第十节并列连词和状语从句讲义-高三英语一轮复习

第十节并列连词和状语从句〔真题演练〕1.[2022全国新高考Ⅰ]TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticity（原真性）andintegrityofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets（资产）forfuturegenerations”.2.[2022全国乙]The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative”issued（发布）attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytoetogethertopromoteinternationalcooperationandculturalexchanges.3.[2021全国甲]Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.4.[2020全国Ⅲ]When/Asheaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary（传奇的）artist,theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver.〔必备知识〕考点一并列连词常考的并列连词表示转折、对比关系but、yet（然而）、while（然而，强调对比或转折）等Iwasneververyneat,whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.我从来不是一个很爱整洁的人，然而我的室友凯特却极有条理。Turntheheatdownorit’llburn.把炉火开小一些，不然它就烧焦了。表示并列关系and、both...and...、notonly...but（also）...、neither...nor...等表示选择关系or、either...or...、not...but...等并列句“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”，有时祈使句部分也可用名词短语考点特训1.[2022安徽安庆二模]Tomakeboththelunarcalendarandthesolarcalendaragree,aleapmonthneedstobeaddedevery2to3years.2.[2021全国新高考Ⅰ]Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.3.[2021浙江6月]AlthoughMarylovedflowers,neithershenorherhusbandwasknownasagardener.4.Everyonewassilent,waitingtoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisorherparagraphaloud.5.SometimesIamlazyanddon’twanttoworkhard,butthemomentIthinkofmymottoIwillgetenergeticagainanddevotemyselftowhatIamdoing.考点二状语从句一、时间状语从句1.when/while/as引导的时间状语从句when（1）when引导的从句的谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。IlovedhistorywhenIwasatschool.我上学时喜欢历史。（2）主句为过去进行时，从句为一般过去时时，表示两种含义：①表示在主句动作过程中发生了从句的动作；②表示突然发生某事，意为“正当……时，突然”。还可以用beabouttodo...when句型。ItwasrainingwhenIstarted.我出发时正在下雨。Iwasjustgoingtotellyouwhenyouinterrupted.我正准备告诉你，你突然打断了。whilewhile引导的从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生。Whilesomepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.当一些人被成功的需要驱动的时候,另一些人却被失败的恐惧驱动着。asas可表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行,可译为“一边……,一边……;随着……”。Astheaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.随着人口平均年龄的增长,有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。2.表示“一……就……”的连词或名词短语引导的时间状语从句（1）assoonas、themoment、theminute、theinstant、immediately、directly等Themomentmyauntgainedherdiplomaafterfouryearsofhardwork,shewasfilledwithjoy.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了毕业文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。（2）在hardly...when...、nosooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。Wehadhardlysatdowntosupperwhenthephonerang.我们刚坐下用晚餐，就响了。3.before、since引导的时间状语从句（1）before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。常用句式：①Itwillbe/was＋一段时间＋before...要过/过了……时间才……；②Itwon’tbe/wasn’t＋一段时间＋before...要不了多久就/没过多久就……。Ifyoumissthischance,itwillbeyearsbeforeyougetanotherone.如果你错过了这个机会,那要过很多年你才能获得另一个。（2）since意为“自从……以来”，常用句式：Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since从句（常用过去时）。since引导的从句的时态若是一般过去时，主句的时态常为一般现在时、现在完成时或现在完成进行时。Asisreported,itisover100yearssinceTsinghuaUniversitywasfounded.据报道，自清华大学建立以来已有一百多年了。4.till/until引导的时间状语从句主句是肯定句时，until/till表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；主句是否定句时，not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until可用于句首，而till不能。Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearchandtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigureitout.如果你不理解某事，你可以去研究并和其他人讨论，直到你把它弄明白。5.everytime、eachtime、nexttime、thefirsttime、bythetime等引导的时间状语从句Bythetimeyouhavefinishedthisbook,yourmealwillgetcold.等你看完这本书,你的饭就凉了。二、让步状语从句1.although、though、as和while引导的让步状语从句Althoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow.虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。Hotas/thoughthenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.夜晚的空气虽然很热，但我们睡得很沉，因为长途旅行之后我们太累了。易错提示（1）though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句用倒装语序：表语/状语/谓语中的实义动词＋as＋主语＋其他，若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略冠词。（2）while引导的让步状语从句一般置于句首。