名词专项复习中考英语省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖课件

名词

一、考查重点可数名词与不可数名词2.名词作用3.名词全部格4.名词词义辨析

1/49名词{

专有名词（如：Tom，China，theUnitedStates,January,Monday)

可数{普通名词{物质名词(如water,ice,wood)抽象名词(如:happiness幸福)个体名词(如：teacher教师)集体名词(如：police警察)不可数{2/49

考点一名词数3/49名词单数表示

普通可用a，an，one来修饰注：a用于辅音音素开头单词前,an用于元音音素开头单词前*abook

*anEnglishbook

*anhour

4/49flowerflowers找规律,总结规则watchesfactory-factoriesleaf--leavesboxesNOUN.5/49可数名词复数形式

1.规则改变(1)普通在词尾加“s”/s/or/z/*

dog–

dogs

*

book

–

books*

cap

–

caps*

tree

–

trees(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾名词加“es”/iz/*box

–

boxes*watch

–

watches*bus–

buses*brush

–

brushes

注：stomach/k/–stomachs

6/49(3)以辅音字母加y结尾名词,变y为i加“es”/iz/

*country–

countries*baby–

babies

*factory–

factories*party–

parties

请区分：假如是元音字母加y结尾名词则只须加“s”

*boy–

boys

holiday-holidays

*

day-holidaysmonkey

–

monkeys7/49(4)以f、fe结尾名词,变f、fe

为v再加“es”/vz/

*half

–

halves*shelf

–

shelves

*knife

–

knives*leaf

–

leaves

特殊:roof---roofsbelief---beliefsproof---proofsHandkerchief-handkerchiefs/handkerchieves8/49巧学妙记找规律tomatoespotatoesNegroesNOUN.黑人和英雄爱吃西红柿拌土豆。heroes9/49(5)以o结尾名词,普通情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero等除外

*

piano

–

pianos*zoo

–

zoos

*

radio-radios*bamboo–bamboos

10/49woman--womenman--menNOUN.2.不规则改变(1)变-a为-e

(2)变元音字母oo为eepoliceman–policemenFrenchman–Frenchmen11/49

(3)单复数同形Chinese–Chinesefish–fishJapanese–Japanesesheep–sheepsheep特殊：children请区分：German(德国人)–Germans(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)12/49(4).常以复数形式出现名词

peopleclothesshoes

trouserssocksglasses

这些名词作主语时，注意它们谓语用复数

*Myclothes

are

newerthanyours.13/491.Several_____aretalking

underthetree．Andtheyaretalkingabout______.

A．woman;children B．woman;childC．women;children2.Therearethree

inmyfamily.A.peopleB.personC.child3.Some______cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.

A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.GermaniesCAA14/494.Inthepicturetherearemany______andtwo_______.

A.sheeps;knifesB.sheeps;knifeC.sheep;knives D.sheep;knife5.Therearefour_______andtwo_______inthegroup.A.Japanese，GermenB.Japaneses，GermenC.Japanese，GermanD.Japanese，GermansDC15/49★不可数名词物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词.常见不可数名词water

rice

fish

meatworkchalktimespacemusicmoneyweatherhomeworkwoodinformationnewsmedicine16/492不可数名词数（1)alotof/lotsof,some,much,alittle,plentyof,abitof,alargeamountof+不可数名词

(2)数词+容器+of+不可数名词a

glass

of

water—twoglassesofwater17/49

单个不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数

*Somebread

is

overthere.

*Nonews

is

goodnews.

18/49不可数名词不能直接被a,an,one,two等修饰，惯用much,alittle,little,

alotof,lotsof,some,any，plentyof等修饰

*Theyhad

much

money.

*Hedoes

little

houseworkathome.*arice

(X)

twobread

(X)19/49

可数名词和不可数名词都能够用单位+of+名词表示量，但单位后面可数名词用复数，不可数名词形式不变

*abagof

apples*apieceof

paper*threeglassesof

orange巩固练习:(1)一茶杯茶（2）一碗饭（3）两千克肉（4）五瓶橘汁（5）一双鞋（6）许多瓶牛奶20/49

4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不一样

glass(玻璃)–aglass(玻璃杯)work(工作)–awork(著作)

time(时间)–times(次数)21/491.Pleasegiveme______paper.

A.oneB.apieces C.apiece D.apieceof2.Thistableismadeof_______.A.manyglassB.someglassesC.glassesD.glass3.—WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?—I'dliketwo_________.A.bottleofmilkB.bottlesofmilksC.bottlesofmilkD.bottleofmilks4.Wecandotheworkbetterwith______moneyand________people.A.less,fewerB.fewer,lessC.little,littleD.few,few

DDCA22/49主谓一致当people,class,family,team,group,public,police等集体名词做主语时，假如看成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个详细组员时，就用复数。e.gTheclassare

waitingforher.Tom’sfamily_____ratherbig.Tom’sfamily_________filmfans.is

are2.news,maths,politics表示单数意义，动词用单数。e.gThenewsmakesherveryhappy.Maths___noteasyforhim.

is23/49

专有名词：1.表示人名如：JimKateLiLeiMissGao2.表示地名:如:ChinaUSAEnglandBeijing3.表示星期、月份等时间概念名称，如：

