英美国家概况课后习题

英美概况课后习题Chapter1TheLand(P8)=1\*ROMANI.Choosethecorrectanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.(B)1.ThefullandofficialnameofGreatBritainchangedintoitspresent-dayformintheyearof.A.1920B.1927C.1914D.1945(B)2.ThehighestmountainpeakinBritainisin_____.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.NorthernIreland(A)3.ThelongestriverinBritainisthe_____A.SevernB.ThamesC.MerseyD.Humber(D)4.ThelargestlakeinBritainislocatedin_____.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.NorthernIreland(A)5.ThehighestmountainpeakinBritainiscalled_____.A.BenNevisB.CrossFellC.SnowdonD.Scafell(D)6.TheLakeDistrictiswell-knownfor_____.A.itswildandbeautifulsceneryB.itsvariedlakesC.thelake(A)7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefeatureofBritishclimate?A.coldnessB.morerainydaysC.changeabilityD.morefogs(C)8.TheleadinganthracitecoalfieldsinBritainarein___________. A.Scotland B.England C.Wales D.theNorthSeaIV.TranslatethefollowingintoChineseTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国TheStraitofDover多佛海峡TheEnglishChannel英吉利海峡Greenwich格林威治TheBritainIsles大不列颠群岛TheThamesRiver泰晤士河TheSevernRiver塞汶河LakeNeigh讷湖LakeDistrict湖区Edinburgh爱丁堡Glasgow格拉斯哥Cardiff加的夫Questions3featuresofBritishclimateWinterfogRainydaysInstability/changeabilityChapter2ThePeople(P17)=1\*ROMANI.Choosethecorrectanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.(C)2.TheEnglishpeoplearedescendantsof.A.CeltsB.RomansC.Anglo-SaxonsD.Danes(C)3.MiddleEnglishtookshapeaboutacenturyaftertheConquest.A.RomanB.Anglo-SaxonC.NormanD.Danish(A)6.TheestablishedchurchofBritainis.A.TheChurchofEnglandB.FreechurchC.TheUnitedReformedChurchD.TheChurchofScotland(A)7.WhichofthefollowingreligioussectsdoesnotbelongtoFreeChurches?A.theRomanCatholicChurchB.QuakersC.MethodistsD.Baptists(A)8.Easteriskept,commemoratingtheofJesusChrist.A.ComingB.BirthC.DeathD.Resurrecting=2\*ROMANII．BlankfillingTheEnglishpeoplearethedescendantsofAnglo-Saxons,whiletheScots,WelshandIrisharethedescendantsoftheCelts.8.MostoftheBritishsocialcustomsarebasedontheChristiantradition.III.Matchthenamesofthecitieswiththedescriptions.ColumnAColumnB__f__1.Liverpoola.thesteelmanufacturingcenterofBritain__c__2.Hullsb.theformercenteroftextileindustryofBritain__g__3.Sheffieldc.thefishingportinHumberside__b__4.Manchesterd.thelargestcityinBritain__g__5.Glasgowe.thesecondlargestcityinBritain__d__6.Londonf.thedistrictofMerseyside__e__7.Birminghamg.thelargestcityinScotland__i__8.Belfasth.thecapitalofWales__j__9.Edinburghi.thecapitalofNorthernIreland__h__10.Cardiffj.thecapitalofScotland=3\*ROMANIV.TranslatethefollowingintoChineseOldEnglish古英语MiddleEnglish中期英语ModernEnglish现代英语TheChurchofEngland英格兰圣公会Christmas圣诞节Easter复活节WestminsterAbbey西敏寺大教堂CityofLondon伦敦城OuterLondon外伦敦Poets'Corner诗人角14.Birmingham伯明翰Questions2.WestminsterAbbeyItisalarge,mainlyGothicchurch,thetraditionalplaceofcoronationandburialsiteforBritishmonarchs.Particularlyinpoets’Corner,manyfamousmenandwomenareburied.ShakespeareGreatTragediesA.JuliusCaesarB.ClaudiusC.AugustineD.thePope(B)4.RomanBritainlasteduntiltheyearof______whenallRomantroopswentbacktothecontinent.400A.D.B.410A.D.C.445A.D.D.449A(D)5.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTathingofvalueleftbehindbyRoman?WelshChristianityB.theRomanRoadsC.citiesD.enormouswealth(A)6.Inthemiddleoffifthcentury,Anglo-Saxonscamefromtheregionof_____andthelowCountriesandsettledinBritain.DenmarkB.NorwayC.GermanyD.Holland(D)8.WhichofthefollowkingdomswasNOTsetupbyAngle?A.NorthumbriaB.MerciaC.EastAngliaD.Kent(A)9.WhichofthefollowkingdomswassetupbytheJutes?A.KentB.Sussex C.WessexD.Essex(C)13.