Unit6复习讲义牛津译林版八年级英语下册

8BUnit6Sunshineforall一、icstripandWeletotheunit.1.I’mtrainingtobeavolunteerfortheOlympicGames.我正在接受训练为奥运会做一名志愿者。traintobeavolunteer(forsth.)培训/训练做一名志愿者【train作动词：接受训练、培训】=trainasavolunteer(forsth.)中考链接：Bythesestudents,wehopethemgoodatgardening.A.train;makeB.training;tomakeC.training;makingD.train;making★【重点】①volunteer作名词：志愿者；作动词：志愿做，义务做；voluntary形容词②volunteertodosth.=volunteerforsth.志愿做某事③voluntary形容词：志愿的④theOlympicGames=theOlympics★作主语时：泛指是复数，特指某一届奥运会时是单数或复数。【例句】TheOlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryears.【此处：areheld=takeplace】The29thOlympicGameswere/washeldinBeijingin2008.2.It’smeaningfultodosomethingfortheOlympics.【反义词：meaningless无意义的】中考链接：Idon'thavemuchmoney,butmylifeis_______thanbefore.A.moremeaningfulB.meaningfulerC.moremeaningfulerD.muchmeaningfulIt

is________（mean）

to

do

voluntary

work．3.needsomemorefoodtoeat需要更多的食物来吃【拓展】“数词+more+名词”相当于“another+数词+名词”，意为“再/又……”。Wewanttobuytenmoreapples.=Wewanttobuyanothertenapples. 我们想再买10个苹果。中考链接：thefishisveryfreshandgoodmayIhave______?A.somemoreB.anymoreC.anothermoreD.moresomeDowehavefortheevent？—No，Ithinkareneeded．A.volunteersenough；moresomeB.enoughvolunteers；somemoreC.volunteerenough；somemoreD.enoughvolunteers；moresome4.atwork在上班【此处work为名词】=whileworking5.adisabledperson一个残疾人【相关单词：disabled→ableunableabilitydisability】6.ablindperson一个盲人【blind(adj.)→blindness(n.)失明】7.anelderlyperson一位老年人★theelderly老人=theold;therich富人；theyoung年青人，thepoor穷人【the+形容词，表示一类人，复数】8.deafpeople聋哑人9.havetheirownplacestolive有他们自己的地方住10.ahomelessperson一个无家可归的人11.Arethereanyotherwaystohelpthem?【疑问句中anyother+复数来自someother+复数】【回顾】Tomistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.【肯定句中anyother+单数名词，意为：任何一个别的.....】12.writetothelocalgovernment写信给当地的政府【writetosb.】13.providespecialplacesforhomelesspeopletostay为无家可归的人提供专门的地方待【回顾】providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.提供某物给某人offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.提供某物给某人中考链接：Theywillp________uswitheggsandmeat.Heprovidedus_______alotofusefulinformation.A.toB.forC.byD.with二、Reading【greeting名词：问侯】1.LiMingdidn’tknowwhattoexpect.【whattoexpect期盼什么（做宾语）】①★expect（sb.）todosth.期待（某人）去做某事【例句】Youcan'texpecttolearnaforeignlanguageinafewmonths.

不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。②expect+that从句【例句】Itisexpectedthat

thereportwillsuggestsomemajorreforms.

预计这个报告会提出一些重大的改革。③lookforwardtodoingsth.期待去做某事

【例句】Ilookforwardtohearing

from

you.

