阅读理解 （说明文） -2023年新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编 （原卷版）

专题02阅读理解（说明文）

-2023年新高考八省名校联考高一英语期末试题汇编

（原卷版）

1.【重庆市西南大学附属中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】

Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelyleadingtofewer

injuries.Ildoes,however,haveitsownproblem.

Racewalkersareconditioned（有.身体条件的）athletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummer

Olympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srules

requirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswing（摆动）andonefootremainincontact

withthegroundatalltimes.Ifsthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,says

JaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.

Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays.Accordingtomostdata,racewalkersmovingat

apaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories（卡路里）perhour,whichisabouttwiceasmanyasthey

wouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesper

hour.

However,racewalkingdoesnothitthebodyashardasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoher

research,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodo

notleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.

Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesconnectedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommon

amongracewalkers.Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplacemuchstressontheankles（脚踝）andhips（臀部）,so

peoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecarefulinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotry

racewalkingshouldprobablyfirstcommunicatewithacoachorexperiencedracertolearnproperskills,shesays.

Ittakessomepractice.

8.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?

A.Theymustrunlongdistances.

B.Theydowellinthemarathon.

C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.

D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.

9.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?

A.It'smorepopularattheOlympics.

B.It'slesschallengingphysically.

C.It'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.

D.It'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.

10.WhatisDr.Norberg'ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?

A.Gettingexperts'opinions.

B.Havingamedicalexamination.

C.Employinganexperiencedcoach.

D.Doingregularexercises.

11.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetoracewalking?

A.Puzzled.B.Careful.C.Supportive.D.Worried.

2.1重庆市南开中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】

Passage1

AJapanesecompanyrecentlyreleasedawhitecrust（lit司皮）milkbreadthatithopeswillstopthehabitof

removingthecrustwhenmakingsandwiches.

DidyouknowthatthevastmajorityofmilkbreadsandwichesmadedailyinJapanhavetheircrustsremoved?

Althoughcrustedsandwichloversdoexist,thegeneralideaisthatthefluffy（蓬松的）,whitepartofJapanesebread

istastierthanthebrowncrust.Thisconceptdatesbacktoatimelongagowhenthecrustwashardertochew（咀嚼）

through,butthingsaredefinitelyalotdifferenttoday.Thecrustisniceandsoft,butpeoplestillseemtoprefer

crustlesssandwiches.Thatresultsinalotoffoodwaste,butonecompanyhopestochangethatwithanewwhite

crustbread.

TokyoChefSugimotoandhisteamattheImperialHotelCo.,Ltd.spentsixmonthsdevelopinganewtypeof

breadthateliminatestheneedtogetridofthecrust.Peoplehavebeencomingupwithallsortsofwaystorecycle

breadcrustsinordertocontrolfoodwaste,butSugimoto\ideawastocreateacrustthatdidn'thavetobethrown

awayinthefirstplace.

AlthoughImperialHoteldidnotfullyrevealthesecretbehinditsnewwhitecrustbread,itdidmentionthatit

isbakedslowlyatalowertemperaturethanregularbread,whichresultsinawhitecolorallthroughthebreadanda

moremoisttexture（材质）.

ImperialHotelusedtoservecrustlessmilkbreadsandwichestoitscustomers,butstartingonOctober1stof

thisyear,theywillswitchtothisnewwhitecrustbread,thusdecreasingitsfoodwasteconsiderably.

ThewhitecrustbreadwillbeservedintheImperialHotel'srestaurantsandatbanquets,butpeoplewillalsobe

abletopurchaseitfromaluxurybakerythathasbeenoperatingsince1971.

28.Whatmakespeoplealwaysprefercrustlesssandwiches?

A.Changedtaste.B.Nicecolors.C.Softtexture.D.Fixedhabits.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate“inParagraph3mean?

A.Enlarge.B.Satisfy.C.Erase.D.Ignore.