“DoomsdayBook”wasinfactarecordofeachman’s_____________. A.experience B.behavior C.property D.reputation(B)15.TheGreatCharterwasmadeintheinterestof_______.A.theKingB.thefeudallordsC.thetownsmenD.themerchants=3\*ROMANV.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese1.RomanConquest罗马征服2.Anglo-Saxonsettlement盎格鲁撒克逊人的定居3.Anglo-SaxonHeptarchy盎格鲁撒克逊人七国时代5.BattleatHastings哈斯丁斯战役6.“DoomsdayBook”末日审判书7.theGreatCharter大宪章Questions6.AllEstatesParliament各级议会In1265,Simoncalledaparliamentwithtwoknightsfromeachshireandtwocitizensfromeachtown.Itwasknownasthe“AllEstatesParliament”.7.ModelParliament模范议会Chapter7DeclineofFeudalismandtheBourgeoisRevolution(P65)=1\*ROMANI.Choosethecorrectanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.(C)1._______launchedtheHundredYears’War.A.EdwardⅠB.EdwardⅡC.EdwardⅢD.HenryⅢ(C)2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.TheHundredYearsWarwasafeudalwar.B.TheHundredYearsWarwasatradewar.C.TheHundredYearsWarlastedforonehundredyears.D.TheHundredYearsWarisoneofthehistoricaleventsthatmarkedthedeclineoffeudalisminBritain.(B)3.From______onward,Parliamentwasdividedintotwochambers.1337B.1343C(D)4.BlackDeathtosomeextentbrought_______tovillains.HigherwagesB.greaterfreedomC.betterlifeD.bothAandB(D)7.WarofRoseswerefought_____betweentheLacastriansandtheYorkistsfrom1455to1485.A.constantlyB.irregularlyC.continuouslyD.intermittently(D)9.TheHouseofTudorwasfoundedin_______.A.1455B.1465C.1475D.1485(C)10.TheBritishBourgeoisRevolutiontookplaceinthe______century.A.15thB.16thC.17thD.18th(A)11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheRenaissanceisNOTtrue?A.theRenaissancewasarevivalofinterestinmanythingsthattheearlyMiddleAgeshadcaredabout.B.theRenaissancewasaculturalmovementbyhumanists.C.theRenaissancespreadintoEnglandundertheTudor.D.DuringtheRenaissance,thetheatreattainedgreatpopularityunderElizabeth.(A)12.ThetwocenturiesjustbeforetheoutbreakoftheBourgeoisrevolutionwereaperiodof___.A.capitalaccumulationB.colonizationabroadC.foreignterritorialD.enlightenment(A）16.TheKing’smenatthebeginningofthefirstCivilWarwerecalled___________. A.Cavaliers B.roundheads C.Puritans D.Presbyterians(D)19.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueoftheCommonwealthperiod?A.Cromwellsuppressedthediggers.B.CromwellkilledLevelersinthearmy.C.CromwellconqueredIreland.D.CromwellrestoredtheHouseofStuart.(D)20.The“gloriousrevolution”of1688put____onthethrone.A.CharlesⅠB.CharlesⅡC.JamesⅡD.WilliamofOrange=3\*ROMANIII.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese1.theEnclosure圈地运动2.Puritan清教徒4.TheHundredYears’War百年大战7.BlackDeath黑死病8.CavaliersandRoundheads骑士党和圆颅党Questions8.RestorationoftheStuart斯图亚特王朝的复辟9.“gloriousrevolution”光荣革命In1688,thebourgeoisiestagedabloodlesscoupd’etatandputWilliamofOrangeonthethrone,whichcametobeknownas“theGloriousRevolution”.Chapter8TheIndustrialRevolutionandtheChartistMovement(P74)Ⅰ.Choosethebestanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.(B)1.TheBritishIndustrialRevolutionfirstbeganintheindustry.A.ironandsteelB.textileC.coal-miningD.ship-building(A)2.inventedthe“spinningJenny.”A.JamesHargreavesB.RichardArkwrightC.EdmundCartwrightD.JamesWatt(D)3.AsaresultoftheIndustrialRevolution,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Productivitywasgreatlyincreased.B.Unskilledworkerswereemployed.C.Manynewcitiessprangup.D.Workers’livingandworkingconditionswereimproved.Questions10.Whatweretheconsequences(结果)oftheBritishIndustrialRevolution?A:First,theindustrialbourgeoisie(工业资产阶级)gainedsupremacy(最高权力,霸主地位)inthe1840snotonlyintheeconomicbutalsointhepoliticallifeofthecountry.Second,productivitywasgreatlyincreased.Third,asaresultofthegrowthofindustry,populationwasmoreandmoreconcentratedintownsandcities.Chapter9TheBritishEmpireandBritishImperialism(P84)Ⅰ.Choosethecorrectanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.