2022-2023学年河北省部分学校高三年级上册期末英语试卷

2022-2023学年河北省部分学校高三（上）期末英语试卷

题号一二三四五总分

得分

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干

净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷（选择题）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

Shakespeare'swritingshapedourmodernlanguage,buthowdidhisplaysdescribethelandscapeof15th-and

16th-centuryBritain?Thisguidewilltakeyouonaminitourofthepoet'sfavoredlocations.

PontefractCastle,Yorkshire

Initsprime,PontefractCastlewasoneofthemostpowerfulforts（堡垒）inEurope,terror.Inearfulreputationwas

oncesostrongthatthepoetusedittosuggestpowerandterror.InRichardII,IILNowactistheterriblesceneofthe

king'smurderandthreemenarecondemnedtodeathatthecastleinRichardIII.Now,Pontefractistheperfect

destinationforafearfulyetfascinatingdayout.

SandalCastle,WestYorkshire

Firstbuiltfromwoodinthe12thcentury,bythe13thcenturySandalCastlehadbecomeanimpressivestonefbrts.In

the15thcentury,thecastlefounditselfatthecentreofalongandbloodybattle.ltwasthisconflictthatinspired

Shakespeare'sHenryVI.Thesiteofthebattlefieldisnowapeacefulfarmandallthatremainsoftheoncegrand

castlearebrokenwalls.

DunsinaneHill,Perthshire

AcastlebuiltatopDunsinaneHillinScotlandisoneofthedramaticbackdropstotheblood-soakedhorrorof

Shakespeare'sshortesttragedy,Macbeth.Today,thehillhastheremainsoftwoforts,oneofwhichisthesiteon

whichtherealMacbethsufferedamilitarydefeatin1054.

ForestofArden,Warwickshire

SituatedinShakespeare^homecountyofWarwickshire,Ardenwasonceaheavilywoodedareaandprovidesthe

complexsettingforthepoet*spastoralcomedy.Visitorscanenjoysever-alpicturesquewalksaroundtheyoung

forest,whichisnowhometooveramillionnewtrees.

1.WhatdidShakespeareusePontefractCastletostandfor?

A.Hopeandanger.B.Lifeanddeath.

C.Powerandfear.D.Pastandhistory.

2.WhatisShakespeare'sinspirationforHenryVI?

A.ThesurroundingsofSandalCastle.

B.AlongbattlehappeningatSandalCastle.

C.TheimpressivebuildingsofSandalCastle.

D.Shakespeare'spreferenceforSandalCastle.

3.WherewasShakespeareborn?

A.InYorkshire.B.InWestYorkshire.

C.InPerthshire.D.InWarwickshire.

B

NormaNewcombehasbeenanursefornearly60years.ShestartedhercareeratahospitalforbabiesinAugust1958,

butshehasnoplanstoretire.

ShehasworkedwithWrightington,WiganandLeighTeachingHospitalsNHSFoundationTrustfor40years.She

hasbeenafull-timeschoolnursesince1973.Apartfromtakinganeight-yearbreakfromhercareertohavehertwo

childrenin1965,thededicatednursehasspentnearly60yearsworkinginherrole.

ModestNormadescribesherselfasaschoolnursewhojustdoesherjob.Shesaid,"I'mproudtobewhereIamand

I'mverypassionateaboutthelocalareaandeverythingrelatedtotheschoolnursing.Wehavebrilliantteamleaders

andIworkwithabrilliantteamofschoolnursesandhealthvisitors.FmjusthappywithwhatIamandwhereIam."

DuringtheCOVID-19pandemic,Normahadtoworkfromhomeduetohavingaweakenedimmunesystem（免

疫系统）.Normasaidthatshelikedpeopleratherthanmachines.Shethoughtshecouldstillwritequickerthanshe

couldtype.Obviously,thingshavetoprogress,butthereisnotthesamepersonalcontact.Despitehittingthe

milestone,Normahasnoplanstoslowdown.