30.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Thewhitepartistastierbuthardertochew.B.ChefSugimotoisthefirstonetorecyclecrusts.

C.Theregularbreadasksforahighertemperature.D.TheHotelwillservecrustlesssandwichesafterOctober.

31.WhydidtheImperialHotelpromotethewhitecrustbread?

A.Tosatisfycustomers,needs.B.lbdealwiththebreadwaste.

C.Todevelopanewtypeofbread.D.Toprovideanewoptionforluxurybakeries.

Passage2

Nowresearchershavefoundthathumansproduceadifferentodor（气味）whenunderpressure-anddogs

cansniffitout.Whilepreviousstudieshavesuggesteddogsmightnoticehumanemotions,possiblythroughsmell,

questionsremainedoverwhethertheycoulddetectstressandifthiscouldbedonethroughsmell.

Wilson,headofoneresearchteam,pointedthefindingscouldproveusefulwhentrainingservicedogs,suchas

thosethatsupportpeoplewithPTSD（创伤后应激障碍）."They'reoftentrainedtolookatsomeoneeither

crouchingdownonthefloor,cryingoutinfear,orstartingtodoself-injuriousbehaviors,saidWilson.Thelatest

study,shesaid,offersanotherpotentialclue.

Wilsonandcolleaguestrainedfourdogstoidentifythecontainerholdingaparticularbreathandsweatsample,

evenwhenthecontainersincludedunusedgauze（纱布），samplesfromanotherperson,orsamplesfromthesame

persontakenatadifferenttimeofday.Aftertheteamisconfidentthatthedogsunderstoodtheapproach,they

turnedtocollectbreathandsweatsamplescollectedfrom36peopleaskedtocountbackwardsfrom9,000inunits

of17,andtheparticipantsreportedfeelingstressed.

Later,thedogsweretaughttopickoutsamplestakenjustafterthetask.Theresearchersthentestedwhether

thedogscoulddothesamewithsamplestakenfromthesameparticipantjustbeforethetask,whentheyweremore

relaxed.Eachsetofsampleswasshowntoasingledogin20trials.

Theresultsrevealthatthedogschosethe"stressed“samplein675outofthe720trials.Itwasprettyamazing

toseehowsmoothlythedogsactintellingpeoplethesetwosamplesdefinitelydifferent.

32.WhydidWilsonandcolleaguesdosuchanexperiment?

A.TotrainservicedogsforpeoplewithPTSD.B.Toconfirmdogscansmelloutstressedpeople.

C.Toprovedogscouldrecognizehumanemotions.D.Tohelppeopleunderstandhowstressedtheyare.

33.Theservicedogswillusuallyprovidehelpwhensomeone.

A.hurtshimselfB.liesonthebedC.producesanodorD.screamsinexcitement

34.Whichorderdoestheexperimentfollow?

a.Totraindogstopickouttheparticularcontainer.

b.Toshoweachsetofsamplestoasingledogin20trials.

c.Tocollectsamplesfromparticipantswhentheyarestressedout.

d.Toaskparticipantstocountbackwardsfrom9,000inunitsof17.

A.a-d-c-bB.a-c-d-bC.c-a-d-bD.c-a-b-d

35.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefinding?

A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Uncertain.D.Neutral.

3.【辽宁省中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试卷】

ThepipingploverisalreadyoneofthemostendangeredbirdsintheGreatLakesareaofthenorthernUnited

States.Now,therisingwaterlevelsofLakeMichiganfurtherthreatenthebirdsandtheareaswheretheylive.

PoolsofwaterareformingbehindseveralplovernestsalongSleepingBearDunesNationalLakeshoreinthe

stateofMichigan.ThewatersofLakeMichiganarenowonlyafewmetersfromtheplovers'nestingarea.Their

homecouldbeonestormawayfromdestruction.

