专题2.解题技巧-细节理解题词义猜测题原卷版

解题技巧细节理解题、词义猜测题细节理解题1..细节理解题主要的设问方式①Whichofthefollowingistrue/nottrue?②Whichofthefollowingismentioned/notmentionedinthepassage?③Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothispassage?④Whichofthefollowingbestdescribes...?⑤Whichofthefollowingshows/givestherightrelationship/positionof...?⑥When/Where/Why/Who/What/How...?3.细节理解题的解题技巧所谓“事实细节”是指在阅读理解的短文中客观存在的事实。事实细节一般都可以在原文中找到。当然,有的试题还得对原文所提供的事实去伪存真,进行一定程度的比较,才能做出正确的选择。(1)搜寻直接答案的阅读技巧首先从问题入手,准确理解题目含义,先明确要查找什么具体信息,如:考查时间(when)还是考查原因(why),再带着具体问题阅读文章。如果所提问题是文章中现成的内容(即直接性答案),就可采用浏览式阅读,直接搜寻答案。例BeingabletospeakaforeignlanguageisoneofthemostusefulskillsIhaveeverlearned.Ithasallowedmetomeetnewpeopleandlearnsomuchaboutdifferentculturesandtraditions.Inthisway,ithashelpedmetoopenmyeyesandmymindtoeverythingthatisgoingonintheworld,ratherthanjustintheUK.Whereisthewriterfrom?A.China. B.Germany. C.France. D.TheUK.(2)搜寻间接答案的阅读技巧①读文章所给的问题,判断哪些题目可以依靠通读来解决。比如概括文章主题,给无标题文章选标题,指出作者的思想观点、意图等的题目就需要依靠通读来解决。②用较短的时间大体上浏览一下阅读材料,注意文章有可能涉及什么内容,属于什么体裁,以及文章的大体结构、重点分布等。③一般来说,文章第一段或前几句包含着作者的基本思想和下文的发展线索。认真阅读文章的第一段或前几句,抓住其中的重要信息,有助于把握全文发展的脉络。④利用段落的开头句和结尾句。据估计,英语中大部分阐述性文章段落的开头为主题句,表达出该段的主题思想。有时开头句主题思想不明确,这时主题思想在结尾句中则很可能提出。从段落的开头句和结尾句中常常能很快地找到段落的主题。⑤充分利用结尾段的作用。多数文章的结尾段具有特殊意义。作者一般在结尾段对前几段做总结,下结论,表达自己的观点和立场。结尾段(句)一般与开头段(句)相呼应,将文章的首段(句)和结尾段(句)联系起来,往往可以有效地把握全文的中心思想。中考真题(2023年湖北省武汉市)BBertwonanationalprizecalledYoungHeroesforhis“green”project.Thispublicspiritedyoungpersonwasnowauniversitystudent.Hisloveforinsectsgrewdeeperandhewasprotectingthemforthefuture.36.AfterBertwashonoredwithYoungHeroes,_________.A.heoftengavespeechesinpublicB.hesetuphis“green”projectC.hebecameinterestedinswallowtailsD.hewentonprotectinginsectsBertstartedazinniagardenathishouse,whereheraisedalargenumberofswallowtailsovertheyears.Withtheworld’sswallowtailpopulationfalling,Bertwantedpeopletorealizethatifinsectslikeswallowtailsdisappeared,sowouldalltheothersabovethemonthefoodchain.Tomakethefactclearandeasytounderstandforotherstudents,healsocreatedazinniagardenathisjuniorhighschool.39.ThemainreasonforBerttocreateazinniagardenatschoolwas_________.A.towatchstudentshavefunB.tomakehisschoolmorebeautifulC.tostopswallowtailsfromdisappearingD.tohelpkidslearnaboutswallowtails(2023年湖北省武汉市)CWhenthefamousscientistAlbertEinsteinwas16yearsold,heimaginedhimselfridingalongsideabeam(束)oflight.Heusedthispictureinmindtohelphimwhenworkingoutthe“theoryofrelativity(相对论)”.“Imaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge,”saidEinstein.Daydreaming,called“thoughtexperiments”byEinstein,canmakeyouhavewildimaginings,likeflyingaroundinspace.Itletsyourmindwalkslowlyaroundideas,memoriesandexperiencesthataren’thappeningrightnow.Itmeansthinkingaheadtoaholidayorrememberinghowmuchyouenjoyedabirthdayparty.AccordingtoChina’shealthauthorities(权威机构),daydreamingforawhileeachdaycanimproveyourhealthandcreativity.Disappearingintoadaydreamletsyourmindescapewhenthingsaredifficult.Ithelpsyoudealwithworriesandfears.Forexample,imagininghowyou’regoingtospeakupinclassislikepracticingthesceneinyourhead,whichcanmakeyoufeelcalmer.Daydreamingalsoinspirescreativityandletsyoufindnewworldswheretherearenolimits(限制)towhatyoucandoorwhoyouare.GuoQiang,anexpertinthoughtsandfeelings,thinksweshouldallmaketimetodaydream.“Thinkingforpleasurecanbeapowerfultooltoshapeourfeelings,”hesaid.However,trynottoletyourmindbeabsentwhenyouneedtofocus(聚焦)inclassorcrosstheroad.Instead,findatimewhenyoudon’thavetofocusonanything,likegoingforawalkorbrushingyourteeth.Guosuggestsyoucanstartbyfocusingonahappymemoryorimaginingafuturesuccess,likescoringagoalintheWorldCup.Toencouragecreativity,thinkaboutinterestingideasandseewhereyourmindtakesyou.Researchshowsthatpeopleofteneupwithmoresolutionstoproblemsafterthey’vetakenabreak.Sonexttimeyou’restuckwithhomework,stopforamomentandseewhereyourdaydreamstakeyou.42.Daydreamingcanmakepeople_________.A.flyaround B.walkslowly C.thinkfreely D.beabsentminded43.GuoQiangfirstsuggests_________.A.escapingfromthehardtime B.lookingfornewworldsC.findingtimetoimagine D.focusingonsuccess44.Whatismentionedinparagraph4?A.Thestepstodaydream.B.Thethingstodaydreamof.C.Thereasonsfordaydreaming.D.Themeaningsofdaydreaming.(2022年湖北省武汉市)CBoris,aforeignstudentatmunicationUniversityofChina,oftenshareshisexperiencesofChinesecultureonhisvlog(视频博客).41.Throughthevlogs,Borismainlywantsto________.A.teachforeignersChinese B.introduceaChineseuniversityC.sellChineseproducts D.sharehisexperiencesinChina词义猜测题1.词义猜测题主要的设问方式①What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword/phrase...inChinese?②Theunderlinedword...refersto/probablymeans...③Theunderlinedword...couldbereplacedby...④Whatisthemeaningof...⑤Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheword...?2.词义猜测题的解题技巧(1)通过因果关系猜测词义通过因果关系猜词,首先是找出生词所在部分与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词义。有时文章借助关联词(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,asaresult,ofcourse,therefore等)表示因果关系。例Youshouldn’thaveblamedhimforthat,foritwasn’thisfault.解析通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的词义是“责备”。(2)通过同义词和同义关系猜测词义在文章中,有时作者为避免重复,或为了表达同一事物的不同种类,使用同义词或近义词。在这种情况下,我们就可以利用同义词、近义词的关系由熟悉的词语推测不熟悉词语的含义。通过同义词猜词,一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组,如happyandgay,即使我们不认识gay这个词,也可以知道它是“愉快”的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词。例ManhasknownsomethingabouttheplanetsVenus,Mars,andJupiterwiththehelpofspaceships.解析此句中的Venus(金星),Mars(火星),Jupiter(木星)均为生词,但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于“行星”这一领域。(3)通过反义词和反义关系猜测词义有时作者为了说明相反的两件事或人,使用了一些反义词或表示反义关系的词语来进行对比,我们可以利用已知单词推测未知单词的词义。