适用于新高考新教材备战2025届高考英语一轮总复习教材知识复习Unit6Disasterandhope课件外研版必修第三册

Unit6

Disasterandhope主题语境:人与自然——自然灾害及其防范和应对措施

1强基础语基自测2研考点核心突破目录索引

3测效果课堂评价4研真题链接高考1强基础语基自测默写查验一、核心单词1.

n.灾难,灾祸

2.

v.预测,预报n.预测,预报

3.

v.攫取,抓住

4.

v.营救,解救n.营救,解救

5.

n.紧急情况,不测事件

6.

v.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)

v.&n.声称;认领;索要,索赔7.

n.危机

8.

adv.否则,要不然disaster

forecast

grab

rescue

emergencyclaim

crisis

otherwise语境应用Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Uponarrival,Edmonquicklyjumpedoffthetruckand

(grab)alongthickrope.

2.Itis

(forecast)tobewindyandcoldtomorrow,soyouhadbetterputonacoatbecausewehavetowaitinlineforsometime.

3.Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguidethatthemountainclimberwas

(rescue).

4.Theearthquakehassofar

(claim)over3,000lives.

grabbed

forecast

rescued

claimed默写查验二、派生单词1.

v.(火山)爆发,喷发→

n.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发

2.

adj.立即的,立刻的→

adv.即刻,马上

3.

v.发生→

n.发生

4.

vt.宣布;通告→

n.通告,公告→

n.播音员;广播员

5.

vi.依靠;依赖→

adj.可信赖的,可靠的

6.

n.威胁,可能会带来危险的人(事)→

v.威胁到,危及→

adj.威胁的

7.

adj.足够的,充足的→

n.足量,充足

erupteruption

immediateimmediately

occuroccurrence

announceannouncementannouncer

relyreliable

threatthreatenthreatening

sufficientsufficiency语境应用Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Thechild

toleave,whichwasabig

tohisparents.(threat)

2.Mary

toherteammatesthatshewastomarryaChineseboy,whose

oftheirmarriagewouldappearinthelocalnewspaperthenextweek.(announce)

3.Myfriendisa

person,andyoucancompletely

onitthathewillcometomeetyouontime.(rely)

threatenedthreat

announcedannouncement

reliablerely

4.Assoonasthefloodhitthearea,thecentralgovernmenttook__________

measuresandalargenumberofvolunteersarrivedtoaidthevictims

.(immediate)

5.Thevolcano

in1980.The

hasleftathinveilofdustintheupperatmosphere.(erupt)

immediateimmediately

eruptederuption默写查验三、重点短语1.

拿起,拾起;接电话;(偶然)学会;(开车)接人;改善,好转

2.

与……相比

3.

浏览,迅速查看

4.

遗漏,不包括

5.

突然,忽然

6.

来来回回,上上下下

7.

还没有

8.

毕竟,终究

pickup

comparedto/with

lookthrough

leaveoutallofasudden

upanddown

haveyetto

afterall语境应用Ⅲ.用左栏所给短语的正确形式填空1.Butthey

convinceeveryone,especiallypeoplelivinginthearea.

2.

,thethiefwalkingbehindayoungandbeautifulwomanseizedherhandbag,rushingintothecrowd.

3.Iclimbed

thestairseverymorningtokeepfit.

4.Ihave

allmypapersbutIstillcan’tfindmynotes.

haveyetto

Allofasudden

upanddown

lookedthrough默写查验四、典型句式1.现在分词短语作结果状语教材原句:Whenithitthecoast,hugetidalwavescausedsevereflood,costing

the

lives

of

up

to

300,000

citizens.2.过去分词短语作定语教材原句:Oneveryhotsummer,thesunreflectedoffitandmeltedcarsparked

below!3.独立主格结构教材原句:NowwehaveanotherchancetolookupatthestarsofNewOrleans,their

beauty

inspiring

us

and

giving

us

confidence

to

move

on.语境应用Ⅳ.微写作1.通过定期锻炼,我们会保持精神焕发,从而提高我们的学习效率。Byworkingoutregularly,we’llkeeprefreshed,

.

2.这本书是用浅显的英语写的,适合初学者。Thisbook,

,issuitableforbeginners.

