08必修二Unit4Exploringliterature背诵清单（含练习与答案）-2025年高考英语一轮复习基础知识能力提升全囊括（译林版2020）

必修二Unit4Exploringliterature知识背诵清单一、背重点单词1.___________________vt.&vi.唤起，被唤起；(使)醒来2.___________________vt.使(船)下水；开始从事3.___________________vt.包含，含有，容纳4.___________________n.总结，概括，概要5.___________________n.特色，特征vt.以……为特色6.___________________adj.特定的；明确的，具体的7.___________________adv.因此，所以8.___________________n.重要议题，争论的问题vt.宣布，公布9.___________________adj.吝啬的，小气的；不善良的10.___________________n.章节；篇章11.___________________n.舞台；阶段；步骤vt.上演，举办12.___________________vt.击败，战胜n.失败，战败；击败13.___________________vt.&n.努力，尝试，试图14.___________________vt.挺直；(使)变直，变正15.___________________adv.在……旁边；与……一起16.___________________n.闪光；闪现vt.&vi.(使)闪光；(使)闪现答案：1.awaken2.launch3.contain4.summary5.feature6.specific7.therefore8.issue9.mean10.chapter二、用核心词汇1.literaturen.文学，文学作品→___________________adj.文学的2.appealvi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁→___________________adj.有感染力的；有吸引力的3.determinev.确定；支配；决心vi.决心→___________________adj.坚定的；坚决的；果断的→___________________n.决心；果断；决定4.significantadj.有重要意义的，显著的→___________________n.意义；重要性5.describevt.描述；形容；把……称为→___________________n.描述，形容，说明6.reflectvt.&vi.反映，显示；映出(影像);反射(声、光、热等);沉思→___________________n.反映；显示；表达7.capableadj.有能力，有才能；能力强的→___________________adj.没有能力→___________________n.能力；才能8.universen.宇宙；世界→___________________adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的→_____________adv.普遍地9.particularadj.特别的；格外的；特指的；挑剔的→___________________adv.特殊地；特别地10.collectvt.收集→___________________n.收藏品；作品集；募捐11.transportvt.运输，运送n.交通运输系统；交通车辆；运输→____________________n.交通；运输12.generousadj.慷慨的，大方的→___________________n.慷慨，大方，宽宏大量13.poemn.诗→____________________n.诗人→___________________n.诗集，诗歌14.biographyn.传记，传记作品→___________________n.自传15.extremeadj.极端的；极度的→____________________adv.极其，非常，极端16.destroyvt.摧毁，毁灭，破坏→___________________n.破坏；毁坏→__________adj.毁坏性的；破坏性的17.acplishvt.完成→___________________n.成就；完成18.confusevt.使困惑→___________________adj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混乱的→___________________adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→___________________n.困惑答案：1.literary2.appealing3.determined;determination4.significance5.description6.reflection7.incapable;capability8.universal;universally9.particularly10.collection11.transportation12.generosity13.poet;poetry14.autobiography15.extremely16.destruction;destructive17.acplishment18.confused;confusing;confusion【语境活用】1.Fromthe___________________expressiononhisface,weknewthathewas___________________totakeupthejob,whichneededgreatpatienceand___________________.(determine)2.ThescientiststhinkTom'sinventionisofgreat___________________,becauseitis___________________tocurethepatientsofdeadlydisease.(significant)3.He___________________therobberyindetailtothepolicemanandhis____________________wasveryvaluable—thepolicecaughttherobberinashorttime.(describe)4.Someflowersare___________________intheriverandthe___________________isverybeautiful.(reflect)5.Theboyis___________________interestedinmakingmodelplanesbutheisnot___________________aboutwhatheeats.(particular)6.Georgeisafamous________________who__________ancientcoinsandantiques.Hisprivate__________areworthalargersumofmoney.