四川省任隆中学2023年英语高三第一学期期末考试模拟试题含解析

四川省任隆中学2023年英语高三第一学期期末考试模拟试题

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第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1.IntheUS,therearecurrentlyover5,000communityschools,inadditionto

servingaseducationalinstitutions,functionascommunitycentersforthesurrounding

neighborhood.

A.whichB.where

C.whoseD.as

2.Thankstoherdeterminationandperseveranceonthepianolesson,shehasa

graspofthesubject.

A.comprehensiveB.confidential

C.conservativeD.compulsory

3.Sometimessmilesaroundtheworldbefalse,hidingotherfeelingslike

anger,fearorworry.

A.canB.would

C.shouldD.must

4.—Mum,doyoumindifIinvitesomefriendstomybirthdayparty?

-.Itwillbemoreinteresting.

A.BynomeansB.Yes,ofcourse

C.Don'tworryD.Nodoubt.

5.一Ineedtoadvertiseforaroommatefornextterm.

—?Maryisinterested.

A.WhatforB.Whynot

C.SowhatD.Whybother

6.™Whenshallwestartthereconstructionofthehistoricbuilding?

--Notuntilourprogram______bytheauthority.

A.willapproveB.willbeapproved

C.hasapprovedD.hasbeenapproved

7.almostonehundredjin,thestonewasmovedbyhimalone.

A.WeighedB.WeighingC.ItweighedD.Toweigh

8.Igotmoreabouthimfromreadinghisbooksthanfromtalkingtohim.

A.insightsB.memories

C.resourcesD.experiences

9.Thoughhelacksexperience,thearrangementsareallforthemeetingnext

Thursdayaheadoftime.

A.inparticularB.inplaceC.inpreparationD.intime

10.Allcolorfades,undertheimpactofdirectsunlight.

A.especiallyB.eventually

C.appropriatelyD.merely

11.Ifyougotobuythetopbest-sellingCD,pleasegetforme.

A.oneB.it

C.thisD.that

12.Theoldbank,appearanceisnotaprettysight,isextremelybeautifulonthe

inside.

A.whoseB.where

C.whenD.which

13.Iguessimpressesmemostabouthispaintingisthecolorsheuses.

A.whoB.which

C.thatD.what

14.Anoldladycametothebusstoponlythebushadgone.

A.torun;tofindB.running;tofindC.andran;findingD.running;

Hnding

15.ItisbroadcastonTVthatthe88thAcademyAwardCeremonywasheldinDolby

Theatreseatsanaudienceofapproximately4,000.

A.whereB.whose

C.whichD.when

16.ThecollegeexaminationiseasierthisyearthanIhaveexpected.

A.fairlyB.quite

C.ratherD.very

17.Thafsfarmorethanthenumberthathaveactuallyinrecentyears.

A.cometolightB.cometolifeC.comeacross

18.IorderedadrinkwhileIformyfriendstocome.

A.willwaitB.amwaiting

C.wouldwaitD.waswaiting

19.SomewarnedthatthesteptheUSgovernmenthastakentocopewiththecurrent

crisisis________muchrisk.

A.oneofB.theoneofC.theoneD.thatone

20.—Mom,Ihavepassedtheadmissionexaminations!

A.GoodforyouB.GoodluckC.CheerupD.Goahead

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项

中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）Christmasatthemountainclinewouldhavetowait.Thebanks

besideMaryBreckinridge^Wendover,Kentucky,clinicwereruinedafteraheavyrain.

ShehadtofindawaytogetherfivepatientstothehospitalinLexington.

Withaneighbor'shelp,MaryandthenursesbuiltaboatTheynamedit

Ambulance,andonthemorningofDecember30,1926.Maryanothernurse,andthe

patientssetoffdowntheriver.Aftersixteenwildmilesonthedangerousriver,they

arrivedatthetrainstationinKrypton.Asshewatchedthetrainpullawaywithher

patientssafelyonboard.Marysmiledandwaved.

