阅读理解微技能之判断推理（原题版）-2023年高考英语二轮复习讲练测（新高考专用）

A专题12阅读理解微技能之判断推理,

考克帮雷

【恳停导囹】

r-推断隐含意义题

推推断月作意图题

阅

读半」

I推断文章出处或读者对象题

理断

解

题

推断观点态度题

【利新雄理世献技然】

1.细节推断题

要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供

的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判定。考生只有把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，才可以判断

正确答案。

【典题印证】

Otherorganizationssuchasbanksaskcustomerstosignlongcontractstheymaynotreadorunderstand,butMiller

believessocialmediarequiresspecialattentionbecauseitissonew."Westilldon'tknowhowsignificantthelong-term

impactisgoingtobeofunwisethingsthatkidsputonsocialmediathatcomebackandbitethemin20years'timeJhe

says.

AndrewMillerthinkssocialmedianeedsmoreattentionthanbanksmainlybecause・

A.theirusersconsistlargelyofkidsunder20yearsold

B.thelanguageintheircontractsisusuallyhardertounderstand

C.theinformationtheycollectedcouldbecomemorevaluableinfuture

D.itremainsunknownhowusers'datawillbetakenadvantageof

2.文章来源或读者对象类推断题

考生本身要具备一定的常识，把文章的内容与自己所具备的常识结合起来做出正确的判断。如要对报纸、杂志、

网络、小说、童话、广告、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等文章的语言特色，特别是其专用词汇有

基本的了解，根据文章的语言特色和其专用词汇对号入座，快速选出最佳答案。

【典题印证】

EUmembers'stateshaveagreedtobanatoxicsubstancewidelyfoundinclothingbecauseitposesan''acceptable

risk"totheenvironment.Countriesvotedinfavorofextendingexistingrestrictionsonnonylphenolethoxylates(NPE)

toimportsofclothingandothertextileproducts.

Themeasureisintendedtoprotectspeciesinwater.UseofNPEintextilemanufactureinEuropewasbannedover

10yearsagobutthesubstanceisstillreleasedintothewaterenvironmentthroughimportedtextilesbeingwashed.

A2011studybyGreenpeacefoundNPEintwo-thirdsofclothestested,includingitemssoldbybig-namebrands

suchasAdidas,H&M,Lacoste,andRalphLauren.TheNGO(Non-GovernmentalOrganizations)arguedthatalthough

concentrationsofNPEfoundintheclotheswerelow,thechemicaPsexistenceintheenvironmentposedarisk.

Whichsectionofthewebsitedoesthetextcomefrom?

A.Lifestyle.B.Technology.C.Business.D.Environment.

3.写作意图类推断题

要求根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，

客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题

的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。判断文章的写作目的时一定要对文章主题有正确的把握，阅读时务必找准

文章的主旨句，准确归纳文章主题。

【典题印证】

Ifyouareafruitgrower-orwouldliketobecomeone-takeadvantageofAppleDaytoseewhat'saround.It^

calledAppleDaybutinpracticeit'smorelikeAppleMonth.ThedayitselfisonOctober21,butsinceithascaughton,

eventsnowspreadoutovermostofOctoberaroundBritain.

Visitinganappleeventisagoodchancetosee,andoftentaste,awidevarietyofapples.Topeoplewhoareusedto

thelimitedchoiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalainsupermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopenerto

seetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans.Althoughitdoesn't

tasteofanythingspecial,ifsstillworthatry,asistheknobbly(多疙瘩的)Cat'sHeadwhichismoreofacuriositythan

anythingelse.

Therearealsovarietiesdevelopedtosuitspecificlocalconditions.Oneoftheverybestvarietiesforeatingquality

isOrleansReinette,butyou'llneedawarm,shelteredplacewithperfectsoiltogrowit,soit'sapipedreamformost

appleloverswhofallforit.

Attheevents,youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions,andbecause

thesearefamilyaffairs,childrenarewellcateredforwithapple-themedfunandgames.

AppleDaysarebeingheldatallsortsofplaceswithaninterestinfruit,includingstatelygardensandcommercial

orchards.Ifyouwanttohavearealorchardexperience,tryvisitingtheNationalFruitCollectionatBrogdale,near

FavershaminKent.

Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Toshowhowtogrowapples.

B.Tointroduceanapplefestival.

C.Tohelppeopleselectapples.

D.Topromoteappleresearch.

