2023年4月自考00595英语阅读一试题及答案含解析

英语阅读（一）年月真题

0059520234

1、【单选题】Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ThedebateabouttheoriginofStonehenge＇s（英格兰巨石阵）grandestlumpsof

rockhadbeenragingforatleastfourcenturies.Now,thankstotherecovery

ofachunkofthemonumentthathadbeenlostfordecades,archaeologists

havefinallybeenabletorevealwheretheycamefrom.Theresearchshowsthat

thegiantsarsen（砂岩）stonesweregathered，some4,500yearsago,fromthe

WestWoods,asitecoveringsquaremilesontheedgeofMarlborough

DownsinWiltshire.Itisabout15milesnorthofStonehengeanditseems

likelythatitsnearnessmadeitattractive.SusanGreaney,ahistorianfor

EnglishHeritage,said:"Wecannowsaythatwhensourcingthesarsens,the

dominantobjectivewassize-theywantedthebiggest,mostsubstantialstones

theycouldfindanditmadesensetogetthemfromasnearbyaspossible."

Thebreakthroughwasmadepossiblebythediscoveryofametre-longcore

ofrockthatwasdrilledfromastoneduringarestorationin1958.The

projecthadinvolvedthreesarsensthathadfallenmorethan150yearsearlier

beingdraggeduprightandmadestable.RobertPhillipsworkedforacompany

askedtodrillthroughoneofthestonessothatitcouldbepinnedintoplace

withametalbracket.Hewasallowedtotakethecorehome.lthungonhis

wall,inatube,for60years,accompanyinghimtoFloridawhenhemovedthere.

WhenMrPhillipsrecentlypassedawayhisfamilyofferedtoreturnthecore.

Thisgaveresearchersthechancetoanalysematerialfromtheinteriorofa

monumentcloselyguardedasaWorldHeritageSite.Therearethoughttohave

beenabout80sarsensatStonehengeoriginallyand52remain.Theyincludethe

15stonesofStonehenge'scentralhorseshoe,theuprightsandbeamsofthe

outercircle,aswellasoutlyingstones.Whilethesmallerbluestoneshadbeen

tracedtospecificlocationsinthePreseliHillsinWales,thesourceofthe

largersarsenshadbeenimpossibletoaccuratelyidentifyuntilnow.Ms

Greaneysaid:"TobeabletolocatetheareathatStonehenge'sbuildersused

tosourcetheirmaterialsaround2,500BCisarealexcitement.Nowwecan

starttounderstandtheroutetheymighthavetravelled."Whatcanbe

learnedaboutthedebateinParagraph1?

Ithasrecentlybeensettled.

Ithaslastedforfourdecades.

A:

B:

ItattractsvisitorstoStonehenge.

Itisthefiercestdebateinarchaeology.

C:

答D:案：A

2、【单选题】Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ThedebateabouttheoriginofStonehenge＇s（英格兰巨石阵）grandestlumpsof

rockhadbeenragingforatleastfourcenturies.Now,thankstotherecovery

ofachunkofthemonumentthathadbeenlostfordecades,archaeologists

havefinallybeenabletorevealwheretheycamefrom.Theresearchshowsthat

thegiantsarsen（砂岩）stonesweregathered，some4,500yearsago,fromthe

WestWoods,asitecoveringsquaremilesontheedgeofMarlborough

DownsinWiltshire.Itisabout15milesnorthofStonehengeanditseems

likelythatitsnearnessmadeitattractive.SusanGreaney,ahistorianfor

EnglishHeritage,said:"Wecannowsaythatwhensourcingthesarsens,the

dominantobjectivewassize-theywantedthebiggest,mostsubstantialstones

theycouldfindanditmadesensetogetthemfromasnearbyaspossible."

Thebreakthroughwasmadepossiblebythediscoveryofametre-longcore

ofrockthatwasdrilledfromastoneduringarestorationin1958.The

projecthadinvolvedthreesarsensthathadfallenmorethan150yearsearlier

beingdraggeduprightandmadestable.RobertPhillipsworkedforacompany

askedtodrillthroughoneofthestonessothatitcouldbepinnedintoplace

withametalbracket.Hewasallowedtotakethecorehome.lthungonhis

wall,inatube,for60years,accompanyinghimtoFloridawhenhemovedthere.