3.黛西马上被放开了,孩子们围过来抚摸着这只宠物,他们的心里充满了喜悦。Daisywasatoncesetfree,andthechildrengatheredroundandtouchedthepet,

.

thusimprovingourstudyefficiency

writteninsimpleEnglish

theirheartsfilledwithjoy2研考点核心突破核心词汇突破1.occur

v.(occurred;occurred;occurring)发生;出现;(想法)产生→occurrence

n.出现,发生【练会】单句语法填空①Itwasatthecrucialmomentthatanexcellentideaoccurred

me.

②Itoccurredtome

(go)downtowntobuysomesouvenirsafterthemission.

强调句型

totogo【写美】一句多译·背诵③我突然想到,这只熊可能被我们的大蒜面包的气味吸引住了。→

thatthebearmightbeattractedbythesmellofourgarlicbread.(occur)

→

thatthebearmightbeattractedbythesmellofourgarlicbread.(strike)

→

thatthebearmightbeattractedbythesmellofourgarlicbread.(hit)

ItoccurredtomeItstruckmeIthitme归纳

sth

occur(s)

to

sb某人突然想起某事It

occurs

to

sb

that...某人突然想起……It

occurs

to

sb

to

do

sth.某人突然想到要做某事。点津

①occur没有被动语态,不用于进行时。occur作谓语时,主语不能是人。②表示“某人突然想到……”还常用下列句型:It

strikes

sb

that.../It

hits

sb

that...2.reliable

adj.可信赖的;可依赖的;可靠的→rely

v.依靠;依赖

【练会】单句语法填空①Manypeoplenowwouldrelyon

(surf)theInternetratherthanreadnewspapersfornews.

②Bobbyquicklygainedareputationasa

(rely)andkindhelper.

surfing

reliable

【写美】一句多译·背诵③你可以相信当你在困难时我会帮助你。→Youcan

whenyouareintrouble.

→Youcan

whenyouareintrouble.

→Youcan

whenyouareintrouble.

relyonmetohelpyourelyonitthatIwillhelpyourelyonmyhelpingyou归纳

rely

on依赖;依靠;信赖rely

on

sb

to

do

sth指望/相信某人会做某事rely

on

(doing)

sth依赖/信任/指望(做)某事rely

on

it

that...相信……;指望……点津

当depend/rely

on,appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like等词后接宾语从句时,一般先加形式宾语it,再接宾语从句。3.claim

v.(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)

v.&

n.声称;认领;索要,索赔

【练会】单句语法填空/写出句中claim的词性和词义①Thescientistclaimed

(discover)anewkindofmedicine.

②Heartdiseaseisthebiggestkiller,claiming180,000livesayear.

③Becausetheaccidenthadnotbeenherfault,Barbarawasabletoclaimdamages.

tohavediscoveredv.夺去(生命)v.索要,索赔

【写美】微写作·背诵④据称,幽默不仅会影响患者的情绪,还能帮助他们更快地康复。

humournotonlyaffectspatients’moods,butalsoithelpsthemrecoverfaster.

Itisclaimedthat归纳

claim

to

do

sth/that...主张做某事/声称……claim

to

have

done

sth声称做过某事claim

that...声称……It

is

claimed

that...有人主张……;据说……佳句

A

great

many

people

claim

that

health

is

the

key

to

their

sense

of

happiness.许多人声称健康是他们幸福感的关键。4.threaten

v.威胁到,危及→threat

n.威胁,可能会带来危险的人(事)→threatening

adj.威胁的

【练会】单句语法填空①Davidthreatened

(report)hisneighbortothepoliceifhisdamageswerenotpaid.

②Itisanillegalacttothreatenothers

violence.

【写美】微写作·背诵③首先,尽一切努力与全球变暖作斗争,全球变暖已成为对海洋生物的巨大威胁。(应用文之倡议书)First,tryeverymeanstofightagainstglobalwarming,whichhas

.

toreportwith

becomeagreatthreattoseacreatures归纳

(1)threaten

sb

with...用……威胁某人threaten

to

do

sth威胁要做某事threaten

that...威胁……(2)a

threat

to

sb/sth对某人或某事的威胁佳句

Water

is

one

of

our

most

critical

resources,but

it

is

under

threat

around

the

world.(应用文之倡议书)水是我们最重要的资源之一,但它在全世界都受到了威胁。5.keep

on

(doing

sth)

继续(做某事)【练会】单句语法填空①Neverkeepon

(exercise)ifyouhaveeventheslightestchestpain.

