新疆乌鲁木齐市第四中学2022-2023学年高一年级上册期末考试英语试题

2022-2023学年度高中英语期末考试卷

试卷副标题

考试总分：100分考试时间：80分钟

注意事项：

1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息

2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上

第I卷（选择题）

请点击修改第I卷的文字说明

一、完形填空（共15分）

（本题15分）Youshouldseethephoto.Tmsittinginreddirt,]anuglypurple

T-shirt.Myfaceispinkandmyhairiswetwithsweat.Fliesbuzzaroundmyhead.Tminthe

northwestofAustralia,onaschooltripwith20parentsand20kids.

Itwasastrangechoiceforaholiday.Ilikesittingbythepoolwithacola,notfliesand

frogs.Ilikebeing2andquiet,notabusloadofkids.Ilike3washed

sheets,notdirty-lookingblankets.

Buthere'sthethingaboutthatphoto:Iamsmiling!

ThetripsoundedgoodwhenI4.Weweretoldthatguideswouldtakeusinto

theheartoftheplaceandIwouldseeanewpartofAustraliaandlearnaboutlocal5.

BesidesIknewitwouldbeavaluablechancefbrmetostaywithmyyoungestdaughter.I

wouldalsostaywith40strangers.Ijusthopetherewouldbegoodcoffee.

InDarwinwegotontoabus.Itquicklybecametiresome.Thekidswere6and

keptontalkingbutIhatemakingsmalltalk.

ButlaterwhenIlookedoutatthelargeemptyland,Iwassurprisedatandmovedbyits

7.Ourlocalguidetoldusaboutthelandandhisculture.Ifeltfarfromhome.

Finallywereachedour8TherethesmallroomIsharedwithmydaughterwas

abrickcell,fullofcrickets（蟋蟀），buttoodarktoseethem.

Itdidn'tmatter.Thenextninedayswere9.Waterfalls,lakes,communityvisits,

andatriparoundKatherineGorgewhereweevensawgiantcrocodiles!

Onourlastnight,awaterpipe（管子）10.Weawoketoamess,everythingin

water.UsuallyIwouldhave11,butitjustseemed12tobedirty.

Indeed,itwas13tostayclean.Wewerehikinginreddirtwithtemperaturesof

35degrees.Still,IfeltakindofenergyIhadn't14inyears.

Yes,thecoffeewasbad,butIwastoofocusedonkeepingcricketsoffmyface.

Ilovethatphotoofmeinthedirt.Ilookmessybuthappy.Sometimesit'sanotherway

oftraveling.Thereisbeautiful15andthereisdirt.Therewasalwayssomeoneto

talkto,someonetolaughwith.

1.（1分）A.washingB.wearingC.wavingD.watching

2.（1分）A.noisyB.busyC.aloneD.shy

3.（1分）A.shortlyB.cautiouslyC.freshlyD.clearly

4.（1分）A.signedupB.showedupC・stoodupD.wokeup

5.（1分）A.guideB.businessC.cultureD.resource

6.（1分）A.silentB.encouragedC.moodyD.excited

7.（1分）A.coldnessB.beautyC.enthusiasmD.emptiness

8.（1分）A.goalB.agreementC.destinationD.decision

9.（1分）A.killedB.packedC.wastedD.booked

10.（1分）A.cutB.expandedC.shortenedD.broke

11.（1分）A.scaredB.complainedC.laughedD.saddened

12.（1分）A.normalB.strangeC.unbelievableD.perfect

13.（1分）A.impossibleB.probableC.easy

D.important

14.（1分）A.testedB.storedC.valuedD.experienced

15.（1分）A.dressB•weatherC.sceneryD.room

二、阅读理解（共30分）

（本题6分）BestplacestoseewildlifeinCanada

Whetheryou'rekeentoseethemysteriousspiritbearsorlistentothesongsofbeluga

whales,Canada'svariedlandformoffersdozensofwildlifeadventuresthatareboundto

impressyou.SograbyourcameraandsetoutforafewofthebestplacestoseeCanada's

incrediblewildlife.

SearchforthemysteriousspiritbearsintheGreatBearRainforest,British

Columbia

SpiritbearsareoneofthemostspecialanimalsfoundinCanada.Theyareararespecies

protectedbyCanadaandcanonlybefoundintheGreatBearRainforest,whichisaremote

protectedareamainlyaccessiblebyboat.