盼望着收到你的信。中考链接：DoyouthinkBrazilwillbeatJapaninthenextmatch?Yes，theyhavebetterplayers，soIthemtowin．A．hopeB．preferC．expectD．thinkChildrensometimesare(期望)tofinishsomeimpossiblework．2.themostamazingexperienceofhislife他一生中最神奇的经历3.workasavolunteer作为志愿者工作（当志愿者）中考链接I’mproudtoworkavolunteertheing2016OlympicA．for；asB．for；inC．as；forD．in；for4.childrenandadultswithintellectualdisabilities带有智障的孩子和成年人5.givesb.achancetoshowone’sskillstotheworld给某人一个向全世界展示技能的机会6.includemanyeventssimilartothoseintheOlympics(后置定语）包括许多和奥运会类似的比赛项目=includemanyevents(that/whicharesimilartothoseintheOlympics定语从句)类似例子:Icancarrytheboxfullofbooks.=Icancarrytheboxwhich/thatisfullofbooks.【重点】besimilarto...★与......相似【例句】MycoatissimilartoTom’s.②bethesameas....与.......相同，与.......一样【例句】The

data

willbethe

sameas

shown

in

the

list.

数据和列表中的一样。③bedifferentfrom....与.......不同【例句】Thefuture

willbe

different

from

thepast.

未来并不同于以往。④event指（运动）比赛项目，重大事件【例句】Theeventisopento

all

ers.

所有人均可参加这项比赛。中考链接:Andrew’sthoughtismine．Wecouldn’tagreemorewitheachother．A．differentfromB．aswellasC．similartoD．agreewith7.giveuptheirsparetime放弃他们的业余时间★giveup动副词组①giveit/themup②giveupdoingsth.Eg:giveupsmoking戒烟中考链接：Don'thope.Everythingwillbeoversoon.Yes.Weshouldlearntobebravewhenweareintrouble.A.turnupB.giveupC.cleanupD.takeupIt’shardformetobeatrailwalker!Never．Believeinyourself．A．putupB．giveupC．hurryupD．setup8.receivetrainingbeforedoingthetasks在接受任务前接受培训9.providesupportfortheathletes为运动员提供支持【注】①support作名词或动词：支持（作名词为不可数名词）②supporter可数名词：支持者、拥护者supportsb.in（doing）sth.“在（做）某事上支持某人”。Wesupportourteachersintheireffortstoraiseteachingstandards.我们支持我们的教师为提高教学水平所做的努力。中考链接：Nobodythemexcepttheirfamilyandfriends．A．SupportsB．hatesC．suggestsD．supposes10.helpmaketheeventagreatsuccess帮忙使得这项活动取得圆满成功11.aswimmingcoach一名游泳教练【coach→复数coaches】12.bebornwithintellectualdisabilities天生智障13.★Itwasverybraveofhimtojointhepetition.他去参加比赛真的很勇敢。14.★ToLiHai,themostimportantthingisnottowinagoldorasilver,buttotakepart.对李海来说，最重要的事不是获得金牌或者银牌，而是参与。【例句】NotyoubutIamwrong.（谓语动词就近的原则）不是你就是我错了。中考链接Iheardthatyoutherunningrace?Yes，butIonlyfinished.A．joinedin；fourthB．tookpart：fourthC．tookpartin；fourD．joined；four15.finishfourth排名第四=efourth16.feelmoreconfident感到更加自信【回顾】beconfidentofsb./sth.=haveconfidenceinsb/sth.对某人/某事有信心17.bringpeopletogether把人们团结在一起18.athletesfromdifferentbackgrounds有不同背景的运动员19.feellikepartofonebigfamily感到像一个大家庭的一员【like为介词：像】①feellikedoingsth.想要做某事=wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.②feellike两种含义：感觉像；想要中考链接Wouldyoulikefootballthisafternoon?I'mafraidnot.I'mnotinterestedinfootball.Instead,Ifeellikeswimming.A.toplay;togoB.playing;goingC.toplay;goingD.playing;togo20.workcloselywiththesespecialathletes与这些特殊的动运员密切合作★close:①（vt.）关闭；（adj.）离…近的，靠近的：【例句】Myhomeisclosetothebookshop.（adj.）亲密的【例句】:myclosefriend（adv.）靠近，接近【例句】Tomliveclosetothepostoffice.②副词close与closely的区别：★副词close(具体)表示实际距离上的接近，如距离、场所、地点等的接近【例句】WeliveclosetotheTIMESshoppingmall.Wesatclosetogether.★closely（抽象）指：抽象意义上的接近，表示亲密地，严密地，仔细地【例句】workcloselywithsb.与某人密切合作watchcloselythebirds仔细地观察这些鸟中考链接：Hecameandstoppedtolookattheexhibits.A.close;closelyB.closely;closeC.close;closeD.closely;closelyDon’topenthedoor!Keepthedoor_____.A.close

