Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructures高中英语人教版(2019)单元整体教学设计（视频课件教案）

Book1UNIT4NATURALDISASTERSTolearntherestrictiverelativeclauseswith

that,which,who,whose,whom，and/.Tousetherestrictiverelativeclausestodescribepicturesofdisasters.Retellthepassage.Strangethingswerehappeningthatnight.Thewaterinthewells...Smellygas…Animals…

Butpeoplewere...Suddenly,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasif...Ahugecrack…Hardhillsofrock…Inlessthanoneminutes,…Twothirdsofthepeople...Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverything…Bricks…Mostbridges…Therailwaytracks…Peoplewereinshock.Andlaterthatafternoon,…Peoplebegantowonder…Buthopewasnotlost.Soonaftertheearthquake,…Doctorsandnurses…Workers…Thecitybegantobreatheagain.Tangshanbegantoreviveitself.Withthesupport…Thenewcity…Retellthepassage.Findandunderlinetherestrictiverelativeclausesinthesentencebelow.TheboywhoiscalledTisgood.TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreatgrandmacannotforget.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupt.tThesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.n.火山vi.&vt.火山爆发;熔浆喷出n.供应量;补给品vt.供应;供给Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.MrLiisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.Adoctor

withwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.ThestructureofrestrictiverelativeclausesTwothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.先行词关系代词从句定义:

在复合句中起定语作用，修饰名词、代词、整个主句或主句中的一部分的从句。

类型:限制性定语从句（描述主句所涉及的人或物的具体情况，是主句不可缺少的一部分；如省去，主句意义不完整或失去意义）。关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose等。引导定语从句的关系代词有三个作用：1)连接作用：引导从句，把从句和所修饰内容连接起来；2)替代作用：在从句中替代被从句所修饰的先行词；3)在从句中充当成分：作主语、宾语、表语、定语。指人指物主语宾语that

whichwhowhom√×

×

×

×

关系代词在从句中：何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略√√√√√√√√√√√1)关系代词that与which定语从句中,关系代词that既可指人也可指物，which一般用于指物。指物时二者一般可以互换。只用that引导定语从句的情况：①当先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,much,little,none等不定代词或先行词被theonly,few,little,no,all,every,thevery等词修饰时。关系代词的用法与辨析②当先行词同时包括人和物时。如：Theytalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthattheyhadvisited.③当先行词前有序数词first,last,next等或形容词的最高级修饰时。如：ThisisthefirstarticlethatI’vewritteninJapanese.④当主句是由who或which开头的疑问句时。避免重复如：

WhoisthemanthatisstandingbyJack?2)关系代词who与whomwho指人，主格，在定语从句中作主语，一般可用that替换。whom指人，宾格，在定语从句中作宾语。在口语和非正式文体中可用who或that替换，也可以省略。3)关系代词whosewhose是who的所有格，在定语从句中作定语，起限定作用。whose引导定语从句时，先行词可以指人也可以指物。1TheeruptionofMountVesuviusin79CEtookthepeopleofPompeiibysurprise.Theyhadalwaysknownthatthemountainwasavolcanobutithadbeenquietforsolongthatnobodysawitasathreat.Whenthevolcanofinallydiderupt,itwassoquickandsoseverethatthetownwassooncoveredinlavaandash.Awriter________wasthereduringtheeruptiondescribedhowlavawasthrownintotheairlikeafountain.【语境应用】用that,which,who,whose,whom,/完成句子。who/thatAfteritfelltoearth,itturnedintowaveoflava__________travelleddownthemountainfasterthanpeoplecouldrunaway.Itwasanabsolutedisasterforthose_________couldnotescapeintime.Manyofthewoodenhousesandbungalows(平房)inPompeiiwereburnedtotheground,butthestonehousesremainedundertheashuntiltheywererediscoveredduringthe20thcentury.who/thatthat/which2ThedayafterthiseruptionIwasluckyenoughtohaveamuchcloserlookatit.TwootherscientistsandIweredrivenupthemountainanddroppedascloseaspossibletothecrater__________hadbeenformedduringtheeruption.Weputonspecialclothesbeforewewentanycloser.Lookinglikespacemen,wehadwhiteprotectivesuits___________coveredourwholebody,helmets,bigbootsandspecialgloves.Itwasnoteasytowalkinthesesuits,butweslowlymadeourwaytotheedgeofthecraterandlookdownintothered,boilingcenter.that/whichthat/whichCompleteeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whomor/.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.1.Herearesomeofthepeople_________homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon.2.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople_________wereasleep.3.Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganything_________theycouldfind.whosewhothat;/n.台风露天;在户外有些人的家园被台风摧毁了。建筑物可怕的摇晃把人们从睡梦中惊醒。第二天，人们用能找到的一切物品在空地上搭建起避难所。4.Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings__________hadbeendamagedbythehurricane

wererepaired.5.Theinjuredboy_________motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.6.Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby_________shewasrescued.7.Isthisyoungboy_________savedseveralotherstudentstrappedunderbuildings?that/whichwhosewhomwhon.飓风几天以后，大多数被飓风破坏的建筑物得到了修缮。那个在灾难中失去了母亲的受伤男孩被送去了医院。这位女士给营救她的战士写了一封感谢信。这就是那个从楼里救出了好几位被困同学的男孩吗？Taketurnstoaskeachotheraboutthepictures.Makesentenceswithrestrictiverelativeclausesusingthat,which,who,whose,orwhom.A:What’stherescueworkerdoing?B:She’sfeedingthebabywhosurvived