Norma'scolleaguessurprisedherwithapartyatherworkplace,whereshewasgiftedflowersandjewellery.Rabina

Tindale,chiefnurseinthehospital,said,nWeareextremelyproudtohaveNormaaspartofourteamandaccess

tohersignificantexperienceandwisdom.Sheholdsaveryspecialplaceintheheartsofthechildrenandfamilies

thatshehashelpedovertheyears.Wehopeshehasanamazingdaytocelebrateherbirthdaywithhercolleagues."

4.HowlonghasNormabeenafull-timeschoolnursetill2022?

A.65years.B.60years.C.49years.D.41years.

5.WhatdoesNormalwordsshow?

A.Herwishforthefuture.

B.Herlovefornursingwork.

C.Thesupportfromthelocalarea.

D.Thereasonwhysheworksasanurse.

6.WhydidNormahavetoworkathomeduringtheCOVID-19pandemic?

A.Herimmunesystemwasweak.

B.Shewastoooldtotraveltowork.

C.Thenursingschoolwascloseddown.

D.Itwasdifficultforhertoliveintheschool.

7.WhichwordcanbestdescribeNorma?

A.Creative.B.Respectable.C.Stubborn.D.Funny.

c

Fossilsarewellpreservedremains,impressions,ortraces（痕迹）ofanimalsandplantsthatlivedlong

ago.Paleontologists（古生物学家）dividefossilsintotwomaingroups.Somefossils,calledbodyfossils,showthe

structureoftheplantortheanimal.Theyformdirectlyfromtheremainsofplantsandanimals.Otherfossils,called

tracefossils.Theyrecordsignsofanimalorplantactivities,suchaswalking,feeding,scratching,orevenresting.

Mostanimalsandplantsdon'tbecomefossilsaftertheydie.Theybreakdownintolittlebitsormaybeeatenbyother

animals.Butsomeremainsgetburiedtoofast,avoidingthosethingshappening.Ananimalmightdienearabodyof

waterandsinktothebottom,whereitsremainsgetcoveredinsediment（沉积物）.Assedimentbuildsup,

mineral-richwatertheremains,leavingmineralsinthetinyspacesofthebonesandevenreplacingtheoriginal

bones.ThenewmineralsreactwiththoseintheanimaFsremainsandthenhardenintofossils.

MostfossilsareburieddeepintheEarth.AstheEarth'ssurfacechanges,scientistscandigupnewfossilsandlearn

moreaboutpastlifeandtheEarth'shistory.Inrockthatformedbeforeacertaintime,roughly2.8millionyearsago,

scientistswillnotfindhumanfossils.

FossilsareourkeystounderstandingprehistoriclifeandtheEarth'shistory.Bystudyingfossils,welearnabouta

greatvarietyofplantsandanimalsthatlivedinthepast.Wecanknowwhattheylookedlike,howandwherethey

movedandwhattheyate.Bycomparingfossilsfromdifferenttimeperiods,wecantracktheevolutionofaspecies,

seehowitadaptedtochangesinitsenvironment,andunderstandmoreabouttheclimateandenvironmentwherethe

fossilswereburied.

8.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?

A.Fossilsareremainsofplantsandanimals.

B.Tracefossilsonlytellustheactivitiesofanimals.

C.Tracefossilsformdirectlyfromtheremainsofcreatures.

D.Bodyfossilsshowalmosttheoriginalstructureofcreatures.

9.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph2?

A.Wherewecanfindfossils.

B.Howanimalsandplantsbecomefossils.

C.Differentfossilshavedifferentfeatures.

D.Whichmethodsareusedtostudyfossils.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"seepsinto"inparagraph2mean?

A.Engagesin.B.Succeedsin.C.Delightsin.D.Sinksin.

11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheresearchoffossils?

A.Ridiculous.B.Complex.C.Significant.D.Inspiring.

D

You'veprobablyheardthephrase,"Laughteristhebestmedicine.nComedyonReferralhastakenthatideaand

runwithit,usingstandupcomedytohelptreatpeoplestrugglingwithtrauma（精神仓U伤）andanxietyin

partnershipwiththeNationalHealthService（NHS）.

TheideacamefromcomedianAngieBelcher'sexperiencesteachingcomedyatUniversityofBristol.Shefoundthat

studentsoftentoldherhowmuchstrongerandmoreresilient（有适应力的）theywerethankstostandupcomedy.