4.态度倾向类推断题

考查考生是否了解文中作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度。要求考生具有在正确理解文意的基础上，

对观点或态度倾向进行分析、识别的能力。该类型题目的选项一般含有以下三类词：（1）中性词：uninleresled（不

感兴趣的），neutral（中立的），indifferent（漠不关心的）等；（2）褒义词：positive（积极的），supportive（支持的），

humorous（滑稽的），enthusiastic（热情的）,admiring（赞赏的）等;（3）贬义词:disgusted（厌恶的），critical（批评的），

negative（否定的，消极的），disappointed（失望的）等。

【典题印证】

Thecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy（自主性）andthedevelopmentof

adultidentity.However,nowtheyarebecominganextendedperiodofadolescence,duringwhichmanyoftoday's

studentsarenotshoulderedwithadultresponsibilities.

Forpreviousgenerations,collegewasadecisivebreakfromparentalcontrol;guidanceandsupportneededto

comefrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin.Inthepasttwodecades,however,continuedconnectionwithand

dependenceonfamily,thankstocellphones,emailandsocialmedia,haveincreasedsignificantly.Someparentsgoso

farastohelpwithcoursework.Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollegeasapassagefromtheshelterofthefamilyto

autonomyandadultresponsibility,universitieshavegivenintotheideathattheyshouldprovidethesameenvironment

asthatofthehome.

Whafstheauthor'sattitudetowardcontinuedparentalguidancetocollegestudents?

A.Sympathetic.B.Disapproving.C.Supportive.D.Neutral.

附注：英语阅读理解中表示作者态度的高频词汇

1.positive肯定的，积极的lO.subjective主观的

2.passive被动的，消极的11.objective客观的

3.negative消极的IZ.neutral中立的

4.supportive支持的13.concerned关心的，有关的

5.disapproving不赞成的14.optimistic乐观的

6.critical批评的15.pessimistic悲观的

7.conservative保守的16.indifferent漠不关心的

8.suspicious可疑的，怀疑的17.unconcerned不关心的

9.puzzled/confused困惑的

♦总题债缓

1.细节推断题

【片段节选】

Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawide

rangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.

Yettheproblem,byjustaboutanymeasure,appearstobegettingworse.Americansarestilltextingwhiledriving,as

wellasusingsocialnetworksandtakingphotos.Roadaccidents,whichhadfallenforyears,arenowrisingsharply.

8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebanondrivers*textingintheUS?

A.Ineffective.B.Unnecessary.

C.Inconsistent.D.Unfair.

2.文章来源或读者对象类推断题

【片段节选】

GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature

GradingScale

90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.

Essays(60%)

Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=

15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.

GroupAssignments(30%)

Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作业)duringthecourse.Alltheassignmentswillbe

submittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.

21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atextbook.B.Anexampaper.C.Acourseplan.D.Anacademicarticle.

3.写作意图类推断题

【片段节选】

WECOMBATANIMALDISEASESTOGETHER!

Wewanttopreventseriousanimaldiseasessuchasfootandmouthdisease,classicalswinefeverandAfrican

swinefeverfromspreadingtoFinland.Theseandotheranimaldiseasescanbetransmittedfromonecountrytoanother

byanimalsorbymeatanddairyproductseveniftheyarepackedforpersonalconsumptionorintendedasgifts.

Travelerslikeyouplayanimportantroleinpreventingthespreadofanimaldiseases.

Don'tbringmeat,meatproducts,milkanddairyproducts

fromnon-EUcountriestoFinland!

AbanonpersonalimportsappliestomeatanddairyproductsbroughtintoFinlandbytravelersororderedandsent

throughthepost.Thebanappliestofoodstuffsintendedforpersonalconsumptionorasgiftsandtopetfood.Ifyou

havefoodproductsofanimaloriginwithyou,throwtheminawastecontainerinthepointofentryorcontactCustoms!

Whomisthisnoticeintendedfor?

A.FoodimportersinFinland.B.TravelerstoFinland.

C.CitizensinEUcountries.D.Medicalstafffromnon-EUcountries.

4.态度倾向类推断题

【片段节选】

Wealreadyhaveenoughfood,sowhycreatemorethatcouldbepotentiallyharmfultous,totheEarthandtoall

wildlife?Ithinkthatthebenefitsareamazing,butuntilweknowforsurehowthesefoodswillaffectus,theyarenot

worththerisk.