②Shedidnotbothertokeepup

allthechanges.

【写美】词汇升级·背诵③Alwaysrememberthatyoucan’tbetootalkativewhenyouareeating.→Always

youcan’tbetootalkativewhenyouareeating.

exercising

with

keepinmindthat归纳

keep

up坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)keep

up

with赶上;不落在后面keep

away

from

(使)不接近;(使)远离keep

in

mind

that记住★补遗缺

微点练全Ⅰ.一词多义shelterA.v.保护;掩蔽B.n.遮蔽,庇护C.n.居所;住处D.v.躲避

①Humanbeingsneedfood,clothingandshelter.

②Peopleweredesperatelyseekingshelterfromthegunfire.

③Treesshelterthehousefromthewind.

④You’dmostlikelyspendthedaytryingtofindsomewheretoshelterfromthefreezingcold.

CBADⅡ.教材熟词生义lap项目意义例句熟义n.

Shenursedthecryingchildonherlap.生义n.

Shewaspassedbyseveralrunnersinthelastlap.(坐着时的)大腿部(跑道的)一圈重点句型透视1.现在分词短语作结果状语

[教材原句]Whenithitthecoast,hugetidalwavescausedsevereflood,costing

the

lives

of

up

to

300,000

citizens.当它袭击海岸时,巨大的海啸引发了严重的洪水,造成了多达30万市民死亡。【练会】单句语法填空①Ijumpedintothehousewithjoy,only

(find)thehouseempty.

②Forthesakeofconvenience,peopleuseplasticintheirdailylife,_________

(leave)alargeamountofwaste.

动作+情感描写

为了方便起见

tofindleaving

【写美】句式升级·背诵③Firstofall,IspeakEnglishfluently.Itallowsmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficulty.→Firstofall,IspeakEnglishfluently,________________________________

.(定语从句)

whichallowsmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficulty归纳

(1)现在分词作结果状语表示意料、情理之中的结果;(2)动词不定式可以作结果状语,一般放在句子后面,且常表示出乎意料的结果,常与only,just等词连用。佳句

Let’s

join

hands

to

make

the

campus

safer,creating

a

peaceful

and

harmonious

environment.(应用文之倡议书)让我们携起手来,让校园更安全,创造一个和平和谐的环境。2.过去分词短语作定语

[教材原句]Oneveryhotsummer,thesunreflectedoffitandmeltedcarsparked

below!一个非常炎热的夏天,太阳光反射过来,熔化了停在下面的汽车!【练会】单句语法填空①Thesuggestion

(send)tothecommitteewasadopted.

②Themeeting

(attend)byoverfivethousandpeoplewelcomedthegreathero.

sent

attended

【写美】句式升级·背诵③Theceremonystartedwithseriesofenergeticshowspresentedbystudentsfromdifferentschoolclubs.→Theceremonystartedwithseriesofenergeticshows

.(定语从句)

whichwerepresentedbystudentsfromdifferentschoolclubs归纳

(1)单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时,通常置于被修饰词之前,但修饰代词时,需要置于被修饰词之后。过去分词短语作定语要后置,放在被修饰词之后。(2)过去分词作定语,相当于一个定语从句,但它比定语从句更简短。(3)一些不及物动词也有过去分词形式,由于不及物动词不可以直接跟宾语,所以不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成,而没有被动意义。3测效果课堂评价Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点A组

基础必练1.Fishstocksarealready

threatfromoverfishingandhabitatloss.

2.Theballetschooloffersfreeplacestochildrenwhoare_______________

(exception)talented.

3.Thenewspaper

(forecast)thattheywouldbetotallybeateninthecominggeneralelection.

4.Heartpoundingwildly,hekepton

(run)asfastashecould,andfinallyherecamethechance!

5.Seeingthevolcanic

(erupt)inthedistance,IhadtoadmitIwas

(scare)todeathbythatscene.

under

exceptionally

forecast/forecasted

running

eruptionscared

B组

高考链接6.(2023全国甲卷)IntheDigitalAge,we’reusedtohavingwhatweneed

(immediate)andrightatourfingertips.