(collect)答案：1.determined;determined;determination2.significance;significant3.described;description4.reflected;reflection5.particularly;particular6.collector;collects;collections三、记高频词汇1.appealvi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁背词条用法(1)appealtosb.对某人有吸引力；使某人感兴趣appealtosb.for..为……向某人呼吁或请求appealtosb.todosth.恳求/呼吁某人做某事(2)makeanappealtosb.for..为……向某人呼吁或请求makeanappealtosb.todosth.呼吁/恳求某人做某事背写作佳句①ThegovernmentappealedtoInternationalRedCrosstohelppeoplesufferingfromthefloods.政府呼吁国际红十字会帮助在洪水中受灾的群众。②Therefore,wemakeanappealtoeveryonetokeepawayfromdrugsandcherishourlives.因此，我们呼吁大家远离毒品，珍爱生命。2.determinevt.确定；支配；决心vi.决心背词条用法(1)determinetodosth.下决心做某事(表示动作)determineon/upon(doing)sth.决定(做)某事(2)bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事(表示状态)(3)withdetermination果断地；坚定地背写作佳句①(2021·全国乙卷)Iamfullyconvincedthataslongaswedeterminetomakethemostoftheonlineresourceswewillbeesmartonlinelearners.我完全相信，只要我们决心充分利用在线资源，就会成为明智的在线学习者。②(2020·浙江7月高考)Iamdeterminedtoperformwellinthefinalexam,soI'moccupiedinpreparingforit.我下决心在期末考试中好好发挥，所以我正忙着准备考试。3.significantadj.有重要意义的，显著的背词条用法(1)besignificantfor对……是重要的besignificant=beofsignificance有意义；重要(2)beof(great/little/no)significance有(重大/很小/无)意义；(非常/不太/不)重要attachsignificanceto...认为……重要背写作佳句①NomatterhowtheSpringFestivalcustomschange,itisstillverysignificantfortheChinesepeople.无论春节习俗如何变化，它对中国人民来说仍然有重大意义。②(2021·浙江6月高考)Thisexhibitionofstudents'traditionalChinesepaintingsisofgreatsignificance,forwecanunderstandtheartoftraditionalChinesepaintingbetter这次学生国画展意义重大，因为我们可以更好地了解国画艺术。4.descriptionn.描述，形容，说明背词条用法(1)beyonddescription无法形容，无法描述(2)describesth.tosb.向某人描述某事describe...as...把……描述为/称为……背写作佳句①(2021·天津高考)ItisthoughtthatthesceneryoftheWestLakeisbeautifulbeyonddescription.人们认为西湖的景色美得无法形容。②HeisroutinelydescribedasthegreatestscientistsinceEinstein.他通常被称为继爱因斯坦之后最伟大的科学家。5.reflectvt.&vi.反映，显示；映出(影像);反射(声、光、热等);沉思；思考背词条用法(1)reflect...in..在……中映出……的影像reflectsth.fromsth.从某物(表面)反射(声、光、热等)reflecton/uponsth.思考某事(2)belostinreflection陷入沉思中背写作佳句①(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Asthesmallboatmovedgentlyalongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.当小船沿着河边轻轻移动时，群山静静地倒映在水中，这幅画面令他一时说不出话来。②Onlyifyouspendtimereflectingon/uponyourlifeandworkwillyouhaveabrightfuture.你只有花时间反思自己的生活和工作，才会有一个光明的未来。6.capableadj.有能力，有才能；能力强的背词条用法(1)becapableof...有能力………(2)thecapabilitytodosth./ofdoingsth.做某事的能力背写作佳句①AnyonekeenonEnglishwritingandcapableofwordprocessingisexpectedtoapply.任何热衷于英语写作和有文字处理能力的人都可以申请。②Theresearchshowsthatpreschoolchildrenhavethecapabilityofthinkinginabstractterms.研究表明，学龄前儿童具有抽象思维能力。③Heistooyoungtohavethecapabilitytocarehimself.他太小了，没有能力照顾自己。7.containvt.包含，含有，容纳背词条用法(1)containoneself克制自己；自制(2)sth.included或includingsth.包括某物背写作佳句①Afterthemeal,aluckycharmandaredpocketwhichcontainsluckymoneywillbegiventoeveryoneandsomeluckywordsaresaidtoeachother.饭后，每个人都会收到一个吉祥饰物和一个装着好运钱的红包，并互相说一些吉利话。②Thecontainercontainsmanykindsoffruits,includingapineapple/apineappleincluded.这个容器里盛放着许多种水果，其中包括菠萝。8.featuren.特色，特征vt.以……为特色，是……的特征背词条用法featuresb./sth.as以……为特色；由……主演……featureinsth.起重要作用；占重要地位背写作佳句①(2021·浙江6月高考)TheannualtraditionalChinesepaintingexhibitionheldinourschoolfeaturesstudents’works.由我们学校举办的一年一度的国画展览以学生的作品为主。