通过反义词猜词,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but,while,however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语。例Heissohomely,notatallashandsomeashisbrother.解析根据“notatallashandsome...”我们不难推测出homely是“不英俊,不漂亮”的意思。(4)通过构词法猜测词义在阅读文章时,我们总会遇上一些生词,有时很难根据上下文来推断其词义,而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用。此时,如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等构词法知识,这些问题便不难解决了。(5)通过定义或释义关系猜测词义定义或解释形式多样,常由is,thatis(tosay),inotherwords,call,mean,beconsideredtobe,referto,becalled,beknownas,define,represent等词汇或破折号来表示。作者为了更好地表达思想,在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等进行解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性,利用它们猜词义比较容易。如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义,理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。例Butsometimes,norainfallsforalong,longtime.Thenthereisadryperiod,ordrought.解析从drought所在的句子我们得知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的时期,即drought,由此可见drought的意思是“久旱,旱灾”。而adryperiod和drought是同义词。这种同义或释义关系常由is,or,thatis,inotherwords,becalled或破折号等来表示。(6)通过举例来猜测词义恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索。例Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconutsandsomeotherkindsoffruitgrowinwarmareas.解析pineapples和coconuts是生词,我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大概的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples,coconuts和bananas,oranges是同类关系,同属fruit类,因此它们是两样水果,准确地说,是菠萝和椰子。(7)通过描述猜测词义描述即作者为帮助读者更深刻更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的描写。例ThepenguinisakindofseabirdlivingintheSouthPole.Itisfatandwalksinafunnyway.Althoughitcannotfly,itcanswimintheicywatertocatchthefish.解析从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类,即企鹅。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。(8)根据上下文猜测词义①有些单词并不能直接猜测出其词义,但可以根据上下文的提示猜测出其词义。例OneofthethingsIalwaysbelieveisthatnomatterhowbadsomethingis,youcantakesomethingpositiveoutofit.

Itwasn’tuntilafewweeksafterSeptember11thatIbegantoseethatperhapssomegooddidefromthistragedy.Theword“positive”inthepassageprobablymeans.

A.terrible B.bad C.good D.real解析根据上文“我一直认为不管世间的事物有多么糟,你还是能发现它积极的一面。”因此答案是C。②在句子或段落中,若事物、现象之间构成因果关系,我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推知生词词义。例Ifhethinkshecaninvitemeout,heisallwet.Idon’tliketobewithhim.

Theunderlinedphrase“allwet”means.

A.drunk B.sweating C.happy D.wrong解析根据下文“我不喜欢跟他在一起”可知,他如果认为能约我出去,那就“错了”。因此D是正确答案。(9)根据生活常识猜测词义有时,我们利用自己的生活常识,便可知道生词的含义。例Adeafanddumbguywentintoahardwarestoretoaskforsomenails.

解析从句子意思可知他想买钉子,那么卖钉子的商店无疑是五金店。(10)利用单词的发音进行推测英语中有些单词来自汉语,与汉语的发音有些相似,另外也有一些单词译成汉语时采用音译,如:sofa(沙发),coffee(咖啡),typhoon(台风),aspirin(阿司匹林),nylon(尼龙)等。因此,利用单词的发音也是一种猜测的手段。例TheOlympicGamesbeganinthe5thcenturyBC.

OnedayitwasrevealedthatMrsMorelhadcancerandwasbeyondanyhelpexceptthatofmorphine.

