Unit4知识点全面清单-高中英语人教版选择性

选修一Unit4知识点清单(单词、句型、语法、习作)20212022学年度人教版（2019）一教材词汇和用法interaction[ˌɪntərˈækʃən]n.交流;相互影响inter:构词法,表示“相互的;之间”action:n.行动;活动;动作1)Themoreinteractiontherobothaswithhumans,themoreitlearns.2)Itrequiresnoactionbutlotsofinteractionbetweenstudentsandteachers.3)Weusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople同根词Interactv互动、交流、交往；相互作用、相互影响[学以致用]通过互联网，你就不需要和人进行面对面的互动。Withtheinternet,youdon’thavetointeractwithpeoplefacetoface.2.vary[ˈveəri]vi. (根据情况)变化;改变同根词various:adj.不同的;各种各样的;多姿多彩的variety:n.变化;种类;多样化varywith...:随...变化/改变varyin...:在...方面不同/有差异varyfrom...to...:从...到...变化;在...与...之间变化;从...到...不等[学以致用]1)Thestudents’homeworkvariesconsiderablyinquality.2)Thepricesofsomegoodsvary____theseason.3)Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevaries____culturetoculture.3.appropriate[əˈprəʊpriət,əˈprəʊprieɪt]adj. 合适的;恰当的《1》用于；合乎beappropriatefor/to《2》对某人来说做某事是合适的Itisappropriateforsbtodosth《3》某人做某事是合适的:Itisappropriatethatsbshoulddosth《4》用一个合适的名称来保存这个项目。Savetheprojectwithanappropriatename.[学以致用]Jeansarenotappropriate___aformalparty.正式聚会上穿牛仔裤不合适4.bycontrast 相比之下Forexample,makingeyecontactinsomecountriesisawaytodisplayinterest.Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.5.approve[əˈpruːv] vi. 赞成;同意vt.批准;通过同根词approval:n.赞成;同意;批准《1》赞同/同意（某人）做某事approveofdoingsth《2》未经、、、许可:withouttheapprovalof《3》不论你赞成与否，这是一个敢作敢为的时代。[学以致用]Whetheryonapprove_____itornot.Thishasbeenaneraofboldmovement.6.demonstrate[ˈdemənstreɪt]vt. 表现;表达;说明;证明1)Theseresultsdemonstrateconvincinglythatthismedicineiseffective.2)Letmedemonstratetoyousomeofthedifficultieswearefacing.3)Theteacherdemonstratedhowweshoulddotheexperiment.7.gesture[ˈdʒestʃə(r)] n. 手势;姿势;姿态Theymunicatedentirelybygesture.他们完全用手势交流。Hemadearudegestureatthedriver他向那司机做了个粗野的手势witness[ˈwɪtnəs]vt. 当场看到;目击;见证n.目击者;证人1)Anyonewhowitnessedtheaccidentshouldcallthepolice.2)Shewasshockedbytheviolentscenesshehadwitnessed3)Witnessestothecrashsaytheysawanexplosionjustbeforethedisaster.9.employ[ɪmˈplɔɪ] vt. 使用;应用;雇用同根词employern雇主employee雇员employmentn工作；雇用；就业《1》雇用某人担任、、、：employsbas《2》雇用某人做某事:employsbtodosth《3》从事/忙于做某事:beemployedindoingsth/employoneselfindoingsth《4》采用新方法:employnewmethods[学以致用]1）Thestateof____(employ)inthiscityisimproving.2)Forthepastthreeyearshehasbeenemployed____afirefighter.3)Everypossiblemeanshasbeenemployed___solvetheproblembutinvain.10.identical[aɪˈdentɪkl]adj. 相同的InFrance,apersonencounteringanidenticalgesturemayinterpretitasmeaningzero.However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinBrazilandGermany,asitisnotconsiderederpret[ɪnˈtɜːprət] vt.把…理解(解释)为vi.＆vt.口译~sth(assth)把…理解为；领会[学以致用]Ididn'tknowwhethertointerprethersilence__acceptance12.differ[ˈdɪfə(r)]vi.