ListentobelugawhalessinginChurchill,Manitoba

About136,000belugawhalescanbefoundhereinCanadianwatersinthesummer.They

arewhiteincolorandarenicknamedthe“canaries（金丝雀）ofthesea^thankstothesounds

theymake,whichareusedtonavigate.

Spotamoose（麋鹿）ortwoatAlgonquinProvincialPark,Ontario

Themooseareoneofthemost-lovedspeciesinCanada,butaresurprisinglydifficultto

findinthewild.Ifyouhaveyourheartsetonseeingamooseortwo,headtoAlgonquin

provincialParkinOntario,whereyoumightcatchsightofthematduskordawn,especially

inthespring.

WitnessthemonarchbutterflymigrationatPointPeleeNationalPark,Ontario

EveryyearthousandsofmonarchbutterfliesmigratefromCanadatoMexico,wherethe

spendthewinter.OneofthemainpointsofthismigrationrouteisPointPeleeNationalPark

inOntario.Headtherejustbeforesunsetorearlyinthemorningforthebestviews

16.（2分）WhichspeciesisuniquetoCanada?

A.Spiritbears.B.Belugawhales.

C.Moose.D.Monarchbutterflies.

17.（2分）Whattimeisitmostprobablytospotamoose?

A.Atduskinthewinter.

B.Atdawninthespring.

C.Atmiddayintheautumn.

D.Aftersunsetinthesummer.

18.（2分）Ifyou'reaninsectlover,whichattractsyoubest?

A.Churchill,Manitoba,

B.AlgonquinProvincialPark,Ontario.

C.PointPeleeNationalPark,Ontario.

D.TheGreatBearRainforest,BritishColumbia.

（本题8分）Youmaynotknowit,butyourbrainisalreadyanamazingvocabulary

learningmachine.Whenyoureadorlistentosomething,yourbraindoesn'ttakeeachwordat

facevalue:it'scontinuouslytakingstatisticsaboutwhichwordsappeartogetherregularlyso

thatitcanexpectwhat'scomingnextandprocessspeechfaster.

Ourbrainscontinuouslyreleaseelectricalsignals,whichchangedependingonwhattask

yourbrainisdealingwith.Scientistscanuseatechniquetoreadsomeofthesetostudyhow

yourbrainprocesseslanguage.

Oneofthesesignals,calledN400,changesdependingonwhetherwordsmakesensein

contextornot.TheN400isrelativelysmallforexpectedwordcombinations,likecoffeeand

cream,andincreasesinheightforunexpectedwordcombinations,likecoffeeandcap.This

meansthatscientistscanreadtheN400heighttoanalyzethekindofexpectationsyouhave

aboutwhichwordsusuallyappeartogether.

Inlanguagelearners,theN400changesbasedonproficiency（熟练程度）.Thebetter

peoplegetatalanguage,theclosertheirN400patternistonativespeaker's.Thismeansthat

animportantpartoflanguageproficiencyistakingstatisticsandbuildingexpectationsabout

whatwordsusuallyappeartogether,justasnativespeakersdo.

Togetbetteratthis,weneedtofloodourbrainswithloadsofnaturalcontent,sowecan

buildupapictureofwhichkindsofwordsusuallyappeartogether.Readingisagreatwayto

dothisandthere'slotsofresearchthatshowsthatreadingworkswondersfbryour

vocabularyskills.

However,itisimportanttorememberthatiftherearetoomanyunknownwords,itcan

bedifficulttofigureoutwhattheymeanfromthecontext.Anditisunpleasanthavingtostop

everytwomilestolookupaword.Gradedreaders,whicharebooksadaptedtomakethem

easiertounderstandatlowerlevels,areperfectfbrlearnersofforeignlanguages.

19.（2分）Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph1?

A.Tostateafact.B.Toofferasuggestion.

C.Tomakeacomparison.D.Toproposeadefinition.

20.（2分）WhatdoesitmeaniftheN400increases?

A.Wemakesenseofsomewordcombinationsinacontext.

B.Wecombinesomenewwordstomakeasentence.

C.Wememorizesomewordcombinationstolearnalanguage.

D.Wemeetsomewordcombinationsbeyondourexpectations.

21.（2分）Howcanwehaveanativespeaker-likeN400patternaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Byreadingsomebooksaboutvocabulaiyskills.

B.Byreadinglotsofnaturalcontent.

C.Byreadingloadsofbooksaboutnatureanddrawingpictures.

