黄金卷6-2023年高考英语模拟卷（新高考II卷）（解析版）

【赢在高考・黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（新高考II卷）

黄金卷06

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需

改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的

答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出

最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段

对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是Co

1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttobe?

A.Ascientist.B.Amathteacher.C.Awriter.

【答案】A

【原文】

M:Whichsubjectdoyoulikebest,Linda?

W:Science.IwanttobeascientistwhenIgrowup.

2.What'sthedatetoday?

A.April2nd.B.April1st.C.March31st.

【答案】C

【原文】

M:IhopeIcanseeyouatmybirthdayparty.

W:I'msogladtobeinvited,butwhenisit?

M:Well,onApril2ndJustthedayaftertomorrow.

3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Sellerandbuyer.

【答案】A

【原文】

W:Howmanybooksarerequiredforthecourse?

M:Onlytwo,buttheprofessorhassuggestedalonglistasreadingmaterials.

W:Oh,1willbuythetwobookswhichtheprofessormentioned.

4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutthescenery?

A.Dull.B.Exciting.C.Changeable.

【答案】A

【原文】

W:Howmuchlongeruntilwegetthere?We'vebeenonthissameroadforhours,andthescenery

hasn'tevenchanged.

M:Anotherhourorso.Iknowwhatyoumean,though.Itwouldbenicetoseesometalltreesora

hillsometime.

5.Wherewasthesoundcomingfrom?

A.Aphone.B.ATV.C.Acomputer.

【答案】A

【原文】

W:Whatwasthatsound?Itsoundedlikesomeonelaughing.Issomeoneinthehouse,ordidyou

forgettotumoffthemovie?

M:Don'tbesilly.That'sjustsomeonecallingme.IdownloadedtheringfromtheInternet.

第二节（共15小题，每小题L5分，满分22・5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三

个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；

听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Howmanypeopleweregoingonthetripatfirst?

A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.

7.Whydoesthewomanwanttoreschedule?

A.Theticketswillbecheaperlater.

B.Thetripwillcostmorethanherbudget.

C.Thevenuewillbechanged.

【答案】6.A7.B

【原文】

W:Janetsaysthatshecan'tmakeitthisweekend.

M:NowthatsheandPaulbothcanceled,itwilljustbeus.

W:Shouldwestillgothen?Idon'tknowifitisworthit.

M:Ithinkweshouldstillgo.Theticketsarecheaperthannormalthisweekend.

W:Theticketsmaybecheaper,butthehotelwillcostmorewithoutthemtosplitthebillwith.I

stillwanttoseethemuseum,butIcanwait.1onlyputasideenoughmoneyforouroriginalplan.

M:Iguessyou'reright.Theexhibitionwillnotbemovingforafewmonthsstill.We'Hget

anotherchancetoseeitifwereschedule.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Aneventtheyareattending.

B.Thingstheyboughtyesterday.

C.Themovietheywillwatchtonight.

9.HowwillthewomangettoLaura'shouse?

A.Shewilltakeataxi.B.Shewillgotherebybus.C.Shewillaskhermomtodriveherthere.

10.Whatwillthespeakersdoafterdinner?

A.Gotothemall.B.Gotoanappointment.C.WatchaDVD.

【答案】8.A9.B10.C

【原文】

M:Howareyouplanningtogettothebirthdayparty?ShouldIpickyouupinataxionmyway

there?

W:Thatwon'tbenecessary.Tmatthemallwithmymomrightnow,soI'mprettyclose.Thereis

abusstationrightacrossthestreet.

M:Can'tyoujustaskyourmomtodriveyouthere?

W:Shehasahairappointment,andshewon'tbefinishedintime.

M:Thafstoobad.So,areyoubuyingLauraagiftrightnow?

W:Igaveittoheryesterdayonheractualbirthday.Tmjusthereapplyingforajob.

M:Goodforyou.Anyway,doyouknowwhattheplanisfortonight?

W:Yeah.YouandIwillgotherefirstandhelphersetup.Wheneveryoneelseshowsup,we'lleat,

andthenwe'HwatchaDVD.

M:Soundslikeaplan!

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Whydoesthemanoftengototheconcert?

A.Toaccompanythewoman.B.Tolearnfromothers.C.Toimprovehissinging.