相异;不同于differfrom…:不同于bedifferentfrom相异;不同于Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.Ibegtodiffer.我不同意[学以致用]BritishEnglishdiffers_____AmericanEnglishinmanyways.byparison (与…)相比较相比之下；比较出来byparison(withsth)/inparisonwith/tosth）作对比：makeaparison把、、、与、、、比较:pare…with…把、、、比作、、pare….to…[学以致用]与其他自然变化相比，地球温度正在迅速上升。________（pare）toothernaturalchanges,thetemperatureoftheearthisrisingrapidly.14.cheek[tʃiːk]n. 面频;脸频Hekissedheronbothcheeks.他亲吻了她的双颊。15.favour[ˈfeɪvə(r)]vt. 较喜欢;选择;有利于n.帮助;恩惠;赞同同根词.favorable赞同的，有利于Favoriteadj最喜欢的n.心爱的人、物《1》支持、赞同:infavorofinone’sfavour:有利于某人;有助于某人《2》求某人帮一个忙:askafavorofsb《3》欠某人一个人情：dosbafavor/do..asafavortosb《4》帮某人一个忙:owesbafavor[学以致用]Theoldblindmanaskedmetodohima____（favor）andfindhis_____（favour）book。Moststudentsfavourtheplan,whiletheirteachersarenot____favourofit.16.bow[baʊ] vi. 鞠躬;点头v.低(头)n.弓;蝴蝶结abowandarrow弓箭Shebowedherheadinshame.她羞愧地低下了头。17.waist[weɪst] n. 腰;腰部18.makeinferences 推理;推断《1》由、、推断出:makeaninferencefrom《2》根据推论:byinference《3》根据这些统计材料可以推断出很多事情。Alotcanbeinferredfromthesestatistics.19.breakdown消除;分解;打破breakdown(车)出故障，（物质）分解，（计划）失败，（组织）瓦解，（人）非常悲伤，（身体）垮掉，（和谈）中断《1》系统失灵、汽车出故障了。Thetelephonesystem/carbrokedown.《2》分解塑料:breakdownplastics《3》他了很多程序到电脑上，以至于他的电脑死机了。Hehaddownloadedsomanyprogramsontohisputer.Thatitbrokedown.20.barrier[ˈbæriə(r)]n.隔阅;障碍Showyourticketatthebarrier.请在验票处出示车票。Thecrowdhadtostandbehindbarriers.人群只好站在障碍物后面。21.fake[feɪk]adj 假装的;假的;冒充的fakedesignerclothing冒牌的名设计师服装afakeAmericanaccent伪装的美国口音22.anger[ˈæŋɡə(r)] n. 愤怒;怒气vt.使生气;激怒~(atsb/sth)怒；怒火；怒气Hewasfilledwithanger他怒火满腔23.reliable[rɪˈlaɪəbl]adj. 可靠的;可信赖的同根词rely:v.依靠;依赖;信任relyon/upon…:依靠;信赖1)Wearelookingforsomeonewhoisreliableandhardworking.2)Ourinformationesfromareliablesource.24.incident[ˈɪnsɪdənt] n. 发生的事情;严重事件;冲突25.trial[ˈtraɪəl] n.＆v.审讯;审判;试验;试用26.slight[slaɪt]adj.轻微的;略微的;细小的aslightincrease/change略微的增长/变化同根词slightlyadv略微；稍微1）机会渺小:aslightchance2）丝毫不，一点也不:notintheslightest[学以致用]一月份的销售额稍高于平均数January’ssaleswere____betterthanaverage.27.twin[twɪn] adj. 双胞胎之一的;孪生之一的n.生之一;双胞胎之一28.nonverbal[nɒnˈvɜːb(ə)l]adj. 不涉及言语的;非言语的60%ofallhumanmunicationisnonverbal.人们百分之六十的相互交流不是通过语言29.assessment[əˈsesmənt]n. 评价;评定对、、、做出评估:makeanassessmentof同根词assess:vt.评估;评价assesssb/sthassth估价为1000元:beassessedat1000yuanWearetryingtoassesshowwellthesystemworks.[学以致用]你需要评估所有项目的风险来决定项目是否在可接受的风险范围内。Youneedtomakean____(assess)ofallprojectriskstodetermineiftheprojectsareacceptable.Damagetothebuildingwasassessed___$80,000.What’syourassessmentofourchancesofwinningthegame?30.internal [ɪnˈtɜːnl]adj. 内部的;里面的internaldoors内门theinternalstructureofabuilding大楼的内部结构31.straightenup 直起来;整理;收拾整齐We'dbetterstraightenupthehousebeforetheygetback.我们最好在他们回来之前把房子收拾好.Hestoodupandstraighteneduphisshoulders.他站起身，挺直肩膀。32.slump[slʌmp] v. 垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)骤降，猛跌Profitsslumpedbyover50%.利润突降50%以上。33.pose[pəʊz] n.故作姿态;(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势vi.摆好姿势vt.造成(威胁、问题等)Headoptedarelaxedposeforthecamera.他摆了个悠闲的姿势拍照。poseathreat/challenge/danger/risk构成威胁/挑战/危险/风险36.bend[bend]vt.＆v.(bent,bent)(使)弯曲;倾斜;偏向Hebentandkissedher.他低下头吻了她。Shewasbentoverherdeskwritingaletter.她正伏案写信。37.reveal[rɪˈviːl] vt. 揭示;显示;露出《1》向某人透露某事:revealsthtosb《2》泄露一条秘密:revealsecret《3》Itwasrevealedthat（据透露）importantevidencehadbeenfoundout.Hewillneverrevealhisfriends’secrets.[学以致用]Shelaughed,revealingherwhiteteeth.38.clarify[ˈklærəfaɪ]vt. 使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清clarifyasituation/problem/issue澄清情况/问题39.inotherwords 换句话说;也就是说Thatis(tosay).也就是说ina/oneword:总之;简言之Theyaskedhimtoleaveinotherwordshewasfired.Inotherwords,wemakeourownhappiness.Inotherwords,wordforwordtranslationisnotcator[ˈedʒukeɪtə(r)]n. 教师;教育工作者;教育家41.tick[tɪk] vt. 给(试卷、问题等)打钩号vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声n.钩号Pleaseticktheappropriatebox.请在适合的方框内打钩。heartheclockticking.听到钟表滴答作响42.tendency[ˈtendənsi]n. 趋势;倾向haveatendencytodo...:倾向于做..;喜欢做...1)Hehasatendencytotalktoomuchwhenheisdrunk.2)Thepriceofoilhasanupward/adownwardtendency.43.lower[ˈləʊə(r),ˈlaʊə(r)]vt. 把…放低;降低;减少adj下面的;下方的;较小的themountain'slowerslopes山麓斜坡Theyloweredhimdownthecliffonarope.他们用绳索把他放下悬崖。44.imply[ɪmˈplaɪ]vt. 意味着;暗示1)Areyouimplying(that)Ihavefailedthetest?2)Thenewsimpliedthatthepilotwasresponsiblefortheaccident.3)Whatisimpliedintheresearcher’swords?45.barely[ˈbeəli]adv. 几乎不;勉强才能;刚刚Shewasbarelyabletostand.她勉强能站立。46.chin [tʃɪn]n. 下巴kisssbquicklyonthechin47.occupy[ˈɒkjupaɪ] vt. 占据;占用occupyoneselfindoingsth/occupyoneselfwithsth/beoccupiedindoingsth/beoccupiedwithsth忙于做某事:同根词occupation：n.职业;占领;占用全职工作:afulltimeoccupation同根词occupiedadj已占用的，忙于的beoccupiedwith/in…:忙于;从事;专心[学以致用]1)Duringthewartheirlandswereoccupied__theenemy.2)景色太漂亮了，我每天都忙着把这些美丽的景色拍摄下来。ThescenerywassobeautifulthateverydayIwasoccupied___takingphotosofit.48.stare[steə(r)] vi. 盯着看;凝视n.凝视~(atsb/sth)盯着看；凝视；注视Istaredblanklyatthepaperinfrontofme.我茫然地看着面前这张纸。49.ceiling[ˈsiːlɪŋ]n. 天花板;上限alargeroomwithahighceiling屋顶很高的大房间priceceilings最高限价50.distract[dɪˈstrækt]vt.分散(注意力);使分心~sb/sth(fromsth)转移（注意力）；使分心You'redistractingmefrommywork.你使我不能专心工作。adistractingnoise使人心烦意乱的嘈杂声51.perceive[pəˈsiːv]vt. 察觉;看待;理解Iperceivedachangeinhisbehaviour.我注意到他举止有些改变。Shedidnotperceiveherselfasdisabled.她没有把自己看成残疾人。52.distinguish[dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ]vi.＆vt.