Unit1WishyouwerehereGrammarandusage课件高中英语译林版（2020）选择性

U1WishyouwerehereGrammarandusage1.定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句2.先行词：被修饰的名词或代词一、定语从句的相关概念TherewasanearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanin1976.3.引导定语从句的关系词：关系代词：关系副词：when,where,whywho,whom,whose,which,that定语从句的相关概念4、关系词的功能:

1)连接主句与从句

2)指代先行词3)在从句中充当成分Classteacherischarming.Classteacher

whoisspyingonusoutsidetheclassroomischarming.Classteacherisspyingonusoutsidetheclassroom.先行词关系代词Ourclassroomisaplace.Ourclassroomisaplace

wherewestudy.Westudyintheclassroom.先行词关系副词1.先看先行词2，再看引导词在从句中充当什么成分。解决定语从句的思维二、关系代词（who,whom,which,that,whose）的指代关系指人指物在定语从句中的作用whowhomwhichthatwhose√√√√√√√主语

宾语宾语主语

宾语主语

宾语定语关系副词（where,when,why）的指代关系指地点指原因指时间在定语从句中的作用√√时间状语地点状语介词+whichwherewhenwhy原因状语√Let'spracticeReady?Go!1.Thisisthehouse______helivedlastyear.wherewherethat/whichSorry,youarewrong!ç2.Thisisthehouse______hevisitedlastyear.that/whichSorry,youarewrong!wherethat/which3.I'llneverforgettheday______Imetyou.whenwhenthat/whichSorry,youarewrong!4.Thisisthereason______hewentthere.whywhythat/whichSorry,youarewrong!1.Theman_________cametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Achild_______parentsaredoctorsiscalledTom.

3.Ilikethepersonto_________youjusttalked.4.Istillremembertheday

Ifirstcamehere.5.Thefactory

hisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.

6.Thatisthereason

Ididthejob.who/thatwhosewhomRevisionwhenwherewhyWiththedevelopmentoftourism,itbringsaboutmanymeritsaswellasdemerits.Readandfindouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftourism.AdvantagesTourismallowsserviceindustriesto_________________,thusgivingjobsto___________________,andbringingmorewealthto____________________________.DisadvantagesTouristdestinationsmaybeatrisk______________________,withwildlifehabitats__________andthelocalculture___________________________.growconsistentlythelocalpopulationthesurroundingcommunityphysicallyandculturallysufferingreceivinginsufficientrespectWhatshouldwepayattentiontowhentraveling?Beresponsibletouristsandreducethenegativeimpact!社区的命脉服务行业持续增长依次，轮流；反过来繁荣的产业称心如意的境遇观光胜地和谐相处

UsefulExpressionsthelifebloodofthecommunitiesserviceindustriesgrowconsistentlyinturnboomingbusinessabedofrosestouristattractionsliveinharmony(with)野生物栖息地土地的自然特性处于危险中使…...受到伤害失去对的尊重旨在未来许多代人UsefulExpressionswildlifehabitatsphysicalcharacteristicsofthelandatriskput...inharm’swaythelossofrespectfor...aimtomanyfuturegenerationsFindthesentenceswithnon-restrictiverelativeclausesinthearticleandfillintheboxofpartAonpage6.Theseindustries,inturn,givejobstothelocalpopulation,whose

welfaredependsontourism.AExploringtherulesTheseindustries,inturn,givejobstothelocalpopulation,whosewelfaredependsontourism.Thepricesoftouristessentialssuchastransport,accommodationandfoodusuallyincreasetoo,whichbringsevenmorewealthtothesurroundingcommunity.Morenature-centredtouristattractions,wheremanandnatureliveinharmony,canbegreatlyimpactedorevendestroyedbythefloodoftourists.Asresourcesareusedmorerapidlythantheycanbesustained,wildlifehabitatsarelikelytosuffer,whichcouldendangerthelocalplantsandanimals.Localfestivalsandcustoms,whichmayhavedeepmeaninginaparticularculture,cansimplybecomeentertainmentfortourists.AExploringtherulesRule1:

Weoftenuseanon-restrictiverelativeclausetoadd_______informationto

theantecedent(anoun,pronounornounphrase)inthemainclauseorthemainclause.A_________isusuallyusedtoseparatetheaddingclauseandthemainclause.extracommaWorkingouttherules1)InthetenprovincesandthreeterritorieswhichmakeupCanada,thereisagreatdiversityingeography.2)TotheeastofthePacificcoastrisethegrandRockyMountains,whicharehometohighpeaksanddeepvalleyscarvedbyiceandwater.非限与主句用逗号隔开，补充说明先行词或主句有逗号，补充说明无逗号，限定Rule2:

Weusuallyintroduceanon-restrictiverelativeclausewitharelativepronounlikewho,whom,whichandwhoseorarelativeadverblikewhenandwhere.Therelativepronounandadverb________(can/cannot)beleftoutinanon-restrictiverelativeclause.Workingouttherules1)Thesetrees，whichIplantedthreeyearsago，werecutbygovernment.2)ThetreesIplantedthreeyearsagowerecutbygovernment.cannot非限制性定语从句中不用that不用why,关系词不可省略Rule3:Wecanuse_________(which/who/where)inanon-restrictiverelativeclausetorefertothemainclauseasawhole.Thepricesoftouristessentialssuchastransport,accommodationandfoodusuallyincreasetoo,whichbringsevenmorewealthtothesurroundingcommunity.Asresourcesareusedmorerapidlythantheycanbesustained,wildlifehabitatsarelikelytosuffer,whichcouldendangerthelocalplantsandanimals.whichWorkingouttherules非限制性定语从句中，可用which指代整个或部分主句(1)Manyyoungpeople,manyof_______werewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.(2)Ihavebeentomanycities,allof_______haveleftadeepimpressiononme.whomRule4:Inanon-restrictiverelativeclause,wecanput“none/some/many/most/allof”beforerelativepronoun“______”or“_______”toindicateapartofthewhole.Workingouttheruleswhichwhomwhich非限中，whom/which前可加none/some/many/most/allof等修饰词表示部分Rule5:

Wecanuse______inanon-restrictiverelativeclausetorefertothemainclauseasawholeandthenon-restrictiverelativeclausecanbeplacedbefore,amongorafterthemainclause.

Asisknowntoall,theMoontravelsaroundtheEarth.2)Heislateagain,asisoftenthecase.3)Thesalesfigure,ashasbeenmentionedabove,hasbeeninadeclinesincelastyear.asWorkingouttherulesas可修饰整个先行主句,可置于句子任意位置,常译为“正如”As

everyoneknows,Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.Sheisagreathero,asisdescribedinthereport.Heinvitedmetodinner,whichmademeveryhappy.Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.关系词as和which的区别？as和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，可代替整个主句,相当于andthis或andthat,且在定语从句中都可以作_____________(句子成分)。as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的位置不同:as引导的定语从句可置于___________________，而which引导的非限制性定语从句不可放在_______________________________。主语和宾语句首、句中、句后句首，只能放在句中、句后

第一组Theoldmanhasason

whoisinthearmy.Theoldmanhasason,whoisinthearmy.A句的意思是：这位老人有个在部队工作的儿子。（隐含的意思：也许还有其他的儿子，在干别的工作）B句的意思：这位老人有一个儿子，在部队工作。（隐含的意义：只有一个儿子）第二组Myyoungerbrother

whois18yearsold

isacollegestudent.Myyoungerbrother,whois18yearsold,

isacollegestudent.A句：我18岁的那个弟弟是大学生。（明确是18岁的那个弟弟，而不是其他的，即有可能还有几个弟弟）B句：我弟弟是大学生，今年18岁。第三组Jimdoesn’tliketoaskquestions

whichmakehisteacherangry.Jimdoesn’tliketoaskquestions,whichmakeshisteacherangry.A.吉姆不喜欢问使老师生气的问题。（which指代questions)B.吉姆不喜欢问问题，这让老师很生气。（which指代Jimdoesn’tliketoaskquestions这个情况）restrictiverelativeclausesnon-restrictiverelativeclause1.Isawtheguywhodelivers

mymailintownyesterday.2.I'llalwaysremembertheriverwherewelearnedto

swim.3.Doyouknowthereasonwhytheskyisblue?4.She'sthepersonwhose

daughtergoestoHarvard.1.Paris,

whereIspentsixmonthsstudying,isthemostbeautifulcityintheworld.2.Thewomandownthestreet,whosechildrenarethesame