D.Byreadingauthenticcontenttoincreaseourvocabulary.

22.（2分）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Itismorebeneficialtoreadeasybooks.

B.Itisimportanttolookupnewwords.

C.Weshouldmainlyreadadaptedbooks.

D.Weshouldchoosematerialsrightforourlevel.

（本题8分）Whenachunkoficefellfromacollapsingglacier（冰川）ontheSwissAlps'

MountEigerin2017,partofthelongdeepsounditproducedwastoolowfbrhumanearsto

detect.Butthesevibrationsheldakeytocalculatingtheiceavalanche's（崩塌）critical

characteristics.

Low-frequencysoundwavescalledinfrasoundthattravelgreatdistancesthroughthe

atmospherearealreadyusedtomonitoractivevolcanoesfromafar.Nowsomeresearchersin

thisfieldhaveswitchedfocusfromfiretoice:dangerousblockssnappingoffglaciers.

Previousworkhasanalyzedinfrasoundfromsnowavalanchesbutneverice,saysBoiseState

UniversitygeophysicistJeffreyJohnson,"Thiswasdifferent,Johnsonsays."Asignatureof

anewmaterialhasbeendetectedwithinfrasound.^^

Usuallyglaciersmovefartooslowlytogenerateaninfrasoundsignal,whichresearchers

pickupusingdetectorsthattrackslightchangesinairpressure.Butacollapse—asudden,

rapidbreakingoficefromtheglacier'smainbody-isaprolificinfrasoundproducer.Glacial

collapsesdriveiceavalanches,whichposeanincreasingthreattopeopleinmountainous

regionsasrisingtemperaturesweakenlargefieldsofice.Aglacier“canbecomedetached

fromthegroundduetomelting,causingbiggerbreak-o抵,“saysUniversityofFlorence

geologistEmanueleMarchetti,leadauthorofthenewstudy.Asthethreatgrows,scientists

seeknewwaystomonitoranddetectsuchcollapses.

Researchersoftenuseradartotrackiceavalanches,whichisprecisebutexpensiveand

canmonitoronlyonespecificlocationandneighboringavalanchepaths.Infrasound,

Marchettisays,ischeaperandcandetectbreak-offeventsaroundamuchbroaderareaas

wellasmultipleavalanchesacrossamountain.Itischallenging,however,toseparateasignal

intoitscomponents（suchastrafficnoises,individualavalanchesandnearbyearthquakes）

withoutadditionalmeasurements,saysETHZurichglaciologistMalgorzataChmiel.t4The

modelusedbyMarchettiisafirstapproximationfbrthis,“shesays.Isolatingtherelevant

signalhelpstheresearchersmonitoraniceavalanchedspeed,pathandvolumefromafar

usinginfrasound.

Marchettiandhiscolleaguesarenowworkingtoimprovetheirdetectorstopickupmore

signalsacrossat-riskregionsinEurope,andtheyhavesetupcollaborationsaroundthe

continenttobetterunderstandsignalsthatcollapsingglaciersproduce.Theyarealsorefining

theirmathematicalanalysistofigureouteachicecascade'sphysicaldetails.

23.（2分）WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2andParagraph3?

A.Infrasoundhasamajorroletoplayindiscoveringnewmaterials.

B.Iceavalanchesareabiggerthreattopeoplethanvolcaniceruptions.

C.Researchersaretryingtouseinfrasoundindetectingiceavalanches.

D.Scientistsemployinfrasoundmoreinmountainareasthaninotherplaces.

24.（2分）Whichisanadvantageofinfrasoundoverradar?

A.Thecombinationwithotherrelevantsignals.

B.Theaccuracyinlocatingacertainavalanche.

C.Theabilityinpickingupsignalsinwiderareas.

D.Thesensitivityintrackingairpressurechanges.

25.（2分）Theunderlinedword"this"inParagraph4refersto.

A.distinguishingdifferentcomponentsofasignal

B.detectingmultipleavalanchesatthesametime

C.calculatingthespeedandpathoficeavalanches

D.monitoringthespecificlocationoficebreak——offs

26.（2分）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.FromFiretoIceB.GlacierWhispers

C・NatureisWarningD.SecretofIceAvalanches

（本题8分）Arecordof6.15milliontripswasmadebyChinesemainlandtouriststo

overseasdestinationsduringtheseven-daySpringFestivalholiday,whichendedonSunday,

accordingtotheChinaNationalTourismAdministration（CNTA）.Thatisanincreaseof7

percentcomparedwiththelastyear'sSpringFestival.About374,000tripswereorganizedby

travelagencies,a2.5percentincrease.

