“问题儿童”。（P30）(1)、Itishardtobelievethat.是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。主句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。◆Itishardtobelievethattheyfinishedsomuchworkduringsuchashorttime.在这么短的一段时间内他们完成了如此多的工作，这令人难以相信。(2)、influence此处用作动词，意为“影响；感染；对……起作用”◆Histeacher'swordsinfluencedhimforallhislife.老师的话影响了他的一生。拓展influence用作名词，意为“影响”。常用短语有：①、have(an)influenceon….意为“对……有影响”。◆______________________________________________________老师对学生有很大的影响。5、Asasmallchild,heseldomgavehisparentsanyproblems,andtheywereproudofhim.当他是个小孩时，他很少给父母惹麻烦，父母以他为荣。（教材P302b)(l)、seldom作副词，意为“不常；很少”，相当于hardlyever,其反义词为often(经常)，通常置于实义动词之前，助动词、系动词或情态动词之后。◆Sheseldomgoesoutbyherself.她很少独自外出。、beproudof意为“为……骄傲；为……感到自豪”，of后可接名词或动名词，和takepridein同义。◆__________________________________________我的家里人很为我骄傲。

6、Hewasoftenabsentfromclasses,andhefailedhisexaminations.他经常逃课并且考试不及格。（教材P302b)(l)、beabsentfrom…意为“缺席……”。此处absent用作形容词，意为“缺席；不在”。◆Agoodstudentwouldnotbeabsentfromclasses..好学生是不会逃课的。拓展absent用作动词，意为“缺席；不参加”，名词是absence，反义词是present出席的，在场的。◆Heabsentedhimselffromthemeetingyesterday..他昨天没有出席会议。(2)、fail此处用作及物动词，意为“不及格；失败”；fail后可跟不定式，即failtodosth.意为“未能/没能做某事”，而不是“做某事失败”◆__________________________________________我未能通过驾照考试。7、Theheadteacheradvisedhisparentstotalkwiththeirsoninperson.校长建议他父母亲自和他们的儿子谈谈。（教材P302b)advise的常用句式：①、advisedoingsth.意为“建议做某事”。◆Headvisedleavingearly.他建议早点动身。②、advisesb.todosth.意为“建议某人做某事”。◆__________________________________________.医生建议我彻底休息一下。(2)、inperson意为“亲身；亲自”◆Youshouldehereinpersontomorrow.明天你应该亲自来这儿。8、Toeveryone’ssurprise,thisconversationchangedLiWen’slife.使大家惊奇的是，这次谈话改变了李文的一生。（P30）拓展①、“toone's＋情感名词”的结构还有：toone'sjoy、toone'sregret、toone'sshame、toone'sdisappointment等。◆Tomydeepregret,Ilostthechancetogoabroad.令我遗憾的是我失去了出国的机会。②、含名词surprise的短语：insurprise意为“惊奇地；吃惊地”。◆Johnturnedaroundandlookedatmeinsurprise.约翰转过身来，惊奇地望着我。③、surprise还可用作动词，意为“使吃惊；使惊喜”。◆Putthepresentsoutofsightsowecan

surprise

her.把礼物藏起来,我们给她个惊喜。surprise的形容词形式有______________(吃惊的；惊奇的)和______________(令人惊奇的)。常用短语：______________t对……感到惊奇。课堂练习一.单句填空Heislookingforwardto（visityounextweek.Thecityhasallthefortable（convenient）Noproblem.Youdon’tneed___________(rush).Roserequestedhersister(notplay)withthedog.Myteacheralwaysgivesmesomeuseful(suggest).WeknowLincolnisnotonlyapresidentbutalsoagreat(speak).Thehousesinthe(center)partofthecityareveryexpensive.Isthe(Italy)restaurantnearbyopenonMondays?Weshouldbecarefulwhen(cross)thestreet.Summervacation________(normal)startsinearlyJuly.Youarereally(polite)toaskherageinpublic.Itseemsthat(say)ismucheasierthan(do).Alibraryisagoodplaceforthekids(open)theireyes.Couldyoupleasetellmehow(get)tothepostoffice?Thesickmanspendsabouthalfanhour(swim)everyafternoon.It'simportant(learn)howtousetherightlanguagesindifferentsituations.You’dbettervisitthezooduringthenightbecausethezoois(crowded)then.InAmerica,ifyouwanttovisityourfriend,you’dbettergettherealittle(early).