ageasyours,invitedusoverfordinnernextweek.3.Themovie,whichismy

favoritecomedyofalltime,isbeingshownonTVtomorrownight.Howrestrictiverelativeclauses

differfromnon-restrictiverelativeclauses?若去掉，句子含义不明确whichguy?whichriver?thereasonforwhat?whichperson?若去掉，不影响句子含义无逗号与主句隔开有逗号与主句隔开限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句作用修饰限定（只可修饰先行词）补充说明（可修饰先行词或主句）形式无逗号与主句隔开有逗号与主句隔开意义去掉后，句意不完整去掉后，句意仍完整关系词作宾语时可省略作宾语时不可省略可用that不能用that可用why用forwhich代替why译法先译定语从句，后译先行词，常译为“...的”可译为并列句“非限定”使用说明书1.从句中所有的关系词都______省略2.从句不能用___________引导3.在“非限定”中,指人的关系代词作宾语时，________________,不能用who替换,也不能省略。4.从句置于句首时,不能用_______引导;而用____引导(as可放主句前,中，也可放主句后)Conclusion不可that/why只能用宾格whomwhichasSharpeyes!以下分别是什么句？Hehasthreesons,noneofwhomisinChangsha.Hehasthreesons,butnoneofthemisinChangsha.Hehasthreesons.NoneofthemisinChangsha.Hehasthreesons,noneofthemisinChangsha.主从句(非限制性定从)并列句病句两个简单句BApplyingtherulesRewritethefollowingsentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.

MyparentswentonatourofJapanwith20people,someofwhomhadneverbeenabroadbefore.

MyfavouriteplacetovisitisalittlevillagenearShanghai,wheremygrandmawasborn.DrLuo,whoisanexpertinChinesehistory,willgiveusatourofBeijing.I’mreadingaguidebooktoRome,whichisreallyfascinatingandhelpful.I’drathervisitEuropeinsummer,whentheweatherisatitsbest.P7B1

Howtobearesponsibleandsustainabletourist?Belowisanarticleabouthowtobeasustainabletourist.Completethearticlewiththecorrectnon-restrictiverelativeclausesintheboxbelow.ThereisoneclauseyoudoNOTneedtouse.Writethelettersintheblanks.P7B1

adcbInpairs,discussmorewaystobeasustainabletourist,usingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.Whenyoutravel,neverbuywildlifeproducts,_______aremadefromanimalskinsorotheranimalparts.whichWhenyoutravel,you’dbetterbuysouvenirsfromthelocalpeople,whomaymakealivingbysellinghandmadeitems.Whenyoutravel,saynotoplasticproducts,whichreducesyourcarbonfootprint.Whenyoutravel,helpthelocalchildrenintherightwayinsomedevelopingcountries,whereyourkindgivingoftenmakesadifference.WaystobeasustainabletouristShewasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.A.whichB.whoC.thisD.what2.Theoldmanhastwosons,_______isasoldier.A.oneofwhomB.bothofthemC.allofwhomD.noneofthem3.I’mgoingtospendmyholidayinBeijing,_____myoldparentslive.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.thereAACPractice一、选择最佳答案1)IliveinNanjing,________isabigcity.2)IlikemyEnglishteacher,_______speaksgoodEnglish.3)Ivisitmygrandparentsattheweekend,________Idonotgotoschool.4)Manypeople,someof

__________arenotoverweight,aregoingonadiet.5)JohntoldmehewouldjointhePoetryClub,_______surprisedmegreatly.6)_____

isknowntoall,theMoontravelsaroundtheEarth.whichwhowhenPractice二、根据句意填关系词whomwhichAsPracticeTheboywasawayfromhomeforaweek,___________________________________(这使他父母很担心).2)Thefirelastedforawholenight,______________________________(这造成了极大的破坏).whichworriedwhichcausedgreatdamagehisparentsverymuchExerciseFilltheblankswithrelativepronounsorrelativeadverbs.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014__________showedamere5to10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,______isnotgoodforthehealth.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,_______sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,_______IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.ButSarah,_______hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygotsweptintoapileofkitchenrubbishandwasspreadoverthegarden,_____itremaineduntilthecarrot’sleafytopaccidentallysprouted(生长)throughit.that/whichwhichwhichwhenwhowhere1.向东耸立着巍峨的洛基山脉，这里有高耸的山峰和被冰川与水流侵蚀而成的深