WhenMrPhillipsrecentlypassedawayhisfamilyofferedtoreturnthecore.

Thisgaveresearchersthechancetoanalysematerialfromtheinteriorofa

monumentcloselyguardedasaWorldHeritageSite.Therearethoughttohave

beenabout80sarsensatStonehengeoriginallyand52remain.Theyincludethe

15stonesofStonehenge'scentralhorseshoe,theuprightsandbeamsofthe

outercircle,aswellasoutlyingstones.Whilethesmallerbluestoneshadbeen

tracedtospecificlocationsinthePreseliHillsinWales,thesourceofthe

largersarsenshadbeenimpossibletoaccuratelyidentifyuntilnow.Ms

Greaneysaid:"TobeabletolocatetheareathatStonehenge'sbuildersused

tosourcetheirmaterialsaround2,500BCisarealexcitement.Nowwecan

starttounderstandtheroutetheymighthavetravelled."Whatwasthemost

importantconsiderationinsourcingthesarsens?

Theirage.

Theirsize.

A:

B:

Theircolor.

Theirshape.

C:

答D:案：B

3、【单选题】Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ThedebateabouttheoriginofStonehenge＇s（英格兰巨石阵）grandestlumpsof

rockhadbeenragingforatleastfourcenturies.Now,thankstotherecovery

ofachunkofthemonumentthathadbeenlostfordecades,archaeologists

havefinallybeenabletorevealwheretheycamefrom.Theresearchshowsthat

thegiantsarsen（砂岩）stonesweregathered，some4,500yearsago,fromthe

WestWoods,asitecoveringsquaremilesontheedgeofMarlborough

DownsinWiltshire.Itisabout15milesnorthofStonehengeanditseems

likelythatitsnearnessmadeitattractive.SusanGreaney,ahistorianfor

EnglishHeritage,said:"Wecannowsaythatwhensourcingthesarsens,the

dominantobjectivewassize-theywantedthebiggest,mostsubstantialstones

theycouldfindanditmadesensetogetthemfromasnearbyaspossible."

Thebreakthroughwasmadepossiblebythediscoveryofametre-longcore

ofrockthatwasdrilledfromastoneduringarestorationin1958.The

projecthadinvolvedthreesarsensthathadfallenmorethan150yearsearlier

beingdraggeduprightandmadestable.RobertPhillipsworkedforacompany

askedtodrillthroughoneofthestonessothatitcouldbepinnedintoplace

withametalbracket.Hewasallowedtotakethecorehome.lthungonhis

wall,inatube,for60years,accompanyinghimtoFloridawhenhemovedthere.

WhenMrPhillipsrecentlypassedawayhisfamilyofferedtoreturnthecore.

Thisgaveresearchersthechancetoanalysematerialfromtheinteriorofa

monumentcloselyguardedasaWorldHeritageSite.Therearethoughttohave

beenabout80sarsensatStonehengeoriginallyand52remain.Theyincludethe

15stonesofStonehenge'scentralhorseshoe,theuprightsandbeamsofthe

outercircle,aswellasoutlyingstones.Whilethesmallerbluestoneshadbeen

tracedtospecificlocationsinthePreseliHillsinWales,thesourceofthe

largersarsenshadbeenimpossibletoaccuratelyidentifyuntilnow.Ms

Greaneysaid:"TobeabletolocatetheareathatStonehenge'sbuildersused

tosourcetheirmaterialsaround2,500BCisarealexcitement.Nowwecan

starttounderstandtheroutetheymighthavetravelled."Whathappenedto

Stonehengein1958accordingtothepassage?

Itunderwentarestoration.

Threeofitssarsenssuddenlyfell.

A:

B:

Theresearchonitwasstarted.

Someofitssarsenswentmissing.

