山东省潍坊一中高三开学检测英语试题

潍坊一中高三年级开学质量检测英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Inthepostoffice.C.Inthestreet.2.WhatdidCarldo?A.Hedesignedamedal.B.HefixedaTVset.C.Hetookatest.3.Whatdoesthemando?A.He'satailor.B.He'sawaiter.C.He'sashopassistant.4.Whenwilltheflightarrive?A.At18:20.B.At18:35.C.At18:50.5.Howcanthemanimprovehisarticle?A.Bydeletingunnecessarywords.B.Byaddingacoupleofpoints.C.Bycorrectinggrammarmistakes.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答6—7题。6.WhatdoesBilloftendoonFridaynight?A.Visithisparents.B.Gotothemovies.C.WalkalongBroadway.7.Whowatchesmusicalplaysmostoften?A.Bill.B.Sarah.C.Bill'sparents.听下面一段对话，回答8—9题。8.WhydoesDavidwanttospeaktoMike?A.Toinvitehimtoaparty.B.Todiscussaschedule.C.Tocalloffameeting.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A.Theyarecolleagues.B.'Theyareclosefriends.C.They'venevermetbefore.听下面一段对话，回答10—12小题。10.Whatkindofcameradoesthemanwant?A.ATVcamera.B.Avideocamera.C.Amoviecamera.11.Whichfunctionisthemanmostinterestedin?A.Underwaterfilming.B.Alargememory.C.Autofocus.12.Howmuchwouldthemanpayforthesecondcamera?A.950euros.B.650euros.C.470euros.听下面一段对话，回答13—16题。13.WhoisClifford?A.Alittlegirl.B.Theman'spet.C.Afictionalcharacter.14.WhosuggestedthatNormanpaintforchildren'sbooks?A.Hiswife.B.Elizabeth.C.Apublisher.15.WhatisNormansstorybasedon?A.Abook.B.Apainting.C.Ayoungwoman.16.WhatisitthatshockedNorman?A.Hisunexpectedsuccess.B.Hiseffortsmadeinvain.C.Hiseditor'sdisagreement.听下面一段独白，回答17—20小题。17.Whowouldliketomakesmalltalkaccordingtothespeaker?A.Relatives.B.Strangers.C.Visitors.18.Whydopeoplehavesmalltalk?A.Toexpressopinions.B.Toavoidarguments.C.Toshowfriendliness.19.Whichofthefollowingisafrequenttopicinsmalltalk?A.Politics.B.Movies.C.Salaries.20.Whatdoesthespeakerremendattheendofhislecture?A.Askingopenendedquestions.B.Feelingfreetochangetopics.C.Makingsmalltalkinteresting.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）AThisfamoussitefeaturesoneofthelargestandmostrepresentativecollectionsofBuddhistarchitectureandartinChina.Itwasratedasa5Aclasstouristattractionin2010.TheLingshanGrandBuddhaisan88meterhighopenairbronzestatueofSakyamuni.Itis17metershigherthantheGrandBuddhaatLeshanMountain.ItispartofthepatternofFiveBuddhasinfivedirectionstogetherwiththeBigBuddhaatLantauIslandinHongKongtothesouth,theGrandBuddhaatLeshanMountaintothewest,theGrandBuddhainYungangCavestothenorthandtheGrandBuddhaattheLongmenTips：Location:LingshanRoad,Mashantown,Binhudistrict,WuxiTickets:Throughticket：210yuan（$31.85）,andfreeticketsfortheperformanceofOdetoAuspiciousnessforindividualvisitorsOpeninghoursforLingshanMountain:7：0017：00OpeninghoursforBrahmaPalace:9：0018：00Remendations:TheNineDragonFountainTheNineDragonFountaininfrontofthegiantBuddhawillstarttoplaymusicandthesong,TheBirthofBuddha,at10ameveryday.Ahugelotus（莲花）slowlybloomswithsixpetals,anda7metergoldenstatueofPrinceBuddharisesfromthelotus,withonehandpointingtotheskyandonehandattheearth,symbolizingBuddha'slightshiningonallthings.TheBrahmaThewholepalaceshowsthemixtureoftraditionalculturalelementswithWesternarchitecturalfeatures.Manyculturalheritageitemsandartworkscanbefoundthere.Itssplendiddesignsurpriseseveryvisitor.1.WhatistheLingshanGrandBuddhafamousfor?A.Itstypicalcollectionsofarchitectureandart.B.Itsspecialmaterial.C.Itsgeographicallocation.D.Itslonghistory.2.WhatdoweknowabouttheperformanceofOdetoAuspiciousness?A.Itlasts10hoursforvisitors. B.Itcosts210yuanatleast.C.It'savailableonlyforgroupvisitors. D.It'sfreeifyougetathroughticket.3.WhydoesthewriterremendtheBrahmaA.It’sinfrontofthegiantBuddha.B.Itsdesignandcollectionsareamazing.C.Visitorscanenjoyahugelotusthere.D.Manytraditionalculturalitemsareonsale.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个中国最大、最具代表性的佛教建筑艺术收藏的遗址。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“ThisfamoussitefeaturesoneofthelargestandmostrepresentativecollectionsofBuddhistarchitectureandartinChina.”可知，这个著名的遗址是中国最大、最具代表性的佛教建筑艺术收藏之一。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Tickets:Throughticket：210yuan($31.85),andfreeticketsfortheperformanceofOdetoAuspiciousnessforindividualvisitors”可知，买到门票后这个演出是免费的。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“ThewholepalaceshowsthemixtureoftraditionalculturalelementswithWesternarchitecturalfeatures.”可知，整个宫殿体现了传统文化元素与西方建筑特色的融合。由此可推知，作者推荐Brahma宫殿是因为它的设计和收藏令人惊叹。故选B项。BBradleyMcConachie,a33yearoldAustralianisactuallyastudentininternationalrelationspletinghisPhDthroughGriffithUniversity.HecametoBeijingforacooperativeresearchatBeijingBradleywasluckytowinthemost"likes"forhisphotostoryabouthislifeinChinaandbecameoneof20winnerstovisitlocationsbytheprojectthissummer.Allthewinners’experienceswerefilmedtoproducearealityshow,MyChineseWorkingDay,whichwillbebroadcastbymidSeptember.BradleywaschosentoworkasarecreationalmanagerforaChinesewedding.Thefilmcrewtookthemtomany“amazingsites"andthestaffattheresorttaughtthemalotabouthowtoincorporatemodernChinesefeatureswhilestillkeepingtraditionalcustoms.“Iwouldhavetosaytwothingsstickoutasthemostmemorable：thehelicopterrideandtalkingwiththestaffatthehotelabouthowtheyorganizeweddingshereinChina,"hesaid.ThatwasBradley'sfirsttimetobeinahelicopter,andhewastooabsorbedwiththe“stunning"viewofthecoastline.“IthinkitissoimportanttoshowotherAustraliansthedifferentlandscapesChinahastooffer.IthinksomanyAustralians,whentheythinkaboutChina,imaginethehistoricalsitesofBeijingandtheexcitingthingstoseeinShanghaibuthavenoideaaboutotherbeautifulplaces,likeSanyaorthemanyotherplacespeoplehavebeentakentointhisTVseries.Itwasnicetoexperiencetheselittletouches.Iwashappytobeapartofthatexperience!”Bradleysaid.4.WhatmadeBradley'slifemorecolorful?A.ObtaininghisPhD.BTheculturalexchangesproject.C.TheresearchaboutBeijingD.Theinterestininternationalrelations.5.WhywasBradleygiventhechance?A.Heproducedtherealityshow.B.HislifeinChinawasinteresting.C.Hewasoneofthetop20winners.D.Helikedphotostoriesmost.6.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“stunning"inParagraph4?A.Fantastic. B.Confusing.C.Agreeable. D.Extreme.