VinceCavalieriworkswiththeU.S.FishandWildlifeService.HetoldtheAPthatthehighwaterlevelsput

ploversinmoredangerthanmostotherbirdgroups.Thatisbecausetheareaswheretheylivehavebeen

disappearing.HeaddedthatsomenestsontheCanadiansideoftheGreatLakesalsohavebeensweptaway.

TheGreatLakesgenerallyrisewiththemeltingsnowandrainstormsofspring,andfallduringthedrier

Summermonths.However,somescientistsbelieveclimatechangeiscausingmorechangesinwaterlevels.Ina

recentreport,researchersDrewGronewoldandRichardRoodsaid,“Quickchangesbetweenextremehighandlow

waterlevelsintheGreatLakesrepresentthe4newnormal.'"

Ifthatistrue,thepipingploverscouldbeatgreaterrisk.Theirnumbersalreadyhavedroppedbecauseof

shorelinedevelopment.ThefederalgovernmentliststhebirdsasthreatenedinthenorthernGreatPlainsandalong

theAtlanticcoast.

Recoveryprojectsarehelping,however.In2017,officialscounted76breedingpairsofplovers.Lastyear,

theycounted67.Cavalieriofthefishandwildlifeserviceexpectstoseesimilarnumbersthisyear.Mostofthis

year'splovereggswillhatchbytheendofJune.

4.Howdoestheauthordemonstratetheseverityofthepipingplover'slivingconditions?

A.Bymakingcomparison.B.Bylistingdetailedevidence.

C.Bygivingexamples.D.Bymakingpredictions.

5.Whyareploversmoreendangeredthanmostotherbirds?

A.Theyaretoosensitivetoclimatechanges.

B.Theirnestsarenotstrongenoughtostandastorm.

C.Thefederalgovernmentthinkslittleofprotectingplovers.

D.Theirhabitatsaregreatlydestroyedduetotherisingwaterlevels.

6.Whatcouldputthepipingploverinagreaterdanger?

A.Theirhomesaredisappearingrapidly.

B.Theirnumbersaredecreasingdramatically.

C.Theshorelinedevelopmentisswiftandunavoidable.

D.Theextremechangesinwaterlevelswilloccurfrequently.

7.WhatisVinceCavalieri'sattitudetowardsthefutureofthepipingplover?

A.Suspicious.B.Concerned.

C.Optimistic.D.Objective.

4.【辽宁省大连市二十四中2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】

Passage1

Nowyoucanhavepolarbearsaspenfriends.Firstyouneedtofindone,thentranquilize（麻醉）itandquickly

giveitthenecessarytoolsbeforeitwakesup.It'sanawkwardfirstencounter——howmanyfriendshipsdoyouknow

thatstartwithtranquilizers?—andadmittedlyaone-sidedcorresDondence,butsoonthey'llbesendingmessages

daily.

Everymorning,JonAars,aseniorresearcherattheNorwegianPolarInstitute,receivesabunchofemailsfrom

severalfemalepolarbears,lettinghimknowwheretheyare.Eachyear,Aarsandhiscolleaguesfitaround70polar

bearswithatrackingcollarwhichcontinuouslylogsmovement.Onceadaythecollarsendsthelast24hoursof

databacktotheInstitute.

“Dataaboutmovementhasbeenveryimportanttounderstandhowtheymightrespondtoclimatechange.,,

Aarsexplains.

Awarmingclimatemeansavastamountofseaiceismelting.Severalsealspecies-polarbears'main

food-relyonseaice,andmoreoftenthannot,sodopolarbears.Asaresult,polarbearswillspendmoretimeon

landandlookfbrdifferentoptions.Aarsexplains.4tTheyhuntreindeerandtheywilltakemorebirdsandeggs.We

haveseenthatbearsareindifferentareasthantheyusedtobe-somuchfurthernorth.^^

Thecollarcanalsorecordbodytemperature,whichcantellscientistsifabearhasmovedinsideahabitat一an

indicationthattheanimalisgoingtogivebirth.Seaicelossisalsohavinganimpactonwherepolarbearsareborn.