TheCNTAalsoreportedgrowthfromindividualandhigh-end（高端的）travelersand

saidthatinadditiontotopandcoastalcities,inlandcitiessuchasthoseinGuangxi——

becameimportantsourcemarkets.WithmanyChinesenowtravelingabroadduringthe

SpringFestival,theirchoiceofdestinationshasexpandedalongwiththeirgrowinginterestin

foreignculturesandservices.

“Chinesetouristsareincreasinglywillingtoexperiencelocalculturesandservices,

includingstayinginprivatehomes,appreciatingplantsandwatchingmonkeys,“LiXuejing,

anagency'smarketingmanager,said.

MissGuo,aChinesetourist,whowasvacationingonanislandinPhilippines,said,"I

nowpaymoreattentiontorelaxationandenjoymentduringtheholidaysinsteadofshopping

orchoosinggiftsforrelatives.^^

AnotherchoiceisBritain.Thoughthedevaluation（货币贬值）ofthepoundisafactor,

Britain'srichhistoryandfamouseducationtraditionhavecaughttheeyeofChinese.

27.（2分）Howmanytripsweremadetoforeigncountriesduringtheseven-daySpring

Festivalholiday?

A.6,150,000.B.2,500,000.C.7,000,000.D.374,000.

28.（2分）WhatcanwelearnaboutsomeinlandcitiesinGuangxi?

A.They'rereportedtohavebecomeimportanttouristattractions.

B.They'refamousforallkindsofplantsandmonkeys.

C.Theyhavemanyhotsprings.

D.Theyhavebecomeimportantsourcemarkets.

29.（2分）WhatwillMissGuodoonhervacationaccordingtothetext?

A.Goshoppingforgifts.B.Studyforeigncultures.

C.Relaxandenjoyherself.D.Chatwithherrelatives.

30.（2分）Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?

A.Aguidebook.B.Anewspaper.

C.Asciencemagazine.D.Anadvertisement.

第II卷（非选择题）

请点击修改第II卷的文字说明

三、七选五（共10分）

（本题10分）Sciencecanhelpyouimproveyourstudymethods.Formorethan100years,

psychologistshavedoneresearchonwhichstudyhabitsworkbest.Hereare4tipstoimprove

yourstudyhabits.

Spaceoutyourstudying

NateKomell,apsychologistatWilliamsCollege,thinksit'sagoodideatostudytheday

beforeabigtest.31（2分）.Instead,spaceoutthosestudysessions.Kornellcompares

ourmemorytowaterinacup.Trytorefillthecupwhileit'sstillfull,andyoucan'taddmuch

morewater.Allowtimebetweenstudysessions,andsomeofthematerialmaydripoutof

yourmemory.Butthenyou'llbeabletorelearnitandlearnmoreinyournextstudysession.

Practice,practice,practice!

Musicianspracticetheirinstruments.Athletespracticesportsskills.32（2分）“If

youwanttobeabletorememberinformation,thebestthingyoucandoispractice,9,says

KatherineRawson.

Testyourself

ScientistNebelsuggests.u33（2分）Putquestionsononesideandtheanswerson

theothersideofthecardandtrytoquizyourselfthewaytheteacherasksquestions.^^she

adds."Itwillbeofgreathelp.,,

34（2分）

It'shardtorememberastringoffactsandfiguresifyoudon'tpushfurther.Askwhy

thingsareacertainway.Howdidtheycomeabout?Whydotheymatter?Psychologistscall

thiselaboration.It'stakingclassmaterialandaskingalotofhowandwhyquestionsaboutit.

Thishelpsyoucombinenewinfbnnationwithotherthingsyouknow.Anditcreatesabigger

networkinyourbrainofthingsthatrelatetooneanother.35（2分）.

A.Digdeeper

B.Tryyourbest

C.Ofcourse,nothingcanreplacestudyingwithyourmother

D.Thesameshouldgoforlearning

E.Thatlargernetworkmakesiteasiertolearnmoreanddeeper

F.Createapackofcardseverytimeyoulearnnewinformation

G.Butresearchshowsit'sabadideatoforceallyourstudyingintothatday

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文（共10分）

（本题10分）语法填空

Inthepastfewyears,morethanhalfofbookstoresinChinahavecloseddown,

36（1分）istheresultofthe37（1分）（compete）fromonlinebookstores.