C:

答D:案：A

4、【单选题】Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ThedebateabouttheoriginofStonehenge＇s（英格兰巨石阵）grandestlumpsof

rockhadbeenragingforatleastfourcenturies.Now,thankstotherecovery

ofachunkofthemonumentthathadbeenlostfordecades,archaeologists

havefinallybeenabletorevealwheretheycamefrom.Theresearchshowsthat

thegiantsarsen（砂岩）stonesweregathered，some4,500yearsago,fromthe

WestWoods,asitecoveringsquaremilesontheedgeofMarlborough

DownsinWiltshire.Itisabout15milesnorthofStonehengeanditseems

likelythatitsnearnessmadeitattractive.SusanGreaney,ahistorianfor

EnglishHeritage,said:"Wecannowsaythatwhensourcingthesarsens,the

dominantobjectivewassize-theywantedthebiggest,mostsubstantialstones

theycouldfindanditmadesensetogetthemfromasnearbyaspossible."

Thebreakthroughwasmadepossiblebythediscoveryofametre-longcore

ofrockthatwasdrilledfromastoneduringarestorationin1958.The

projecthadinvolvedthreesarsensthathadfallenmorethan150yearsearlier

beingdraggeduprightandmadestable.RobertPhillipsworkedforacompany

askedtodrillthroughoneofthestonessothatitcouldbepinnedintoplace

withametalbracket.Hewasallowedtotakethecorehome.lthungonhis

wall,inatube,for60years,accompanyinghimtoFloridawhenhemovedthere.

WhenMrPhillipsrecentlypassedawayhisfamilyofferedtoreturnthecore.

Thisgaveresearchersthechancetoanalysematerialfromtheinteriorofa

monumentcloselyguardedasaWorldHeritageSite.Therearethoughttohave

beenabout80sarsensatStonehengeoriginallyand52remain.Theyincludethe

15stonesofStonehenge'scentralhorseshoe,theuprightsandbeamsofthe

outercircle,aswellasoutlyingstones.Whilethesmallerbluestoneshadbeen

tracedtospecificlocationsinthePreseliHillsinWales,thesourceofthe

largersarsenshadbeenimpossibletoaccuratelyidentifyuntilnow.Ms

Greaneysaid:"TobeabletolocatetheareathatStonehenge'sbuildersused

tosourcetheirmaterialsaround2,500BCisarealexcitement.Nowwecan

starttounderstandtheroutetheymighthavetravelled."Whatdoweknow

aboutRobertPhillips?

Hetoldhischildrentosellthecoretoamuseum.

Heplayedaroleindiscoveringthesarsens'origin.

A:

B:

HemovedtoFloridaduetohisfinancialdifficulties.

Hecontinuedtoworkasadrillerafterhisretirement.

C:

答D:案：B

5、【单选题】Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

ThedebateabouttheoriginofStonehenge＇s（英格兰巨石阵）grandestlumpsof

rockhadbeenragingforatleastfourcenturies.Now,thankstotherecovery

ofachunkofthemonumentthathadbeenlostfordecades,archaeologists

havefinallybeenabletorevealwheretheycamefrom.Theresearchshowsthat

thegiantsarsen（砂岩）stonesweregathered，some4,500yearsago,fromthe

WestWoods,asitecoveringsquaremilesontheedgeofMarlborough

DownsinWiltshire.Itisabout15milesnorthofStonehengeanditseems

likelythatitsnearnessmadeitattractive.SusanGreaney,ahistorianfor

EnglishHeritage,said:"Wecannowsaythatwhensourcingthesarsens,the

dominantobjectivewassize-theywantedthebiggest,mostsubstantialstones

theycouldfindanditmadesensetogetthemfromasnearbyaspossible."

Thebreakthroughwasmadepossiblebythediscoveryofametre-longcore

ofrockthatwasdrilledfromastoneduringarestorationin1958.The

projecthadinvolvedthreesarsensthathadfallenmorethan150yearsearlier

beingdraggeduprightandmadestable.RobertPhillipsworkedforacompany

askedtodrillthroughoneofthestonessothatitcouldbepinnedintoplace

withametalbracket.Hewasallowedtotakethecorehome.lthungonhis

wall,inatube,for60years,accompanyinghimtoFloridawhenhemovedthere.

WhenMrPhillipsrecentlypassedawayhisfamilyofferedtoreturnthecore.