Inspired,sheteamedupwiththeNHSinBristoltocreateasix-weekcomedycourseforpatientsstrugglingwith

traumainJanuary2022.Followingthesuccessofthisinitialcourse,ComedyonReferralwonNHSfundingtohelp

menwithtraumainLondon.

Belchersaid，"Pasttraumasareperfectforcomedy.Comedydoesn'tcomefromthehappy，perfectmomentsofyour

life,butfromoureverydaystrugglesandmajorlifeevents.Peoplewho'vebeenthroughbiglifeexperiencessuchas

losingalovedoneandillhealthoftencan*twaittotellmetheirstories,mostlybecausethere'salwayssomething

especiallyfunnyaboutthesituation."

Researchhasshownthatlaughterhaspositivepsychologicaleffects，suchasdecreasinglevelsofcortisol-thestress

hormone-andincreasingendorphins（内啡肽）.Itcanevenhavephysiologicalbenefits,althoughlessresearchhas

beendoneinthisarea.Currentresearchhaslinkedlaughterandhumourwithincreasedlevelsofpaintoleranceas

wellasshort-termcardiovascularbenefits.Moreresearchisneededtoprovethesefindings.

Nonetheless,thementalhealthbenefitsofregularlaughterarewidelyaccepted,andusingcomedytotreatmental

healthstrugglescouldbearealbreakthroughinthetreatmentofmentalhealth.

12.Whyisthephrasementionedinparagraph1?

A.Tostresstheimportanceoflaugh.

B.Toexplaintheharmtraumacauses.

C.Toshowtheeffectofstandupcomedy.

D.TostatetheideabehindComedyonReferral.

13.Howwasthefirstsix-weekcomedycourseforpatients?

A.Effective.B.Ambiguous.C.Controversial.D.Fruitless.

14.WhatmaycontributetoacomedyaccordingtoBelcher?

A.Strugglingmoments.B.Funnymoments.

C.Happymoments.D.Successfulmoments.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Laughwillcureyouofalldiseases

B.Anxietycanalsomakeyoufeelbetter

C.Laughterisusefultopeople'smentalhealth

D.Comedyisonethingthatcanmakeyoustruggle

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）

Awake?HereIsHowtoReturntoSleep

Itisusualforpeopletowakeupafewtimesduringthenight.Olderpeopleoftengetuptogotothe

bathroom.Wakingatnightusuallyisnotaproblem.

Butwhataboutsomeotherpeople?Ifithappensafewtimesaweek,theremaybeatroublesome

reason.（1）.Suchsleepdifficultiesarecalledinsomnia（失眠）.

Youmaywakeup,lookattheclockandworryaboutyourwork.Theremaybestressfulthingsonyourmind.These

feelingsmayactivate（激活）astresshormoneinyourbody.Ifyouworrythatyoucan'tsleep,itmaymakeitharder

tofallasleep.

（2）.Ifyouareawake25minutesormore,getoutofbedanddosomethingquiet.Gentlestretchesorbreathing

exercisesmighthelp.Meditationalsomaywork.Youmaysitonacouchandreadabookormagazineindim

light.Donotreadonasmartphoneoratabletinthedarkplace.

⑶,Coffeecanstayinyourdigestivesystemwellintotheevening.Besides,nap(〃、睡)lowersyourdriveto

fallasleepintheevening.Avoidnappinglateintheday.⑷

Trytokeeptoaroutinescheduleforsleep.Thereisaproblemwhenyougotobedandwakeupatdifferent

times.Studieshaveshownthatirregularbedtimesmayleadtoinsomnia.⑸,calledcircadianrhythms(昼夜节

律).Theyworkon24-hourcycles.

Ifyougetupduringthenighttogotothebathroom,limithowmuchwaterorliquidyoudrinkafewhoursbefore

bedtime.

A.Dosomethinghelpful

B.Trytoavoidearlynaps

C.Avoidcoffeeafter2pm

D.Napnolaterthanearlyafternoon

E.Theproblemhastodowiththesleepcycleofyourbody

F.Herearesomereasonsforthedifficultiesinyoursleeping

G.Stressandanxietyaresomereasonsforpeoplewhohavesleepdifficulties

16.?A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

17.?A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

18.?A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

19.?A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

20.?A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.F

G.G

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)

AsGwenEricksonapproached97,shebeganraisingoneofAmerica'smostpopular,yetendangered

butterflies—themonarchbutterfly(帝王蝶).Shemanagedto(21)27butterflieslastyearandthisyearthe(22)has

goneupto61.

