浙江省Z20名校联盟高三上学期第二次联考英语试题字词积累检测任务单

浙江Z20联考试题第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWalledCitiesOfTheWorldTherearenumeroushistoricalwalledcitiesacrosstheworld,whosewallsdatebackseveralcenturies.Thesewallswerefortification(碉堡),anecessitythroughoutmedievalerasfordefense.Theyhavebeenpreservedashistoricalmonumentsandpopulartouristattractionsinthemoderntime.York,EnglandThecityofYorkisamedievalcitysituatedinthenorthofEngland.Historically,thecitywasruledbytheRomans,Angles,andtheVikingsbeforebeingincorporatedaspartoftheKingdomofEnglandin954.Locatedinthecityarewallsbuiltin71ADwhichhavebeenrestoredandextendedwithtime.Xi’an,ChinaThecityofXianisoneoftheoldestcitiesinChina.ItprosperedeconomicallyastheeasternlaststationoftheSilkRoad.Theexistingwallswereoriginallybuiltin770BCandreconstructedinthe14thcenturyundertheMingDynasty.Thewallsarewellpreservedandareamajortouristattractioninthecity.QuebecCity,CanadaQuebecCitywasacolonial(殖民地的)townwhichwasfortifiedbythesettlingEuropeans.Thewallsbegantobebuiltin1608underbothBritishandFrenchregimes(政权).AfortwasconstructedbytheBritishasanadditionaldefensivemeasureandremainsundamagedtodate.Thecity’sfortificationswerelistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein1985.MexicoCity,MexicoHistorically,theCityofMexicogainedimportanceastheAztecCapital.TheSpanishthendroveouttheAztecsandrebuiltitastheSpanishCapital.Thewallsprotectingthecitywerebuiltin1521.MexicoCityisalsohometonumerouscolonialerabuildingswhichtogetherwiththewallsaremajortouristattractionsinthecity.1.Whichcityhaswallsofthelongesthistory?A.York,England. B.Xi’an,China.C.QuebecCity,Canada. D.MexicoCity,Mexico.2.WhatdoQuebeccityandMexicocityhaveinmon?A.Theywereoncecoloniesofothercountries.B.TheywereoncethecapitaloftheAztecempire.C.TheirwallswereoncebuiltunderBritishregime.D.Theirwallswereoncedamagedafterconstruction.3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A.Culture. B.Entertainment. C.Science. D.Society【答案】1.B2.A3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是世界上有城墙的四座城市。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据York,England部分中的“Locatedinthecityarewallsbuiltin71ADwhichhavebeenrestoredandextendedwithtime.(城中有建于公元71年的城墙，随着时间的推移，城墙得到了修复和扩展。)”可知，英国的约克郡建于公元71年；根据Xi’an,China部分中的“Theexistingwallswereoriginallybuiltin770BCandreconstructedinthe14thcenturyundertheMingDynasty.(现存的城墙最初建于公元前770年，在明朝时期于14世纪重建。)”可知，西安现存的城墙最初建于公元前770年；根据QuebecCity,Canada部分中的“Thewallsbegantobebuiltin1608underbothBritishandFrenchregimes(政权).(1608年，在英法两国的统治下，长城开始修建。)”可知，加拿大的魁北克城墙始建于1608年；根据MexicoCity,Mexico部分中的“Thewallsprotectingthecitywerebuiltin1521.(保护这座城市的城墙建于1521年。)”可知，保护这座城的城墙建于1521年，综合以上信息可知，中国西安的城墙修建历史是最悠久的。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据QuebecCity,Canada部分中的“QuebecCitywasacolonial(殖民地的)townwhichwasfortifiedbythesettlingEuropeans.(魁北克城是一个殖民地城镇，由定居的欧洲人加强了防御。)”可知，魁北克城是一个殖民地城镇，结合MexicoCity,Mexico部分中的“MexicoCityisalsohometonumerouscolonialerabuildingswhichtogetherwiththewallsaremajortouristattractionsinthecity.(墨西哥城也是许多殖民时代建筑的所在地，这些建筑和城墙一起成为该市的主要旅游景点。)”可知，墨西哥城是许多殖民地时代建筑的所在地，由此可知，这两座城市的共同点是他们曾经是其他国家的殖民地。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据首段中的“Therearenumeroushistoricalwalledcitiesacrosstheworld,whosewallsdatebackseveralcenturies.(世界上有许多历史悠久的城墙城市，它们的城墙可以追溯到几个世纪以前。)”以及下文中的“Theyhavebeenpreservedashistoricalmonumentsandpopulartouristattractionsinthemoderntime.(它们在现代被保存为历史遗迹和热门旅游景点。)”可知，本文介绍的是有许多历史悠久的城墙城市，他们被保存为历史遗迹和热门旅游景点，由此可知，本文应是出自于杂志的文化部分。故选A项。