Thisgaveresearchersthechancetoanalysematerialfromtheinteriorofa

monumentcloselyguardedasaWorldHeritageSite.Therearethoughttohave

beenabout80sarsensatStonehengeoriginallyand52remain.Theyincludethe

15stonesofStonehenge'scentralhorseshoe,theuprightsandbeamsofthe

outercircle,aswellasoutlyingstones.Whilethesmallerbluestoneshadbeen

tracedtospecificlocationsinthePreseliHillsinWales,thesourceofthe

largersarsenshadbeenimpossibletoaccuratelyidentifyuntilnow.Ms

Greaneysaid:"TobeabletolocatetheareathatStonehenge'sbuildersused

tosourcetheirmaterialsaround2,500BCisarealexcitement.Nowwecan

starttounderstandtheroutetheymighthavetravelled."Whatcanwelearn

fromSusanGreaney'sremarksinthelastparagraph?

ItisstillunknownwhyStonehengewasconstructed.

Stonehenge'sbuildersstruggledtosourcethestones.

A:

B:

FifteensarsensofStonehengewerefoundinWales.

Theroutethestonestravelledhasyettobeknown.

C:

答D:案：D

6、【单选题】Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Nexttimeyouarestrugglingtofallasleep,trycountingpenguinsinstead

ofsheep.Doingsocouldhelpusseehowthebirdsarebeingaffectedby

threatslikeclimatechange.TomHartattheUniversityofOxfordandhis

colleaguesareconstantlycapturingphotographsofpenguinsthroughanetworkof

about140remotecamerasplantedacrossAntarctica（南极洲）.Therearefarmore

imagesthantheresearcherscanprocessontheirown，soHartandhisteamsetup

aprojectcalledPenguinWatch.Throughtheproject'swebsite,youcanjoinmore

than1millioncitizenscientistswhohaveparticipatedsofarandhelptheteam

byflickingthroughphotographsonlineandclickingwhereveryouspotapenguin.

Youwillbeaskedtomarkadultpenguins,chicksandeggsintheimages,by

clickingonthecenterofeachone.Ifounditsurprisinglyaddictive.Youcan

alsokeepaneyeoutforotherseabirdsthatmightappearandmarkthesefor

researcherstoidentifylater.Inadditiontoprovidingcluesabouthowthese

animalsarebehavingandinteractingwiththeirchangingenvironment,yourwork

willalsohelptheteamtotrainartificialintelligence,whichisincreasingly

allowingthegrouptoprocesspictureassessingautomatically."Wenowprocess

abouthalfofit,"saysHart.Theteamstillreliesheavilyonvolunteers,though,

especiallytohelpspotunusualthings,suchasnewspecies,hesays.Hartand

hiscolleaguesalsoregularlyvisitAntarcticaandotherpenguinbreedingsitesin

thesouthernhemispheretotakeimageswithflyingdrones（无人机）andtocollect

penguinfaeces（粪便），whichtheythenanalyseinthelaboratorytogainfurther

insights.Earlyresultsfromtheprojectarerevealingsomeofthechallenges

thatvariouspenguinpopulationsarefacingastheirenvironmentchanges.

Nestflooding,forexample,mayreducesurvivalofeggsandchicks.Ina

recentstudy,Hartandhisteamfoundthatheavysnoweventsoverlappedwith

declinesinnumbersofgentoopenguinchicks.MeltingiceinAntarcticaalso

posesathreat."OntheAntarcticpeninsula,Adéliepenguinsandchinstrap

penguinsaredoingverybadly,"saysHart.Populationsofice-lovingpenguinslike

Adéliesandchinstrapsarelikelytocontinuetodecline,hesays,whereasgentoo

penguins,whichtendtopreferanenvironmentwithlessseaiceandmoreexposed

rock,mayfarebetter.PenguinWatchandotherresearcheffortsshouldhelpto

giveaclearerpictureofhowindividualcoloniesarerespondingtoclimatechange,

aswellastootherpressures.WhatdoweknowaboutPenguinWatch?

Itasksparticipantstoprocesspenguinimagesonline.

Ittrainsresearcherstoprotecttheenvironment.

A:

B:

Itstudiesnewwaystohelppreventsleeplessness.

Itinvitesvolunteerstotakephotosofpenguins.