ButthesuccessofSisypheBookstore,oneofthe38（1分）（big）privately-owned

bookstorechainsinChina,mayserveas39（1分）amazingexample.

40（1分）（found）in1993,Sisyphestartedtotransfbnnandupgradeitsbusiness

in2009toseekitsprofitability.Now,itnotonlydevotesitselfto41（1分）（sell）

books,butalsocombinesthefunctionsofbookstore,cafeandsaleofcreativecultural

products.Sisypheopensitsbookstoresinshoppingmallsinordertotakeadvantageofthe

largenumberofconsumersofshoppingmallstosellitsbooks,anditalso42（1分）

（able）peopletoenjoyspendingtimereadinganddrinkingcoffee.43（1分）return,

bookstoreshaveimprovedtheculturalatmosphereofshoppingmalls,so44（1分）is

mutually（共同的）beneficialtohavesuchcooperation.

Sofar,thegovernment45（1分）（offer）taxreductionforbookstoresto

encouragethedevelopmentofphysicalbookstores.Perhapsitisearlytosaytheboomof

physicalbookstoreshascome,butdefinitely,weseethelight.

五、短文改错（共10分）

46.（本题10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以

下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增

加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（八）并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

DearJim,

I'mverygladtohearfromyou.Inyourletter,yousaidyousufferfromdepression

becauseoftheheavyloadofstudyanddidn'tknowhowtogetridofit.Therefore,Iam

writingtoofferyouwithsomesuggestions.

Firstofall,thatisquitecommonforhighschoolstudentstofeeldepressingsometimes.

Whichreallymattersisthatyoushouldfaceyourproblemandmakeupyourmindtosettleit.

Themosteffectivelywayistoturntoteachersfbrhelp.Theywillsurelyprovideyouwith

usefulandpracticaladvices.Besides,takeanactivepartinsportsoryou'llfeelmore

energeticthanbefore.Hangoutwithfriendsisalsogoodwaytorelaxyourself.

Ihopemysuggestionscanbeofsomehelptoyou.

Yours,

LiHua

六、建议信（共33分）

47.（本题33分）为了帮助学生健康成长，你校校报开辟了飞62m丁0川6211”专栏。假设

你是该栏目的编辑Jennie,收到封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自

己的困扰：自己的英语作文写不好，语句乏味、无话可说，得不到好成绩，因此非常气

馁。请你用英文给该同学写一封回信，内容包括：

1、表示理解并给予安慰；

2、提出建议：多阅读、多积累和模仿；

3、说明你建议的理由。

注意：写作词数：80-100

（信的开头语与结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）

DearWorried,

I'msorrytoknowthatyou'rehavingabadtimeatthemoment.

Yours,

Jennie

参考答案:

l.B2.C3.C4.A5.C6.D7.B8.C9.B10.D11.B12.A13.A14.D

15.C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了作者在一次旅行中的经历和感受，虽然当时的

处境和状况不是很好，但是却很快乐。

1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我坐在红土上，穿着一件难看的紫色T恤。A.washing洗；B.

wearing穿；C.waving挥舞：D.watching观看。根据“anuglypurpleT-shirt（一件难看的紫色

T恤）”可知，这里指作者穿着这件衣服。故选B。

2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢独处和安静，而不是一车孩子。A.noisy吵闹的；B.

busy繁忙的；C.alone独自的；D.shy害羞的。根据and后面的形容词quiet（安静的）可知，

应该选择alone与其并列，表示作者喜欢独处和安静。故选C。

3.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢刚洗过的床单，不喜欢看起来脏兮兮的毯子。A.shortly

立亥U；B.cautiously小心地：C.freshly新，新近，刚才；D.clearly清楚地。根据"notdirty-looking

blankets（不是看起来脏兮兮的毯子）”可知，作者喜欢新洗过的床单。故选C。

4.考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我报名时，这趟旅行听起来很不错。A.signedup报名；B.

showedup出现;C.stoodup站起来；D.wokeup叫醒,醒来。根据"Thetripsoundedgood.