Thewholeprocessisalittle(23),beginningwithcollectingeggsfromthemilkweedleavesthatgrowinher

backyard.FourdaysafterEricksonplacedtheeggsinjarsonherlivingroomtable,thecaterpillar(毛毛虫)

appeared,andthen,withinseveralweeks,formedachrysalis(蛹).Twoweekslaterthebeautifulbutteiflies

(24).Ericksonthenreleasedthebutterfliesintothewild,butacoupleseemedalittle(25)toleavetheirlovinghome

and(26)theseniorbyflyingaroundthehouse.

Ericksonrememberedherfirstattempttoraise(27)andsaidshehopeditcouldenablehergrandchildrento(28)an

interestinthesebeautifulinsects.However,it'sshewhohasfoundthe(29)inraisingbutterfliesintheend.

Ericksondoesn'tliketotalkaboutherselfandwhatshedoes,butshedoessothistimeasshewantsto(30)othersto

careforthisendangeredspecies.Happily,afriendandhersonhavejoinedherinhernew-found⑶).Hopefully,

wewillseea(n)(32)inthosedecreasingnumbers.

Thisnew(33)isafineexampleofpeoplecaringforthesmallerthingsinlife.lt(34)usthatit'snevertoolatetobe

(35)inlife.

21.?A.stealB.donateC.keepD.photograph

22.?A.numberB.sizeC.rangeD.variety

23.?A.money-savingB.labor-demanding

C.energy-efficientD.time-consuming

24.?A.spedupB.turnedupC.wokeupD.grewup

25.?A.impatientB.delightedC.surprisedD.unwilling

26.?A.accompaniedB.attendedC.greetedD.impressed

27.?A.fliesB.pestsC.butterfliesD.bees

28.?A.regainB.developC.removeD.express

29.?A.decorationB.fossilC.herbD.pleasure

30.?A.allowB.encourageC.arrangeD.invite

31.?A.passionB.exitC.speciesD.fiction

32.?A.opportunityB.resultC.changeD.inspiration

33.?A.hobbyB.versionC.rumourD.exercise

34.?A.promisesB.remindsC.upsetsD.strengthens

35.?A.politeB.generousC.optimisticD.purposeful

第H卷（非选择题）

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

36.Outdoorexerciseprovidesalotofbenefitsbeyondthoseseenwith⑴(tradition)indoorworkouts.lt

soundsabitfantastic,(2)it'strue.

Onesimpleexample：Exercisingoutdoorsincreasesourexposure(3)sunlight,improvingvitaminD

production，(4)hasbeenlinkedtoimprovingmood，promotingbonehealth,andboostingimmunesystem

function.Exercisingoutdoors⑸(make)youhappy.Beinginnaturecanimprovefeelingsofwell-beingand

lifesatisfaction.Infact,simplybeingoutsideandbreathingfreshairhasbeenshowntoreducestressand

enhancerelaxation.

Exercising,particularlyoutdoors,driveshugementalhealthbenefits,rangingfromreducingdepressionand

anxietyto⑹(enhance)self-esteem(自尊心、)andmood.Combinethatwiththephysiologicalbenefits

ofexercise,andyoucanmake⑺(you)seegreaterlevelsofjoyinyourlife.

Being⑻(physical)activeinanenvironmentwithchanginglandformsforcesyourbodytoworkhard(9)

(sustain)themovementandyourmindtostayfocusedtoconstant-lyadaptandavoidinjury.Thinkabout

walkingonyourtreadmill(跑步机)athomeorinthegymcomparedtohikingonatrailwith(10)(rock)

androotstocrossandconstantchangesinelevationtopushyourcardiovascular(心血管的)system.