Maryhadnotplannedtobeanurse.ShewasthedaughterofawealthyKentucky

politician.Asachild,Marywasinfluencedbyherfamilywhohadalwaysbeen

concernedaboutthepoorerpeopleofthestate.Whenshegrewup,Marywasinspiredto

becomeanurse.Soin1925MaryhiredafewBritish-trainednursesand,withsome

moneyfromherfamily,startedtheFrontierNursingServiceinWendover,Kentucky.

BeforeMaryandhernursescame,themountainpeoplelivedahardlife.Families

madesolittlemoneythattheycouldnotafforddoctorsormedicine.Manychildrenhad

diseasesandnearlyeverypersonwasmalnourishedforlackoffood.

MaryandthenursesbuiltclinicsandasmallhospitaldeepintheforestsofLeslie

County.Therewerenopavedroads,electricity,ortelephones.Eachdaythenursesrode

onhorsebacktooutlyingfarms,ofteninbadwenther,toanswercallsforhelp.They

workedhardtokeepaneyeontheirpatients.

Tothegratefulmountainpeople,Maryandthenursesseemedtobeeverywhere.

Theytreatedeverythingfromcutfingerstopneumonia（肺炎）,gaveshots,anddelivered

babies.Theproudcountrymenlikedthenursesbecausetheytreatedeveryonewith

respect.

TheFrontierNursingServicegrew.TodaytheirNursingServicereachesfar

beyondtheKentuckymountains.Medicalprofessionalsfromallovertheworldcometo

Wendovertostudyruralhealthcareinaction.Whenthesemenandwomengobackto

theirowncountries,theyarepreparedtohelppeopleinneed.

1、HowdidMaryBreckinridgegetherfivepatientstoKrypton?

A.BytrainB.Bycar

C.BywaterD.Onhorseback

2、Theunderlinedword"malnourished“inParagraph4mostprobablymeans.

A.mysteriousB.lackingnutrition

C.carelessD.indangerofdying

3、WecanlearnfromthetextthatMaryBreckinridge.

A.remainsagreatinfluenceonhealthcaretoday

B.wantedtosetupmoreclinicstohelpthesick

C.wipedoutdiseasesintheKentuckymountains

D.trainedallofherassistantsherself

4、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Maryandherfamilywerealwayshelpfultoothers

B.TheFrontierNursingServicesetupmanybranches

C.Ruralnursesfoundcreativewaystotransportsuppliesandpatients

D.Maryandothernursesprovidedkindmedicalcaretoruralpeople

22.（8分）Fromchildhood,Moiralovedtowrite.Throughoutschoolsheenjoyed

writing,butpursuingitprofessionallywasneverapossibility.Herfatherwasadoctor,

hermotheranurse."Medicinewasafairlysafechoice,“Moirasays,“andwritingwasa

careerwhereitwasn'tacertaintythatyou'dhavehighincome.”

Shebecameadoctorbutstillwantedtowritesomething.However,beingadoctor

wassodemandingthatshedidn'ttakeupwritinguntilherthirties.Sheproduceda

novel——afictionalizedversionofhertravelinChinaafteruniversity.Shegotexcellent

reviews.Moirasentitofftoasmanyagentsasshecould行nd,andfoundonewho

wantedtorepresenther.Suddenly,itseemedshewasonherwayasanauthor.

“Ihadonelengthyphonecallwiththeagentwherewewentthroughallpossible

areasthatshethoughtneededpolishing.Iworkedonthoseandsentitbacktoherbut

didn'thearanything."Itwasn'tlongbeforeMoirafoundanotheragentwhowas

interestedifshewaswillingtorewriteitfromthefirstpersontothethirdperson.She

didthehardworkandsentitoffagain.“Igotbackareallybriefletter:'Thankyou,Fm

nolongerinterested.9Itwasreallydisappointing.”