区分;辨别同根词distinguishedadj卓越的；著名的《1》区分A与B:distinguishAfromB/distinguishAandB《2》显扬自己；使自己扬名；表现突出:distinguishoneself《3》因、、而著称:bedistinguishedfor《4》作为、、、而著名:bedistinguishedas《5》这是展示自我的好机会。Thisisagoodchancetodistinguishmyself[学以致用]1)Sometimesrealityandfantasyarehardtodistinguish.Sometimesitishardtodistinguishreality_____fantasy2)TuYouyouisknownasa_______(distinguish)scientist.53.anxiety[æŋˈzaɪəti]n. 焦虑;担心;害怕withanxiety焦虑地:同根词anxiousadj忧虑的，担心的；（非正式的）渴望的—anxiously焦虑地；急切地《1》为、、、担心:beanxiousaboutsth《2》渴望得到某事:beanxiousforsth《3》渴望做某事，急于做某事:beanxioustodosth《4》Exerciseisaprovenwaytotreatanxietyanddepression.54.chest[tʃest]n. 胸部;胸Thebullethithiminthechest.子弹击中了他的胸部。55.embarrassed[ɪmˈbærəst] adj. 难堪的;尬的同根词enbarrassing令人尴尬的；令人难堪的尴尬embarrassment《1》因、、、感到尴尬、窘迫:beembarrassedabout/at《2》尴尬、窘迫地做某事:beembarrassedtodosth《3》尴尬的事件:anembarrassingincident《4》使某人尴尬的是:toone’sembarrassment《5》那么多双眼睛都盯着她看，这是李梅很尴尬。[学以致用]Manyeyeswerestaringather,whichmadeLiMeivery______(embarrass)56.ashamed[əˈʃeɪmd] adj. 羞愧;惭愧《1》为、、、感到羞耻/惭愧:beashamedof《2》因惭愧而不情愿做某事，因尴尬而勉强做某事:beashamedtodosth同根词.shamen.惭愧；羞愧；羞耻；让人遗憾的事同根词shamefuladj可耻的，丢脸的shameless无耻的，不知羞耻的57.merely[ˈmɪəli]adv.只是;仅仅;只不过Itisnotmerelyajob,butawayoflife.这不仅仅是一份工作，而且是一种生活方式58.callon(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话等);正式邀请《1》拜访一些朋友:callon/uponsomefriends《2》号召学生运动:callon/uponstudentstoexercise《3》使回想起:callupmemories《4》需要努力工作:callforhardwork《5》找来医生:callinadoctor[学以致用]我要去看望我的一位老同学。Iamgoingtocallononeofmyformerclassmates.59.bother[ˈbɒðə(r)]vi.＆vt.费心;麻烦;因…操心;麻烦;不便~(with/aboutsth)t花费时间精力（做某事）[学以致用]Idon'tknowwhyyoubother__thatcrowd.我弄不懂你为什么和那伙人浪费时间。60.weep[wiːp]vi.＆vt.哭泣;流泪~(for/withsth)|~(at/oversth)（通常因悲伤）哭泣，流泪Idonotweepoverhisdeath.他死了我也不哭。61.atwork 有某种影响;在工作《1》与、、、交战：atwarwith《2》出于和平状态:atpeace《3》在吃饭:attable《4》在做礼拜:atchurch《5》在上学:atschool《6》在航海；茫然:atsea62.conflict[ˈkɒnflɪkt,kənˈflɪkt]n.矛盾;冲突vi.冲突;抵触armed/militaryconflict武装/军事冲突aconflictbetweentwocultures两种文化的冲突inconflictwithsb和...有冲突63.inquire[ɪn'kwaɪə(r)]vi.＆vt.(or:enquire)询问;打听inquireintosth调查......[学以致用]Inspectorswereappointedtoinquireintotheaffairsofthepany.督查员受委派调查该公司的事务。ultimately[ˈʌltɪmətli] adv 最终;最后最终（常用于列举:firstly,...secondely,...ultimately,...)Ultimately,you’llhavetomakethedecisionyourself.Ultimately,mydutyishelpingeverystudenttolearn.65.adjust[əˈdʒʌst]vt. 调整;调节vi,＆.适应;(使)习惯同根词adjustmentn调整，调节adjustableadj可调整的，可调节的《1》习惯做某事:adjusttodoingsth《2》使自己适应某事:adjustoneselftosth《3》定期调节刹车装置:adjustthebreaksregularly《4》作出调整:makeadjustments《5》可调节的座椅安全带:adjustableseatbelts[学以致用]1)You’llquicklyadjust(yourself)___collegelife.2)Ittookheralongtimetoadjust___livingalone.3)我们都保持乐观，做好调整适应这一状况。Weallkeptoptimisticandmadegoodadjustments____theervene[ˌɪntəˈviːn]vi. 