Takeofftheburdenandhaveanoutdoorexercise,anditwillbringmanybenefitstoyourworkorschoollife.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)

37.假定你是你校音乐社团的宣传部部长,请你用英语写一则音乐社团的招新通知并张贴到学校国际

部，内容包括：

(1)招新的目的；

(2)社团活动介绍；

(3)报名方式。

注意：

(4)写作词数应为80左右；

(5)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Notice

Themusicsociety

38.Everysingleoneofushasadifferentstory.ltiseasytojudgeothersbasedonwhatwewitnessforabrief

amountoftime,butthisisnotwhatweshoulddo.

AndreOwenisapolicemanwhoworksfortheSussexPolice.Heisakind-heartedyoungofficer.Heisalways

workinghardanddevoteshimselftohisduty.Andononeparticularday,hisshift(轮班)wrasprovingtobe

oneofthetoughdays.Thatday,hestartedtoworkataround?：05am.Itwassuchanearlystartforhisdutythat

hehadnotimeforbreakfast.Hewascalledtoaseriousincidentshortlyafterhebegantobeonduty.The

incidentwasinBrighton,whichmeanthehadtogotoOxfordtotakecareofthematter.ltwasalongdrive

there,whichtookhimabouttwohourstogetthere.Thematterwasveryhardtodealwith,buthemanagedto

settleitsuccessfully.

AfterhisvisittoOxford,AndreOwendrovehiswayback,onlytofindanotherincidentdowntheroad.The

accidentinvolvedafamilywhoneededhelp,butthetrafficwassocrowd-edthattheycouldn'tgetthrough.As

aresult,theofficerhadtostoptraffictogetthemtosafety.Attheendofit,hehad45minutesleftinhisshift

buthestillhadtodrivebackfortwomorehours.

Itwassuchadifficultdayandhealmostdidnotgettohavetimetoeat.Atlunchtime,hefinallyhadan

opportunitytogetfood,sohewenttothenearestfastfoodrestauranttobuyhimselflunch.Justlikeanyother

customersthere,thepolicemanwaspatientlywaitingforhisfoodtoarrive.Aladyeatingherownfood,kept

staringathimwhilehewaswaiting.

注意：

(1)续写词数应为150左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Itwasatthatmomentthatthewomandecidedtocomeuptohimtosaysomething.

However,OwendecidedtosharesomethingontheInternet.

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、B、D

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Initsprime,PontefractCastlewasoneofthemostpowerfulforts（堡

垒）inEurope,butitsfearfulreputationwasoncesostrongthatthepoetusedittosuggestpowerandterror.（在

其鼎盛时期，庞特弗拉克特城堡是欧洲最强大的堡垒之一，但它可怕的名声曾经如此强大，以至于诗人用

它来暗示权力和恐怖。）可知，莎士比亚用庞特弗拉特城堡来代表权力和恐惧。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Inthe15thcentury,thecastlefounditselfatthecentreofalongandbloodybattle.lt

wasthisconflictthatinspiredShakespeare's"enryV7.（在15世纪，这座城堡发现自己正处于一场漫长而血腥

的战斗的中心。正是这种冲突启发了莎士比亚的《亨利六世》。）可知，莎士比亚对亨利六世的灵感来自

桑达尔城堡发生了一场漫长的战斗。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一^4SituatedinShakespeare'shomecountyofWarwickshire,Ardenwasoncea

heavilywoodedareaandprovidesthecomplexsettingforthepoet'spastoralcomedy.（雅顿位于莎士比亚的家乡

沃里克郡，曾经是一片茂密的树林，为这位诗人的田园喜剧提供了复杂的背景。）可知，莎士比亚出生在

Warwickshireo故选D。

本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个与莎士比亚的经典剧作有关的风景名胜。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的

趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生

首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】C、B、A、B

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据,第二段中的Shehasbeenafull-timeschoolnursesince1973.（自1973年以