2.evenif/though引导的让步状语从句evenif/though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。Timisingoodshapephysicallyeventhough/ifhedoesn’tgetmuchexercise.尽管蒂姆不怎么锻炼，但他身体状态很好。3.“疑问词ever”引导的让步状语从句“疑问词ever”引导让步状语从句时，相当于“nomatter+疑问词”。However/Nomatterhowhardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.不管你多么努力，不减少饭量，减肥很难。4.whether...or...引导的让步状语从句whether...or...意为“不管是……还是……”。该连词引导的让步状语从句表示正反两个方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。Allpeople,whethertheyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,havebeentryingtheirbesttohelpthoseinneedsincethedisaster.所有人，无论年老还是年轻，富裕还是贫穷，都一直在尽他们所能帮助灾后需要帮助的人们。三、其他状语从句条件状语从句if、unless（如果不,除非）、so/aslongas（只要）、onconditionthat（条件是）、incase（如果）、supposing（假如）、provided/providing（如果）Youwon’tgetpaidfortimeoffunlessyouhaveadoctor’snote.除非你有医生证明，否则你不上班便拿不到工资。Hehadhiscamerareadyincasehesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.他准备好了照相机，以防看到一些能够拍成好照片的东西。As/Sinceyouwereout,Ileftanote.你不在，所以我留了一张便条。IfoundallthemissingthingswhereIhadleftthem.我在丢东西的地方找到了所有丢失的东西。原因状语从句because、as、since、nowthat、consideringthat（考虑到,鉴于）目的状语从句sothat、inorderthat、incase（以防）结果状语从句sothat、so...that...、such...that...地点状语从句where、wherever方式状语从句as（按照）、asif/asthough（好像）比较状语从句than、as考点特训1.[2022湖北新高考信息卷]DujiangyanPandaBaseisthemostconvenientonebecauseitisneartoChengduCity.2.Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents’opinionunlesshewantstheirsupport.3.Ifwedon’tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.4.LocatedwheretheBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuProvincewillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadInitiative.5.Thisshouldserveasawarningthatpeopleshouldbeawareoftheirsurroundings,especiallywhen/whilecrossingroads.〔技巧点拨〕典例1Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,but/yetonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank.典例2IhadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusydryingmyselfwithatowelwhenIheardthesteps.〔分层特训〕Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.[2022广东广州天河区综合测试三]Thiswasusual,assheawokehungryeverymorning,andcrieduntilhermothercamewiththatfirstbottleofmilk.2.[2022河北衡水中学高考押题卷]Forinstance,youhavetoaddingredientsinthecorrectorder,orcookieswillbeunpleasantlywet.3.[2022湖北四校模拟联考三]OnthedayofGrainRain,peopleinsouthernChinadrinktea,whilethoseinnorthernChinaeattheleavesofToonasinensis（香椿）.4.[2022广东汕尾高三期末调研]Although/Though/Whileculturediffersfromareatoarea,onethingisforcertain:Cultureschange.5.IworknotbecauseIhaveto,butbecauseIwantto.6.Onourwaytothehouse，itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.7.Findwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften,andyou’llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.8.We’regoingtothebookstoreinJohn’scar.Youcangowithusoryoucanmeetustherelater.9.Itwasquiteawhilebeforesherealizedthatshewaslookingathermom’slonglostoldweddingphotos.10.Ijustcan’thelpbuyingthingswhetherIneedthemornot.Ⅱ.语法填空[2022辽宁省实验中学高三考前模拟]AAnewpetitionhasbeenaddedtothecalendarofworldsportsevents—theBalloonWorldCup.Weareallfamiliar1withthe“sport”ofkeepingtheballoonup.Mostofushavejoinedinthedecadesoldpastimeof2keeping（keep）aballoonupintheairwithoutlettingittouchthefloor.SpanishsoccerstarGerardPiquélovedthissomuch3thathedevelopeditintoaninternationalevent.ThefirstBalloonWorldCup4washeld（hold）inSpainonThursday.Peru’sFrancescodelaCruzwastheveryfirstman5towin（win）theworldchampionship.HedefeatedGermany’sJanSpiessinthefinalwitha62victory.Mr.Piquégothis6inspiration（inspire）forthetournamentfromTikTokvideosthatwentpopular.Helovedwatchingclipsofthegame7played（play）byanAmericanfamilyduringtheCOVID19lockdown.Itthendevelopedfromthefamily’slivingroomintoa“KeepUpBalloonLeague”.Piquéthenmadethegameglobal.Theconteststookplaceonan8m×8mcourt,8whichcontainedlivingroomfurnitureas9barriers（barrier）.Teamsfrom32countriesparticipated.Piquésaid,“It’ssomething10totally（total）different.Sometimesyouhavetogetoutofyourfortzoneandtrynewthings.”TherearehopesthatitcouldbeeanOlympicevent.BMostChinesepeoplearefamiliarwithshadowpuppetry（皮影戏）.Itremindsthemoftheirexperienceofwatchingshadowplaysinsomete