形容词副词（讲义）译林版英语六年级下册

小升初专项复习形容词&副词【知识点梳理】一、形容词

1、定义

形容词用来修饰和形容名词，表示名词的属性，补充说明它的意思。

abighouse一幢大房子anewbicycle一辆新自行车

2、位置（1）用于名词前巧记形容词的排列顺序：

限定描绘大长高，新旧年龄和形状，颜色国籍和材料，依次挨着往后靠。（2）用于连系动词后常见的连系动词：一be：am,is,are三变：get/bee/grow(变得)五感官：look(看起来)，feel(摸起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，sound(听起来)其它：go/e（变）,remain（保持）keep（保持）。（3）用于不定代词后常见的不定代词有：something,anything,somebody,anybody,nothing,nobody等*常见的以ly结尾的形容词：lovely(可爱的)， friendly(友好的)， daily(日常的)， yearly(每年的)lonely(孤独的), ugly(丑陋的), lively(生机勃勃的), silly(愚蠢的)Shelookslovely.她看上去很漂亮。3.含有形容词的常用句型（1）Itis+形容词+of+sb.+todosth.这一句型表示“某人（做某事）…”。常用形容词有good,kind,nice等，来说明“人”的性质或特征。Itisverykindofyoutohelpme.你们能帮助我真是太好了。（2）Itis+形容词+for+sb.+todosth.这一句型表示“做某事对某人来说…”。常用形容词有difficult,easy,hard等。Itisdangerousforhimtoswimalone.他一个人去游泳很危险。（3）主语+be+形容词+todosth.这一句型常用表示感情或情绪的形容词，如：glad,pleases,sorry,sad等；以及表示能力或意志的形容词，如：able,ready,sure,certain等。Iamsorrytohearthenews.听到这个消息我很难过。4.ing形容词和ed形容词(1).–ing形容词，一般修饰事物，多指事物对人的影响，表示“令人…”Thisisasurprisingstory.(2).–ed形容词，主语一般是人，多指人对事物的感受，表示“感到…”Iwassurprisedtohearthestory.课堂练习一、单项选择。()1.Exercisehelpskeepthebodystrongand_________.A.healthy B.sick C.sleep D.fat()2.Eatinggoodfoodis_________forthebody.A.bad B.important C.tired D.importantly()3.Smokefromcarsis________toourworld. A.harmful B.beautiful C.foolish D.surprising()4.My_________bikewastoosmallforme. A.oldyellow B.yellowold C.anold D.ayellow()5.Therewas_________intheexam. A.difficultthings B.difficultnothing C.athingdifficult D.nothingdifficult()6.Itis_________totakepicturesofoldbuildings. A.interested B.interests C.interest D.interesting()7.Itisnot________todriveinthisrain. A.safe B.safely C.safeness D.safety()8.Itisalways_________torideonbikes. A.excited B.exciting C.excitement D.excite二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Itisapitynottogooutsideona__________day.(sun)2.Itwas___________ofGeorgetobringanumbrellaformeonarainyday.(kind)3.Sportshelpuskeep_________.(love)4.Itis_____________forveryyoungchildrentobeleftalone.(danger)5.Itisnot___________foroldpeopletousesmartphones.(ease)6.Heislookingforsomething__________.(interest)7.Weareso___________aboutthepartytonight.(excite)8.Be___________.Youmighthurtyourself.(care)9.Thefilmwassointeresting,andithada___________ending.(surprise)10.Eatingvegetablesisgoodforustokeep___________(health).二、副词

1、副词的构成。形容词+ly：quickquickly,slowslowly以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i，再+ly:easyeasily;happyhappily以ue结尾的形容词，去e+ly：truetruly形副同形：fast;hard;far;early;late特殊变化：goodwell