"Importantareasthattheyusedtogotogivebirthtocubs（幼兽）aremoreorlesslost,“saysAars."Bearsarenow

swimmingasfaras200kilometerstoreachanislandhabitat,headds,"somethingtheydidnotneedtodo20years

ago.”

Aarshopeshisresearchcouldrevealhowtohelphispenfriendsholdoutalittlelonger.^Changesareso

significantandsofast;wewillreachsomestageinthefuturewhereitwillgetmuchhardertobeapolarbearin

Svalbard.”

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“correspondence"inparagraph1possiblymean?

A.Communication.B.Agreement.C.Performance.D.Control.

9.Whatisthefunctionofthecollar?

A.Itpreventspolarbearsfrombeingattacked.

B•Itallowsresearcherstodetectthemeltingseaice.

C.Itmakesiteasierforpolarbearstosearchforfood.

D.Ithelpsresearcherstomonitorpolarbears5activities.

10.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?

A.Polarbearscaneasilyadapttoclimatechange.

B•Polarbearsarelivingintoughconditions.

C.Thecollarhelpspolarbearsgivebirthtocurbs.

D.Polarbearsswimhardtofindtheiroldhabitats.

11.WhatisAars'attitudetowardsthefutureofpolarbearsinSvalbard?

A.Optimistic.B.Tolerant.C.Uncaring.D.Concerned.

Passage2

Palacesareknownfortheirbeautyandsplendor,buttheyofferlittleprotectionagainstattacks.Itiseasyto

defendafortress（要塞），butusuallyfortressesarenotdesignedwiththecomfortofakinginmind.Whenitcomes

tostructuresthatarebothbeautifulanddefensive,theEuropeancastleisabigsuccess.

CastleswereoriginallybuiltinEnglandbytheNormansin1066.Theybuilttowersandwallstosecurethe

landtheyhadtaken.ThesecastlesprovidedtheNormanswithaquietandsafeplace.Theyalsoservedasbasesof

operationforattacks.Inthiswaycastlesservedbothdefensiveandoffensiveroles.Besides,castlesservedas

officesforgovernors.Thosethatweresociallybeneaththegovernorwouldcometoreportaffairsandexpresstheir

respect.Theywouldaddressproblems,handlebusiness,feast,andenjoyfestivitiesincastles.Socastlesservedas

socialcentersaswell.

Thefirstcastlesweremadefromearthandwood,andtheywerelikelytosufferfromattacksbyfire.Then

woodencastlesweregraduallyreplacedbystone,whichgreatlyincreasedthestrengthofthesetowersandwalls.

However,attackerscouldthrowflamingobjectsintocastlesthroughthewindowsorburnthewoodendoors.This

ledtomovingthewindowsandentrancesoffthegroundflooranduptothefirstfloortomakethemmoredifficult

toaccess.

DuringtheMiddleAges,attacksincreasedinregularity,socastledefenseswereupdated.Arrow-slitswere

added.Theyweresmallholesinthecastle,whichalloweddefenderstofirewithoutbeinghurt.Towerswerebuilt

fromwhichdefenderscouldprovidefireonbothsides.Thetowerswereconnectedtothecastlebywoodenbridges,

sothatifonetowerfell,therestofthecastlewasstilleasytodefend.Alotofringsofcastlewallswereconstructed,

sothatevenifattackerswentpastonewall,theywouldbecaughtonakillinggroundbetweeninnerandouterwalls.

Alloftheseincreasedthedefenseofcastles.

Theendofcastlescanbeattributed（归因于）togunpowder.Duringthe15thcentury,artillery（炮），akindof

largeguns,becamepowerfulenoughtobreakthroughstonewalls.Thisgreatlymadetheroleofcastlesless

effective.Thoughcastlesnolongerservetheiroriginalpurposes,remainingcastlesreceivemillionsofvisitorseach

yearwhowishtoexperiencethesituationsofancienttimes.