干预;介入~(insth)出面；介入ThePresidentintervenedpersonally___thecrisis.总统亲自出面处理这场危机67.react[riˈækt] vi. (对…)起反应;回应;(对食物等)有不良反应《1》对、、、作出反应；回应:reactto《2》反对；反抗:reactagainst同根词reactionn.反应reactiontosth对某事的反应inreactionto对、、作出的反应Iwavedatherbutshedidn’treact.[学以致用]Localresidentshavereactedangrily____thenews.Reacting__bodylanguageisanimportantponentofbeingateacher.68ponent[kəmˈpəʊnənt]n. 组成部分;零件theponentsofamachine机器部件69.tone [təʊn]n.语气;口吻aconversationaltone交谈的语气atoneofsurprise惊奇的口气二．重点句式1.Thereisnothingbetterthan、、、没有比、、更好的了。教材原句当我们感到沮丧或孤单时，最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的笑脸。Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingfaceofagoodfriend.句式仿写：在他看来，没有什么比他的炒饭、羊肉串和肥美的猪肉更好的了。Inhisopinion，nothingcouldbebetterthanhisfriedrice,muttonkebabsandfattypork.2.Itisobviousthat…很明显…教材原句很明显，我们的思想可以影响我们的身体。Itisobviousthatourmindscaninfluenceourbodies.句式仿写Itisobviousthatitistypicalofthegirltotelllies.3.havesthdone使人做某事教材原句所以，如果一名学生低头看手表，这就表明他觉得无聊，数着看时间，只盼早点儿下课。Soifastudenthashisheadloweredtolookathiswatch,itimpliesheisboredandjustcountingtheminutesfortheclasstoend.句式仿写在开车进城前，你必须把车洗一洗。Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtohaveyourcarwashed.4.部分否定教材原句当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都在认真听课，Ofcourse,noteveryonewholooksupispayingattentioninclass句式仿写：（谚）闪光的未必都是金子。Allthatglittersisnotgold.5.Itisasthough…教材原句：好像睁着眼睛睡觉Itisasthoughtheyareasleepwiththeireyesopen.句式仿写：看上去好像全错了。Itseemedasif/thougheverythingwaswrong.语法精讲名词性从句很重要，是期末考试考查的重点，也是高中必考点，通常考查方式为语法填空和短文改错中，分值在23分。名词性从句中，主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句的考查居多，同位语从句相对较少。初中我们着重考查宾语从句，考查其语序和时态问题，而高中侧重对引导词的考查使用，注重初高中之间的衔接。考点一宾语从句宾语从句的概念宾语从句：在复合句中做宾语的句子叫宾语从句，可以放在动词和介词之后。宾语从句应用陈述句语序。Iwonder whenyouwillleavehere.主语主语谓语宾语（从句）（宾语从句中whenyouwillleavehere为主谓宾语序，此为陈述句语序）(1)作动词的宾语由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省）,例如：Iheardthathejoinedthearmy.由what,whether(if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：1)Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.c.动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.(2)作介词的宾语例如：Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.(3)作形容词的宾语例如：Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.That引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：Anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content等。也可以将此类词后的that从句的看作原因状语从句。连接词在宾语从句中的运用1.由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。E.g.HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.注意：在demand,order，suggest,decide，insist，desire，request，mand等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+动词原形”。E.g.Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.2.