完成句子学会在不同的场合运用适当的语言很重要。It'simportanttolearnhowtousesuitablelanguage.好的成绩取决于你在功课上是否努力学习。Goodgradeswhetheryouarehardworkingatyourlessons.沿着中心大道走，在第二个十字路口左拐。WalktheCenterStreetandatthesecondcrossing.似乎有一个摇滚乐队每天晚上在那里演奏。thatarockbandplaysthereeveryevening.她已经足够大了，可以自主做决定。Sheisoldherowndecision.我们明天有空，所以我建议去乡下看望爷爷奶奶。Wewillbefreetomorrow,soIthecountrysidetoseegrandparents.老师告诉这个男孩不要在玩游戏上花费太多时间。Theteachertoldtheboynottotoomuchtimegames.如果你有困难，请向你的老师求助。Ifyouhaveanydifficulties,pleaseyourteacherhelp.第一个表达听起来比第二个有礼貌的多。Thefirstexpressionmuchthanthesecondone.你能够告诉我如何到达书店吗?Couldyoupleasetellmethebookstore?句子翻译你不需要仓促。_____________________________________________________________________________那是的因为它是一个很直接的问题。_____________________________________________________________________________有时，我们甚至需要花些时间来导入一个请求。_____________________________________________________________________________你可以告诉我洗手间在哪里吗？_____________________________________________________________________________当你参观一个外国国家的时候，知道如何礼貌地寻求帮助是重要的。_____________________________________________________________________________两者都是对的，但是第一个听起来更加没有那么礼貌。_____________________________________________________________________________好的发言者会在不同情况下改变他们说话的方式。_____________________________________________________________________________课后练习单句语法填空Maryisa________(缺席的)fromclasstodaybecausesheisinhospital.Parentstakep__________(自豪)intheirchildren’sprogressatschool.Thestudyshowschildren’sactioncanbe______(影响)bytheirparents’behaviour(行为).ZhuJunhadan_______(采访)withthefamousscientistlastweek.Ithinkyoushouldtalkwithyourson__________.(亲自)Some_______(Asia)cametothisinternationalschoollastFriday._______(Britain)EnglishisdifferentfromAmericanEnglishinsomeways.Theactorisvery_______(humor)andhealwaysmakesuslaugh.Studentsarerequired_______(learn)Englishwell.Youshouldtrytogetoveryour_______(shy).Hereadthe_______(introduce)carefullyandtriedtodoastheysaid.Hedidn’tdare_______(speak)infrontofthepeople.Mr.Zhangwentto_______(African)onbusinesslastweek.Katehopestovisit_______(Europe)countries.Allthepeopledidn’tsayanythingandtheykept_______(silence)allthetime.句子翻译自从最近一次见过我们小学同学已经三年了。_________________________________________________________________和朋友闲逛对我来说几乎不可能因为在我周围总是有保安。_________________________________________________________________她过去真的很害羞，开始学唱歌去对付害羞。_________________________________________________________________校长建议他父母亲自和他们的儿子谈谈。_________________________________________________________________想要成功，你真的需要许多才艺和辛勤的工作。_________________________________________________________________他经常逃课并且考试不及格。_________________________________________________________________语法：动词7大时态和被动语态英语动词的五种基本形式动词原形、第三人称单数(现在时)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。现在分词1.一般在动词原形后直加inggosleepleavehavemaketakebeginswimstoplietiedie2.