（这趟旅行听起来很不错。）"和"Weweretoldthatguideswouldtakeusintotheheartofthe

placeandIwouldseeanewpartofAustralia.（我们被告知导游会带我们进入这个地方的中心

以及我会看到澳大利亚的一个新地方。）”可知，这里描述的是作者报名这次旅行之时得到的

信息。故选A。

5.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们被告知导游会带我们进入这个地方的中心以及我会看到

澳大利亚的一个新地方和了解当地的文化。A.guide向导；B.business商业；C.culture文化；

D.resource资源。根据下文的"Ourlocalguidetoldusaboutthelandandhisculture.（我们的当

地导游向我们介绍了这片土地和其文化。）”可知，作者在导游的带领下，到一个新地方要了

解当地的文化。故选C。

6.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们很兴奋，不停地说着话，但我讨厌闲聊。A.silent

沉默的；B.encouraged受到鼓励的；C.moody情绪化的；D.excited激动的，兴奋的。根据“kept

ontalking（不停地说着话）”可知，孩子们在旅途中很兴奋。故选D。

答案第1页，共10页

7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但后来当我看着这片空旷的土地时，我被它的美丽所震惊和

感动。A.coldness冷淡；B.beauty美丽；C.enthusiasm热情：D.emptiness空虚，空旷。这

里指作者被这片空旷的土地的美丽所震惊和感动。根据文章最后一段中的“Thereis

beautiful...（那里有美丽的...）”和本句中的“Ilookedoutatthelargeemptyland（看着这片

空旷的土地）”可知，作者向车外看时发现了美丽的景色，此处受empty一词的影响容易误

选emptiness,需注意。故选B。

8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们终于到达了目的地。A.goal目标；B.agreement同意；C.

destination目的地；D.decision决定。根据下文的"TherethesmallroomIsharedwithmy

daughterwasabrickcell,fullofcrickets,buttoodarktoseethem.（我和女儿共用的小房间是一

间砖房，里面全是蟋蟀，但屋内太暗了，看不到它们。）”可知，作者他们到达了旅游的目的

地，来到了住宿的地方。故选C。

9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的九天都安排满了。A.killed消磨，杀死；B.packed

挤满，打包;C.wasted浪费；D.booked预订。根据“Waterfalls,lakes,communityvisits,anda

triparoundKatherineGorgewhereweevensawgiantcrocodiles!（瀑布、湖泊、社区参观，以

及凯瑟琳峡谷之旅，在那里我们甚至看到了巨型鳄鱼！）“可知，接下来的九天满满地安排这

些参观内容了。故选B。

10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨晚，一根水管坏掉了。A.cut砍；B.expanded扩大；C.

shortened缩短；D.broke破裂，损坏。根据后句“Weawoketoamess,everythinginwater.（我

们醒来时一团糟，一切都在水中。）“可知，水管坏掉了。故选D。

11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常我会抱怨，但这次看起来脏是正常的。A.scared使害怕；

B.complained抱怨；C.laughed大笑；D.saddened使悲伤。根据第3题的分析可知，作者喜

欢干净，所以说对于这种状况作者通常会抱怨。故选B。

12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常我会抱怨，但这次看起来脏是正常的。A.normal正

常的；B.strange奇怪的；C.unbelievable难以置信的；D.perfect完美的。根据上一题的分析

可知，作者通常会抱怨脏乱的情况，再由but（表示转折）可知，这次到没什么的了，即能

够正常对待这种情况了。故选A。

13.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，要保持干净是不可能的。A.impossible不可能的；

B.probable可能的；C.easy容易的；D.important重要的。根据第8题和第10题的分析可知，

这样的状况下要保持干净是不可能的。故选A。

14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我仍然感到一种多年未体验过的活力。A.tested

答案第2页，共10页

测试；B.stored储存；C.valued珍视；D.experienced经历，体验。根据Wewerehikinginred

dirtwithtemperaturesof35degrees.（我们在35度的红土地面上徒步旅行。）"和"Yes,the

coffeewasbad,butIwastoofocusedonkeepingcricketsoffmyface.（是的，咖啡很糟糕，但

我很专注于让蟋蟀远离我的脸。）”可知，作者在这里感受到了很多以往未曾感受过的事情。

故选D。

15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里有美丽的风景，也有泥土。A.dress服装；B.weather

天气；C.scenery风景；D.room房间。根据第9题的分析可知，作者一行人看到了美丽的景

色，此外由dirt一词的提示，scenery与其构成对比，合乎语境。故选C。

16.A17.B18.C

【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加拿大几个观赏野生动物的好去处。

16.细节理解题。根据第二段第二句"TheyareararespeciesprotectedbyCanadaandcanonly

befoundintheGreatBearRainforest,whichisaremoteprotectedareamainlyaccessiblebyboat.