②Torespecttheoldandtolovetheyoungisakeyfeatureofourcountry.尊老爱幼是我们国家的一个重要特征。9.meanadj.吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的v.打算；意味着背词条用法(1)bemeanwithsth.在……方面吝啬bemeantosb.对某人刻薄(2)meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味着做……背写作佳句①TheMastersaid,“Thesuperiormaniseasytoserveanddifficulttoplease.Themeanmanisdifficulttoserve,andeasytoplease.”子曰：“君子易事而难说也。小人难事而易说也。”②WearesupposedtolearnEnglishwellbecausehavingagoodmandofEnglishmeansmoreopportunitiesinthefuture.我们应该学好英语，因为掌握好英语意味着在未来有更多的机会。10.attemptvt.&n.努力，尝试，试图背词条用法(1)attempttodosth.努力做某事，试图做某事(2)makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth.试图做某事atthefirstattempt第一次尝试背写作佳句①(2019·全国卷I)HearingyouarehostingaChinesepaintingexhibition,Iattempttoapplytobeavolunteerfortheevent.得知你们要举办中国画展览，我想要申请成为这次活动的志愿者。②Therewasnosignalinthatfarawayvillageandallmyattemptstocontactyoufailed.在那个遥远的村庄里没有信号，我所有联系你的尝试都失败了。11.straightenvt.挺直；(使)变直，变正背词条用法(1)straightenup直起来；挺直straightenup=tidyup整理，收拾整齐(2)getsth.straight明确某事；把某事弄清楚(3)straightaway立即，马上背写作佳句①(2021·浙江1月高考)Iwasabletostraightenupwiththehugepumpkinrestingonmyshoulders.肩上扛着一个巨大的南瓜，我终于挺直了身子。②Heisdeterminedtostraightenupandmakehimselfusefultothecountry.他决心改过自新，让自己成为一个对国家有用的人。四、短语再现1.___________________惊奇地 2.___________________一系列，各种3.___________________即将发生(在某人身上),等待着(某人) 4.___________________努力做……5.___________________总之 6.___________________引起某人的注意7.___________________在……面前；有……在场 8.___________________具有；呈现；承担9.___________________总的来说 10.___________________凭借，利用11.___________________致力，专心，献身 12.___________________尤其，特别13.___________________半途，部分地 14.___________________保持某人头脑清醒15.___________________(头脑)清醒；使整洁 16.___________________正要做某事17.___________________再一次答案：1.withwonder2.arangeof3.instore(forsb.)4.makeanefforttodo5.inaword6.bring.toone'sattention7.inthepresenceof8.takeon9.insummary10.drawon11.devoteoneselfto12.inparticular13.partway14.keepone'sheadclear15.clearup16.beonthepointofdoingsth.17.oncemore短语活用1.devoteoneselfto致力，专心，献身背相关短语(1)devote...to...把……奉献于……;把……专注于……bedevotedto...专心于……;奉献于……(2)devotionto...对……的奉献背写作佳句①(2019·全国卷I)IfIamchosen,Iwilldevotemyselftobeingaqualifiedvolunteer.如果被选中，我将致力于成为一名合格的志愿者。②(2020·全国卷I)Everybodyspokeinpraiseofherdevotiontothecauseofeducation.大家异口同声地称赞她对教育事业的奉献。2.drawon/upon凭借，利用，依赖背相关短语drawup起草；停住drawin到达；进站；吸引；吸入drawback退却，撤回drawaconclusion得出结论drawone'sattention吸引某人的注意/关注背写作佳句①(2021·全国乙卷)Wecandrawupon/onvariousonlineresourcestolearnwhereverweareatanytime.我们可以利用各种在线资源，随时随地学习。②Fromthechartwecandrawaconclusionthatmostofthepeoplewereagainstthisplan.从图表中我们可以得出结论，大多数人反对这个计划。3.inparticular尤其，特别背相关短语beparticularabout对……讲究/挑剔背写作佳句①Ourgovernmentattachesgreatimportancetoallaspectsofdevelopment,educationinparticular.我们的政府非常重视各方面的发展，尤其是教育。②(2018·全国卷I)Asisknowntousall,theChineseareratherparticularabouttablemanners.众所周知，中国人非常讲究餐桌礼仪。4.clearup(头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理；转晴；解决背相关短语clearaway把……清除掉(以留出空间)clearoff离开；逃离；逃跑clearout把……清空；清理；丢掉背写作佳句①WhenIwokeup,itwasbroaddaylight.Theweatherhadclearedup,thesunwasstreamingdownandtheseawascalm.当我醒来的时候已是大白天了。天气放晴了，阳光普照，海面也平静了。②Afterthebowlsanddisheswereclearedaway,thechildrensatatthetable,playingwithbuildingblocks.碗碟收拾好后，孩子们在桌旁坐下来玩积木。5.beonthepointofdoingsth.