12.Whatdoesthewomanlikedoingbestinhersparetime?

A.Playingthepiano.B.Learningthetheoryofmusic.C.Practisingtheviolin.

13.Wheredothespeakersagreetogo?

A.Afamousmusicschool.B.Theman'suncle'shome.C.Amusicalinstrumentstore.

【答案】11.B12.A13.B

【原文】

M:Nowweonlyhavefivedaysofclasseseveryweek,sowehavemoresparetimethanbefore.

W:Howdoyouspendyoursparetime,Tom?

M:IhavemuchinterestinplayingtheviolinandIcontinuetopractiseplayingit.

W:Doyouoftengotoaconcert?

M:Yes,Ilikelisteningtosomemusic.Atpresent,mymajorpurposeistolearnfromothers.

W:Doyoulikeclassicalmusicorpop?

M:Ilikeboth.Howdoyouspendyoursparetimethen,Lily?

W:Playingthepianoismyfavoriteactivity.

M:Ourhobbiesaresimilartoeachother.Ihopewecanoftenexchangeexperiencetogether.

W:SodoI,butTmweakinthetheoryofmusic.

M:Me,too.Wouldyouliketogowithmetomyuncle's?He'saprofessorofmusic.

W:I'mgladtogowithyou.Iwouldaskhimforhisadvice.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Whydoesthewomanneedajob?

A.Toearnmoney.B.Togainexperience.C.Tokilltime.

15.Whatshouldthewomandoifshetakesthejob?

A.Sortgoods.B.Dothehomedelivery.C.Buysupplies.

16.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?

A.Shehasnotimeforafter-classactivities.

B.Sheworkshardatcollege.

C.Shewillgraduatesoon.

17.Whendoestheshopopeninthemorning?

A.At8:00.B.At8:30.C.At9:00.

【答案】14.A15.A16.B17.C

【原文】

M:Goodafternoon,MissWhite.TmNolanMoore.So,you'veappliedforthesalesassistantjob

onSunday,right?

W:Goodafternoon,Mr.Moore.Yes,I'mlookingforwardtoapart-timejobonweekendstohelp

methroughuniversity.

M:Isee.Butdoyouknowwhatyoushoulddoifyoutakethejob?

W:Yes,Ineedtoputthegoodsontheshelvesinorder,delivergoods,checkonthesuppliesand

soon.

M:You'reright.Butyoudon'tneedtodothehomedelivery.Well,whatkindofstudentdoyou

thinkofyourselfas?

W:IsupposeI'mresponsible,carefi.ilandpatient.Everyterm,Igetthehighestgradepoint

average.AndItakeanactivepartinvariousactivities.

M:Okay.Nowdoyouhaveanyotherquestions?

W:Yes.MayIknowwhattheworkinghoursare?

M:Youareexpectedtoarriveat8:30inthemorning,30minutesearlierthanouropeningtime.

Wecloseat6:30p.m.Youcanleavetheshop5minuteslater.

W:Okay.HowsoonwillIreceiveareply?

M:Tilinformyouinthreedaysbyemail.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.Howisthenewsbeingbroadcast?

A.OvertheInternet.B.Overtheradio.C.OnTV.

19.Whichcityistheweatherreportmainlyabout?

A.HongKong.B.Shanghai.C.Guangzhou.

20.Whenwilltheheavyrainsmovenorth?

A.InMay.B.InJuly.C.InAugust.

【答案】18.A19.C20.B

【原文】

Goodmorning,thisisSamanthafromTheWeatherService,yourfreeInternetweatherstation

withnewsaroundtheworldandaroundtheclock.YourpreferredcityisGuangzhou.In

Guangzhouthisweek,weexpectmoreheavyrains,sinceweareonlyatthebeginningofJune.