解析上面这两个句子中画线的两个词,只要我们能准确发音,就能知道它们的意思分别是“奥林匹克”和“吗啡”。中考真题(2023年湖北省武汉市)BWhenhewasaround4or5,healwayslovedtowatchdifferentinsects,especiallybeautifulswallowtails(凤蝶).Oneinterestingfacthelearnedaboutswallowtailswasthattheirbrightcolorswarnedhungryanimalsthattheytastedbad.Anditwasalsofuntowatchhowtheycameintobeing.Butthereasonhereallyfellinlovewiththemwasthattheywereveryaccessible.Forexample,ifyouwantedtoattract(吸引)swallowtails,youplantedsomezinnias,akindofbrightflowers.38.Theunderlinedword“accessible”inparagraph2means“_________”.A.dangeroustofeed B.easytogetclosetoC.hardtoraise D.safetoreach(2022年湖北省武汉市)BOncemyteacher,MissMills,hadgivenmealistoftenspellingwords.MymotherandIwentoverthelistuntilIknewthosewords.Ifeltgreat.Ithought,“Wow!Thistime,I’mgoingtopass.”Thenextday,Iwentintotheclassroomandbegantowritedownthewords.Thefirstwordwascarper.Iwrotethatonedown:carpet.Iwasfeelingprettyconfident.ThencameneighborIwrotedownthelettern.ThenrhythmIknewtherewasanr.SuburbanIwrotesub.Myconfidencefailedme.Ihadgonefrom100percenttomaybeaDminus.Wheredidthewordsgo?Somepeopletalkaboutinformationslidingoffyourbrain.Thatwasmylife.Iwasanunderachiever(未能充分发挥学习潜力者).38.Theunderlinedphrase“slidingoff”inParagraph3probablymeans________.A.inginto B.goingthroughC.movingaround D.disappearingfrom(2021湖北省武汉市)BThankthosegoodmenwhohavedevotedthemselvestothedevelopmentofourcountryside.Nowadays,peopleworkhardtoliveinabigcity.However,weshouldnotforgetourhometownswherewearefrom.39.Theunderlinedphrasedevotedthemselvestoisclosestinmeaningto________.A.preparedmuchfor B.donatedmoneytoC.drawnpublicattentionto D.putmucheffortinto(2021湖北省武汉市)CWuMengchao,the“FatherofChineseHepatobiliarySurgery(肝胆外科)”,focusedonsavingpeople’slivesfornearlyeightyyears.Heperformedmorethan16,000operationsduringhislife.Holdingthesurgeon’sknifeforsuchalongtimedeformedhisfingers.Wuoncesaid,“ItwouldmygreatesthappinessifIcouldworkattheoperatingtableuntilmydyingday.”42.Theunderlinedphrasedeformedhisfingerscouldbereplacedby________.A.changedtheshapeofhisfingers B.madehimfeeldownC.gavehimtoomuchpressure D.gothisfingerscutoff综合练习一2023年湖北省鄂州市B(LiFangisthefirstprizewinneroftheThirdEnglishSpeechContestforJuniorHighStudents.AjournalistoftheChinaStudents’Postisinterviewingher.)Journalist:Congratulationsonyoursuccess!LiFang:Thanks.It’sreallyagreathonorforme.Journalist:Pleasetelluswhatyou’vedonetodevelopyourEnglishskills.LiFang:Well,mywayistokeeppracticing.Youknowpracticemakesperfect.It’sveryimportanttotakeeveryopportunitytopracticespeakingEnglishinandoutofclass.Journalist:IguessyoukeepanEnglishdiary,don’tyou?LiFang:Yes,Ido.Ikeepitinordertodevelopmywritingskills.Journalist:Howdoyouimproveyourlisteningandreadingskills?LiFang:IoftenlistentoEnglishbroadcastsandwatchEnglishTVprogramsinmysparetime.AndIliketoreadEnglishstoriesandnewspapers.IreadeithertheChinaStudents’Postorthe21stCenturybeforeIgotobed.Journalist:You’reaverygoodlanguagelearnerindeed.Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup,LiFang?LiFang:MydreamiseithertobeadiplomatortobeateacherofEnglish.Journalist:Goodforyou!Ihopeyourdreamwilletrue.Nicetalkingtoyou.LiFang:Thankyou,andIenjoyedtalkingtoyou,too.29.LiFangwonthe________prizeintheThirdEnglishSpeechContest.