12.Theauthorintroducesthetopicofthetextby.

A.makingaguessB.makingacomparison

C.givinganexampleD.providingdata

13.Thereasonwhywoodencastleswerereplacedbystonecastleswasthat.

A.stonecastlescostlessmoney

B•stonecastlesofferedbetterdefense

C.woodencastleswereuncomfortable

D.woodencastlestookalongtimetobuild

14.Whichofthefollowingshowedanimprovementincastledefenses?

A.Castlesweretotallyseparatedbystones.

B.Arrow-slitsweremadeinlargequantities.

C.Ringsofwallswerebuilttodefendthetowers.

D.Windowsandentrancesweremovedtothehigherfloor.

15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.FancyLiving:LearningaboutCastles

B.Normans:BringingCastlestoEngland

C.AHistoryofCastles:TheRiseandFallofCastles

D.DefendingCastles:TechnologiesUsedtoDefendCastles

5.【江苏省常州一中2022-2023学年高一上学期期中试题】

Overthepastlewmonths,peopleintheUnitedStateshavebeenwatchingsomeunusualtelevision

advertisements（广告）.TheyareunusualbecausetheyadvertiseaproductthatnoAmericanusesnoworislikelyto

useinthefuture.

Theadvertisementsshowthataproductcalledgoldenricewillhelppreventblindnessinmillionsofchildren.

NoneofthesechildrenliveintheUnitedStates.Theyliveincountrieswherewhitericeformsthemainpartof

thediet.ToomuchwhitericewithoutotherfoodcauseslackofvitaminA.Thiscanleadtoblindness.

Goldenricehasbeendevelopedtosolvethisproblemthroughgenetic（基因的）engineering.AswellasTV

advertisements,mostnewsmediacarriedstoriesonthisgreatscientificdevelopmentthatwouldhelpsomeofthe

poorestchildrenintheworld.

Itcouldalsosavethescienceofgeneticengineering.PeopleinEuropeandAmericahavelearnedmoreabout

geneticallymodified（转基因的）foodoverthepastfewyears.Andthemoretheylearn,thelesstheylikewhatthey

hear.Peoplelikescience.Andpeopleliketoeatfood.Buttheywouldlikethetwothingskeptseparate.

Thetruthisthatachildwouldhavetoeat9kilogramsofgoldenriceeverydaytogetenoughvitaminA.And

GordonConwayoftheRockefellerFoundation,whichhelpedthedevelopmentofgoldenrice,saysthatthe

advertisementshavegonetoofar.

Perhapsthemainpurposeofgoldenriceistogetpeopletoacceptgeneticallymodifiedfood.TheTV

advertisementssentaveryclearmessage-ifyoudon'tacceptthistechnologythenpoorchildrenwillgoblind.It

costUS$50milliontogetthatmessageacross.Thatwouldbuyalotoffoodforpoorchildren.

Whatdothepeoplewhoaresaidtobenefitfromgoldenricethinkofbeingpartofthisgreatscientificand

socialargument?Nobodyknows.Nobodyhasaskedthem.

8.WhydoyouthinkchildrenintheUSAneednogoldenrice?

A.Theydomorebadthangoodtochildren.B.Itisgeneticallymodifiedfood.

C.Theydon'ttreatitasstaplefood.D.Thereisn'tenoughvitaminAinit.

9.WhatisthemainreasonwhygoldenriceisadvertisedintheUSA?

A.Goldenricewillpreventblindnessinchildren.

B.Peoplehavenotacceptedgeneticallymodifiedfood.

C.Peopleknowlittleaboutgeneticallymodifiedfood.

D.Goldenriceisthefirstgeneticallymodifiedfood.

10.Accordingtothetext,whatkindoffooddopeopleinEuropeandAmericalikebest?

A.FoodthatisrichinvitaminA.

B•Foodproducedwithnohelpfromscience.

C.Foodproducedinthethirdcountries.

D.Foodproducedthroughgeneticengineering.