Maywasratherdry,butthestormsshouldpickupagainbeforetheweekend.HongKongis

expectedtogethithardestwiththisnextcycleofrain,buteverywheresouthofShanghaialongthe

coastshouldseesomeamountofrainfall.Guangzhouwillgetaroundfourcentimetersoverthe

nextfivedays.Anotherbandofraincanbeseenontheradar,butit'stoofarsouthoverthesea

rightnow.Soit'shardtosaywhenitwillhitGuangzhou.Thisweatherpatternshouldcontinue

throughJuneandintoJuly,whentheheavyrainswillfinallymovetothenorthofChina.Thisis

thelatestupdateforyourGuangzhouweather.Remember,youcancheckbackatTheWeather

Serviceanytime-dayornight—togetupdatesonyourlocalweatherortheweatherinyour

favoritecity.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

NewStoriesAwaitJustforYou

Welcometothe2022HalLeonardVocal（声乐的）Competition

2022willbethetwelfthyearoftheannualHalLeonardVbcalCompetition,aninnovative

onlinecompetitionforsingers.ThisistheonlyvocalcompetitionforallofNorthAmericaaimed

atyoungsingers,aged23andunder,andoneofthefirstcompetitionsformusicstudentsheld

entirelyonlineonYouTube.

Unlikealmosteveryothermusiccompetition,thereisnoentryfee,makingitaccessibleto

anyqualifiedsinger,whorecordsavideoofsingingasong,andthenpostsitontheInternetbythe

deadline.Thissavesthecommonlyencounteredexpensesoftravelingtospecificdestinations,as

isthecaseinconventionalmusiccompetitions.

Itincludesfouragecategories:

•Children:12andunder

•EarlyTeens:13〜15

•HighSchool:16〜18

•CollegeUndergraduates/YoungAdults:19〜23

Acertainamountofmoneyisawardedtofirstplacewinnersineachcategory,andvaluable

giftcertificatesareawardedtothosesingersplacedsecondandthird.Giftcertificatesarealso

possibleforthosenamedHonorableMention.

Notice:

•VideoentriesmustbesubmittedbeforeFebruary2,2022.

•Thevideomustclearlyshowyourface.Astationaiycamerapositionthroughout,showing

yourfaceandmostofyourbody,isperfectlyacceptable,evenpreferable.

•Singersarerequiredtosingtheirselectionsfrommemory.Ifasinger'sperfbnnanceisnot

memorized,theentrywillbedisqualified.

•Youmaysingwithalivepianistinyourvideoentry,oryoumaysingwithofficialHal

Leonardrecordedaccompaniments.Wewillnotacceptunaccompaniedentries.Youcannot

accompanyyourself.

•Youarerequiredtointroduceyourselfandyourselectionsinthevideo,eitherverbally

beforeyourselectionorwithatitlecardbeforethesongs.

21.Howisthecompetitiondifferentfromothermusiccompetitions?

A.Itisheldannually.B.Itchargesnoentryfee.

C.Itisaimedatteens.D.Itofferstravelchances.

22.Whatwillgotothefirstplacewinners?

A.Cashprizes.B.Traveltickets.

C.Giftcertificates.D.Expensivecameras.

23.Whataretheparticipantsrequiredtodointheirvideoentries?

A.Hidetheirfacesallthetime.B.Accompanythemselvesalone.

C.Singsongsfromtheirmemory.D.Avoidintroducingthemselves.

【参考答案】

21.B22.A23.C

【语篇解读】

本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个音乐比赛的相关信息。

【详情解析】

21.【B】细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlikealmosteveryothermusiccompetition,thereisnoentry

fee,makingitaccessibletoanyqualifiedsinger,whorecordsavideoofsingingasong,and

thenpostsitontheinternetbythedeadline.与几乎所有其他音乐比赛不同的是，该比赛不收

取报名费，任何合格的歌手都可以参加，他们只需录制一段唱歌的视频，然后在截止日期

前将其发布到互联网上），，可知，这个比赛与其他音乐比赛的不同之处是不收取参赛费。故

选B。

22.[A]细节理解题。根据第四段“Acertainamountofmoneyisawardedtofirstplacewinners

ineachcategory,andvaluablegiftcertificatesareawardedtothosesingersplacedsecondand

third.（每个类别的第一名将获得一定金额的奖金，第二名和第三名将获得有价值的礼券广

可知，一等奖的获得者可以获得现金奖励。故选A。

23.【C】细节理解题。根据Notice部分“Singersarerequiredtosingtheirselectionsfrommemory.