7.(2023浙江1月卷)Memorieswiththehummingbird

(occur)tomewhenIwalkedtotheblackberry-linedpath.

8.(2022全国乙卷)First

(announce)inApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity(肥胖).

9.(2022全国乙卷)Theycoulddo

(precise)thesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructure.

immediately

occurred

announcedprecisely

10.(2021全国乙卷)Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter(29%)relyonly

theirsmartphones.

onⅡ.语篇填空——语境中应用单元要点Thehurricanewas1.

(exceptional)strongyesterday,2.

(cause)significantdamagetopeople’sproperties.It’s3.

(announce)thatanumberoflives4.________________

(claim)bythedisaster.Peoplewhosurvivedthedisasterhadnowheretogo.Drinkingwaterwashardtogetandtherewasnosufficientfood.Thegovernment5.

(immediate)tookactionandsent6.__________

(helicopter)torescuethetrappedpeople.7.

theywouldhavestarvedtodeath.Atmidnight,mosquitoscircledtheshelterandbitpreciselyatpeople’slaps.People’slivesandpropertyarestill8.

threat,becausenooneknowswhetherthehurricanewillstriketheareaagain.

exceptionally

causing

announced

havebeenclaimedimmediately

helicopters

Otherwise

underⅢ.话题微写作——场景中提升写作技能(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)应用文写作——新闻报道第一步

单句写作1.昨天的飓风特别大。(exceptionally)Thehurricane

yesterday.

2.它给人们的财产造成了严重损失。(property)It

.

3.据报道这次灾害夺去了一些人的生命。(claim)

anumberoflives

.

wasexceptionallystrong

causedsignificantdamagetopeople’sproperty

It’sannouncedthathavebeenclaimedbythedisaster

4.一些人没有地方可去,只能住庇护所。(nowhere,shelter)Somepeople

but

.

5.他们不仅没有饮用水而且也没有足够的食物。(sufficient)Notonlydotheyhavenodrinkingwaterbutalsothey

.

6.我们应该立刻营救他们。(rescue,immediately)Weshould

.

havenowheretogoliveintheshelter

donothavesufficientfood

rescuethemimmediately第二步

句式升级7.用现在分词作结果状语合并句1和句2Thehurricanewasexceptionallystrongyesterday,causingsignificantdamagetopeople’sproperty.第三步

连句成篇(注意使用恰当的衔接词)Thehurricanewasexceptionallystrongyesterday,causingsignificantdamagetopeople’sproperty.It’sannouncedthatanumberofliveshavebeenclaimedbythedisaster.Somepeoplehavenowheretogobutliveintheshelter.Notonlydotheyhavenodrinkingwaterbutalsotheydonothavesufficientfood.Soweshouldrescuethemimmediately.4研真题链接高考(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读B)——呼吁减少食物浪费Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,”asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth’scoverstory.It’sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”Ifthat’shardtounderstand,let’skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it’smorelike12boxesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdon’tthink.“Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon’teat,”Curtinsays.一、理清脉络

二、真题再做24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.答案

B

解析

推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Then

friends

called

with

a

dinner

invitation.I

stuck

the

chicken

in

the

freezer.But

as

days

passed,the

arugula

went

bad.”可知,朋友邀请作者就餐,作者把鸡肉放进冰柜里,但随着日子一天天过去,芝麻菜变坏了。由此猜测,作者提到芝麻菜是为了说明有时我们会无意识地浪费食物。故选B项。25.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetext?A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.答案

B

解析

细节理解题。根据第三段中的“That

makes

food

waste

an

environmental

problem.”和“‘...

it

would

be

the

third

largest

producer

of

greenhouse

gases

in

the

world.’”可知,食物浪费会造成环境危害。故选B项。26.WhatdoesCurtin’scompanydo?A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits.D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.答案

D

解析

细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Curtin

is

CEO

of

DC

Central

Kitchen

in

Washington,D.C.,which

recovers

food

and

turns

it

into

healthy

meals.”可知,该公司回收食物并把它制成更健康的食物。故选D项。27.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?A.Buyonlywhatisne