以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加ing3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母再加ing4.少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y,再加ing时态的分类初中阶段要求掌握的时态有六种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时现在进行时、过去进行时现在完成时理解：过去完成时（过去将来时）一般现在时的用法、时间状语用法例句1.表示经常性、习惯性的动作He_____________________________helpothers.他总是乐于助人。2.表示主语所具有的特征、性格、能力或存在的状态，通常不带时间状语She____________________(能）playthepianaoverywell.3.表示客观真理、科学事实、格言等Timeandtide____________noman.岁月不等人。4.表示按时间表、规定安排或计划将要发生的动作Thetrain_______at7:30am.火车将于早上7点30发车。[注意]5.在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来的动作，即主将从现Ifit________(不下雨）we’llgoonpicnicasplanned.I’llcallyouassoonasI____________(抵达)Shanghai.常与一般现在时连用的时间状语:______________________________________________________________。一般过去时的用法、时间状语用法例句1.表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态Who___you____atthemeetingthismorning?今天晨会上你看见谁了?2.表示过去经常或反复发生的事。Healwayshaddinnerat7:00in2001.3.特别注意：usedto+动词原形，表过去习惯性的动作而现在已经不发生了I__________________ateighto'clockinthesummerholiday.过去我署假常常八点起床。4.常与一般过去时连用的状语:_______________________________________________________________一般将来时;一般将来时的构成一般将来时的用法用法条件例句"will/shall+动词原形”表示将来Therewillbe表示将要发生的动作、情况或状态IwillgotoHainanforholiday.我将要去海南度假。"begoingto+动词原形”表示将来表示现在的意图，即打算在最近或将来做的某事，主语一般是人Sheisgoingtobuyacarforhermother.她准备给母亲买辆车。表示现在已有迹象表明即将发生某事，主语通常是物It'sgoingtorain.要下雨了。现在进行时表示将来某些位置移动的词如go,e,leave,arrive等常用现在进行时表示将来，通常表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作Thebusising.汽车来了。*betodo表示将来表示已计划或安排好的动作或状态SheistocallmeonSunday.她将在周日给我打。*beabouttodo表示将来表示马上就要发生的事，不强调主观，一般不与具体的时间状语连用Thetrainisabouttoleave·火车马上就出发了。【知识拓展】常与一般将来时连用的时间状语：____________________________________________________________________。【易错警示】begoingto和will的区别：begoingto既可指主观打算也可指客观迹象表明将要发生；will往往指没有经过计划，临时出现的意图，常伴有说话者的主观意思或将来必然要发生的事情。例如：Itisgoingtosnow.要下雨了。(根据客观迹象判断)4.现在进行时（1）现在进行时的构成:am/is/are+现在分词（2）现在进行时的用法用法+常连用的时间状语）例句表示此时此刻正在发生的事或进行的动作（now，Look，Listen,atthismoment）Listen！Themother_______(读）astorytoheryoungchildren.表示当前一段时间内正在发生的动作（thisweek，thesedays，atpresent）Linda________________anewbookthesedays.琳达这几天写一本新书。Tom_______________atauniversityatpresent·汤姆目前在一所大学工作。【注意】表示位置移动的某些动词(arrive,e,go,leave,depart离开,等)用现在进行时可以表示将要发生的、计划或安排好的事情We________________________Africatomorrow.（动身去非洲）。Whereareyougoing?Totheshop.Supperisread!I’ming!5.过去进行时（1）过去进行时的谓语构成was/were+动词的现在分词（ving）（2）过去进行时的用法用法例句表示过去某个时刻或某时间段正在进行的动作I________________(观看）afootballmatchfrom9to11lastnightBob________________(睡觉）whenthetelephonerang.常与过去进行时连用的状语:atthattime在那时;整个上午;atnineyesterdaymorning昨天上午9点;atthistimeyesterday昨天这时候。When/while引导的时间状语从句【注意】主句（过去进行时态）+When引导的一般过去时的时间状语从句，She________________（购物）whenI________（打）her主句（过去进行时态、一般过去时态)+while引导的过去进行时的时间状语从句AnaccidenthappenedwhileI________________alongthestreet（沿着街道走）Lily________________forthetest(复习）whileherbrother________________TV（看电视）.6.