Ifasinger'sperformanceisnotmemorized,theentrywillbedisqualified.（•歌手被要求凭记，忆

演唱他们的选段。如果歌手的表演没有被记住，将被取消参赛资格）”可知，参赛者在参赛

视频中必须要脱稿唱歌。故选C。

B

Afewyearsago,Isparedacoupleofhoursfrombusyacademiclearningtoworkinavideo

storeonadailybasis.Therewassomethingintheelderlywoman'sbehaviorthatcaughtmyeye.

Althoughslowandunsureofstep,thewomanmovedwithdeliberation,andtherewasno

hesitationinhergestures.Andshehadajobtodo.

Theelderlywomanhadwalkedintothestorealongwithayoungerwomanwhoguessedwas

herdaughter.Thedaughterwasdisplayingaseriouscaseofimpatience,checkingherwatchevery

fewseconds.Theolderwomandetachedfromtheyoungeroneandbegantotickthroughthe

DVDsonthenearestshelf.Aftertheslightesthesitation,IwalkedoverandaskedifIcouldhelp

herfindsomething.Thewomansmiledupatmeandshowedmeatitlescrawledonacrumpled

（皱巴巴的）pieceofpaper.Thetitlewasabitdifficulttounderstand.Clearlyapersonlookingfor

itknewalittleaboutmovies,aboutquality.

RatherthanrushingofftolocatetheDVDforthewoman,IaskedhertowalkwithmesoI

couldshowherwhereshecouldfindit.Somethingaboutherdeliberatemovementsremindedme

ofmyownmother,who'ddepartedthislifelastChristmas.Aswewalkedalongthebackofthe

store,Inarrateditsfloorplan.Thewomanseemedgladoftheunrushedcompanyandcasual

conversation.Wefoundthemovie,andIcomplimented（称赞）heronherchoice.Then,reluctantly,

Ihadtoreturntheelderlywomantoherkeeper,whowasstilltappingherfootatthefrontofthe

store.

Iwalkedovertotheyoungerwoman."Isthatyourmom?^^Iasked.Sherolledhereyesand

said,"Yeah."Therewasannoyanceinherreply,halfsighandhalfcomplaint.Stillwatchingthe

mother,Isaid,“Mindsomeadvice?”"SureJsaidthedaughter.IsmiledtoshowherIwasn't

criticizing.Iansweredhercuriousexpressionbysaying,"Whenshe'sgone,it'sthelittlemoments

thatwillcomebacktoyou.Momentslikethis.Iusedtoletitslip.Iknow.”

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“shehadajobtodo“inparagraph1mean?

A.Shewasthinkingofwhattobuy.B.Shehadaregularjobinthestore.

C.ShewantedtobuyaDVD.D.Shewantedtoaskforhelp.

25.Whichwordcanbestdescribethedaughter'sbehaviorstowardshermom?

A.Impolite.B.Uncaring.C.Tolerant.D.Considerate.

26.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?

A.Shewasill-informedofqualitymovies.B.Shewasafull-timeemployeeinthestore.

C.Sheregrettednotaccompanyinghermom.D.Shecriticizedtheyoungerwomanseriously.

27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.LendahelpinghandtoelderlypeopleB.Motherisnotwhatwecansubstitute

C.ThepastcannotbecalledbackagainD.Alwaystreasuretheonesyoulove

【参考答案】

24.C25.B26.C27.D

【语篇解读】

这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个老太太想买DVD,她的女儿却极不耐烦，一个店员

注意到这一点后，耐心地陪老太太找DVD,表现得很体贴，给了她一次不受拘束的陪伴。

故文章主要强调的是陪伴和理解的重要性，要懂得珍惜你身边所爱的人。

【详情解析】

24.【C】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Theolderwomandetachedfromtheyoungeroneandbegan

totickthroughtheDVDsonthenearestshelf.”（年长的女人离开了年轻的女人，开始在最近

的架子上翻看DVDs。）可知，这个老太太与女儿分开后开始扫视最近架子上的DVD,因

此可猜测shehadajobtodo“她还有工作要做”指的是“她想买一张DVD"。故选C项。

25.【B】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thedaughterwasdisplayingaseriouscaseofimpatience,

checkingherwatcheveryfewseconds.^^（女儿表现出严重的不耐烦，每隔几秒钟就看一下

手表。）故可推知，最能描述女儿对妈妈的行为的一词是“心不在焉的故选B项。

26.【C】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Somethingaboutherdeliberatemovementsremindedmeof