来，她一直是一名全职的学校护士。）可知，Norma从1973年起担任学校的专职护士，所以Norma做了

49年学校的专职护士。故选C。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中NormaWiSI'mproudtobewhereIamandI'mverypassionateaboutthelocal

areaandeverylhingrelatedtoIheschoolnursing.（我很自豪能做到这一点，我对当地和与学校护理相关的一

切都充满热情。）以及I'mjusthappywithwhatIamandwhereIam.（我只是对我现在的样子和我现在的位

置感到满意。）可知，她热爱她的工作。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段DuringtheCOVID-19pandemic,Normahadtoworkfromhomeduetohaving

aweakenedimmunesystem（免疫系统）.（在COVID-19大流行期间，由于诺玛的免疫系统薄弱，诺玛不

得不在家工作。）可知，因为她的免疫力差，所以疫情期间她不得不在家工作。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段RabinaTindale的话WeareextremelyproudtohaveNormaaspartofourteam

andaccesstohersignificantexperienceandwisdom.Sheholdsaveryspecialplaceintheheartsofthechildrenand

familiesthatshehashelpedovertheyears.（我们非常自豪诺玛能成先我们团队的一员，并获得她的重要经验

和智慧。她在多年来帮助的孩子和家庭心中占据着非常特殊的地位。）可知，她认为Norma是值得尊敬的。

故选B。

本文是一篇记叙文。一位年迈的英国护士仍然坚持工作并且拒绝退休。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的

趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生

首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8~11.【答案】D、B、D、C

［解析］（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Somefossils,calledbodyfossils,showthestructureoftheplantorthe

animal.（一些化石，被称为身体化石，显示了植物或动物的结构。）可知，实体化石能够呈现动植物的结

构。故选D项。

（2）段落大意题。根据第二段Mostanimalsandplantsdon'tbecomefossilsaftertheydie.Theybreakdowninto

litebilsormaybeeatenbyotheranimals.（大多数动植物在它们死后不会变成化石。它们会分解成碎片，也

可能被其他动物吃掉。）以及尾句Thenewmineralsreactwiththoseintheanimal'sremainsandthenhardeninto

fossils.（这些新的矿物质与动物遗骸中的矿物质发生反应，然后硬化成化石。）可知，该段主要介绍了化

石的形成过程。故选B项。

（3）词句猜测题。分析句子结构可知，划线短语后半句leavingmineralsinthetinyspacesofthebonesandeven

replacingtheoriginalbones（在骨骼的微小空间中留下矿物质，甚至取代了原来的骨骼。）为现在分词短语

作结果状语，在骨头的微小空间中留下矿物质是划线单词产生的结果，由此可推断划线短语所在句子

As?sediment?builds?up,mineral-rich?water?????????the?remains,

leaving?minerals?in?the?tiny?spaces?of?the?bones?and?even?replacing?the?original?bones.的意思是：随着沉积

物的堆积，富含矿物质的水渗透到遗骸中，在骨骼的微小空间中留下矿物质，甚至取代了原始骨骼。因此

划线单词的意思是“渗入”的意思，只有先渗入遗骸，才会导致骨头的微小空间中留下矿物质。A.Engages?in.

从事；B.Succeeds?in.成功；C.Delights?in.高兴；D.Sinks?in.下沉，渗入。故选D项。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段FossilsareourkeystounderstandingprehistoriclifeandtheEarth'shistory.

（化石是我们理解史前生命和地球历史的关键。）以及尾句Bycomparingfossilsfromdifferenttimeperiods,

wecantracktheevolutionofaspecies,seehowitadaptedtochangesinitsenvironment,andunderstandmoreabout

theclimateandenvironmentwherethefossilswereburied.（通过比较来自不同时期的化石，我们可以追踪一

个物种的进化，了解它如何适应环境的变化，并更多地了解化石所在的气候和环境。）可知，作者认为研

究化石是有重大意义的。故选C项。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了化石的形成和作用。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的

趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生

首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12~15.【答案】D、A、A、C

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一UComedyonReferralhastakenthatideaandrunwithit,usingstandup

comedytohelptreatpeoplestrugglingwithtrauma（精神创伤）andanxietyinpartnershipwiththeNational