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.It'sdifficulttoproducemovingTVseries.B.BeijingandShanghaiarehistoricalsites.C.Sanyaisworthvisitingforforeigners.DManyAustraliansknowlittleaboutChina.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Bradley来到北京大学进行合作研究，他在中国生活的照片故事赢得了最“喜欢”的人，并成为今年夏天该项目20个参观景点的获奖者之一。坐直升飞机观看中国的美景觉得澳大利亚人对中国知之甚少。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Suchanacademiclifewascolorfulwithachanceofferedbytheculturalexchangesproject”可知，文化交流项目提供了一个使这样的学术生活丰富多彩的机会。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Bradleywasluckytowinthemost"likes"forhisphotostoryabouthislifeinChinaandbecameoneof20winnerstovisitlocationsbytheprojectthissummer”可知，Bradley很幸运，因为他在中国生活的照片故事赢得了最“喜欢”的人，并成为今年夏天该项目20个参观景点的获奖者之一。故选C项。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Thefilmcrewtookthemtomany“amazingsites"”和第四段最后一句“ThatwasBradley'sfirsttimetobeinahelicopter,andhewastooabsorbedwiththe“stunning"viewofthecoastline.”可知，这是布拉德利第一次坐直升机，他太专注于“惊人”的海岸线景观。A.fantastic不可思议的，奇异的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.agreeable令人愉快的；D.extreme极端的。结合选项可知，stunning的意思与fantastic相近。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“IthinksomanyAustralians,whentheythinkaboutChina,imaginethehistoricalsitesofBeijingandtheexcitingthingstoseeinShanghaibuthavenoideaaboutotherbeautifulplaces,likeSanyaorthemanyotherplacespeoplehavebeentakentointhisTVseries.”可知，我想这么多澳大利亚人，一想到中国，就会联想到北京的历史古迹和上海令人兴奋的东西，但对其它美丽的地方却一无所知，比如三亚，或者这部电视连续剧中的许多其他地方。由此可推知，许多澳大利亚人对中国知之甚少。故选D项。CTheEbroDelta,knownas,abattlegroundduringtheSpanishCivilWar,isnowthesettingforadifferentcontest,wherericefarmersfightagainsttwoenemies:thericeeatinggiantapplesnail,andrisingselllevels.WhathappensherewillhaveaneffectonthefutureofEuropeanriceproductionandtheoverallhealthofsouthernEuropeanwetlands.LocatedintheWesternMediterranean,theEbroDeltaproduces120millionkilogramsofriceayear,makingitoneofthecontinent’smostimportantricegrowingareas.Astheseamovesintothesefreshwatermarshes(湿地),however,risingsalinity(盐分)ishinderingriceproduction.Atthesametime,thisseawateralsokillsoffthegreedygiantapplesnail,anintroducedpestthatfeedsonyoungriceplants.Themostpromisingstrategyhasbeetoexploitoneevilagainsttheother.Thebattleiscurrentlyinprogressonland,ingreenhousesattheUniversityofBarcelona.Scientistsworkingundertheguidanceof”ProjectNeurice”areseekingvarietiesofricethatcanwithstandtheincreasingsalinitywithoutlosingtheabsorbency.“Theprojecthastwosides,”saysXavierSerrat,NeuriceprojectmanagerandresearcherattheUniversityofOriginallyfromSouthAmericathesnailswereaccidentallyintroducedintotheEbroDelta.Fornow,thegiantapplesnail’spresenceinEuropeislimitedtotheEbroDelta,Butthesnailcontinuesitsmarchtonewterritory,saysSerrat.”ThequestionisnotwhetheritwillreachotherricegrowingareasofEurope,butwhen.”8.What’sthemosteffectivestrategyaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Beatingenemiesonebyone. B.Strikingthestrongerenemyfirst.C.Killingtwobirdswithonestone. D.Usingoneenemytohittheother.