myownmother,who'ddepartedthislifelastChristmas.'%她小心翼翼的动作让我想起了我的

母亲，她在去年圣诞节离开了人世。）以及最后一段中“Whenshe，sgone,i『sthelittle

momentsthatwillcomebacktoyou.Momentslikethis.Iusedtoletitslip.Iknow.,,（她走了以

后，你会回想起那些短暂的时光。像这样的时刻。我以前总是让它溜走。我知道）可知，

关于作者我们能推断出，她后悔没有陪妈妈。故选C项。

27.【D】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“Iansweredhercuriousexpressionby

saying,44Whenshe'sgone,it'sthelittlemomentsthatwillcomebacktoyou.Momentslikethis.

Iusedtoletitslip.Iknow.""（我对她好奇的表情回答说：“她走了以后，你会回想起那些短

暂的时光。像这样的时刻。我以前总是让它溜走。我知道。可知，文章主要强调的是

陪伴和理解的重要性，要懂得珍惜你身边所爱的人。故文章最好的标题是“永远珍惜你所

爱的人故选D项。

C

Whensomepeoplehearself-discipline,theythinkthatit'sboring.Theyequateadisciplined

lifetofeelingsofentrapment.Allowmetotellyouastory.

Onahotsunnyday,Berthaisbuzzingbyherhivewithsomeotherbees,justrelaxingand

havingagoodtime.Suddenlyabearstartstoapproachherhiveforsomehoneyandbeeeggs.To

saveherhive,Berthastingsthebear.Butitsskinissothickthatonceshetriestopullherstingout

shedismembers（肢解）herselfanddies.

ThesadpartisthatBerthahasnochoice.Throughyearsofevolutionshehasdevelopeda

biologicalreactiontodangers-tostingthreats.Ifshehadknownshewoulddie,shemighthave

flownawayandsavedherownlife.

Beesareprisonersoftheirownbiology,buthumanscanoverridetheirbiologythrough

self-discipline.

Mostpeoplehavelong-termdesiresforlastingrelationships,meaningfulcareersorhealthy

bodiesbutareconstantlytemptedbyshorttermpleasures,suchasjunkfoodorvideogames.Deep

downtheyreallywantthelifethatcomesinthelongterm.Yettheykeepgivingintoshort-term

pleasures.

Theonlydifferenceisself-discipline.Luckily,humanshavetheabilitytopractice

self-discipline.Itgivesusthefreedomtoachievewhatwetrulywantinlifeandallowustobreak

freeofthebiologicalorsocietalcagesaroundus.Butit'snotthatsimple.

Companiesareawareofournatural,biologicalreactionsandusethisagainstusbyusing

supernormalstimuli.Anexampleisjunkfood.Ourancestorswerewiredtoseekoutandenjoyfat

andsaltyfoodbecauseitwassorareatthetime.Butnowcompanieshavegeneticallyengineered

foodtoincludemorefatsandsaltsthaneverbeforeinordertomakeusdesireitevenmore.

SocialmediaandtheInternetasawholeisanotherformofsupernormalstimuli.Humansare

biologicallywiredtoseekoutnovelty.Forourancestorsnoveltycouldleadtomoreknowledge

abouttheworld,whichcouldleadtomorewisdomthathelpedusthriveasaspecies.Ithasits

usefulness.However,theInternethasbeendesignedtotakeadvantageofthisdesirefornoveltyby

showingyoumorenoveltythanyoucaneverdreamof.Everypagelinksoutmorepages.And

everyvideotoavideowithevenmorenovelty.Videogamesdothesamething.

Ontheplusside,however,youandIarenotlikethebee,becausewearenotcasedbyour

ownbiology.Withself-discipline,wecanlivethelifewetrulywant.Wehavethechoicetobe

free.

28.WhyisthestoryofBerthamentionedinparagraphtwo?

A.Toillustratewhatevolutionis.B.Toarousereaders'sympathyfbrBertha.

C.Todrawreaders5attentiontoself-discipline.D.Toofferaperfectexampleofself-discipline.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stimuli“inparagraphsevenmostprobablymean?

A.Somethingthatencouragescertainreactions.

B.Somethingthatisunhealthyforpeopletoeat.

C.Somethingthatdoesgoodtoourmentalhealth.