Bclosed

C.closingD.closelyIt’simportantuscloselywiththesespecialathletes．A．for；workingB．of；workingC．for；toworkD．of；towork21.achievetheirdreams实现他们的梦想=realizetheirdreams=maketheirdreamsetrue★achieve(vt.)实现，达到→achievement(n.)成就22.anintroductiontosth.对某事的一个介绍【回顾】introduce(vt.)→introduceAtoB将A介绍给B23.offertohelpwithoutgettingpaid主动提出帮助而不计报酬三、Grammar【语法】A.Itis+形容词+todosth:表示做某事是.........It是形式主语，代替真正的主语todosth【例句】Itismeaningfultohelpothers.Itisdifficulttowalkover3mountains.Itiswrongtocopyotherstudents’homework.【语法】B.Itis+形容词+forsb(宾格)+todosth:表示某人做某事是.......这个结构中的forsb是不定式todosth的逻辑主语.★句中的形容词是描述所做的事情,而不是描述人。如:dangerous,important,necessary,impossible,hard,difficult,wonderful,interesting等【例句】Itisnecessaryforustoworkhard.【need→necessary】Itisusefulforhimtostudyputerskills.(1)________ishard________him___________(pass)theexam.(2)________isexciting________them___________(see)thepopstar.注：*itis+adj+that从句和itis+adj+forsb.todosth.有时可以互换Itisnecessarythatwetrainourselvesbeforethewalk.=Itisnecessary______________________________ourselvesbeforethewalk.【语法】C.Itis+adj.+ofsb.todosth.表示某人做某事是.......这个结构中的ofsb是不定式todosth的逻辑主语.句中的形容词是表示人物品质或特征，是用来描述人的，如：kind,nice,clever,wise,polite,brave,★wrong,★right,strong,good,bad,honest,foolish,stupid,careful,careless等。【例句】It’sniceofyoutodonateyourownmoneytopeopleinneed.It’scarelessoftheboytoleavethetaprunning.It’swrongofthepeopletodroplittereverywhere.It’srightofyoutodonatemoneytothosepeopleinneed.【拓展】：以上结构可以转换为：(1)How+adj.+itis+ofsb.todosth.!【例句】Howkinditisofyoutohelpmesolvetheproblem!(2)Sb.+is+adj.+todosth!【例句】Youarekindtohelpmesolvetheproblem!(3)it还可代替todo和That从句作形式宾语find/make/thinkit+adj+todosth语法练习：1、It’ssobrave________thesoldiertosavetheboy’slife.A.toB.ofC.for2、_______isdangerousforyoutoswimintheriveralone.A.ItB.ThatC.This3、Itis__________formetofollowtheAustralianguestsbecauseIamgoodatEnglish.A.badB.easyC.hardD.right4、It’sreally________youtodrivesofastonsucharainyday.Slowdown!A.crazyforB.crazyofC.wiseforD.wiseof5、It’sveryconvenient________ustobuytrainticketsnowbecausewecanbuythemeitherfromthestationorontheInternet.A.toB.ofC.byD.for【语法】D.重点短语句型1.giveseatstotheelderly把座位让给老年人2.donatemoneytocharities把钱捐给慈善机构【★donate(vt.)→donation(n.)】★①donatesth.tosb.把某物捐赠给某人★②raise/collectsth.forsb.为某人募集/筹集某物③charity作：慈善机构时可数；作慈善（事业）时不可数。3.helpblindpeopletocrosstheroad帮盲人过马路4.meanalot（tome）（对我）意义非凡5.dotheirworkonetoonewithoutthehelpofvolunteers没有志愿者的帮助一对一地做他们的工作6.Doyouhaveanytroubletalkingtopeoplewithintellectualdisabilities?