C:

答D:案：A

7、【单选题】Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Nexttimeyouarestrugglingtofallasleep,trycountingpenguinsinstead

ofsheep.Doingsocouldhelpusseehowthebirdsarebeingaffectedby

threatslikeclimatechange.TomHartattheUniversityofOxfordandhis

colleaguesareconstantlycapturingphotographsofpenguinsthroughanetworkof

about140remotecamerasplantedacrossAntarctica（南极洲）.Therearefarmore

imagesthantheresearcherscanprocessontheirown，soHartandhisteamsetup

aprojectcalledPenguinWatch.Throughtheproject'swebsite,youcanjoinmore

than1millioncitizenscientistswhohaveparticipatedsofarandhelptheteam

byflickingthroughphotographsonlineandclickingwhereveryouspotapenguin.

Youwillbeaskedtomarkadultpenguins,chicksandeggsintheimages,by

clickingonthecenterofeachone.Ifounditsurprisinglyaddictive.Youcan

alsokeepaneyeoutforotherseabirdsthatmightappearandmarkthesefor

researcherstoidentifylater.Inadditiontoprovidingcluesabouthowthese

animalsarebehavingandinteractingwiththeirchangingenvironment,yourwork

willalsohelptheteamtotrainartificialintelligence,whichisincreasingly

allowingthegrouptoprocesspictureassessingautomatically."Wenowprocess

abouthalfofit,"saysHart.Theteamstillreliesheavilyonvolunteers,though,

especiallytohelpspotunusualthings,suchasnewspecies,hesays.Hartand

hiscolleaguesalsoregularlyvisitAntarcticaandotherpenguinbreedingsitesin

thesouthernhemispheretotakeimageswithflyingdrones（无人机）andtocollect

penguinfaeces（粪便），whichtheythenanalyseinthelaboratorytogainfurther

insights.Earlyresultsfromtheprojectarerevealingsomeofthechallenges

thatvariouspenguinpopulationsarefacingastheirenvironmentchanges.

Nestflooding,forexample,mayreducesurvivalofeggsandchicks.Ina

recentstudy,Hartandhisteamfoundthatheavysnoweventsoverlappedwith

declinesinnumbersofgentoopenguinchicks.MeltingiceinAntarcticaalso

posesathreat."OntheAntarcticpeninsula,Adéliepenguinsandchinstrap

penguinsaredoingverybadly,"saysHart.Populationsofice-lovingpenguinslike

Adéliesandchinstrapsarelikelytocontinuetodecline,hesays,whereasgentoo

penguins,whichtendtopreferanenvironmentwithlessseaiceandmoreexposed

rock,mayfarebetter.PenguinWatchandotherresearcheffortsshouldhelpto

giveaclearerpictureofhowindividualcoloniesarerespondingtoclimatechange,

aswellastootherpressures.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutparticipatingin

PenguinWatch?

Itwasdepressing.

A:

Itwasfascinating.

Itwasexhausting.

B:

Itwaschallenging.

C:

答D:案：B

8、【单选题】Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Nexttimeyouarestrugglingtofallasleep,trycountingpenguinsinstead

ofsheep.Doingsocouldhelpusseehowthebirdsarebeingaffectedby

threatslikeclimatechange.TomHartattheUniversityofOxfordandhis

colleaguesareconstantlycapturingphotographsofpenguinsthroughanetworkof

about140remotecamerasplantedacrossAntarctica（南极洲）.Therearefarmore

imagesthantheresearcherscanprocessontheirown，soHartandhisteamsetup

aprojectcalledPenguinWatch.Throughtheproject'swebsite,youcanjoinmore

than1millioncitizenscientistswhohaveparticipatedsofarandhelptheteam

byflickingthroughphotographsonlineandclickingwhereveryouspotapenguin.