D.Somethingthatdiscouragespeoplefromtakingaction.

30.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardssocialmediaandtheInternet?

A.Approving.B.Objective.C.Critical.D.Cautious.

31.Whatmakestheauthorthinkhumansareluckycomparedwithbees?

A.Humans9blessingofanadvancedbiologicalsystem.

B.Humans'desirestoliveanideallife.

C.Humans'eagernesstoovercomeinborndisadvantages.

D.Humans,abilitytopracticeself-discipline.

【参考答案】

28.D29.A30.C31.D

【语篇解读】

这是一篇说明文。文章科普了自律对于人类生活的重要性，并列举了现实中的例子，自

律可以让人类摆脱生物本能的控制，选择理想的生活。

【详情解析】

28.【D】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Whensomepeoplehearself-discipline,theythinkthatit's

boring.Theyequateadisciplinedlifetofeelingsofentrapment.Allowmetotellyouastory.（当

一些人听到自律时，他们认为它很无聊。他们把有纪律的生活等同于陷入困境的感觉。请

允许我给你们讲个故事）”和第二段讲述了蜜蜂因为敌人入侵，出于生物本能，蜜蜂蛰了熊

自己也因此丧命以及第四段内容“Beesareprisonersoftheirownbiology,buthumanscan

overridetheirbiologythroughself・discipline.（蜜蜂是自身生物学的囚徒，但人类可以通过自

律来超越自身生物学本能。户可知，蜜蜂死亡的根本原因是蜜蜂缺乏自律，无法超越自己

的生物本能。由此推知，故事的目的就是提供一个有关自律的范例，体现出自律的重要性。

故选De

29.[A]词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Companiesareawareofournatural,biologicalreactions

andusethisagainstus,,（公司知道我们的自然生物反应，并利用这一点来对付我们）讲述

了一些公司利用我们的本能。后文“Anexampleisjunkfood.Ourancestorswerewiredto

seekoutandenjoyfatandsaltyfoodbecauseitwassorareatthetime.Butnowcompanies

havegeneticallyengineeredfoodtoincludemorefatsandsaltsthaneverbeforeinorderto

makeusdesireitevenmore「（垃圾食品就是一个例子。我们的祖先天生就喜欢寻找和享受

高脂高盐的食物，因为在当时这种食物非常罕见。但是现在公司已经通过基因工程改造食

品，使其含有比以往任何时候都多的脂肪和盐，从而使我们更加渴望它。）举了垃圾食品

的例子，因为祖先本能摄入高油高盐的食物，我们也会渴望这些食物。由此可见，公司生

产的产品是促使人的这些本能行为发生，所以划线词stimuli的含义为“刺激物”，故选A。

30.【C】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Humansarebiologicallywiredtoseekoutnovelty.For

ourancestorsnoveltycouldleadtomoreknowledgeabouttheworld,whichcouldleadtomore

wisdomthathelpedusthriveasaspecies.Ithasitsusefulness.v（人类天生就喜欢寻找新奇事

物。对于我们的祖先来说，新奇可以带来更多关于世界的知识，这可以带来更多的智慧，

帮助我们作为一个物种繁荣昌盛。它有它的用处。）可知，人类生物本能有对新奇事物的

探索，并且这种探索具有积极意义。而下文“However,theInternethasbeendesignedtotake

advantageofthisdesirefornoveltybyshowingyoumorenoveltythanyoucaneverdreamof.”

（然而，互联网的设计就是为了利用这种对新奇事物的渴望，向你展示比你想象中更多的

新奇事物）语气转折，指出媒体利用人的好奇心产生源源不断的内容吸引人去看，因此可

以推断这部分说的是比较负面的影响，因而作者对互联网和媒体持批判态度。故选C。

31.[D]细节理解题。根据最后一段“however,youandIarenotlikethebee,becausewearenot

casedbyourownbiology.Withself-discipline,wecanlivethelifewetrulywant.Wehavethe

choicetobefree."（然而，你和我并不像蜜蜂，因为我们不是由我们自己的生物特征决定

的。有了自律，我们可以过我们真正想要的生活。我们可以选择自由。）可知，相比蜜蜂，

人类有着自律的能力。故选D。

D

Whenyou'regoingthroughaperiodofanxietyordepressionitcanbedifficulttomake

decisions,whetherthosearesignificantlifechangesoreverydaychoices.Thosewithgeneralized

anxietydisorderormooddisordersoftenreportfeelinguncomfortablewithorbeingtroubledby

feelingsofuncertainty-whichdoesn'thelpwhenyouneedtomakeadecision,bigorsmall.