Adecadewentby,andMoirafoundherselfeagertowriteagain,thistimepurely

forherownenjoyment.Shesetherselfthechallengeofcreatingathrillerandchose

WesternAustraliaashersetting.

Asshewaswritingjustforherself,somethingsurprisingbegantohappen.66The

characterstookonalifeoftheirown;theystarteddoingthingsIhadn'tthoughtabout.

Itjustflew."Oneday,anagentcalledfromAustralia.Threeweekslater,Moirahada

publicationdeal.Hernovel,Cicada,waspublishedinMarch.

“Evenifithadn'tbeenpublishedIstillgainedsomuchfromtheprocess,“says

Moira.

1、WhatdoweknowaboutMoira?

A.Shewasawriter.B.Shewasadoctor,

C.Shewasanagent.D.Shewasanurse.

2、Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutherfirstnovel?

A.Itwasproducedaftershegraduatedfromuniversity.

B.Itwaspublishedbyoneoftheagents.

C.Itwasmodifiedaccordingtotheagents'requirements.

D.ItwasmadeintoathrillerwithWesternAustraliaasthesetting.

3、WhatmadeMoirawriteagaintenyearslater?

A.Themoney.B.Thesetting.

C.Thechallenge.D.Thepleasure.

4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flew”inparagraph5referto?

A.Succeeded.B.Survived.

C.Broke.D.Failed.

5、Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.AnAdventureinChinaB.HowtoBeaWriter

C.Moira'sFirstNovelD.APassionforWriting

23.（8分）Thebookingnotesoftheplay“TheAgeofInnocence55:

Price:$10

DISCOUNTS;

Saver:$2offanyseatbookedanytimeinadvanceforperformancesfromMonday

toThursday.Saversareavailableforchildrenunder16,over60sandfull-timestudents.

Supersaver:Half-priceseatsareavailableforpeoplewithdisabilitiesandone

companion.Itisadvisabletobookinadvance.Thereisamaximumofeightwheelchair

spacesavailableandonewheelchairspacewillbehelduntilanhourbeforetheshow.

Standby:Bestavailableseatsareonsalefor$6fromonehourbeforethe

performanceforpeopleeligible(suitable)forSaverandSupersaverdiscountsandthirty

minutesbeforeforallothercustomers.

GroupBookings:Thereisatenpercentdiscountforpartiesoftwelveormore.

School:Schoolpartiesoftenormorecanbook$6standbyticketsinadvanceand

willgeteverytenthticketfree.

Pleasenote:Weareunabletoexchangeticketsorrefund(退款)moneyunlessa

performanceiscancelledduetounforeseencircumstances.

BOOKING:

Therearefoureasywaystobookseatsforperformance:

-Inperson:TheBoxOfficeisopenMondaytoSaturday,10a.m.-8p.m.

-Bytelephone:Ring01324976toreserveyourticketsortopaybycreditcard(Visa,

MasterCardandAmexaccepted).

-Bypost:SimplycompletethebookingformandreturnittoGlobalTheatreBox

Office.

-Online:Completetheon-linebookingformatwww.Satanfiedtheatre.com.

1、Accordingtothenotes,whocanget$2off?

A.A55-year-oldwoman.

B.An18-year-oldteenager.

C.A20-year-oldfull-timecollegestudent.

D.ThepeoplewhobooktheticketsonFridays.

2、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thereareonly8wheelchairspacesinthetheatre.

B.Agroupof12personscanget10percentdiscount.

C.Theaudiencecan'trefundmoneyiftheperformanceisonshow.

D.Aschoolpartyof15studentsshouldpay$90forthestandbytickets.

3、Whatkindofticketsarethecheapest?

A.Thestandbyticketsforschoolpartiesoftenormore.

B.Theticketsforsaverdiscount.

C.Theticketsforgroupbooking.

D.Thestandbytickets.