Youwillbeaskedtomarkadultpenguins,chicksandeggsintheimages,by

clickingonthecenterofeachone.Ifounditsurprisinglyaddictive.Youcan

alsokeepaneyeoutforotherseabirdsthatmightappearandmarkthesefor

researcherstoidentifylater.Inadditiontoprovidingcluesabouthowthese

animalsarebehavingandinteractingwiththeirchangingenvironment,yourwork

willalsohelptheteamtotrainartificialintelligence,whichisincreasingly

allowingthegrouptoprocesspictureassessingautomatically."Wenowprocess

abouthalfofit,"saysHart.Theteamstillreliesheavilyonvolunteers,though,

especiallytohelpspotunusualthings,suchasnewspecies,hesays.Hartand

hiscolleaguesalsoregularlyvisitAntarcticaandotherpenguinbreedingsitesin

thesouthernhemispheretotakeimageswithflyingdrones（无人机）andtocollect

penguinfaeces（粪便），whichtheythenanalyseinthelaboratorytogainfurther

insights.Earlyresultsfromtheprojectarerevealingsomeofthechallenges

thatvariouspenguinpopulationsarefacingastheirenvironmentchanges.

Nestflooding,forexample,mayreducesurvivalofeggsandchicks.Ina

recentstudy,Hartandhisteamfoundthatheavysnoweventsoverlappedwith

declinesinnumbersofgentoopenguinchicks.MeltingiceinAntarcticaalso

posesathreat."OntheAntarcticpeninsula,Adéliepenguinsandchinstrap

penguinsaredoingverybadly,"saysHart.Populationsofice-lovingpenguinslike

Adéliesandchinstrapsarelikelytocontinuetodecline,hesays,whereasgentoo

penguins,whichtendtopreferanenvironmentwithlessseaiceandmoreexposed

rock,mayfarebetter.PenguinWatchandotherresearcheffortsshouldhelpto

giveaclearerpictureofhowindividualcoloniesarerespondingtoclimatechange,

aswellastootherpressures.Hart'steamregularlyvisitspenguinbreeding

sitesto______。

processpenguinpictureassessing

collectpenguinfaecesforanalysis

A:

findnewpenguinspecies

B:

countpenguinchicks

C:

答D:案：B

9、【单选题】Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Nexttimeyouarestrugglingtofallasleep,trycountingpenguinsinstead

ofsheep.Doingsocouldhelpusseehowthebirdsarebeingaffectedby

threatslikeclimatechange.TomHartattheUniversityofOxfordandhis

colleaguesareconstantlycapturingphotographsofpenguinsthroughanetworkof

about140remotecamerasplantedacrossAntarctica（南极洲）.Therearefarmore

imagesthantheresearcherscanprocessontheirown，soHartandhisteamsetup

aprojectcalledPenguinWatch.Throughtheproject'swebsite,youcanjoinmore

than1millioncitizenscientistswhohaveparticipatedsofarandhelptheteam

byflickingthroughphotographsonlineandclickingwhereveryouspotapenguin.

Youwillbeaskedtomarkadultpenguins,chicksandeggsintheimages,by

clickingonthecenterofeachone.Ifounditsurprisinglyaddictive.Youcan

alsokeepaneyeoutforotherseabirdsthatmightappearandmarkthesefor

researcherstoidentifylater.Inadditiontoprovidingcluesabouthowthese

animalsarebehavingandinteractingwiththeirchangingenvironment,yourwork

willalsohelptheteamtotrainartificialintelligence,whichisincreasingly

allowingthegrouptoprocesspictureassessingautomatically."Wenowprocess

abouthalfofit,"saysHart.Theteamstillreliesheavilyonvolunteers,though,

especiallytohelpspotunusualthings,suchasnewspecies,hesays.Hartand

hiscolleaguesalsoregularlyvisitAntarcticaandotherpenguinbreedingsitesin

thesouthernhemispheretotakeimageswithflyingdrones（无人机）andtocollect

penguinfaeces（粪便），whichtheythenanalyseinthelaboratorytogainfurther

insights.Earlyresultsfromtheprojectarerevealingsomeofthechallenges

thatvariouspenguinpopulationsarefacingastheirenvironmentchanges.