Nowinanewstudy,researchersfindthatpeoplewithhigherlevelsofanxietyanddepression

arelessabletoadapttofast-changingsituations.Butwiththerightintervention（干预）theremay

bewaystohelpthosewithanxietyordepressionmakebetterdecisionsinthemoment.

Participantswereagedbetween18and55;somehadsymptomsofgeneralizedanxiety

disorderormajordepressivedisorder,whileothershadnohistoryofmentalillnessatall.

Inthestudy,afterfillinginmeasuresrelatedtoanxiety,depression,andworry,participants

tookpartinavideogame.Ineachround,theywereaskedtochoosebetweentwoshapes:picking

onneshaperesultedinareward,whiletheotherdeliveredanelectricshock.

Thetasktookplaceintwoblocks-onestable,inwhichoneshapewasassociatedwitha

reward75%ofthetimeandtheother25%ofthetime,andtheotherunstable,inwhichtheshape

withahigherprobabilityofresultinginrewardswitchedeverytwentytrials.Intheunstableblock,

therefore,theparticipantshadtokeepadjustingtheirresponsesastheprobabilitieschange.

Thoseparticipantswithsymptomsofanxietyordepressionwereslowertoadjusttheir

responsestothechangesinprobabilities.Thissuggeststhatmooddisordersareassociatedwith

difficultymakingdecisionsinchangingcircumstances.

SeniorauthorSoniaBishoparguesthatthoseparticipantswhoadaptedquicklydidso

becauseoftheiremotionalresilience（适应力）."Emotionallyresilientpeopletendtofocuson

whatgavethemagoodoutcome,andinmanyreal-worldsituationsthatmightbekeytolearning

tomakegooddecisions,“shesays.

SoniaBishopsuggeststhatencouragingpeopletofocusonpastsuccessesratherthanfailures

couldbeausefulbehavioralintervention,makingthosedifficultdecisionsabitlesstricky.

32.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingaffectsdecision-making?

A.Feelinguncomfortablewithsomeone.B.Feelingunsureofwhatwillhappen.

C.Wonderingwhowillmakeadecision.D.Wonderinghowtohelpmakeadecision.

33.Whatwasthepurposeoftheunstableblock?

A.Tocreateafast-changingsituation.B.Totrainparticipantstorespondtochanges.

C.Tomakethevideogamemorechallenging.D.Tohelpthosewithanxietymakedecisions.

34.WhydoesSoniaBishopsuggestfocusingonpastsuccesses?

A.Toimprovedecision-making.B.Toremembertheachievements.

C.Toadaptquicklytoanewsituation.D.Toavoidmakingdifficultdecisions.

35.Whatadvicecanbegivenaccordingtothestudy?

A.Trytothinkquicklywhenmakingdecisions.

B.Don'texpecttoomuchwhenmakingdecisions.

C.Don'tfocusononesinglethingwhenmakingdecisions.

D.Reduceyouranxietyordepressionwhenmakingdecisions.

【参考答案】

32.B33.A34.A35.D

【语篇解读】

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当人们经历焦虑或抑郁时期时很难做出决定。—项新的研究发

现，只要有正确的干预也许有办法帮助那些焦虑或抑郁的人做出更好的决定。

【详情解析】

32.[B]细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Thosewithgeneralizedanxietydisorderormood

disordersoftenreportfeelinguncomfortablewithorbeingtroubledbyfeelingsof

uncertainty-whichdoesn'thelpwhenyouneedtomakeadecision,bigorsmall.（患有丁.泛性

焦虑症或情绪障碍的人经常报告说，他们对不确定感感到不舒服或感到困扰，而这种不确

定感在你需要做出重大或小决定时都没有帮助。）''可知根据文章，影响决策的一项是不确

定会发生什么，故选B。

33.[A]推理判断题。文章第五段讲到“andtheotherunstable,inwhichtheshapewithahigher

probabilityofresultinginrewardswitchedeverytwentytrials.Intheunst