HealthService（NHS）.（《转诊喜剧》采纳了这个想法，并与国家健康服务体系（NHS）合作，使用单

口喜剧来帮助治疗与创伤（精神创伤）和焦虑作斗争的人。）可知，第1段提到这个短语是为了陈述《推

荐喜剧》背后的想法。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Followingthesuccessofthisinitialcourse,ComedyonReferralwonNHSfunding

tohelpmenwithtraumainLondon.（在最初的课程取得成功之后，《转诊喜剧》获得了NHS的资助，以帮

助伦敦的创伤男性。）可知，第一个为期六周的患者喜剧课程非常有效。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Comedydoesn'tcomefromthehappy,perfectmomentsofyourlife,butfromour

everydaystrugglesandmajorlifeevents.（喜剧不是来自你生活亩快亲、完美的时刻，而是来自我们日常的

挣扎和重大的生活事件。）可知，Belcher认为，过去的创伤是喜剧的完美素材。故选A。

（4）标题归纳题。根据最后——段Nonetheless,thementalhealthbenefitsofregularlaughterarewidelyaccepted,

andusingcomedytotreatmentalhealthstrugglescouldbearealbreakthroughinthetreatmentofmentalhealth.

（尽管如此，经常笑的心理健康益处已被广泛接受，而使用喜剧来治疗心理健康斗争可能是治疗心理健康

的一个真正的突破。）可知，本文主要讲述的是大笑对于治疗精神和心理健康是有用的。所以

"C.Laughter?is?useful?to?people's?mental?health"为最佳标题。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。《转诊喜剧》项目利用“笑是最好的药”这一思想，与英国国民医疗服务体系（NHS）

合作，利用单口喜剧帮助治疗那些与精神创伤和焦虑作斗争的人。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的

趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生

首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

16~20.【答案】G、A、C、D、E

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句If?it?happens?a?few?times?a?week,there?may?be?a?troublesome?reason

（如果一周发生几次，可能会有一个造成这种麻烦的原因），可知表示”压力和焦虑是导致睡眠困难的一

些原因"的选项G符合前后的语境，a?lroublesome?reason和Stress?and?anxiety是关键词，故选G。

（2）主题判断题。根据后文If?you?are?awake?25?minutes?or?more,

get?out?of?bed?and?do?something?quiet.Gentle?stretches?or?breathing?exercises?might?help（如果你醒了25

分钟或更长时间，起床做一些安静的事情。轻柔的拉伸或呼吸练习可能会有所帮助），可知表示“做些有

帮助的事”的选项A符合本段的主题，get?out?of?bed?and?do?something?quiet和

Gentle?stretches?or?breathing?exercises是关键词，故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据后句Coffee?can?stay?in?your?digestive?system?weH?into?the?evening（咖啡可以在

你的消化系统中保持到晚上），可知表示"下午2点后不要喝咖啡”的选项C符合前后的语境，

stay?in?your?digestive?system?well?into?the?evening和after?2?pm是关键词，故选C。

(4)推理判断题。根据前句Avoid?napping?late?in?lhe?day(避免在白天的晚些时候打盹)，可知表示"小

睡需要不迟于下午早些时候”的选项D符合前后的语境，late?in?the?day和no?later?than?early?afternoon是

关键词，故选D。

(5)推理判断题。根据前句

There?is?a?problem?when?you?go?to?bed?and?wake?up?at?different?times.Studies?have?shown?that?irregular?

bedtimes?may?lead?to?insomnia(研究表明，不规律而睡眠时间可能会导致失眠)；以及后文

called?circadian?rhythms(昼夜节律).They?work?on?24-hour?cycles(称为昼夜节律。它们每24小时一循

环)，可知表示”这个问题与你身体的睡眠周期有关”的选项E符合前后的语境，a?problem和

circadian?rhythms是关键词，故选E。

本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了在半夜醒来能够再次进入睡眠的方法。

这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充

分考虑信息词(选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词)，选出最符合语境的句子。

21~35.【答案】C、A、D、B、D、A、C、B、D、B、A、C、A、B、D

【解析】(1)考查动词及语境理解。A.steal偷；B.donate捐赠；C.keep饲养；D.photograph拍照。句意：

去年她设法养了27只蝴蝶，今年增加到61只。根据上文中的"shebeganraisingoneofAmericasmostpopular,

yetendangeredbutterflies—themonarchbutterfly(帝王蝶)."可知，此处指的是饲养帝王蝶。故选C项。

(2)考查名词及语境理解。A.number数量；B.size尺寸；C.range范围；D