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthe”ProjectNeurice”?A.Itputsthecontrolofsnailsfirst.B.Itfunctionsprettywellonclimatechange.C.ItaimstoincreasetheSpanishriceproduction.D.Itstressesthesnails’effectonriceproduction.10.Whatcanbeknownabouttheapplesnailsfromthetext?A.Itcantoleratetherisingsalinity. B.Itwillattackotherricegrowingareas.C.Itmultipliesatahighspeed. D.ItwasintroducedintoSpandeliberately.11.Whichsectionisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Chemistry. B.Tourism. C.Farming. D.Geography.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了在EbroDelta，稻农与两个敌人作斗争：一个是吃稻谷的大苹果蜗牛，另一个是不断上涨的销售量；并介绍了应对方案。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Themostpromisingstrategyhasbeetoexploitoneevilagainsttheother.”可知，最有希望的策略是利用一种邪恶来对付另一种邪恶。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“theshorttermfightagainstthesnail,andamidtolongtermfightagainstclimatechange.Butthesnailhasgiventheprojectgreaterurgency.”可知，短期与蜗牛抗争，中长期与气候变化抗争，但蜗牛给了这个项目更大的紧迫性。由此可推知，这个项目把控制蜗牛放在第一位。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句“Butthesnailcontinuesitsmarchtonewterritory,saysSerrat.“ThequestionisnotwhetheritwillreachotherricegrowingareasofEurope,butwhen.””可知，蜗牛继续向新的领域前进，问题不在于它是否会到达欧洲其他水稻种植区，而在于何时到达。由此可知，它会袭击其他水稻种植区。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。纵观全文，尤其根据第一段第一句“TheEbroDelta,knownas,abattlegroundduringtheSpanishCivilWar,isnowthesettingforadifferentcontest,wherericefarmersfightagainsttwoenemies”可知，文章主要介绍农民怎么对付吃稻谷的巨型苹果蜗牛的，应该是出自农业部分。故选C项。DLastyear,theBureauofLaborStatisticsreportedthat55millionpeopleintheU.S.are“gigworkers"whichismorethan35percentoftheU.S.workforce.Thatnumberisprojectedtojumpto43percentby2020.Peoplearedrawntogigwork（零工）becauseitbringsinalittleextrainewithoutamajortimemitment.AndrecenttechnologieslikeSkype,Slack,andDropboxhavemadethegiglifeareality,givingyoumaximumfreedom,anidealworklifebalance,andthechancetopursueyourpassions.Ifyou'rethinkingofjoiningthegigeconomy,it'sneverbeeneasier.Oneofthegreatthingsaboutthegigeconomyisthatyoudon'thaveabossbreathingdownyourneck.Asafreelancer,younolongerhavetocatertoapanycultureorworkschedulethatmightcausephysicaloremotionalstress.Instead,yougettochoosethetypeofworkyoudoandwhoyouworkwith.Butthisdegreeoffreedomrequiresacorrespondingamountofdiscipline.Withnobosstomakesureyou'reontask,it'sallonyou.Alotofgigworkersstarttheircareersbyhoppingonaprojectbecausetheemployerisdesperateandinneedofhelp.Ontheemployer'send,it'stoughtotakeonpeopleforhighermanagementpositionswhenthepooloftalentisfullofgigworkerswhohaven'tbeengivenanopportunitytoimprovetheirskills.Businesseshavetoevolvetolearnhowtoaccountforaninflux（(涌入）oftemporaryworkers.Itisharderforgigworkerstobeeskilledandgetpromoted.Theworkforceisbeingmoreadvancedandeducatedbytheday.Youhavetokeeplearningandkeepupwithindustrytrendstomaintainapetitiveedge.Thisistrueevenforpeopleintraditionalofficesettings,butit'scriticalifyou'reyourownboss.12.Whatmadethegiglifeareality?A.Greaterworklifebalance. B.Newtechnologies.C.Alittleextramoney. D.Maximumfreedom.