(B)1.ThefirstBritishcolonywas.A.NewEnglandB.NewfoundlandC.WestIndiesD.India(B)3.TheBritishcolonistsforcedtheQinggovernmenttoconcludetheTreatyofin1842.A.PekingB.NankingC.TientsinD.Canton(C)5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefeatureofimperialism?A.foreignterritorialexpansionB.exportofcapitalC.freecompetitionD.monopoly(B)6.WhichisNOTthemembercountryoftheTripleAlliance?A.GermanyB.FranceC.Austria-HungaryD.Italy(D)7.WhichwasNOTthemembercountryoftheTripleEntente?A.BritainB.FranceC.RussiaD.Italy(D)8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofthedepressionin1930s?A.FactoriesclosedB.BanksfailedC.ForeigntradeshriveledD.Unemploymentratewaslow(C)11.InwhichyeardidJapanattackPearlHarbor?A.1939B.1940C.1941D.1942(D)12.TheBritishCommonwealthofNationsisa______________organization. A.military A.cultural C.economic D.phony(B)14.TheunderlyingaimofThatcherismis__________.A.nationalization B.denationalizationC.cuttingwages D.increasingpublicexpenditure(C)15.Mrs.Thatcherfailedtowinthegeneralelectionin1990mainlybecauseof.A.theslowdevelopmentoftheBritisheconomyB.thehighinflationC.thehighrateofunemploymentD.thehighrateoftaxes(C)16.ChinaandBritainestablishedthediplomaticrelationsattheambassadorialrankintheyearof.A.1950B.1954CⅣ.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese2.theTreatyofNanking南京条约4.theBritishCommonwealthofNations英联邦Chapter10TheLand(P97)=1\*ROMANI.Choosethebestanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.(B)1.ThecontinentalUniteStatesissituatedinthe_____partofNorthAmerica.A.northernB.southernC.centralD.eastern(B)2.TheUnitedStatesisthe______largestcountryintheworldintermsofarea.A.thirdB.forthC.fifthD.sixth(C)3._____isthelargeststateoftheUnitedStatesinarea.A.HawaiiB.TexasC.AlaskaD.Pennsylvania(D)9.River_______flowsthroughNewYorkCity.A.MissouriB.St.Lawrence(B)10.OfthefiveGreatLakes,Lake_______iswhollywithintheA.SuperiorB.MichiganC.HuronD.Erie(C)11.NiagaraFallsislocatedontheUSCanadianboundarybetween_________.A.LakeMichiganandLakeHuron.B.LakeHuronandLakeErie.C.LakeErieandLakeOntario.D.LakeSuperior（D）17.thedepositsof_____________intheUSrankthefirstintheworld.A.tin B.copper C.gold D.naturalgas(A)19.the_________arearichinnonferrousmetaldepositsintheUS.A.Westernmountainranges B.greatPlains C.CentralLowland D.Appalachianmountainrange(D)20.WhichofthefollowingisNOTinWashington A.theUSCapitol B.thewhiteHouse C.Pentagonbuilding D.theUNheadquartersⅢ.TranslatethefollowingintoChineseAlaska:阿拉斯加theMississippiRiver:密西西比河theHudsonRiver:哈德逊河“GoldRush”:淘金热Hawaii:夏威夷the“MotorCity”:汽车城the“SpaceCity,USA”:美国航空城theAppalachianMountains:阿巴拉契亚山theCordilleraRange:科罗拉多高原NiagaraFalls:尼亚加拉瀑布Ⅴ.MatchthenamesofthecitiesinColumnAwiththeirfeaturesinColumnB.ColumnAColumnB.1.__c_WashingtonD.C.a.2._d_NewYorkb.thefilmcenterandthesecondlargestcityoftheUS3.__a_Chicagoc.theseatofthefederalgovernment4.__b_LosAngelesd.thelargestcityintheUS5._g_Philadelphiae.SpaceCity6.__h_Detroitf.helargestleather,shoeandwoolmarket7.__e_Houstong.theseatoftheContinentalCongress8.__jSanFranciscoh.“MotorCity,9._f__Bostoni.oneofAmericanstopsteel-makingareas10.i__Pittsburghj.thecitythathasthelargestChinatownChapter11ThePeople(P107)Ⅰ.Choosethebestanswerandcircletheletterbeforein.