24.（8分）Herearesomebestsellersof2018atAmazon.

Thecar

Fourteen-year-oldTerry'sparentsneverpayhimmuchattention.Sowhenthey

bothdisappearafteroneoftheirall-too-frequentarguments,Terryisn'texactlyeager

forthemtocomehome.Onhisown,hefixesanabandonedcar.Thoughhedoesn'tknow

muchaboutdriving,hegetsbehindthewheelandheadswest,withtheintentionof

visitinganuncleinOregon.Ifsanexcitingandsometimesdangerousjourney.Alongthe

way,helearnsalotaboutpeople9aboutAmerica------andmostimportantly,about

himself.

TheRunningDream

Jessicathinksherlifeisoverwhenshelosesaleginacaraccident.

Asshestrugglestocopewithherprosthesis（义肢）andmanyotherdifficulties9

JessicadevelopsacloserelationshipwithRosa,agirlwhohasacancerandseesright

intoJessica'sheart

Withthesupportoffamily,friends,acoach,andherteammates9Jessicaisableto

runagain.Butthafsnotenoughforhernow.Shedoesn'tjustwanttocrossfinishlines

herself-shewantstotakeRosawithher.

HaveaNewTeenagerbyFriday

Doyouknowthisperson?

Hisbedroomlookslikeagarbagedump.

Shechangesclothesthreetimesbeforebreakfast.

Itseemsthathe/sheneveragreeswithyou.

Congratulations!Youhaveateenagerinyourhome.Butyouneedn'tfeelhelpless.In

fact,you'rejustfivedaysawayfromyourteenagerasking.^WhatcanIdoto

help?wInternationallyrecognizedfamilyexpertDr.KevinLemanwillhelpyougetreal

results—reallyfast.

BoyRobot

Seventeen-year-oldIsaakdiscoversthetruthabouthisorigin:agovernment—made

human.Butadeadlymilitaryforceistryingtokillhim.HeandtheotherRobotscanonly

HndprotectionfromtheUnderground——asecretnetworkofRobotsandhumans

workingtogethertoensureacoexistentfuture.Isaakmustdecidewhethertoholdonto

hishumanityandfacepossibledeathortoembracehistruenatureinordertosurvive.

Ifyouareinterestedinanyofthebooks,clickhereforfurtherinformation:

1、Whichbookisasciencefiction?

A.TheCar.B.TheRunningDream.

C.HaveaNewTeenagerbyFriday.D.BoyRobot.

2、Whichofthefollowingisn'tconveyedinTheRunningDream?

A.Friendship.B.Modesty.C.Bravery.D.Determination.

3、WhoisthebookHaveaNewTeenagerbyFridayintendedfor?

A.Experts.B.Teenagers.C.Parents.D.Teachers.

25.（10分）DiscoveringTasmania

TheislandofTasmaniaisseparatedfrommainlandAustraliabytheBass

Strait.Theislandisaplaceofnaturalbeautyandhasmorethan2,000kmof

walkingtracksand18nationalparks.Ifyougoonatour,you'lldiscoverawild

andbeautifulplacewherethepeoplearefriendlyandthefoodisdelicious.Ifyou

don'tlikewalking,thereareothertoursyoucanchoosefromincludingariver

cruiseandcycling.YoucanalsocombineyourtourwithAshing,sailingor

sunbathingonthebeach.

OneofthemostincredibleplacestowalkisalongtheTarkinecoastwhichis

locatedinthenorth-westofTasmania.It'ssuchawildandremoteareathatyou

caneasilycompleteyourwalkwithoutseeinganyoneapartfromthemembersof

yourgroupandyourtwoguides.Theareacontainsthelargesttemperate

rainforestinAustraliawhichishometomorethan50endangeredspecies.Itis

alsohometomanyAboriginalHeritageSites.Yourguideswillprovideyouwith

plentyofinformationabouttheareaasyoucompletethatpartofyourtour.