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“breathingdownyourneck”inParagraph3mean?A.Makingyouunabletobreathefreely.B.Standingveryclosebehindyou.C.Threateningyoubysayingsomething.D.Monitoringyouclosely.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastbutoneparagraph?A.Employersshouldinvestintrainingthetemporaryworkers.B.Gigworkersstarttheirjobsoutofpassion.C.It'shardforemployerstoemploypeopleforhigherpositions.D.It'shardforgigworkerstodevelopskills.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheStrengthsandWeaknessesoftheGigEconomyB.TheChallengesoftheGigEconomyC.TheIncreaseoftheGigEconomyD.TheReasonfortheGigEconomy【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了零工经济的优势和劣势。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“AndrecenttechnologieslikeSkype,Slack,andDropboxhavemadethegiglifeareality”可知，是新的技术使它成为现实的。故选B项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段内容尤其该段最后一句“Withnobosstomakesureyou'reontask,it'sallonyou.”可知，没有老板能确保你完成任务，一切都由你来决定。由此可推知，第三段中划线短语“breathingdownyourneck”意为“密切监视你”。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“Ontheemployer'send,it'stoughtotakeonpeopleforhighermanagementpositionswhenthepooloftalentisfullofgigworkerswhohaven'tbeengivenanopportunitytoimprovetheirskills.”可知，从雇主的角度来说，当人才库中满是没有机会提高技能的工作人员时，很难让他们担任更高的管理职位。由此可推知，从倒数第二段我们可以推断出雇主应投资培训临时工。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第三段第二句“Oneofthegreatthingsaboutthegigeconomyisthatyoudon'thaveabossbreathingdownyourneck.”和倒数第二段最后一句“Itisharderforgigworkerstobeeskilledandgetpromoted.”可知，本文介绍了零工经济的优势和劣势。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Childhoodobesityputskidsatriskforcardiovasculardisease,boneandjointproblems,sleepapnea,andpotentialsocialandpsychologicalproblems.___16___Ofcourse,theCDCremendshealthylifestylechoices—healthyeating,physicalexercise.___17___Thatistoprovideasafeandsupportiveenvironmentwherehealthylifestylechoicescanbemade.Whatdon'tkidsneed?___18___Toomuchfocusonoverweightleadstowardmoreweightgain.Anewdataanalysisoftwostudiesfoundthatchildrenwhoseparentsconsideredthemtobe“overweight"tendedtogainmoreweightover10yearsthanchildrenwhoseparentsconsideredthem“normalweight".Childrenwhoseparentslabelthemas“overweight"hadanegativeselfperceptionabouttheirbodies.Theywereengagedinmoreattemptstoloseweight.___19___Theclearmessagefromthisstudyisthatdietingismorelikelytoleadtoweightgain,notweightloss,inbothchildrenandadults.PsychologyresearchersEricRobinsonandAngelinaSutinarguethatthestigmaofbeinglabeledoverweightasachildmightactuallygainweightinthefuture.___20___Forthestudy,children'sheightandweightweremeasuredatage4or5,andparentswereaskedtodescribewhethertheythoughtthechildrenwerebestdescribedasunderweight,normalweight,overweightorveryoverweight.Whenthechildrenwere12or13,theyusedimagestobestdepictwhattheyperceivedtheirbodiestolooklikeandwereaskedwhetherornottheyengagedinanydietingbehavior.Heightandweightmeasurementsweretakenagainwhenthechildrenwere14or15yearsold.A.Labelsandpressurearoundweightandweightgain.B.Leftuntreated,theseproblemscancontinueintoadulthood.C.Theyalsopointoutanotherimportantwaytokeepkidshealthy.D.Theresearcherscannotbecertainaboutwhatisdriving.E.TheyanalyzedthedatafromastudyofAustralianchildren.F.Butitactuallycontributedtoweightgainoverthe10yearperiod.G.Anumberofmothersinthisstudysufferfromdepressionandanxiety.