theearthquake.A:Whatarethesoldiersdoing?B:…vi.生存;存活vt.幸存;艰难度过A:Whoisthewomanthatisholdingthebaby?B:She’sarescueworker.A:Whereisthewomanwho/thatisthebaby’smother?B:Maybeshe’sinjuredandinthehospital.A:Whoarethepeoplewhosetentisbeingfixed?B:Thepeoplewhosecitywasdestroyedbytheearthquake.A:Whyisthisdogpartoftherescueteam?B:Thedog,whosejobistosearchpeoplewhoareburiedintheruins,hasanincrediblesenseofsmellandhearingforfindingpeopleintheruins.1.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.supplyn.anamountofsomethingthatisavailabletobeused;food,clothes,andthingsnecessaryfordailylifeorforaparticularpurpose

供应(量)；补给(品)vt.

toprovidepeoplewithsomethingthattheyneedorwant,especiallyregularlyoveralongperiodoftime供应；供给e.g.Thenation’sfuelsupplieswillnotlastforever.

Paintfortheprojectwassuppliedbythecity.

Supplieswerebroughtinbyair.(翻译)

这个国家的燃料供应不会无穷无尽。

用于这个项目的油漆由市里提供。

补给品通过空运送到了。provide,offer,supply词义用法provide提供所需物，生活必需品。providesth.forsb.

/providesb.withsth.

offer提供帮助、服务或向往之物。常接动词不定式作宾语，或双宾语。offersth.tosb.supply供给所需或所要求之物，范围更广。supplysb.withsth.

/supplysth.to/forsb.【语境应用】用provide/offer/supply完成句子。1)Anna’sschool________heraverygoodchancelastyear.2)Canyou________fifteenroomsforthirtypeople?3)Theywerearrestedfor________________streetdealers.

他们因向街头毒品贩子提供毒品而被逮捕。offeredprovidesupplyingdrugsto2.She’sfeedingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake.survive

vt.

tocontinuetolivenormallyinspiteofmanyproblems幸存；艰难度过

vi.

tocontinuetoliveafteranaccident,war,orillness生存；存活survivorn.

幸存者survivaln.

残存，生还，生存surviveon依靠……生存下来survivesth.幸免于；从……中挺过来2.She’sfeedingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake.e.g.Ican’tsurviveon$40aweek.

Forafewyears,thebuildingsurvivedas

ashelterforthehomeless.

Theluckygirlsurvivedthebigearthquake.

Jimwasasurvivoroftheaccident,buthelosthisleftleg.

Thesurvivaloftheboyisuncertain;heisbadlyhurtandmaydie.【语境应用】完成句子。1)Themanwastheonly________(幸存者)who_____________________(在地震中幸存).Hetoldushe______________(靠……生存)abottleofwater.Everyonesaidhis________(幸存)wasawonder.survivorsurvivedtheearthquakehadsurvivedonsurvival2)Afterall,noteveryonehasrealizedthatwildlifehasthoughts,feelings,andmostimportantly,equalrights__________(survive).tosurvive定语从句是在复合句中起定语作用，修饰名词、代词或整个主句的从句。被定语从句修饰的词是先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose等)和关系副词(where,when,why)。关系词在定语从句中的作用：连接主句和定语从句；指代先行词；在定语从句中充当一定的成分。定语从句定语从句(关系代词)that,which,who,whom,whose,as只用that不用which先行词是all,little,much,everything等代词先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰先行词被all,every,no,theonly,thevery修饰先行词被既有人有物主句以who或which开头的特殊疑问句先行词做主句的表语时先行词是therebe句式中的主语时只用which不用that关系代词前有介词时引导非限制性定语从句时一个句子中有两个限制性定语从句时，避免重复，一个that，一个which先行词本身是that只用who不用that先行词是指人的不定代词时therebe句中先行词指人的时I.用who,whom,which或that完成下列句子。1.It’sabook_________introduceshowtocook.2.Therearemanyvolunteers_________arehelpingthepoorchildren.3.Thisisthebike__________mybrothergavemeformybirthday.4.Thegirl_________isstandingunderthetreeismylittlesister.that/whichwho/thatthat/whichwho/that5.Thewoman______________youmetyesterdayismyaunt.6.Bruce,thereissomeoneoutside__________wouldliketoseeyou.7.Doyouknowtheboy_________threwthestoneatthewindow?8.Iamlookingforthebackpack__________Iboughtyesterday.whom/who/thatwho/thatwho/thatthat/whichII.用适当的关系代词填空。1.Therainstorms__________havestruck13townssinceJuneareatestoflocalgovernments'governingability.

2.Theyaretryingtheirbesttoevacuatethose__________areindanger.3.Everyyear,therearebigorsmalldisasters__________happenindifferentpartsoftheworld.that/whichwhothat/which4.Thepeople__________housesweredamagedareinneedofhelp.5.Thefire__________brokeoutlastnig