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth30.LiFangimprovesherwritingskillsby________.A.practicingspeakingEnglish B.listeningtoEnglishbroadcastsC.keepinganEnglishdiary D.readingtheChinaStudents’Post31.LiFang________inhersparetime.A.listenstoEnglishbroadcasts B.writesEnglishstoriesC.watchesEnglishmovies D.watchesChineseTVprograms32.LiFangwantstobe________.A.ajournalist B.alanguagelearner C.abroadcasthost D.anEnglishteacher2023年湖北省荆州市CAsanartist,PeiHaozhengiswellknownforpaperfolding.Inhiseyes,apieceofpaperholdsgreatpossibilities.Hecanfolditintoanything.Heusedhisskillsinhiswork,Deerwith100Flowers(花生满鹿).It’sadeerwith100flowersonitsantlers(鹿角).Withoutcutsorglue,heusedapieceofpaperwithsidelengths(长度)of2.22meterstofinishthewholework.Asfortheideaforthework,PeisaiditcamefromaChinesesaying.ItnotonlyshowsthewishesforChineseyoungpeopletohaveabrightfuture,butalsothedeeploveforourcountry.Asachild,Peilearnedfoldingfromteachersandparents,andlaterhecopiedthepatternsfrombooks.Gradually,hewasdrawnintothepaperworld.ForPei,foldingisanartthatneedsmanyskills.Forexample,itneedsknowledgeofmathtomakesureeverythingisintherightplace,suchasthedifferentangles(角度)andthelengthsofthecreases(折痕).However,Peithinksartisticbeautyandexactfoldingarebothimportant.Goingtoofarwitheitherwon’tmakegoodwork.Asanartist,PeiwantstotelltheChinesestorythroughpaper.“Forme,paperfoldingisnotjustaspecialskill,butanartthatcanpasscultureandlastforever,”saidPei.28.WhatdoweknowaboutPeiHaozheng’swork,Deerwith100Flowers?A.Heusedglueandscissorstofinishit.B.Heused100flowerstomakeadeerwithhisparents.CItshowsgoodwishesforChineseyoungpeopleandthecountry.D.Itismadeofsomepiecesofpaperwiththelengthsof2.22meters.29.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Howtolearnmathwell. B.Howtobeacreativeartist.C.Whatislessimportantforfolding. D.Whatskillsareneededforhiswork.30.WhatdidPeiHaozhengsayaboutpaperfolding?A.HeusedittospreadChineseculture.B.Ithelpedmuchtolearnitearlier.C.Hewantedtoteachpeopletheskills.D.Itmadehimfamousallovertheworld.31.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.ToexplainwhyPei’sworkissopopular.B.TointroduceaChineseartistPeiHaozheng.C.Todescribethedevelopmentofpaperfolding.D.Toexpressthewriter’sloveforChinesetradition.2023年湖北省十堰市Ihavean11yearoldsonnamedPeter.Iknewthatplayingsportswouldbegoodtoourson.Hewouldgetsomeexercise,learnaboutteamworkandlearnsomephysicalskills.Wecontinuallyencouragedhimtohaveatry,butafterawhileitwasclearthathedidn’tliketeamsports,andtherewasnothingwecoulddotochangeit.Wedecidednottopushhimtotakepartinsports,eventhoughmostofhisfriendsdidsports.Astimewentby,wegraduallyrealizedthatwehadmadetherightdecision.Don’tmisunderstand(误解)me.Ihavenothingagainstsports.Nowmysonisn’tinterestedinsports,butI’mnotpushinghimtodosports.Herearethereasons:IwanthimtoknowIaccepthimunconditionally.Idon’tevenwantPetertofeelthatIwilllovehimonlyifhebehavesinacertainwayortakespartinsomeactivities.Whetherhesucceedsorfails,hewillalwaysbemyson,andthatwillneverchange.Iwanthimtoformhisownpath(道路)inlife.Hispathdoesn’thavetobethesameasmine.Infact,webothhavesimilarinterestsinseveralareaslikemusic,putersandStarWars,butwe’realsodifferentinmanyways.Peterneedstobefreetogohisownpath.IwanthimtoknowthatIdon’tjudge(判断)myworthbyhisachievements.Everyfatherwillfeelproudofhissonifhecanmakegreatachievements.Somostparentsalwayspushthemsohard.Sometimeswehaveseenourselvesindirectlythroughourownsons.Theirachievementsremindusofourwonderfuldaysinthepast.Wemustmakesurewedon’twanttomakeupfor(弥补)ourownregretsbypushingoursonstoclimbhigherandgofurtherthanwedid.31Theadvantagesofdoingsportsdon’tinclude________.A.gettingsomeexercise B.gettingsomeexamskillsC.learningaboutteamwork D.learningsomephysicalskills32.Whatwasthewriter’sfinaldecision?A.Oursonmustmasterakindofsport.B.Heshoulddothesamethingashisfriends.C.Wedidn’tpushhimtodosportshedisliked.D.Wewouldpushhimtofindwhathewasgoodat.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unconditionally”mean?A.慎重地 B.无条件地 C.不耐烦地 D.犹豫地34.Howmanyreasonsdoesthefathergivefornotpushinghissontotakepartinsports?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.35.Whichsentencecanbestdescribethefatherinthispassage?A.Heisawiseandopenmindedfather.B.Hedoesn’tcareabouthisson’sfuture.C.Heisbraveandknowswhentogiveup.D.Heisrichenoughtosupportthewholefamily.2023年湖北省孝感市（2）Aphotoofaboycarryinghistennisracketsinabamboobasketbeespopularonline.Theboy,WangFa,14,isamemberoftheVa(佤族)fromYunnan.Afterhewontheunder14title(十四岁以下男单冠军）attheASICSTennisJuniorTourinGuangzhou,anaudience(观众)fromYunnangavehimthebamboobasketasagiftandthephotowastaken.“Wealwayscarrybamboobasketswhenweworkinthefield.Thisisatypical(有代表性的）farmingtooloftheVa.Icarriedmyracketsinthisbaskettohonormyhometown.”Wangsaid.Beforeplayingtennis,Wangwasjustavillageboy.Butin2016,hewaschosenbyalocalclubasaprofessionaltennisplayer.“Iwasnervousatthebeginningbecausetheoutsideworldwassodifferentfrommyhome.Tennishashelpedmemakemorefriendsandgetabettereducation.”hesaid.Overthepastsixyears,WanghastrainedhardtoimprovehisskillsattheYunnanWildElephantsTennisClub.Hewouldgetupat6:30a.m.andpracticeformorethansixhoursaday.Heneededtoswingaracket(挥拍)morethan7,000timesandrun9kilometerseveryday.“Ifitwerenotfortennis,Iwouldstillbehelpingmyfamilywithfarmworkathome.”Wangsaid.Wang’sparentsdidn’twanthimtolearntennisatfirstbecausetheycouldn’taffordit.Luckily,thetennisclubofferedtoteachhimforfree.ForWang,winningtheASICSTennisJuniorTourtitlewasthebeginningofthefuturewithhope,“Iwilltrymybesttogettothetopontheprofessionalstage.”hesaid.30.WhatdidWangFagetfromanaudiencefromYunnan?A.Tennisrackets. B.Thefirstprize.C.Aphoto. D.Abamboobasket.31.Theunderlinedword“honor”inParagraph3issimilarto“________”A.showloveto B.makeapromisetoC.dependon D.playapartin32.What’sthemainideaofParagraph5?A.Wang’sgreatsuccess.B.GreatchangesinWang’slife.C.Wang’sdailylifeintheclub.D.ThereasonwhyWangchosetennis.33.WhopaidforWangFatolearntennis?A.Atennisclub. B.Wang’sparents.C.Wang’sschool. D.AnaudiencefromYunnan.34.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Wangdislikedhistennistraining.B.WangesfromavillageinGuangzhou.C.Wangexpressedhishopeforthefuturelife.D.Wanglikedfarmingmorethanplayingtennis.