(B)1.ThedominantethnicgroupintheUnitedStatestodayis____.A.theBlackpeopleB.WASPsC.AsianAmericansD.Hispanics(B)2.The____constitutethelargestethnic-racialminoritygroupintheUnitedStates.A.AmericanIndiansB.HispanicsC.BlackD.AsianAmericans(D)3.Raceisdifferentfromethnicitybecauseitsbasisis____.A.countryoforiginB.religionC.languagespokenD.skincolor(A)4.The__areattheverybottomofthesocietyintheUnitedStates.A.BlacksB.HispanicsC.non-WASPsD.Asians(D)5.Thestateof___isthelargestinpopulationtoday.A.NewYorkB.ColoradoC.ArizonaD.California(B)7.HispanicsintheUSspeak_____A.EnglishB.SpanishC.FrenchD.theirnativelanguages(D)9.____outnumberotherreligiousgroupsintheUnitedStates.A.MethodistsB.CongregationalistsC.QuakersD.ProtestantsII.BlankFilling5.BlackpeopleintheUSaredescendedfromNegroslavesimportedfromAfrica.8.Inthe19thcenturyalargenumberofChinesewereshippedtoAmericaas“coolies”12.MostoftheBlackpeopleontheUSSpeakEnglish,whiletheHispanicsspeakSpanish.13.IntheUS,Protestantsoutnumberotherreligiousgroups.Ⅳ.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.1.”meltingpot”:大熔炉2.WASPs:白人盎格鲁.撒克逊新教徒3.ethnicity种族划分5.Hispanics拉丁美洲人QuestionsShouldtheUnitedStatesbeameltingpotorasaladbowl?TheUnitedStatesisanationofmanyethnicgroups,makingita“meltingpot”,meaningpeoplewithdifferentculturalandethnicalbackgroundsimmigratetotheUnitedStates,livetogether,getmixedandbuildupthisculturethatiscalledAmericanculturetoday.AmericaissimilartoaSaladBowl,aseveryculturecanfinditspositioninAmericansociety.TheimmigrantsmayobservethesharedcultureofUSwhilekeepingtheiroriginalidentities.Chapter13GovernmentSystem(P122)I.Choices(B)2.ThepresidentoftheUnitedStatesexercisesthe___________power. A.legislative B.executive C.Judicial D.veto(A)4.___________hasthevetopowerinlegislationintheUnitedStates. A.President B.Vice-president C.SecretaryofState D.Speaker(B)5.CongresscanvetothePresident’svetobya_____________voteofthefullmembershipofbothhouses. A.two-fifths B.two-thirds C.three-fourths D.three-fifths(D)6.UndertheUSConstitution,thePresidenthasthepowerto_________withouttheconsentoftheSenate. A.appointhighofficialsB.signatreatywithothernationsC.declarewaruponothernationsD.signanexecutiveagreementwithothernations.(B)7.TheConstitutionftheUnitedStatessaysthatonly_____________candeclarewaruponothernations. A.thePresident B.Congress C.DepartmentofDefense D.thenationalSecurityCouncil(B)8.Thedepartmentof__________advisesthePresidentonforeignrelations.A.Defense B.state C.Commerce D.Labor(C)10.FBIandFederalPrisonsareamongtheresponsibilitiesoftheDepartmentof________. A.stateB.DefenseC.Justice D.Commerce(D)13.Thenumberofrepresentativesfromeachstateisfixedaccordingtothesizeof__________theStatehas. A.theterritory B.theeconomy C.thevoters D.thepopulation(B)14.RepresentativesintheUnitedSatesareelected_________________.A.annually B.every2yearsC.every3years D.everyfouryears(C)15.ImpeachmentofthePresidentshouldbe_______________.A.proposedbytheSenateanddecidedonbytheHouse.B.ProposedbytheHouseanddecidedonbytheSupremeCourtC.proposedbytheHouseanddecidedonbytheSenateD.proposedbytheSenateanddecidedontheSupremeCourtII.BlankFilling1.TheconstitutionofUnitedStatesfollowstwoprinciples:thefederalsystemandthe“separationofpowers”.2.Theconstitutiongivestheexecutivepowertothepresidentalone.3.TheCabinetoftheAmericangovernmentismadeupoftheheadsofDepartments.5.IntheUnitedStatestreatiessignedbythePresidentwithothernationsandofficialsappointedbyhimmustbeconfirmedbytheSenate.7.TheDepartmentofSateisheadedbytheSectaryofState.IV.