Duringyourtour,you'llcomeacrossrivers,mountainranges,spectacular

waterfalls,wildlifeandlongwildbeaches.Itwillbeanexperienceyouwon't

easilyforget.

TourItinerary:

Day1:

You'repickedupfromyourhotelinthetownofLauncestonanddrivento

theTarkine.Youthencompleteathree-hourwalkthroughtheforestbefore

arrivingatyourcampatMysteryCreek.Thereyouwillenjoyadeliciousmeal

cookedbyyourguides.

Day2:

Afterbreakfast,youcontinuedeeperintotherainforest,passingsomeofthe

tallesttreesintheworldasyougo,andstoppingforlunchandthencampinthe

evening.

Day3:

Thehighlightoftoday'shikeistheTarkineFalls,abeautiful15-metre

waterfall.

Day4:

TodayyoucanstayatthecampandbatheintheTarkineFalls,oryoucan

goforadayhikeformorefantasticviewsoftheforest.

Day5:

Afteralasthikethroughtheforest,youarepickedupatabout4:00p.m.

andyouarriveinLauncestonataround7:00p.m.

Thetourincludestwoprofessionalguides,transporttoandfromthe

rainforest,allfoodwhileonthetoursandallsafetyequipment.Youshouldbuy

orhirerecommendedcampingequipmentincluding:backpacks,sleepingbags,

sleepmats,headtorches,raincoatsandtrousers.

1、Atouristtotheislandcan.

A.cyclealongtheTarkinecoastandthroughtheforest

B.buyorhireasmuchcampingequipmentaspossible

C.goforadaytrekformorefantasticviewsonDay5

D.choosetomakeasailingtouroftheplaceforpleasure

2、Fromthepassageweknowthat.

A.peoplewillwalkhoursinallthefivedaysduringthetour

B.manyspeciesindangerareprotectedinthenationalparks

C.ittakesaboutthreehourstodrivefromLauncestontoTarkine

D.thetourprovidesguides,accommodationandsafetyequipment

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文,

从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.（30分）Acoupleofyearsago,Iwenttoalady*shousetobuysomevitamins.Upon

enteringthehouse,I1thattherewasanelectronickeyboardonastand,leaning_

2thewall.Beingapianomusicloverand3Iaskedifthewomanplayed.She

noddedandaddedthatshehadbeen4lessons—atage54!Itoldherthatitwas

very5thatshewaspursuing（追求）her6toplaythepiano.

Thensheaskedmethesamequestion.

nIhavebeenplayingfor8yearsnowJIanswered.

''Thenyoumustplayasongformebeforeyouleave/*sherequested.

I7shewaskiddingandIsimplysmiled.Attheendofthe8ofthevitamins,

she9meofourmusicalH10n.Shethenshowedmetoanolduprightpiano

inthelivingroomandaskedmetoplayasongforher.Ithought11anddecidedto

playDavidLanz*s"ReturntotheHeart*1,sinceshehadsomuchpassionfor12

anditwasmysoul-searchingsong.

Iplayedthesongtothebestofmy13andwithmyemotionspouringintoitas

possible.Shelovedit.14Iwasabouttostepoutofthedoor,Iheardaweakvoice

callingout,nYoungman!**

Iturnedaround.Andtherewasanoldlady15onelittlestepatatimewiththe

helpofanotherwoman.nIwantedtocomeoutto16youforthebeautifulsong

thatyouplayed.Ihavebeenverysick,andit*sveryhardformeto17mybed,but

Ireallywantedtothankyouforthesong.Itmademefeelgood...**shesaid.Withthat,

sheturnedaroundandwalked18backtoherroom.

Iwasdeeplytouchedbyher19andfeltadeeperunderstandingforthesong.It

serveditspurposebeautifully,returningtoone*s20forpeaceandjoy.