二（2022·湖北十堰·统考一模）Wemightusuallyseethissceneinsciencefictionormovies:peoplearetravelingbetweencitiesintubes.Thetubetrainsareevenfasterthanplanes,andpeoplearriveattheirdestinationsinminutes.Well,onebigstepwastakentomakethishappen.OnMay11,2018,thefirstopenairtestofthepropulsionsystem(推进系统)foratubetrain,whichiscalledtheHyperloop,tookplaceintheNevadadesert,US.Thesystemwentfrom0to169kilometersperhourinjustoverasecond.Wemayfeelshockedatthefactbutthisisn’tthefinalgoal.ElonMusk,founderoftheUSspacepanySpaceX,firsthadtheideafortheHyperloopin2013.Hewantspassengerstotravelinlowpressuretubes,propelled(推进)bymagnets(磁铁),ataspeedofaround1,200Kilometersperhour.ThemonspeedofBoeingairplanesis800to1,100kilometersperhour.MuskcallstheHyperloopthefifthmainkindoftransportationforhumans,afterships,cars,trainsandplanes.Accordingtohim,theHyperloopissafe,producesfewergreenhousegasesandcanworkinanyweather.Butrightnow,HyperloopOneisstillfarawayfromitsfinalproduct.OnemajorproblemaboutmakingtheintercityHyperloopavailableisthatitcouldcosttoomuch.“They’reupagainstairlines,andairlinesdon’tneedtobuildhundredsofmilesoftubes,”saidJoseGomezIbanez,aprofessorofcityplanningatHarvardUniversity,US.Sowewillhavetowaitandsee.4．Theunderlinedword“destinations”means________.A．目的地 B．出发地 C．出生地 D．户籍地5．ElonMuskfirsthadtheideafortheHyperloop________.A．in2018 B．in2013 C．in2014 D．in20226．Whichisthefourthmainkindoftransportation?A．Theship. B．Thecar. C．Theplane. D．TheHyperloop.7．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheHyperloop?A．Itissafe. B．Itcanproducefewergreenhousegases.C．Itcanworkinanyweather. D．Itshighestspeedis1,000kilometersperhour.8．OneofthedisadvantagesoftheintercityHyperloopisthat

________.A．itisnotconvenienttotake B．itcoststoomuchmoneyC．itisn’tassafeastheplane D．itcan’tcarrytoomanypassengers（2022·湖北襄阳·统考一模）Doyoustillremembertheheadmaster—ZhangPengfeiwholedthechildrentodanceduringthebreaksbetweenclasses?HeworksasaheadmasterinaprimaryschoolinnorthChina.Everymorning,the40yearoldmanatXiguanPrimarySchoolinLinyiCity,ShanxiProvincewouldleadabout700studentsontheplaygroundtodanceaspecialdance,whichbinesmodernjazzdancestepsandfullbodymovements.Thecreativeheadmasterbelievesthatthisfunandlivelywayofexercisecanbetterencouragestudentstobeeactiveratherthan“stareattheirmobilephones”.Theschool’snew30minutedanceprogramhastakenplaceofthetraditionalexerciseprogramduringthebreak.“Ithinkweneedachangebecausestudentshavelostinterestindoingtheoriginalexerciseprogram,”Zhangtoldreporters.Theheadmastersaidhesawagroupofpeopledoingthiskindofdanceinapublicsquarelastsummeranddecidedtolearnitbyhimself.InOctober,heintroducedthenewlychoreographed(编排的)dancetoallofhisstudentsandshortlyafter,eventheteachersjoinedin.“Nowstudentsdon’tplaywiththeirmobilephonesverymuch.Isometimesfindthemwatchingdifferentdancevideosandlearningnewmoves!”theproudheadmastersaid.ThevideoquicklywentaroundonChinesesocialmedia,withaWeibotopicpagetitled“HeadmasterleadsStudentstodance”beingviewedmorethan250milliontimes.“Thisisprobablythebestformofexerciseforchildren,”ament(评论)onWeiboread.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bines”meaninParagraph2?A．结合 B．引导 C．迫使 D．终止15．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．