★haveproblems/trouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难=haveproblems/trouble/difficultywithsth.7.makefriendswiththem和他们交朋友8.lookafteralostpet照看一只走失的宠物9.donatebloodtopeopleinneed把血捐给需要的人【blood：不可数名词】10.droplittereverywhere到处扔垃圾四、Integratedskills1.atrainingplan一个培训计划2.takepartinvolunteerproject参加志愿者项目3.learnmoreaboutthepoorareasinChina了解更多有关中国的贫困地区4.liveinvillagesfaraway住在遥远的村庄5.helplocalpeopleimprovetheirlives帮助当地人改善他们的生活6.inourdailylives在我们的日常生活中7.saveone’spocketmoney节省某人的零花钱8.workinamountainarea工作在一个山区五、Studyskills（一）组织你的想法/思想。一篇文章通常是由三个部分组成：介绍、主体、结论。但是，根据写作的类型或风格我们可以用不同的方法来组织我们的写作思路。1、按时间顺序2、按空间顺序3、按总体到细节/从一般到特殊的顺序4、按细节到总体/从特殊到一般的顺序（二）重点短语句型。1.spaceorder空间顺序2.goodreadinghabits好的读书习惯3.helpourmindrelax帮助我们的思想放松下来六、Task1.giveahelpinghand伸出援助之手2.aGrade9student一个九年级的学生3.beillinhospital生病住院4.haveaseriousblooddisease患严重的血液方面的疾病★disease,sickness,illness区分：三者都可表示“疾病”，区别如下：①disease表示“疾病”，通常指具体的“疾病”(可数)。注：有时指疾病的总称(不可数)，即通称的“疾病”。②illness和sickness常可通用，它们主要用于表示生病的时间或因病(disease)导致的不健康状态等。如：Hecan’tebecauseofillness.另外，sickness还可表示“呕吐”“恶心”。③医学上表示具体某种病称时，通常用disease。如：Englishdisease气管炎heartdisease心脏病lungdisease肺病anervousdisease神经病skindisease皮肤病5.Theoperationwillcostover300,000yuan.这个手术将花费超过30万元。★①operateonsb.给某人做手术【operate为不及物动词】★②do/performanoperationonsb.【operation为可名词】6.haveenoughmoneyforsuchanoperation7.Itisimportantforhimtohavetheoperationassoonaspossible.对他来说重要的是尽快接受手术治疗。8.lose/saveone’slife失去(挽救)某人的生命9.askforyourhelp寻求你的帮助10.getwellagainsoon很快康复11.childrenwithoutparents孤儿12.someonewithaserousdisease患有严重疾病的人13.earthquakesurvivors地震幸存者课后练习一、单项选择1.Toprotecttheenvironment,supermarketsdon’t____freeplasticbagsforshoppersanymore.A.takeB.showC.provideD.carry2.Theschool’smusicgroupwillbegivingabigshowtomorrownight,andtwoontheweekend.A.moreB.otherC.elseD.another3.ItisreportedthattheChinesegovernmentprovidesfreemilkpowder_____childreninpoorarea.A.withB.forC.toD.by4.LisaisalittlepooratChinese.Ithinksheneeds__________iteveryday.A.practicetospeakB.topracticespeakingC.practicespeakingD.topracticetospeak5.It’simportant________eachother.A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.helps6.Thepeoplewhoaremoreconfidenthavemore______tomakethemselvessuccessful.A.educationB.chancesC.prideD.excuses7.It’sadifficulttimeforthequakehitvictimsinYa’an,buttheydidn’t__________hope.A.giveupB.giveoffC.giveinD.giveout8.IfweChineseworkhardtogether,ChinaDreamwill______A.eoutB.etrueC.achieve9.Jimhaswonthefirst______intheReadingpetition.A.prideB.prizeC.priceD.award10.IlikeEnglishverymu