2、副词的功能（1）修饰动词：Youshoulddriveslowlyonarainyday.（2）修饰形容词：Youarequiteright.（3）修饰其它副词：Don’tridetoofast.（4）修饰句子：Luckily,wedidn’tmissthelasttrain.课堂练习一、单项选择。()1.She__________wentintothedarkroom. A.bravely B.brave C.downstairs D.careful()2.Iwassosurprised.Hisnewflatwas__________painted. A.beautifully B.beauty C.beautiful D.morebeautiful()3.Alex_______fixedthebookshelvestothewall.Itwastoodifficultformetofinishitonmyown. A.quick B.easily C.hard D.nice()4.Wedidn’tunderstandtheteacher’swordsvery_________. A.worse B.good C.well D.bad二、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Don’trun.Youneedtogo__________.(slow)2.Hetouchedthecatvery___________.(careful)3.HerEnglishisvery__________.ShespeaksEnglishvery__________.(good)4.She__________invitedustodinner.(warm)5.Idon’tknowwhysheranso_________(fast).6.Wecanmakeacake____________withMum’sinstructions.(easy)【拓展】形容词，副词的比较级和最高级表示两者进行比较时用比较级，表示三者及以上事物进行比较时用最高级。1.规则变化（1）单音节和少数双音节单词一般情况下，直接在词尾+er/+est；以e结尾，直接在词尾+r/+st；以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，把y变成i，再+er/+est；辅元辅，双写尾字母，再+er/+est。（2）多音节词和少数双音节词比较级：在原级前面+more最高级：形容词在原级前+themost,副词在原级前+（the）most。2.不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterthebestbad/illworsetheworstlittlelesstheleastmany/muchmorethemostfarfarther(表距离)／further（表程度）thefarthest/furthestoldolder(更老的；更旧的)／elder(年长的)theoldest/eldest3.比较级的用法（1）表示两者之间的比较A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+Be.g.Lily’slegsarelongerthanLucy’s.A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+Be.g.MikerunsfasterthanPeter.（2）表示“越来越…”单音节词和少数双音节词：比较级and比较级hotterandhotter多音节词和部分双音节词：moreandmore+原级moreandmoreslowly4.最高级的用法主语+系动词+the+形容词的最高级e.g.Heisthetallestoftheboysoverthere.主语+实义动词+（the）+副词的最高级e.g.Heran(the)fastestwhenwemetthebear.四、平级比较：as+原级+as…和…一样…e.g.HerEnglishisasfluentasanativespeaker’s.e.g.Ialwaysetoschoolasearlyashedoes.【课堂练习】一、适当形式填空1.Itisraining(heavy)outside.2.Look,Jennyisdancing.Shedances(good).3.Trytodo(well)nexttime.4.Jackisthe(tall)boyinhisclass.5.Yourideasounds(wonderfully).6.Pleasewrite(careful).7.Ican’tseethewordsontheblackboard(clear).8.Peterisalways(friend)tome.9.OurEnglishteachercanspeakEnglishvery(fluent).10.Tomranhome(quick).二、单选/适当形式填空1.Shecanrunasashisbrother.A.fast B.faster C.farther D.slower2.Walkintoyourbedroombecauseyourfatherissleeping.A.quiet B.quietly C.loud D.loudly3.Heisastudent.Healwaysdoeshishomework.A.careful,carefully B.quietly,quietC.beautiful,beautifully D.well,good4.Insummerpeopleusuallysleeptheirwindows.A.with,open Bwithout,open C.with,close D.with,closed5.Hisideasounds.A.interest B.interesting C.interested D.interestingly6.Istheshopat8:00intheevening?A.closed B.closes C.opens D.open7.Howyouhitthedoor!It’sbroken.A.hard B.strongC.happyD.exciting8.Look!YangLingandSuHaiareplayingballgames.A.happy B.veryhappy C.happily9.Whichseasondoyoulike,summerorwinter?A.best B.betterC.thebest10.Thestudentsare.Theylikewatchingthebasketballmatch.A.excited,exciting B.excited,excited C.exciting,excited11.Ihavemoneythanyou,butIhavefriendsthanyou.A.less,more B.more,more C.less,fewer D.fewer,more12.Ontheirway,theywereveryhappy.A.home B.tohomeC.thehome D.tothehome13.Heturnedaround,buthecouldn’tsee.A.somethingunusual B.anythingunusualC.unusualanything