11.Whatistheauthor'sopinionoftheTVadvertisements?

A.Theyarenotthatuseful.B.Theyneedimprovement.

C.Theyareunbelievablypractical.D.Theyareputinawrongplace.

6.【湖南省名校联考联合体2022-2023学年高一上学期12月试题】

Passage1

Doyouliketokeepfit?We'realwaystoldthatregularexerciseisgoodforourbodyandmind.Moreandmore

peoplearetakingupactivitiesthatimprovetheirfitness.Butisthereariskthatsomeofusmightgetobsessed（着

迷的）andoverdoit?

Well,forsomepeople,fitnesshasbecomeanobsessionastheyaimforperfection.Andfitnesstrackersand

appscanaddtothisaddiction,especiallyifsomeoneisdrivenbyachievementandperfectionism.Andsharingdata

onsocialmediameansexercisingbecomespublicandcompetitive,whichcouldcauseproblemsinsomeonewhois

vulnerable（脆弱的）.Expertssaythiscanleadtoamedicalconditioncalledorthorexianervosa,oraddictionto

healthyeatingandover-exercise.Untreated,itcanleadtomalnutritionandmentalhealthcomplications.

Toomuchexercisecanalsotakeitslollonsomeone'sphysicalhealthaswell.Symptomsofover-exercising

includeinjuriessuchasabrokenlegandalowimmunesystem.Sohowmuchexerciseistoomuch?Researches

foundtheidealpacetojogwasabouteightkilometersperhour-andthatitwasbesttojognomorethanthreetimes

aweekorfor2.5hoursintotal,showingthatmoderatejoggingispossiblymorebeneficialthanbeinginactiveor

undertakingstrenuous（剧烈的）jogging.

Ifyou'remoreofacouchpotatothanasprinter,thismightsoundlikegoodnews.Butforamateurathletes

whocan'thelpbutpushtheirbodiestothelimit,theadvicefromMartinTurner,asportsandexercisepsychologist,

is,"It'sallaboutlettinggo,notbeingobsessed,learningnottocontroleverything,saying,t€Youdon'tneedtobe

perfect.n

4.Whatcontributesmosttopeople'saddictiontoover-exerciseaccordingtoparagraph2?

A.Theirurgeforsocialsupport.

B.Theirpursuitofperfectionism.

C.Theiraddictiontofitnessapps.

D.Theirconcernoverhealthissues.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"takeitstoll“inparagraph3mean?

A.Havingabadeffect.

B.Goinghandinhand.

C.Makinglittledifference.

D.Playinganimportantrole.

6.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Theriskoffitnessobsession.

B.Theimportanceofmentalhealth.

C.Thebenefitsofmoderatejogging.

D.Thesymptomsofover-exercising.

7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?

A.Science.B.Opinion.C.Culture.D.Lifestyle.

Passage2

Cuckoos（布谷鸟）aremastersofcheating.Whenitcomestoraisingyoung,theydon'tspendtheenergy

buildinganest（鸟巢），protectingeggsorfeedingchildren.Insteadthefemalepassestheserolesontootherbirds.

Theydon'traisetheirownyoung.Usually,theylaytheireggsinthenestsofotherbirds,foolingotherbirdsinto

thinkingthecuckooeggsaretheirs.

Tosucceedindoingthis,afemalecuckoowatchesoverherchosennesttoobservefeedingtimes.Whenthe

hostparentleavesitsnestinsearchoffood,thecuckooquicklylayshereggsamongthosealreadyinthenest.

Sometimes,shewillevendestroyandremoveoneofthehost'seggstomakeroomforherown.

Cuckoosaremedium-sizedbirdswithlongtails,andoftenhavegrayorbrownbacks.Whentheyhatch。殍化）

andbegintogrowinahosfsnest,thedifferencebetweenthetwocanbeobvioustoanonlooker.Oftenthecuckoo

istwicethesizeofitsfosterparents,butstillcontinuestoreceivefoodfromthem.