Whafstheauthor'sattitudetowardsgeneticengineering?

A.welcomingB.disapprovingC.unconcerned0.optimistic

J略我於蒯

[2022年6月新高考I卷D篇

Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolved

around300,000yearsago."Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceof

humanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayof

thingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,46saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.

35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?

A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.

C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.

I2022年6月新高考全国II卷D篇

Dr.NiecaGoldberg,aspokeswomanfortheAmericanHeartAssociation,saysLevine'sfindingsareagreatstart.

Butthestudywassmallandneedstoberepeatedwithfarlargergroupsofpeopletodetermineexactlywhichaspectsofan

exerciseroutinemakethebiggestdifference.

15.WhatdoesDr.NiecaGoldbergsuggest?

A.Makinguseofthefindings.B.Interviewingthestudyparticipants.

C.Conductingfurtherresearch.D.Clarifyingthepurposeofthestudy.

|2022年1月浙江卷C篇

Thebenefitsofregularexercisearewelldocumentedbutthere'sanewbonustoaddtotheever-growing

list.Newresearchfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhowerephysicallyfitcouldbenearly90percentless

likelytodevelopdementia（失智症）inlaterlife-andiftheydid,itcameonadecadelaterthanlesssporty

women.

LeadresearcherDr.HelenaHorder,oftheUniversityofGothenburginSweden,said:€UThesefindingsare

excitingbecauseit*spossiblethatimprovingpeople'scardiovascular（心血管的）fitnessinmiddleagecould

delayorevenpreventthemfromdevelopingdementia.”

Forthestudy,191womenwithanaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheyweretired

outtomeasuretheirpeak（最大值的）cardiovascularcapacity.Theaveragepeakworkloadwasmeasuredat

103watts.

Atotalof40womenmetthecriteriaforahighfitnesslevelwithacapacityof120wattsor

higher.While92womenwereinthemediumfitnesscategory;Atotalof59wereoflowfitnesslevel,witha

peakworkloadof80wattsorless,orhavingtheirtestsstoppedbecauseofhealthproblems.

Thesewomenwerethentestedfordementiasixtimesoverthefollowingfourdecades.Duringthat

time,44ofthewomendevelopeddementia.Fivepercentofthehighlyfitwomendeveloped

dementia,comparedto25percentofthewomenwithmediumfitnessand32percentofthewomenwithlow

fitness.

"However,thisstudydoesnotshowcauseandeffectbetweencardiovascularfitnessanddementia,itonly

showsanassociation.saidHorder.Moreresearchisneededtoseeifimprovedfitnesscouldhaveapositive

effectontheriskofdementiaandalsotolookatwhenduringalifetimeahighfitnesslevelismost

important."Shealsoadmittedthatarelativelysmallnumberofwomenwerestudied,allofwhomwerefrom

Sweden,sotheresultsmightnotbeapplicabletoothergroups.

WhatdoweknowaboutDrHorder*sstudy?

A.Itaimedtofindacurefordementia.

B.Datacollectionwasalengthyprocess.

C.Someparticipantswithdrewfromit.

D.Theresultswerefarfromsatisfactory.

[2021年6月新高考2卷B篇

IhaveworkedasakeeperattheNationalZoo,Parisfor11years.SpotandStripearethefirsttigercubsthathave

everbeenbomhere.Globally,athirdofSumatrancubsinzoosdon'tmakeittoadulthood,soIdecidedtogivethem

round-the-clockcareathome.

Fvegottwochildren-theyoungerone,Kynan,wasextremelyhappyaboutthetigersarriving-butallofusreally

lookedforwardtobeingpartoftheirlivesandwatchingthemgrow.Iwasn'tworriedaboutbringingthemintomyhome

withmywifeandkids.Thesewerecubs.Theyweighedabout2.5kgandweresosmallthattherewasabsolutelynorisk.

Astheygrewmoremobile,weletthemmovefreelyaroundthehouseduringtheday,butwhenwewereasleepwe

hadtocontaintheminalargeroom,otherwisethey*dgetuptomischief.We'dcomedowninthemorningtofindthey'd

turnedtheroomupsidedown,andleftitlookinglikeazoo.

Thingsquicklygotveryintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.Thereweresome

toughtimesandIjustfeltextremelytired.Iwasgratefulthatmyfamilywastheretohelp.Wehadtohaveabitofa

productionlinegoing,makingup“tigermilk"，washingbabybottles,andcleaningthefloors.