SundayMondayTuesdayJanuaryFebruary4.表示中外节日：国际性节日:NewYearMayDayChildren’sDayWomen’sDay

中国节日:SpringFestivalMid-autumnDayNationalDay

西方节日:ChristmasDayEaster(复活节）Father’sDayMother’sDaySaintValentine’sDay(情人节)5.机构或一些社会团体名称，它们往往缩写,如:

CCTVWTOPLAPRCUFOBBCSOS

NBAIQEQPERMBVIP

24/49名词作用使用方法例句作主语English

isuseful.作定语(普通用单数形式）papertigers纸老虎girlstudents女生作及物动词或介词宾语ShelearnsChinesehardeveryday.作表语Tomismybestfriend.作宾语补足语Theyconsidertheboymonitor.作同位语Theteacherlookedafterusstudentswell.作称呼语Ladiesandgentlemen,mayIhaveyourattentionplease?25/49名词全部格表示名词间所相关系“…”一.名词全部格组成方法

1.普通情况下，在有生命名词后加“’s”

Kangkang’sfatherLucy’sbook2.以s结尾复数名词,则在s后加“’”即可

Teachers’officeTheGreens’house26/49

3.不以s结尾复数名词全部格,仍按通例加“’s”

*Children’sDay*men’sshoes

4.无生命名词所相关系用of加名词，组成所属关系短语

*thecolorofthewall*apictureofthe

classroom27/495.假如事物为2人或2人以上共同全部，在最终一个名词后加-’s;

珍妮和海伦房间

JennyandHelen’sroom6.假如事物不是2人或2人共同全部，而是分别有,则在2个名词后都加-’s

珍妮房间和海伦房间Jenny’sandHelen’srooms28/497.

有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体等无生命东西，也能够加–’s组成全部格2小时旅程北京最好公园今日报纸twohours’walk=two-hourwalkBeijing’sbestparktoday’snewspaper

atmyuncle’s=atmyuncle’shomeatatailor’s=atatailor’sshop9.表示类别名词作定语，不用全部格asilkhatcottonclothacoffeecup8.

表示某人家、店铺、诊所时，常省略全部格后面名词twomonths’vacationamile’sdistance29/491广东省会2教室门3我父亲一个朋友4他两个弟兄5爱迪生一些创造6他弟弟一张照片(照片属于他弟弟)7他弟弟一张照片(照片里人是他弟弟)thecapitalofGuangdongthedoorsoftheclassroomafriendofmyfather’stwobrothersofhissomeinventionsofEdison’sapictureofhisbrother’sapictureofhisbrother名词全部格Practice30/491.June1stis____Day.AlltheChildrenenjoyitverymuch.A.ChildrenB.Childrens’C.Children’sD.Child2.Thetwobedroomarethe____.A.twinsB.twin’sC.twins’D.twinsCC重难点突破31/493.Lucyis____sister.A.MaryandJackB.Mary’sandJack’sC.MaryandJacksD.MaryandJack’sD32/494.It’s____fromourschooltomyhome.tenminutes’walktenminute’swalkC.tenminutewalkD.tenminuteswalkA33/49★名词使用方法

1.修饰另一名词时,普通用单数*Therearethree

banana

treesoverthere.

2.manwoman用做定语时,应与后面名词保持数一致

*Weneed

amanteacher.*Theyareall

womenworkers.3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式*a

sports

star

*a

clothes

shop34/49重难点突破小组讨论以下练习答案并说明其原因Ourhospitalneedstwo___doctors,Mrs.Li.Youcanaskyoursontohaveatry.A.womenB.manC.womanD.menD35/491.Themodelplanewasmadebya____boy.A.ten-years-oldB.ten-year-olderC.ten-year-oldD.ten-yearold重难点突破C36/492WhereisTom?---Hehasgonetothe_____.A.teacherB.teachersC.teacher’sD.teachers’重难点突破D37/49★名词全部格几个注意点可用名词全部格表示地点,地点名词习惯上省略

*myaunt’s

(home）(我姑姑家）

*

gototheteachers’

(office）

(去老师办公室）

尤其记忆以下用to表示全部格：thekey

to

the

lock/doorthe

key/answer

to

the

question38/491.Couldyoupleasegetmesome________?I’mhungry. A.apple B.water C.bread D.egg2.Somethingiswrongwithmy___.Ican’tseeanythingaroundme.A.noseB.earsC.eyesD.mouth3.Mr.Whitehasabeautifulgardenwithmany______init.A.flowersB.grassC.villagesD.waterCCA39/494.---Howfarisyourcousin’shomefromhere?---It’sabouttwo______drive.hour’sB.hoursC.hours’D.hour5.YaoMingdidagoodjobinthebasketballmatchyesterday.Heismyfavorite______A.worker B.teacher C.dancer D.playerCD40/496.Allthe______teachersenjoyedthemselvesonMarch8th，becauseitwastheirownholiday.A．manB.menC.womanD.women7.Tenhours____(be)noteoughforustodoit.Dis41/49考点四常考名词词义辨析1workjob工作，多指体力或脑力努力或活动不可数名词工作零工，多指为换取酬劳进行日常活动可数名词我也喜欢花园，但我不喜欢艰辛劳动。Ilikegardenstoo,butIdon’tlikehardwork.她正在找工作。Sheislookingforajob.42/49考点四常考名词词义辨析