【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.F20.E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肥胖给儿童带来的不好的影响以及疾控中心推荐了健康的生活方式选择健康的饮食、体育锻炼。【16题详解】根据前一句“Childhoodobesityputskidsatriskforcardiovasculardisease,boneandjointproblems,sleepapnea,andpotentialsocialandpsychologicalproblems.”可知，空格前讲儿童肥胖带来的不好的影响。B项“如果不加以治疗，这些问题会持续到成年”承接上文，符合语境。故选B项。【17题详解】根据空格前一句“Ofcourse,theCDCremendshealthylifestylechoices—healthyeating,physicalexercise.”可知，当然，疾控中心推荐健康的生活方式选择健康的饮食、体育锻炼。C项“他们还指出了另一个保持孩子健康的重要方法”承接上文，且后面的代词“That”指C项的“anotherimportantwaytokeepkidshealthy”。故选C项。【18题详解】根据后一句“Toomuchfocusonoverweightleadstowardmoreweightgain.”可知，过度关注超重会导致体重增加。A项“体重和体重增加的标签和压力”引出下文，且A中的“moreweightgain”与后面的“moreweightgain”相呼应。故选A项。【19题详解】根据前一句“Theywereengagedinmoreattemptstoloseweight.”可知，他们为了减肥尝试了更多。F项“但事实上，在过去的10年里，它对体重的增加起到了推波助澜的作用”承接上文，且F中的“weightgainoverthe10yearperiod”与上文“gainmoreweightover10years”相呼应。故选F项。【20题详解】根据后面的“Forthestudy,children'sheightandweightweremeasuredatage4or5”可知，在这项研究中，儿童的身高和体重是在4岁或5岁时测量的。E项“他们从一项澳大利亚儿童的研究中分析了这个数据”引出下文，且E中的“astudyofAustralianchildren”与上文中的“Forthestudy”相呼应。故选E第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MelbourneGirls'Collegeisgettingridofalldustbinsandaskingstudentstotaketheirrubbishhometoencouragethemtomovetowardszerowaste.StartingnextMonday,thecollegewillgradually___21___alltherubbishbinsinfiveweeksinclassroomsandtheyard,____22____1400studentsand140stafftofindtheirownhomeforchippacketsandjuiceboxes.Volunteerstudentswill___23___dailynonpulsoryfoodinspectionsinwhichchildrenbringing“zerowaste"lunchboxeswillbe___24___.Studentsusingonly___25___packagingwillreceiveatoken(礼券）towinprizessuchaskeepcups.Therubbishthatstudentstakehomemaystillgotolandfill(废物填埋场）viatheirhomebins,___26___thenewpolicywillhelppersuade___27___tobuyfewerpackageditemsandreusecontainers.Mostissuesaroundcarryingrubbishhome,suchassmellandmess,canbesolved.___28___tuna（金枪鱼）inatin,forexample,can___29___theschool'spost（堆肥）binandthetincanbe_____30_____beforeit'stakenhome.ThecollegeprincipalKarenMoneyacknowledgesthatsomeparentsmaynothavethetimeormeanstoavoid____31____insingleusepackaging,“butit's____32____togetasmanypeopleaswecantoavoidit.Wetalkalot,____33____educators,aboutthebadproblemstheworld____34____,andifwedon'tstartputtingsomeactions____35____thatbeautifulidea,thenit'sjustempty."21.A.replace B.wash C.clean D.remove22.A.proving B.leaving C.promising D.allowing23.A.receive B.forbid C.admit D.conduct24.A.rewarded B.advised C.changed D.protected25.A.creative B.usual C.reusable D.plastic26.A.so B.but C.then D.though27.A.teachers B.staff C.families D.classmates28.A.Uneaten B.Uncooked C.Uncovered D.Unbroken29.A.breakdown B.breakthrough C.getthrough D.gointo30.A.returned B.washed C.reused D.spared31.A.foods B.clothes C.drinks D.tools32.A.keeping B.dreaming C.stopping D.trying33.A.for B.to C.as D.with34.A.solves B.shows C.faces D.follows35.A.aheadof B.behind C.upon D.beyond【答案】21.D22.B23.D24.A25.C26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.D33.C34.C35.B【解析】本文是一篇记述文。