WhenSpotandStripewerefourmonthsold,theywerelearninghowtoopendoorsandjumpfences,andweknewit

reallywastimeforthemtogo.Itwashardforustofinallypartwiththem.Forthefirstfewdays,Kynanwasalwaysabit

disappointedthatthecubsweren'tthere.

I'mnotsadaboutit.Emhands-onwiththemeverydayatthezoo,andIdolookbackveryfondlyonthetimethatwe

hadthem.

Whatdidtheauthorthinkofraisingthetigercubsathome?

A.Boring.B.Tiring.C.Costly.D.Risky.

[2021年6月全国乙卷B篇

Whenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingfora

landline（座机）?

Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn'townamobilephone.In

factplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.

Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter（29%）relyonlyontheir

smartphones,accordingtoasurvey（调查）.OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit'snot

reallynecessaryandtheyYekeepingitasasecurityblanket——19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percent

keepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.

MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallya

factor（因素）一only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBaby

Boomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn*ttheonlyfactor;Fdsayit'salsotodowiththe

makeupofyourhousehold.

GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephonerather

thanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhome

phoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthe

phone(usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit).

Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilk

deliveries?

Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?

A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.

B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.

C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.

D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.

2021年6月浙江卷C篇

Ifyouevergettheimpressionthatyourdogcan"tell"whetheryoulookcontentorannoyed,youmaybeonto

something.Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhumanfaces,accordingtoanewstudy.

Researcherstrainedagroupof11dogstodistinguishbetweenimages(图像)ofthesamepersonmakingeithera

happyoranangryface.Duringthetrainingstage,eachdogwasshownonlytheupperhalforthelowerhalfoftheperson's

face.Theresearchersthentestedthedogs1abilitytodistinguishbetweenhumanfacialexpressionsbyshowingthemthe

otherhalfoftheperson'sfaceorimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesusedintraining.Theresearchersfoundthatthe

dogswereabletopicktheangryorhappyfacebytouchingapictureofitwiththeirnosesmoreoftenthanonewould

expectbyrandomchance.

Thestudyshowedtheanimalshadfiguredouthowtoapplywhattheylearnedabouthumanfacesduringtrainingto

newfacesinthetestingstage."Wecanruleoutthatthedogssimplydistinguishbetweenthepicturesbusedonasimple

cue,suchasthesightofteeth,MsaidstudyauthorCorsinMuller."Instead,ourresultssuggestthatthesuccessfuldogs

realizedthatasmilingmouthmeansthesamethingassmilingeyes,andthesameruleappliestoanangrymouthhaving

thesamemeaningasangryeyes."

"Withourstudy,wethinkwecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguishhumanfacial

expressions,"MullertoldLiveScience.

Atthispoint,itisnotclearwhydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilitytorecognizedifferentfacialexpressionsin

humans."Tous,themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthebasisliesintheirlivingwithhumans,whichgivesthem

alotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions,andthisexposurehasprovidedthemwithmanychancestolearnto

distinguishbetweenthem,Mullersaid.

Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromparagraph2?

A.Researcherstestedthedogsinrandomorder.

B.Diversemethodswereadoptedduringtraining.

C.Picturesusedinthetwostagesweredifferent.

D.Thedogswerephotographedbeforethetest.

[2021年1月浙江卷c篇

Researcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees（黑猩猩）usetocommunicate.

Theysaywildchimpscommunicate19specificmessagestooneanotherwitha"vocabulary"of66gestures.The

scientistsdiscoveredthisbyfollowingandfilminggroupsofchimpsinUganda,andexaminingmorethan5,000

incidentsofthesemeaningfulexchanges.

DrCatherineHobaiter,wholedtheresearch,saidthatthiswastheonlyformofintentionalcommunicationtobe

recordedintheanimalkingdom.Onlyhumansandchimps,shesaid,hadasystemofcommunicationwherethey

deliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember.

“That'swhat'ssoamazingaboutchimpgestures,11shesaid."They'retheonlythingthatlookslikehumanlanguagein

thatrespect."

Althoughpreviousresearchhasshownthatapesandmonkeyscanunderstandcomplexinformationfromanother

animal'scall,theanimalsdonotappeartousetheirvoicesintentionallytocommunicatemessages.Thiswasasignificant

differencebetweencallsandgestures,DrHobaitersaid.