现在完成时一.现在完成时的结构：have/has助动词+done过去分词过去分词的规则变化和不规则变化1.过去分词的规则变化和过去式一致：eq\o\ac(○,1)一般情况下，在动词后直接加–ed：jump–jumpedeq\o\ac(○,2)以不发音的e结尾时直接加–d：bake–bakedeq\o\ac(○,3)以辅音加y结尾时去y变i加–ed：empty–emptied2.不规则动词的过去分词（本册中出现的词）：参考不规则动词表，后面要求默写AAA_______________________________________________________________ABB:_______________________________________________________________ABC:_______________________________________________________________现在完成时的用法1.强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与already,yet,ever,never,just,before,sofar连用.Haveyouhadyourbreakfastyet?Yes,Ihave.Ihavelostmypen.我把钢笔弄丢了。(过去某个时间丢的，强调现在还没有找到）表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态，(这个动作或状态也许还会持续下去)常与for+时间段或since+（过去时间点）或since+从句（一般过去时）Greatchanges______________placeinChangshainthelasttenyears,练习1：选用for和since填空Wehaven’tseeneachother____________alongtime.Hisfatherhasbeeninthefactory__________10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon___________20minutes.4.Mr.Greenhasworkedhere_______________hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead__________severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_________________wemetlasttime.三.常与现在完成时连用的状语：before以前，ever曾经；just刚刚；never从不，从来没有；recently近来，最近；since自从;already，yet已经；inthe1ast/pastfew/years/weeks在过去的几年/周里；manytimes许多次；sofar到目前为止；uptonow，tillnow到现在为止。例如Uptonow,theprogramhassavedthousandsofchildren.到目前为止，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的孩子。Hisfirstnovelhasreceivedgoodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.他的第一部小说自上个月出版以来得到很好地评价。四.区别：have/hasbeento曾经去过某地（人已回）have/hasgoneto去了某地（人不在此地）have/hasbeenin一直在某地（接副词there/here/home...省略to)She___________Japantwice.她去过日本两次。Where’syourfather?He___________Beijingonbusiness.五，短暂性动词与延续性动词:（1）短暂性动词：常用的词有begin；close；finish；lend借给；marry结婚，嫁；open打开等。短暂性动词不能与表示一段时间的for,since或howlong等状语连用。(2)廷续性动词:指动作发生后还可以延续一段时间。常用的词有:have有;live居住，生活;rain下雨;sleep睡觉;study学习;wait等候;work工作等。延续性动词可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。例如:IhavealreadywaitedforTomfortwohours.我已经等汤姆两个小时了。（3）常用的非延续性动词和延续性动词的转化:buyhave;borrowkeep;diebedead;marrybemarried;openbeopen（开放的）closebeclosed(关闭的）leavebeaway;joinbeamemberof/bein;start/beginbeongetto/reach/arrivein/arriveatbein.他死了四年了Hehavediedforfouryears(错！die为短暂性动词，不能接时间段)更改：Hehasbeendeadforfouryearsold.或Hediedfouryearsago.我买这自行车2年了：Ihaveboughtthisbikefortwoyears改错：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________六、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时和一般过去时都表示动作发生在过去。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作对现在造成的结果或影响等；而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时间发生，不强调和现在的关系。请比较下面两个句子的不同：Isawthisfilmyesterday.Ihaveseenthisfilm.思考：哪种时态常和表示过去的时间状语连用？如yesterday,lastnight,threeweeksago,in1990等。7.过去完成时（1.）