1、

A.observedB,watchedC.noticedD.caught

2、

A.onB.atC.overD.against

3、

A.playerB,learnerC.composerD.starter

4、

A.givingB.attendingC.teachingD.learning

5、

A.interestingB.excitingC.aggressiveD.impressive

6、

A.passionB.interestC.hobbiesD.emotions

7、

A.foundB.feltC.hopedD.thought

8、

A.chargeB.purchaseC.bargainD.obtaining

9、

A.warnedB.requiredC.askedD.reminded

10、

A.dealB.contractC.discussionD.debate

A.forthemomentB.atthemoment

C.foramomentD.atamoment

12、

A.musicB.meC.thepianoD.vitamins

13、

A.knowledgeB.attitudeC.mindD.ability

14、

A.SinceB.AsC.WhileD.Because

15、

A.takingB.makingC.havingD.moving

16、

A.thankB.praiseC.admireD.respect

17、

A.getonB.getupC.getoffD.getdown

18、

A.quicklyB.calmlyC.happilyD.slowly

19、

A.approvalB.appreciationC.joyD.thanks

20、

A.heartB.worldC.soulD.drea

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或

括号内单词的正确形式。

27.（15分）Onthefirstdayofherwork,Sallyfoundthataclassfullof1^（problem）

waswaitingforher.Sixteachers2,（quit）beforeshecametotheclass.Whenshe

walkedintotheclassroom,itwas3,amess:twoboyswerefightinginthefarcorner,

yettherestoftheclassseemednottonoticethem；somegirlswerechattingandsome

wererunning；paper,foodpackagesandothergarbage4.（put）onthedesk...Just

whenshewasabouttospeak,astudent,5.wastwentyminuteslate,rushedinand

pushedheraside!

Sallywalkedontotheplatform,pickedupapieceofchalkandwroteonthe

blackboard:“Rule1:Weareafamily!^^Allstudentsstopped6.（look）ather.Andshe

continuedwithRule2,Rule3...Inthe7._（follow）weeks,Sallyworkedout10classrules

andpostedthemonthewallsoftheclassroom.She81_（patient）explainedalltherules

tothestudentsandrequiredeveryonetofollowthem

Surprisingly,Sallywasnotdrivenoutlike9,formerteachers;instead,shewon

respectfromthestudentsDuringtheyear,shewitnessedgradualchangesintheclass.At

thegraduationceremony,justassheexpected,shewasveryproudtostandwithaclass

fullofcare,goodmannersand10,（confident）.

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

28.（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下

作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、

删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

KangarooIslandistheplacewhereyoucanquiet“gobush”andseenative

Australiananimalsandbirdsastheyaremeanttobeseeninthewild,whichisfilled

withhistorydatedbackto1802whenitwasfirstsightedbyCaptainMatthewFlinders.

ThefirstEuropeanexplorersfoundKangarooIslanduninhabited,thatevidencedbythe

lackforcampfiresandtamedanimals.Byfar,aboriginalcampsiteshavediscoveredin

thenumberofareas.

AsAustralia'sthird-largeisland,KangarooIslandhasabeachtosuiteverymoods.

However,theislandattractssurfers,scubadivers,andthoseenthusiasticabout

exploringtheoceanaroundtheirshores.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

29.（25分）春节将至，你校英国交换生Jim接受了去你家共度除夕的邀请，请你就他

关心的问题写一封邮件。内容包括：

1.很高兴他接受了邀请；

2.介绍你家除夕的安排；

3.答复他的问题（如:是否带礼物……）。

注意：1.词数不少于50;

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计人总词数。

DearJim,

Yours,

LiHua

参考答案

第一部分（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）

1、A

2、A

3、A

4、A

5、D

6、D

7、B

8、A

9、B

10、A

H、A

12、A

13、D

14>B

15、C

16、C

17、A

18、D

19、A

20、A

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项

中，选出最佳选项。

21、1、C

2、B

3、A

4、D

22、1、B

2、C

3、D

4、A

5、D

23、1、C

2、D

3、A

24、1、D

2、B

3、C

25、Inthe1962movieLawrenceofArabia,onesceneshowsanAmerican

newspaperreportereagerlysnappingphotosofmenrobbingadamagedtrain.