正要做某事背相关短语beonthepointofdoing..when正要做……这时……atonepoint曾经，一度offthepoint离题，偏题tothepoint简明，恰当；简洁中肯的Thereisnopoint(in)doingsth.做某事是没有意义的背写作佳句①Iwasonthepointofgivingupthesearchwhensomethinginthebushescaughtmyeyes.我正准备放弃搜索，这时灌木丛中有什么东西吸引住了我的目光。②Heexplainedpatientlywhenthediscussiongotoffthepoint.在讨论离题时，他就耐心地进行解释。知识背诵检测I.单词拼写1.Thebuildingwaspletely_____________(破坏)byfire.2.Thecountry_____________(发动)anationalcampaignagainstairpollution.3.Althoughthisdrinkdoesn't_____________(包含)anyalcohol,itisn'tfitforchildren.4.Theteacheraskedthestudentstowritedownthe______________(总结)onthepaper.5.Themostdistinguishing_____________(特色)ofKoreanfoodisthespiciness.6.Aperson'ssuccessliesinchanginghimselfinsteadof_____________(击败)others.Ⅱ.语境辨义(写出加黑部分的汉语意思)1.Themanagerisnowinneedofacapableassistanttotakecareofproblemsinhisabsence._____________2.AlthoughthereismorefemaleparticipationinITworkforce,thereremainsasignificantimbalancebetweenmaleandfemaleseniorpositions._____________3.Theissueofprotectingculturalheritagesisofsuchimportancethatwecannotaffordtoignoreit_____________4.Toreadwithoutreflectingislikeeatingwithoutdigesting._____________5.(熟词生义)Youcanlaunchprogramsanddocumentsfromyourkeyboard._____________6.(熟词生义)Thegovernmentwarnedthatpolicewouldtaketoughermeasurestocontainthetrouble._____________Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.It'struethatonceyouformedabadhabit,you'llfindit______________(extreme)difficulttogetoutofit2.SpendingtheholidaysinBritainwasn'tparticularly_____________(appeal)tome.3.Hewas_____________(determine)tobuildanewlifeoutoftheruinsofhiscareer.4.Itisthefirstdrugthatseemstohaveavery_____________(significance)effectonthisdisease.5._____________(describe)ofthemoonisoneoftheuniquecharacteristicsinancientChinesepoems.6.Theideathatsoftwareiscapable_____________anytaskisbroadlytrueintheory.7.Thisquestionmustbebroughtuptimeandagaininthehopeofattracting_____________(universe)attention.IV.选词填空devoteoneselfto,arangeof,reflecton/upon,inthepresenceof,partway,keepone'sheadclear,oncemore,instorefor,containoneself1.Youcan_____________for4—10hoursafterexercise.2.Theshychildwasinalittlenervousstate_____________thenewteacher.3.Soundengineersuse__________________________techniquestoenhancethequalityoftherecordings.4.Nobodycanexactlypredictwhatthefutureholds___________________________us.5.Theaccidentraisesquestionsaboutthesafetyoftheplan__________________________.6.Shecouldnownolonger__________________________,andwasconvincedthatsomedisasterwasimpending.7.Peoplecanoftenlookbackand__________________________happychildhoodmemories.8.Shegladlygaveupherparttimejobto__________________________herartentirely.9.Shewasonthehillside,__________________________up,tiredandhungry.V.关联词汇用准用活1.用活——同义试试看(用本单元词汇替换黑体词汇)①Hereliesonhischildhoodmemoriesforthematerialofhisnovel._____________②Inconclusion,Chinashouldbeeamajoreconomicpowerhouseinthenextcentury._____________③Ifwe'dallworktogether,Ithinkwecouldattainourgoal._____________④Peoplearepuzzledaboutallthedifferentlabelsonfoodthesedays._____________⑤Thetransportservicecannotcopewiththepressureofsomanyadditionalpassengers._____________2.用准——易错对对碰(1)confusedVSconfusing①Iwouldoftenget_____________(confuse)whe