（它们是加拿大保护的稀有物种，只能在大熊雨林中找到。这是个偏远的保护区，主要可以

乘船到达广可知，白灵熊是加拿大独有的物种。故选A项。

17.细节理解题。根据第四段最后——句"Ifyouhaveyourheartsetonseeingamooseortwo,head

toAlgonquinprovincialParkinOntario,whereyoumightcatchsightofthematduskordawn,

especiallyinthespring.（如果你一心想看一两只驼鹿，那就去安大略省的阿尔冈昆省立公园吧,

在那里你可能会在黄昏或黎明看到它们，尤其是在春天。）“可知，最有可能看到麋鹿的时间

是春季的黄昏或黎明。故选B项。

18.细节理解题。根据最后一段"Everyyearthousandsofmonarchbutterfliesmigratefrom

CanadatoMexico,wherethespendthewinter.Oneofthemainpointsofthismigrationrouteis

PointPeleeNationalParkinOntario.（每年有成千上万只帝王蝶从加拿大迁徙到墨西哥过冬。

这条迁徙路线的主要景点之一是安大略省的佩利角国家公园户可知，如果你喜欢昆虫，可以

去PointPeleeNationalPark观赏帝王蝶。故选C项。

19.A20.D21.B22.D

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述了我们的大脑是一个词汇学习机器，研究者用N400来研

究了大脑是如何处理我们所遇到的单词组合，并且提出学习语言时，应选择适合自己水平的

读本。

答案第3页，共10页

19.推理判断题。根据文章第一段首句“Youmaynotknowit,butyourbrainisalreadyan

amazingvocabularylearningmachine.（你可能不知道，但是你的大脑已经是一"t•很好的词汇

学习机器。）“可知，后文举例说明你的大脑是一个很好的词汇学习机器，故第一段的目的是

为了陈述我们的大脑是词汇学习机器的这个事实，故选A。

20.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“TheN400isrelativelysmallforexpectedwordcombinations,

likecoffeeandcream,andincreasesinheightforunexpectedwordcombinations,likecoffeeand

cap.（对于预料中的单词组合，比如说咖啡和冰淇淋，N400相对来说比较低；但是对于预

料之外的单词组合时，比如说咖啡和帽子，N400就会增加。）”可知，如果N400上升的话,

那就意味着我们遇到了意料之外的单词组合，故选D。

21.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Togetbetteratthis,weneedtofloodourbrainswith

loadsofnaturalcontent,sowecanbuildupapictureofwhichkindsofwordsusuallyappear

together.（为了更擅长这点，我们需要让我们大脑充满自然的语言内容，这样的话，我们就

能在大脑里建造一副图片，图片里是哪些单词通常一起出现。）“可知，如果我们想要像本土

人一样的N400模式，我们需要读很多的自然语言内容，故选B。

22.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Gradedreaders,whicharebooksadaptedtomakethem

easiertounderstandatlowerlevels,areperfectforlearnersofforeignlanguages.（分级读本对于

外语学习者来说是最好的选择，因为它们是改编读本，主要是为了较低水平的阅读者能更容

易理解。）”可知，在选择阅读读本时，我们应该根据自己的水平选择适合的读本，这样的话

才有利于学习，故选D。

23.C24.C25.A26.B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍冰崩会发出大量的次声波，研究人员正在尝试用次声探

测技术来检测和探测冰崩。

23.细节理解题。根据第二段的“Previousworkhasanalyzedinfrasoundfromsnowavalanches

butneverice,saysBoiseStateUniversitygeophysicistJeffreyJohnson.（博伊西州立大学的地

球物理学家JeffreyJohnson说，之前的工作分析过雪崩的次声，但从未分析过冰的次声）”

和第三段的“Butacollapse——asudden,rapidbreakingoficefromtheglacier'smainbody—isa

prolificinfrasoundproducer.（但是冰川的崩塌---冰川主体的冰突然迅速断裂----是大量次

声的产生者）"和"Asthethreatgrows,scientistsseeknewwaystomonitoranddetectsuch

collapses.（随着威胁的增加，科学家们寻求新的方法来监测和探测这种崩塌）”可知，从第

答案第4页，共10页

二和