Thecuckooimposter（冒名顶替者）isusuallytheonlybabybirdthatthehostparenthastocarefor.Thisis

becausewhenthecuckoohatchesafteraround11days,itgetsridofalltheothereggsinthenest.Itwilllifteach

eggontoitsbackbeforethrowingthemonebyoneovertheedgeofthenest.Eventhen,thenon-biologicalparent

willcontinuetotreatitasoneofitsown.

Also,cuckooshavedevelopedtoproduceeggsthataresimilarincolortotheirmainhosts'.Thisreducesthe

chancesofeggsbeingattacked.Femalecuckooshavebeenknowntotakehostbirds'attentionawayafterlaying

theireggsbyproducinganoisesimilartoEurasiansparrowhawks,scaringbirdsawayfromreturningtothenest

andallowingtimeforthecuckootomakeherescapeunnoticed.

12.Whatdomothercuckoosusuallydowhenitcomestoraisingtheiryoung?

A.Attendtoeggs.B.Buildanewnest.C.Relyonotherbirds.D.Learnfeedingskills.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inParagraph3referto?

A.Othercuckoos.B.Babycuckoos.C.Itshostparents.D.Itsbirthparents.

14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthecuckooimposter?

A.Itusuallyhatchesoutearlierthantheothereggsinthenest.

B.Itthrowsalltheothereggsoutofnestswithitsmother'shelp.

C.Itoftenmakesanoisetoscareotherbirdsawayfromthenest.

D.Itlooksmuchlargerthanothereggsinthenestbeforehatching.

15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowcuckoosfoolotherbirdsB.Howcuckoosprotecttheirchildren

C.Howcuckoosdestroyothers'nestsD.Howcuckoosproduceeggsinhostnests

7.【湖南师范大学附中2022-2023年高一上学期期中试题】

Ifyou'replanningtogoonadiet,orifyousufferfromseriousconditionslikediabetes.Knowingexactlywhat

andhowmuchyou'reeatingisessential.Inthisdayandage,wehavecalorieandnutritioncalculatorsevenonour

smartphones,buttheyactonlyasguides,whereasafamouscompany'srevolutionarynewdevice,CaloRieco,

actuallyanalyzesthefoodonyourplateandprovidesaccurateinformationinjustafewseconds.

You'veprobablyusedcaloriccalculatorsbefore,andyouknowthattheyonlyoffergeneralinformation.For

example,acalculatorwilltellyoutheaveragenumberofcaloriesinahamburger,butitcan'ttellyouexactlyhow

manycaloriesareinthehamburger.Thesamegoesfornutrientslikeproteinorfat.Andthisiswhatmakesthenew

CaloRiecosospecial.

Thespokesmanforthecompanysaidthatitsoutstandinginventionisaimedatdietersanddiabetessufferers,

bothofwhommakeupasizablemarket.Displayedatarecenttechshow,CaloRiecoisahigh-techdevicethatuses

lightreflectiontechnologytodeterminethenutritionalvaluesofalmostanyfoodandalsoprovideaccuratecalorie

estimates.Allyouhavetodoisputyourplateinthebox-shapeddeviceandwaitbetween10and20secondsforit

toanalyzeallthefood.

Onceit'sdoneanalyzingthevariousingredientsinyourmeal,CaloRiecoshowsthenumberofcalories,as

wellasthenutritionalcontentonanLEDdisplay.Accordingtothecompanythedeviceisabletorecognizethevast

majorityoffoods,exceptsoupsandverydarkdishes.

CaloRiecocanalsoconnecttoyoursmartphoneviaanapp,andsendallthedataaboutanalyzedfoodstoyour

handhelddevice,soyoucanaccessitwheneveryouneed.

Unfortunately,you'HhavetowaitabitlongertogetyourhandsonyourveryownCaloRieco,asthedevice

presentedattheshowisjustaprototype（样机）whichneedst