文章主要讲述了墨尔本女子学院正在清理所有垃圾箱，并要求学生们把垃圾带回家，以鼓励他们朝着零浪费的方向发展。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从下周一开始，学院将在五周内逐步清除教室和院子里的所有垃圾桶。A.replace代替；B.wash洗；C.clean打扫，清扫；D.remove去除，移动。由上文“askingstudentstotaketheirrubbishhometoencouragethemtomovetowardszerowaste”可知，此处指清除垃圾。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：让1400名学生和140名工作人员在自己家里寻找芯片包和果汁盒。A.proving证明；B.leaving让……处于（某种状态），离开；C.promising承诺；D.allowing允许。由上文内容可知，此处用leave。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿学生每天将进行非强制性的食物检查。A.receive收到，接到；B.forbid禁止；C.admit承认，准许进入；D.conduct进行，实施，指挥。由后面的“inspections”可知，此处指进行检查。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：志愿者学生将进行日常的非强制性食品检查，携带“零浪费”午餐盒的儿童将获得奖励。A.rewarded奖励；B.advised建议；C.changed改变；D.protected保护。由后面的“winprizes”可知，此处指奖励。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：使用可重复使用的包装的学生将获得奖品，如可重复使用咖啡杯。A.creative创造性的；B.usual通常的；C.reusable可重复使用的；D.plastic塑料的。由下文“buyfewerpackageditemsandreusecontainers”可知，此处指可重复使用的包装。故选C项。【26题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：学生带回家的垃圾仍然可以通过他们家的垃圾箱填埋，但新政策将有助于说服家庭减少购买包装物品和重复使用容器。A.so所以；B.but但是；C.then然后；D.though虽然。根据句意可知，此处两个分句之间是转折关系，应用连词but。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生带回家的垃圾仍然可以通过他们家的垃圾箱填埋，但新政策将有助于说服家庭减少购买包装物品和重复使用容器。A.teachers教师；B.staff职员；C.families家人，家庭；D.classmates同学。由前面的“takehome”和“viatheirhomebins”可知，此处指说服家庭。故选C项。28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带回家之前清洗干净。A.Uneaten未吃的，剩下的；B.Uncooked未煮过的；C.Uncovered无覆盖的；D.Unbroken未破损的，完整的。根据常识可知，罐头里的金枪鱼是还未食用的。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带回家之前清洗干净。A.breakdown发生故障，分解；B.breakthrough突破；C.getthrough通过，度过；D.gointo进入，加入。根据语境可知，此处指放进堆肥箱。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，可以放进学校的堆肥箱，罐头可以在被带回家之前清洗干净。A.returned返回，报答；B.washed清洗；C.reused再用；D.spared节约，吝惜。由语境及常识可知，罐头里的未食用金枪鱼，放进堆肥箱后，罐头要清洗干净。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些家长可能没有时间或手段避免食用一次性包装的食品。A.foods食物；B.clothes衣物；C.drinks饮料；D.tools工具。由语境可知，此处指一次性包装的食品。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但试图让尽可能多的人来避免。A.keeping保持；B.dreaming梦想；C.stopping停止；D.trying试图，尝试。由前面的“maynothavethetimeormeanstoavoid”可知，此处指试图让尽可能多的人来避免。故选D项。【33题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。A.for为了，给；B.to朝，对于；C.as作为，如同，以……身份；D.with和……在一起，用，具有，随着。由上文“Thecollegeprincipal”及语境可知，此处指作为教育工作者。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。A.solves解决；B.shows展示，表明；C.faces面对；D.follows跟随。由前面的“thebadproblemstheworld”可知，此处用face，意为“世界面临的坏问题”。故选C项。【35题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果我们在这个美丽的想法之后不开始采取一些行动，那么它就是空的。A.aheadof在……之前；B.behind在……之后；C.upon在……之上；D.beyond超过。由句意及语境常识可知，提出某种想法之后采取一些行动。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SunYangwinsmen's400mfreestyleinFINAChampionsSwimSeriesonJanuary15inShenzhen.