过去完成时的谓语构成had+过去分词（2）过去完成时的用法用法例句表示到过去某一时刻或动作之前，已经完成了的动作，含有“过去的过去”之意。Bytheendoflasttern，hehadalreadylearned20newsongs.常与过去完成时连用的状语：:before/by/bythetimeof/bytheendof+过去时间在....之前。时态的中考考点根据近5年中考真题分析可以看出，初中阶段需掌握六种基本时态。学生应掌握动词时态的判断技巧来解题，如①根据时间状语确定时态；②利用上下文语意判断句子的时态；③根据上下文已有的时态信息确定时态；④在复合句中根据时态呼应、特殊对策等确定时态；⑤固定句型与动词时态间的对应关系；【方法突破】1.根据时间状语确定时态根据时间状语判断时态在中考中主要体现在单项选择和词语填空题型中。①now，atpresent，atthemoment，thesedays，look，listen等标志着：_______________；②justnow，…ago，in1980，thismorning，yesterday，theotherday，usedto，lastnight/week/month/year…(last系列)等标志着:____________；③at1：00lastnight，atthatmoment，thistimeyesterday等标志着:_____；④tomorrow，fromnowon，soon，inthefuture，nextweek/month/year…(next系列)等标志着:_________；⑤yet，just，before，recently，once，already，lately，ever，never，since1996，fortenyears等标志着:______________；1)Mybrother________（change）alotsincehestartedjuniorhighschool.2.利用上下文语意判断句子的时态如果一个英语句子中既没有出现时间状语，根据语意来判断这个句子该用何种时态。1)Bequiet!Theotherstudents_______（sleep）2）Excuseme.LookatthesignNOPhotos!Sorry,I_____（see）it.3.根据上下文已有的时态信息确定时态有些试题虽然看起来没有时间状语提示词，也不是出现在复合句中，但是上下句的动作存在着明显的时间顺序差距，因此可根据上下文已有的时态来判断本句所要选用的时态。4.在复合句中根据时态呼应确定时态主从复合句中谓语动词时态的一致主要有以下几种情况：①“主将从现”原则。如果主句是一般将来时，从句是由when，after，before，not…until，assoonas等引导的时间状语从句以及由if，unless引导的条件状语从句中，谓语动词应用一般现在时表示将来时间。1)Henrywillgiveusareportassoonashe______（arrive）.②“时态一致”原则。在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词须用相应的某种过去时态。1)Ididn'tunderstand________，soIraisedmyhandtoask.A.whatmyteachersaysB.whatdoesmyteachersayC.whatmyteachersaid2）Theteachertoldusthatlight________（travel）fasterthansound.③在主从复合句中，如果主句和从句的谓语动词表示的两个动作都发生在过去，而且有明显的先后顺序，那么，延续性动词用过去进行时，短暂性动词用一般过去时。通常在when和while引导的时间状语从句中出现。⑤在含有“since从句”的主从复合句中，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。另外，在“It's＋一段时间＋since＋从句”句式中，since后面的从句一般用一般过去时。1）Rick________(learn)alotaboutChineseculturesincehecametoChina.5.固定句型与动词时态间的对应关系①在“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型中，陈述句中用will表示一般将来时。1）Keeppracticingandyou________(improve)yourEnglish.②在This/That/Itisthefirsttimethat…句型中用现在完成时。有时以上结构中的first也可换成second，third，fourth等；其中的time也可换成其他名词。1）Doyouknowourtownatall?—No，thisisthefirsttimeI________here.was B.havebeen 被动语态具体结构见下表：现在时态一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时现在完成时谓语动词构成amis+doneareamis+being+donearewill+be+p.p.amis+goingtobe+done.arehave(has)+been+done过去时态一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时情态动词谓语动词构成was+donewerewas+being+donewerehad+been+p.p.shouldbedone课堂练习单项选择。Paper,oneofthefourgreatestinventionsinancientChina,________byCaiLunabout2,000yearsago.A.wasinvented B.isinvented C.wereinvented D.areinvent Theteachertoldusthatlight_______fasterthansound.A.travelled B.hadtravelled C.istravelling D.travelsThere____someflowersontheteacher’sdeskjustnow,butnowthere____nothingonit.have;hasB.were;wasC.were;isD.has;hasHowdidtheaccidenthappen?Youknow,it_______difficulttose