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish1.Separationofpowers三权分立2.theNationalSecurityCouncil国家安全理事会3.theCentralIntelligenceAgency中央情报局5.Congress国会6.theUnitedstatesinformationAgency美国新闻总署7.theSupremeCourt最高法院Questions:12.Whatarethetwoprinciplesfollowedbytheconstitution?Explaineach.Thefederalsystemmeansthatthestateshavetherighttoself-governmentwhiletheseparationofpowersmeansthethreebranchesofthefederalgovernmentareindependentofeachother,buteachcheckstheothertwo(checksandbalances).13.CommentontherelationshipbetweenthePresidentandCongress.Ifthepresidentvetoesthebillpassedbythecongress,hisvetomaybeoverruledbyatwo-thirdsvoteofbothhousesoftheCongressandthebillbecamethelaw.Chapter14StateGovernmentandPartyPolitics(P135)I.Choices1.___________isthemostimportantpartofastategovernment. A.Theexecutive B.Thelegislature C.TheJudicial D.Thegovernor3.Thechiefexecutiveofastateisthe______________. A.governor B.sheriff C.SupremeCourt D.council8.Twopoliticalpartiesemergedinthemiddleofthe19thcenturyunitedStatesovertheissueof__________. A.slavery B.theConstitution C.admissionofnewstates D.theeconomicdevelopment11.TheGeneralElectionintheUnitedStatesisheldevery___________years. A.three B.four C.five D.sixChapter15TheEarlyColonization(P145)I.Choosethecorrectanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.(C)1.ChristopherColumbuswasa(n)_navigator.A.EnglishB.FrenchC.ItalianD.Spanish(A)2.TheNewWorlddiscoveredbyColumbuswasnamedafter.A.AmerigoVespucciB.ChristopherColumbusC.FerdinandMagellanD.MarcoPolo(B)3.TheearliestBritishsettlementonNorthAmericawas.A.PlymouthB.JamestownC.QuebecD.St.Louis(B)4.ThePuritans’firstsettlementonNorthAmericawas.A.JamestownB.PlymouthC.NewOrleansD.Virginia(11)TheSouthernColoniesdevelopeda__________systemwiththeexploitationofslavelabor. A.industrial B.smallfarm C.plantation D.SlaveryIV.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.AmericanIndians美洲印第安人ChristopherColumbus哥伦布5.MayflowerCompact五月花公约6.Jamestown詹姆士城7.NewEngland新英格兰10.self-governingcolonies自治殖民地Chapter16AmericanRevolution(P155)I.Choosethecorrectanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.(C)10.TheSecondContinentalCongresswasheldin.A.NewYorkCityB.BostonC.PhiladelphiaD.ValleyForge(B)11.KarlMarxcalledtheDeclarationofIndependence.A.thefirstdecisionmadebytheSecondContinentalCongressB.thefirstdeclarationoftherightsoftheindividualC.thefirstBillofRightsD.thefirstConstitutionoftheUnitedStates(C)13.TheConstitutionalConventionwasheldininMay1787.A.BostonB.NewYorkIV.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.theStampAct印花税法theSugarAct糖税法BostonMassacre波士顿屠杀案BostonTeaParty波士顿倾茶事件theSecondContinentalCongress第二次大陆会议theDeclarationofIndependence独立宣言12.BillofRights人权法案Questions:TranslatethemainideaoftheDeclarationofIndependenceintoChinese?“Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident,thatallmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithcertaininalienablerights,thatamongtheseareLife,Liberty,andthepursuitofHappiness.”我们认为下述真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等，造物主赋予他们若干不可让与的权利，其中包括生存权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。BostonMassacre波士顿屠杀案BostonTeaParty波士顿倾茶事件In1773,agroupofBostoncitizens,whodisguisedthemselvesasIndians,boardedthreeBritishshipsintheharborandtossedacargoofteaoverboard.ThiswasthefamousBostonTeaParty.Chapter17AmericanCivilWar(P164)=1\*ROMANI.Choosethecorrectanswerandcircletheletterbeforeit.(C)1.TheUnitedStatespurchasedLouisianaterritoryfrom