“My400mfreeremainssmoothallthetime,showingthatmytrainingis___36___(effect).Mygoalthisyearis____37____(win)attheOlympicGames,"saidSun,wholosttoRapsys___38___0.03in200mfreestyleonTuesday.Theworldtopclassathlete___39___(perfect)showedhisdominantpowerinthe400mfreestyleeventinfrontofallhishomefans,_____40_____(suggest)thatheisaiminghighfortheupingTokyoOlympicGames.LiuXiangbaggedhersecondgoldmedalinthe50mfreestylein24.04.“Igot___41___coldafterIarrivedherethreedaysago,_____42_____Ididnotexpecttowinwithatimeequalingmypersonalbest,"saidLiu.Sofar,China____43____(collect)9goldmedalsasthebiggestwinner.AccordingtoFINAofficialwebsite,thebrandnew“FINAChampionsSwimSeries"issince2019acircuit____44____(gather)thetopathletesofthesport,andithasanoriginal___45___(pete)formatincludingfinalswithonlyfourswimmers.【答案】36.effective37.towin38.by39.perfectly40.suggesting41.a42.so43.hascollected44.gathering45.petition【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了孙杨和刘湘在国际泳联冠军游泳系列赛获得冠军。【36题详解】考查形容词。根据前面的名词“mytraining”和be动词“was”可知，此处应用形容词。故填effective。【37题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我今年的目标是在奥运会上获胜。分析句子可知，此处表示目的，所以用to+动词原形。故填towin。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：在周二的200米自由泳以0.03输给了拉普西斯。在比赛中以多少分输给了对方一般用介词by。故填by【39题详解】考查副词。此处应用副词修饰后面的动词showed。故填perfectly。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。根据前面的谓语动词showed可知，此处应用非谓语动词，用现在分词引导状语从句。故填suggesting。【41题详解】考查冠词。getacold是固定短语，意为“感冒”。故填a。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：我三天前来这里后感冒了，所以我没想到能在个人最好成绩上扳平比分。根据句意可知，这两个分句之间是因果关系，所以用so。故填so。【43题详解】考查时态。时间状语sofar与现在完成时连用，所以此处应用现在完成时。故填hascollected。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。根据前面的谓语动词is可知，此处应用非谓语动词；circuit与动词gather之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填gathering。【45题详解】考查名词。根据前面的形容词“original”可知，此处应用名词。故填petition。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Linda很喜欢中国丝绸。正巧你市于4月20日1.写信目的；2.介绍文化节；3.约定见面时间、地点。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearLinda,KnowingthatyouareinterestedinChinesesilk,IamwritingtoinviteyoutoaChineseSilkCultureFestivaltobeheldfromApril20thto26thintheCityHall.Itsthemeis“Chinasurprisestheworldwithsplendidsilk”.Atthefestival,besidestheknowledgeofsilkhistory,variousdelicatesilkproductswillbeshown,amongwhicharesomeelegantsilkdresses.Woulditbeconvenientforyoutoeifwemeetat9amonApril20thattheentranceoftheCityHall?I’dappreciateitifyoucouldconfirmyouringatyourearliestconvenience.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封电子邮件邀请很喜欢中国丝绸的英国朋友Linda，请她参加你市于4月20日【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时为主结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.写信目的；2.介绍文化节；3.约定见面时间、地点。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）beinterestedinsth.；invitesb.to…；ChineseSilkCultureFestival；beconvenientforsb.todosth.；atone’sconvenience第三步：连词成句1.KnowingthatyouareinterestedinChinesesilk,IamwritingtoinviteyoutoaChineseSilkCultureFestivaltobeheldfromApril20thto26thintheCityHall.2.Woulditbeco