用who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。E.g.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.E.g.Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：引导从句作介词宾语时；从句后有“ornot”时；后接动词不定式时。E.g.Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.E.g.Iwonderwhetherhewilleornot.[学以致用]1）Buttherearedifferentideasabout_____thebirthordermeans.2）Ifpossible,asksomeotherstogothrough____youhavewritten3）Itisdifficultforustoimage_____lifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.考点二表语从句表语从句的概念表语从句：在复合句中做表语的句子，放在系动词be,look,remain,seem等之后即构成表语从句，表语从句为陈述句语序。Theproblemis whocanoverethetrouble.主语系动词表语（从句）（表语从句中whocanoverethetrouble为主谓宾语序，此为陈述句语序）连接词在表语从句中的运用引导表语从句的词有连词that，whether；连接代词who,what,which；连接副词when,where,how,why以及其它连词asif,asthough,because等。E.g.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthreading.1.that引导的表语从句that引导表语从句时，在句中无意义，一般不可省略。而what引导表语从句时，不但有意义，而且在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。E.g.ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.E.g.Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.2.whether引导的表语从句whether引导表语从句仍表示“是否”之意，不能在从句中充当句子成分。if则不可用来引导表语从句E.g.Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus.3.asif(asthough)引导的表语从句asif(asthough) 引导表语从句，意思是“好像，似乎”。E.g.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看起来天要下雨了。E.g.ItsoundsasifyouarefromtheSouthoftheUSA.注意：不用if引导表语从句。reason做主语时，表语从句应由that引导，不用because。that引导表语从句时，通常不能省略。其他类型的表语从句其他连接词引导表语从句的用法与引导宾语从句的用法类似。但要注意几个表示原因的表语从句的常见句型：That’swhy…That’sbecause…Thereasonwhy…isthat…E.g.That’swhywedecidedtoputoffthesportsmeeting.E.g.That’sbecausewehaven’tgotwellprepared.[学以致用]1.单句改错Americaiswherewascalled“India”byColumbus.2.“Everytimeyoueatasweet,drinkgreentea.”Thisis___mymotherusedtotellme.3. Goandgetyourcoat.It's____ youleftit.4.Whatamess!Youarealwayssolazy!I’mnottoblame,mum.Iamwhatyouhavemademe.考点三主语从句的概念主语从句：在复合句中作主语的句子叫主语从句。Whatyousaid makesmeconfused.主语（从句）谓语 宾语补语(主语从句中Whatyousaid为主谓宾语序，此为陈述句语序）连接词在主语从句中的运用主语从句的引导词主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。1.that引导Thatheisstillaliveisawonder.他还活着，真是奇迹。Thatweshallbelateiscertain.我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。Thatheshouldhaveignoredtheworkingclasswasnatural.他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。Thatsheisstillaliveisaconsolation.她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。2.whether引导Whetheritwilldousharmremainstobeseen.是否对我们有害还要看一看。Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。3.连接代词引导Whoeveristopfromwinsthegamewhentwomatchedplayersmeet.Whichever(ofyou)esinfirstwillreceiveaprize.4.连接副词引导Whenwearrivedoesn’tmatter.Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.Howmanypeoplewearetoinviteisstillaquestion.WhereIspendmysummerisnobusinessofyours.5.关系代词型what引导Whatweneedismoney.WhatIwanttoknowisthis.What’sdoneisdone.Whathesaysisnotimportant.主语从句与形式主语it有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。对于以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语代主语从句。Itisimportantthatheshouldknowaboutthis.对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语代主语从句，可直接在句首使用主语从句。Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.对关系代词型what引导的主语从句，通常直接将主语从句放在句首。Whatweneedismoney[学以致用]1.___golfwasfirstplayedinScotlandinthe15thcenturyisgenerallyagreed.2. _____attractstouriststoDubaiaretaxfreeshopping,dryweather,excellentacmodations3. ___medicineworksinahumanbodyisaquestion____noteveryonecanunderstandfully.4.Itisuncertain_____sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.【参考答案】That\What\How;that\what考点四同位语从句的概念同位语从句：在复合句中做同位语的句子叫同位语从句。同位语从句一般跟在些名词后面，用以解释和说明前面的名词的内容。后面常接同位语从句的名词有news,idea,fact,promise,hope,message,doubt,belief,thought,certainty,truth,question,reason,reply,possibility,suggestion。We studentsshouldobeytheschoolrules.主语同位语(解释说明)谓语 宾语同位语从句在句中的位置1.一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news,idea,fact,promise,hope,message等）的后面,用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。E.g.Thenewsthatourwomenvolleyballteamhadwonthechampionshipencouragedusallgreatly.E.g.ThestorygoesthathefailedintheCollegeEntranceExaminationsagain.连接词在同位语从句中的运用引导同位语从句的词有连词that，whether、连接代词who,which,what和连接副词where,when,why,how等1.由that,whether引导的同位语从句。此时的引导词只起引导作用，不在从句中作成分E.g.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.2.由连接代词who,which,what和连接副词where,when,why,how等引导的同位语从句。此时的引导词在从句中作相应的成分。E.g.Ihavenoideawhenhewilleback.[学以致用]Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbelief____youarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield.习作指导本单元的写作任务是对肢体语言作一个简单的介绍或描述，难度不大。但在写作过程中，切忌对要描写的东西作一个简单的罗列，要注意事物之间的逻辑性，也就是要按照一定的顺序逐一阐述，有详有略。另外要把连词用好，句式要有一定的变化，不要太单调[常用表达]1．Theyare...as...2．Itvariesfrom...to...3．Insomecountries，peoplepreferto...ratherthan...4．Somepeoplelike...whileotherpeople...5．Itisimportantto...that...6．Knowingthesecanhelpyou...7．When...，itisbestto...8．Therearealsosomedifferences...学霸范文流程展示假定你是王兵，你和你的美国笔友John对中美身势语的差异做了一个简单的对比。请你根据以下表格中的内容完成一个关于中美身势语差异的英文报告，同时提醒人们在和外国朋友交际时，注意正确使用身势语。身势语美国中国身体接触保持距离，较少接触，尤其是同性之间身体接触较多，例如女性之间可以手拉手等伸舌头一种粗鲁的表现一种尴尬的表现拍小孩的头给予安慰或鼓励表示喜爱注意：1.短文应包括表格所示的全部内容，可适当发挥；2．词数100左右，文章开头已经为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：轻拍pat；安慰fort Aswehavemoremunicationwithforeigners,weshouldpaymoreattentiontothedifferencesinourbodylanguage._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________