ZhangPengfeiisaprimaryschoolheadmasterinsouthChina.B．XiguanPrimarySchool’snew30minutedanceisnotfunbutlively.C．Studentsstillshowgreatinterestinplayinggamesontheirmobilephones.D．HundredsofmillionsofpeoplewatchedZhangPengfei’snewdancevideoonWeibo.16．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Peoplestronglydisagreedwiththischange. B．Peopledidn’tcareaboutthischange.C．Thechangewasconsideredunnecessary. D．Thechangewasthoughttobegoodforchildren.17．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．StudentsWhoLoveDancingB．TraditionalExerciseProgramsinChinaC．LeadsStudentstoDance—ACreativeHeadmasterD．AnInternetFamousSchoolinChina（2022·湖北荆门·统考中考真题）Foundedin1987inShenzhen,Huaweiisaleadingproviderofinformationandmunicationstechnology(ICT)aroundtheworld.Withmorethan195,000workers,thepanyrunsinmorethan170countriesandareas,servingmorethanthreebillionpeople.Asweallknow,therearetwooperatingsystems(操作系统)usedinsmartphones,AndroidOSandiOS.Foraverylongtime,mostofthesmartphoneshavebeendependingonAndroidOS,includingHuawei’ssmartphones.Nowthingsarechanging.Huaweihasbeencreatingitsownoperatingsystem—HarmonyOSorHongmenginChinese.HongmengisawordfromtheChinesemythology(神话),symbolizing(象征)theworldbeforeHarmonyOSwascreated.Soitmeansstartingfromtheverybeginning.Firstknowntothepublicin2019,HarmonyOSisanoperatingsystemfordifferentdevices(设备).IthasalreadybeenusedinHuaweiwatches,laptopsandsoonovertheyears.InDecember2020,abetaversion(测试版)ofHarmonyOSforsmartphonescameout.HalfayearlaterinJune2021,Huaweilauncheditsself﹣developedHarmonyOSforsmartphones.Chinesetechlovershavelongbeenlookingforwardtotheoperatingsystemdevelopedbyourselves.Industriesincludingtourism,education,homedevicesandsportshavealsoweledHarmonyOS.Atpresent,Huaweiencouragespeopletotestthesystem.ThepanyexpectsthenumberofdevicesusingHarmonyOStoreach300millionbytheendoftheyear.It’shopedthatHarmonyOSwillbeagreatmobileecosystem.18．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A．Huaweihasahistoryof45years. B．Thereare170,000workersinHuawei.C．HuaweiwasstartedinthecapitalcityofChina. D．OverthreebillionpeopleareusingHuaweiproducts.19．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto(指的是)?A．Theworld. B．iOS. C．AndroidOS. D．HarmonyOS.20．Paragraph3mainlytalksabout________.A．thedevelopmentofHarmonyOS B．theeffortsmadebythepanyC．thedifficultyindevelopingthesystem D．thereasonsfordevelopingthesystem21．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TheHistoryofHuawei. B．HuaweiandItsHarmonyOS.C．HarmonyOSforSmartphones. D．DifferentKindsofOperatingSystems.（2022·湖北黄石·统考一模）WhenImetandmarriedakindJapanesemaninNewYork,IthoughthewouldlearnabitmoreEnglishandwewouldcontinuetoliveourlivesthere.Butinlife’stwistsandturns(迂回曲折)weendeduplivinginTokyo!IwastheonewhoneededtolearnJapanese!Thereisnoexperienceaslonelyaslivinginaforeigncountrywithoutanunderstandingofthelanguage.Tomakefriendsandbreakthatlonelinessinparticular,itisthefirstandthemostimportantgoaltoachieve.IwasatrainedEnglishlanguageteacher.Thecountry’seconomic(经济的)problemsatthetime,however,sawdeepcutstoEnglishasasecondlanguagepositionintheschoolsandtosomelanguageprograms.SoIsimplytookajobinadepartmentstore,