Oneoftherobbers,ChiefAudaabuTayioftheHoweitatclan,suddenlynotices

thecameraandsnatchesit."AmIinthis?”heasks,beforesmashingitopen.To

thedismayedreporter,Lawrenceexplains,uHethinksthesethingswillstealhis

virtue.Hethinksyou'reakindofthief.”

Assoonascolonizersandexplorersbegantakingcamerasintodistantlands,

storiesbegancirculatingabouthownativepeoplessawthemastoolsforblack

magic.The"ignorantnatives“mayhavehadapoint.Whenphotographyfirst

becameavailable,scientistswelcomeditasamoreobjectivewayofrecording

farawaysocietiesthanearlytravelers9exaggeratedaccounts.Butinsomeways,

anthropological（人类学的）photographsrevealmoreabouttheculturethatholds

thecamerathantheonethatstaresback.Upintothe1950sand1960s,many

ethnographer（人种学者）sought"pure"picturesof"primitive”cultures,

routinelydeletingmodernarticlesfordailyusesuchasclocksandWesterndress.

Theypaidmenandwomentore-enactritualsortoposeasmembersofwaror

huntingparties,oftenwithlittleregardfortruthfulness.EdwardCurtis,the

legendaryphotographerofNorthAmericanIndians,forexample,gotone

Makahmantoposeasawhalerwithaspearin1915一eventhoughtheMakah

hadnothuntedwhalesinageneration.

Thesephotographsreinforcedwidelyacceptedstereotypesthatnative

cultureswereisolated,primitive,andunchanging.Forinstance,National

Geographicmagazine'sphotographshavetaughtmillionsofAmericansabout

othercultures.AsCatherineLutzandJaneCollinspointoutintheir1993book

ReadingNationalGeographic^themagazinesinceitsfoundingin1888haskepta

traditionofpresentingbeautifulphotosthatdon'tchallengewhite,middle-class

Americanconventions.Whiledark-skinnedwomencanbeshownwithouttops,

forexample,whitewomen'sbreastsaretaboo.Photosthatcouldunsettleor

disturb,suchasareasoftheworldtornapartbywarorfamine,arediscardedin

favorofthosethatreassure,toconformwiththesociety'sstatedpledgeto

presentonly“kindly”visionsofforeignsocieties.Theresult,LutzandCollins

say,isthedisplayof“anidealizedandexoticworldrelativelyfreeofpainor

classconflict.”

LutzactuallylikesNationalGeographicalot.Shereadthemagazineasa

child,anditslushimageryinfluencedhereventualchoiceofanthropologyasa

career.Shejustthinksthataspeoplelookatthephotographsofothercultures,

theyshouldbealerttothechoiceofcompositionandimages.

3、Themainideaofthepassageis・

A.PhotographstakenbyWesternexplorersreflectmoreWesterners****5**B9.perception

ofthenativeculturesandtheWesternvalues

B.ThereisacomplicatedrelationshipbetweentheWesternexplorersandthe

primitivepeoples

C.PopularmagazinessuchasNationalGeographicshouldshowpicturesofthe

exoticandidealizedworldstomaintainhighsales

D.Anthropologistsaskthenativestoposefortheirpictures,compromisingthe

truthfulnessoftheirpictures

4、Wecaninferfromthepassagethatearlytravelerstothenativelandsoften

A.tookpictureswiththenatives

B.gaveexaggeratedaccountsofthenativelands

C.askforpicturesfromthenatives

D.gavethenativesclocksandWesterndresses

5、TheauthormentionsthemovieLawrenceofArabiato.

A.showhowpeopleinthenati