Nestflooding,forexample,mayreducesurvivalofeggsandchicks.Ina

recentstudy,Hartandhisteamfoundthatheavysnoweventsoverlappedwith

declinesinnumbersofgentoopenguinchicks.MeltingiceinAntarcticaalso

posesathreat."OntheAntarcticpeninsula,Adéliepenguinsandchinstrap

penguinsaredoingverybadly,"saysHart.Populationsofice-lovingpenguinslike

Adéliesandchinstrapsarelikelytocontinuetodecline,hesays,whereasgentoo

penguins,whichtendtopreferanenvironmentwithlessseaiceandmoreexposed

rock,mayfarebetter.PenguinWatchandotherresearcheffortsshouldhelpto

giveaclearerpictureofhowindividualcoloniesarerespondingtoclimatechange,

aswellastootherpressures.Whichofthefollowingmaycauseareductionin

thenumberofgentoochicks?

Meltingice.

Heavysnow.

A:

Exposedrocks.

B:

Buzzingdrones.

C:

答D:案：B

10、【单选题】Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Nexttimeyouarestrugglingtofallasleep,trycountingpenguinsinstead

ofsheep.Doingsocouldhelpusseehowthebirdsarebeingaffectedby

threatslikeclimatechange.TomHartattheUniversityofOxfordandhis

colleaguesareconstantlycapturingphotographsofpenguinsthroughanetworkof

about140remotecamerasplantedacrossAntarctica（南极洲）.Therearefarmore

imagesthantheresearcherscanprocessontheirown，soHartandhisteamsetup

aprojectcalledPenguinWatch.Throughtheproject'swebsite,youcanjoinmore

than1millioncitizenscientistswhohaveparticipatedsofarandhelptheteam

byflickingthroughphotographsonlineandclickingwhereveryouspotapenguin.

Youwillbeaskedtomarkadultpenguins,chicksandeggsintheimages,by

clickingonthecenterofeachone.Ifounditsurprisinglyaddictive.Youcan

alsokeepaneyeoutforotherseabirdsthatmightappearandmarkthesefor

researcherstoidentifylater.Inadditiontoprovidingcluesabouthowthese

animalsarebehavingandinteractingwiththeirchangingenvironment,yourwork

willalsohelptheteamtotrainartificialintelligence,whichisincreasingly

allowingthegrouptoprocesspictureassessingautomatically."Wenowprocess

abouthalfofit,"saysHart.Theteamstillreliesheavilyonvolunteers,though,

especiallytohelpspotunusualthings,suchasnewspecies,hesays.Hartand

hiscolleaguesalsoregularlyvisitAntarcticaandotherpenguinbreedingsitesin

thesouthernhemispheretotakeimageswithflyingdrones（无人机）andtocollect

penguinfaeces（粪便），whichtheythenanalyseinthelaboratorytogainfurther

insights.Earlyresultsfromtheprojectarerevealingsomeofthechallenges

thatvariouspenguinpopulationsarefacingastheirenvironmentchanges.

Nestflooding,forexample,mayreducesurvivalofeggsandchicks.Ina

recentstudy,Hartandhisteamfoundthatheavysnoweventsoverlappedwith

declinesinnumbersofgentoopenguinchicks.MeltingiceinAntarcticaalso

posesathreat."OntheAntarcticpeninsula,Adéliepenguinsandchinstrap

penguinsaredoingverybadly,"saysHart.Populationsofice-lovingpenguinslike

Adéliesandchinstrapsarelikelytocontinuetodecline,hesays,whereasgentoo

penguins,whichtendtopreferanenvironmentwithlessseaiceandmoreexposed

rock,mayfarebetter.PenguinWatchandotherresearcheffortsshouldhelpto

giveaclearerpictureofhowindividualcoloniesarerespondingtoclimatechange,

aswellastootherpressures.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

Toshowawayofphotographingpenguins.

ToillustratetherichvarietyofpenguinsinAntarctica.

A:

Todevelopadvancedtechnologiesforpenguinprotection.

B:

Todrawpeople'sattentiontotheenvironmentalthreatstopenguins.

C:

答D:案：D

11、【单选题】Passage3Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Weoftenhearaboutworklifebalance-havingagoodbalancebetweenwork

andpersonaltime.Whilethismaysoundlikeasmartidea,itcanalsoimply

weshoulddedicateatleasthalfofourtimetoworkandsacrificetimefor

our"personallife".Tome,thatseemsoffbalance.Because,thetruthis,

it'snearlyimpossibleto