Chimpswillchecktoseeiftheyhavetheattentionoftheanimalwithwhichtheywishtocommunicate.Inonecase,

amotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbaby,signaling:"Climbonme."Theyoungsterimmediatelyjumpsontoits

mother'sbackandtheytravelofftogether.*'Thebigmessagefromthisstudyisthatthereisanotherspecies（物种）out

therethatismeaningfulinitscommunication,sothat'snotuniquetohumans,nsaidDrHobaiter.

DrSusanneShultz,anevolutionarybiologistfromtheUniversityofManchester,saidthestudywaspraiseworthyin

seekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguage.But,sheadded,theresultswere"alittle

disappointing'1.

"Thevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittletocommunicate,orwearestill

missingalotoftheinformationcontainedintheirgesturesandactions,nshesaid.''Moreover,themeaningsseemtonot

gobeyondwhatotheranimalsconveywithnon-verbalcommunication.So,itseemsthegulfremains/*

WhatdidDrShultzthinkofthestudy?

A.Itwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconducted.

B.Itwasagoodtrybutthefindingswerelimited.

C.Itwasinspiringbuttheevidencewasunreliable.

D.Itwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise.

[2021年6月新高考I卷D篇

Popularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional（情感的）intelligence.Manypeople

nowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson'smakeupthatcannotbemeasured

byanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand"peopleskills.uResearchhas

shownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmovefarbeyondskill-based

emotionalintelligence.

Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetofskillsthatcanbeusedforeithergoodorbadpurposes.

Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,

whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.Beingemotionallyintelligentdoesnotnecessarilymakeonea

moralperson.

Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport,

theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.Themostpositiveaspectofthispopularization

isanewandmuchneededemphasis（重视）onemotionbyemployers,educatorsandothersinterestedinpromoting

socialwell-being.Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersre-evaluatethe

functionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.

Althoughthecontinuingpopularappealofemotionalintelligenceisdesirable,wehopethatsuchattentionwillexcite

agreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyofemotion.Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,advancesin

sciencewilloffernewperspectives（视角）fromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.Emotionalintelligence,

withitsfocusonbothheadandheart,mayservetopointusintherightdirection.

2.Whydoestheauthormention"doctor"and"cheater"inparagraph2?

A.Toexplainarule.

B.Toclarifyaconcept.

C.Topresentafact.

D.Tomakeaprediction.

3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?

A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.

]2021年6月全国甲卷D篇

Whoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.

Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogo

beyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentor

creativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?

Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnot

asurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.

Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub-women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief-theywere

unacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.

AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythat

membersoftheirgender。性另II）are"really,reallysmart/*Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:

Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare"really,reallysmart.MCanourplanetaffordto

haveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.

Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesof

geniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactorslikegender,race,andclass

donotdetenninetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith''intelligence,

creativity,perseverance（毅力）,andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld."

l.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors*standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?

A.TheyYeunfair.B.TheyYeconservative.C.TheyYeobjective.D.TheyYestrict.

2.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?

A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.

B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.

C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.

D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs.

Q题型组合练

1.【河南省九师联盟2022-2023学年高三开学考】

Talkingtosomeoneonatrain,bus,orsubwaycanberiskyyetexciting,asyouneverknowwhenthey9regoingtoget

off.Startingaconnectioncanbefunasthecostsarefairlylowandyoucaneasilystartandstopaconversation,orgetoff

ifthingsbecomeawkward.___36___

Makeeyecontact.Makingbriefeyecontactcanshowthepersonsthatyou'reinterestedandhelpyoujudgewhether

theyareinterestedinyou.Glanceatthepersonsandtrytoholdyourgaze（注视）forjustasecondortwo.___37___If

theymeetyourgaze,it'slikelypositive.Iftheylookawayquicklyorappeardisinterested,it'sprobablybestnotto

approach.

Smileatthepersons.Ifyou'vesuccessfullymettheirgaze,smileatthem.

___38___Iftheysmileback,you'relikelyinluckingettingthemtotalktoyou.

Ifyouwanttostartaconversationwiththepersons,smilingisagreatwaytogetsomebody'sattention.

___39___Makeapointtoappearopen,comfortableandavailable.Dothisbykeepingyourarmsuncrossed.Stand

orsitupstraightandshowgoodposture（姿势）.Don'tcrossyourbodyorturnawayfromthepersons,asthesegestures

canmakeyou