BItwasthewinterwhenItaughtinasmallcountryschoolonthewestcoastofVancouverIsland.Ihadthreegradesoflittlepeopleinmyclass,allbeamingwiththedesiretolearnalltheycould.OnelittleboynamedDavidfrommygradeoneclasswantedtolearnmorethanalltheothers.Hisroundswollenfacewouldsmileupatme,remindingmeoverandoverofhisdisease—leukemia.Moreoftenthannot,hewouldbemissingfromourclassroomforroundsoftreatments.Allofusweresopleasedthen,tohavethathappylittleboywithusforChristmas.Wedecoratedourclassroom,practisedfortheconcert,andpreparedChristmasstoriestoshare.TwodaysbeforeschoolletoutforthethreeweekChristmasholiday,Ireadastorytotheclass.Itwasthestoryof“TheLittlestAngel”.Thislittleangelhadanawfultimeinheaven.Hecouldnotadjusttotheroutine.Hewasalwaysintrouble,bumpingintootherangels,trippingovercloudsordroppinghishalo.Nothingseemedtomakehistimeeasieruntilonecelestialdayanarchangelsuggestedthatthelittleangeltakesomeitemswithhim.Justafewthingstoremindhimofhisgoodolddays,whichmightbeofsomehelp.AsIreadthestory,apletesilencefellovertheclassaseachchildbecamemoreinvolvedintheplightoftheangel.Everyonewassympatheticforhismisfortune,includingDavid.Thefollowingdayduringourregularshowandtelltime,holdingasmallwoodenbox,Davidbeganhissharing,“Thisismyfirsttooth,”heexplained.“Thisisaribbonfrommysister’shair,andthisismypuppy’scollar.Mydadgavemethisoldkey.Mymomsaysthisbigcoinisforgoodluck.”Evenbeforehetoldusthepurposeofthebox,weallseemedtoknow.Shinytearswentdottodotdownthefacesoftheotherchildren.TherestofthedaywitnessedallofuscarefullypreparingitemstofillDavid’swoodenbox.Whentheholidayscametoaclose,weallreturnedtoourclass—allexceptDavid.Hehadgotagoodchanceandleftforabigcitytogetbettertreatment,clutchingthewoodenboxthatheldhishopeandmemories,andours.4WhatcanwelearnaboutDavidfromthefirstparagraph?A.Hisattractivesmileimpressedhisteacheralot.B.Thoughseriouslyill,hewaspassionatetolearn.C.Hisdiseasepreventedhimfromgoingtoschool.D.Thoughlookingnormal,hesufferedfromafataldisease.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“theplight”referto?A.Thepasttime. B.Thepromisingfuture.C.Theawfulsituation. D.Thedailyroutine.6.WhydidDavidprepareawoodenbox?A.Tosharehisitems. B.Tohelpthelittleangel.C.Totreathisdisease. D.Toholdthegoodmemories.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDavid?A.Intelligentanddiligent. B.Sociableandadventurous.C.Strongwilledandambitious. D.Optimisticandcourageous.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者班上的“小天使”的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“OnelittleboynamedDavidfrommygradeoneclasswantedtolearnmorethanalltheothers.Hisroundswollenfacewouldsmileupatme,remindingmeoverandoverofhisdisease—leukemia.(我一年级班上一个叫大卫的小男孩比其他所有的人都想学得更多。他那肿胀的圆脸会朝我微笑，一遍又一遍地提醒我他的病——白血病。)”可知，David比所有的人都想学的更多，但是他患上白血病，由此可知，David虽然病得很重，但他对学习充满热情。故选B项。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Thislittleangelhadanawfultimeinheaven.Hecouldnotadjusttotheroutine.Hewasalwaysintrouble,bumpingintootherangels,trippingovercloudsordroppinghishalo.(这个小天使在天堂过得很糟糕。他不能适应这种例行公事。他总是遇到麻烦，撞到其他天使，被云绊倒，或者掉下他的光环。)”可知，小天使在天堂上遇到很多的麻烦，境遇很糟糕，结合划线单词前的“AsIreadthestory,apletesilencefellovertheclassaseachchildbecamemoreinvolvedin…(当我读到这个故事的时候，全班鸦雀无声，每个孩子都更加关注着……。)”可知，作者读完小天使的故事，孩子们都关注着的应是小天使的“困境”，由此可知，划线单词的意思应与“困境”意义相近。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Nothingseemedtomakehistimeeasieruntilonecelestialdayanarchangelsuggestedthatthelittleangeltakesomeitemswithhim.Justafewthingstoremindhimofhisgoodolddays,whichmightbeofsomehelp.(似乎没有什么能让他的日子好过些，直到有一天，一位大天使建议小天使带走一些东西。只是一些能让他想起过去美好时光的东西，也许会有所帮助。)”可知，作者讲述的小天使的故事中，大天使建议小天使带走一些让他想起过去美好时光的东西，结合倒数第二段中的“Thefollowingdayduringourregularshowandtelltime,holdingasmallwoodenbox,Davidbeganhissharing,“Thisismyfirsttooth,”heexplained.“Thisisaribbonfrommysister’shair,andthisismypuppy’scollar.Mydadgavemethisoldkey.Mymomsaysthisbigcoinisforgoodluck.”(第二天，在我们的常规展示时间，大卫拿着一个小木盒开始分享，“这是我的第一颗牙齿，”他解释道。“这是我妹妹头发上的丝带，这是我小狗的项圈。我爸爸给了我一把旧钥匙。我妈妈说这个大硬币代表好运。”)”可知，David带来的盒子里都是一些让他能想起的过去美好时光的东西，由此可知，David准备一个木盒子是为了留住美好的回忆。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据首段中的“Hisroundswollenfacewouldsmileupatme,remindingmeoverandoverofhisdisease—leukemia.(他那肿胀的圆脸会朝我微笑，一遍又一遍地提醒我他的病——白血病。)”可知，David患上白血病仍然对着作者微笑，说明David是一个乐观的孩子，结合倒数第二段中的“Thefollowingdayduringourregularshowandtelltime,holdingasmallwoodenbox,Davidbeganhissharing,“Thisismyfirsttooth,”heexplained.“Thisisaribbonfrommysister’shair,andthisismypuppy’scollar.Mydadgavemethisoldkey.Mymomsaysthisbigcoinisforgoodluck.第二天，在我们的常规展示时间，大卫拿着一个小木盒开始分享，“这是我的第一颗牙齿，”他解释道。“这是我妹妹头发上的丝带，这是我小狗的项圈。我爸爸给了我一把旧钥匙。我妈妈说这个大硬币代表好运。”)”可知，作者讲述完“小天使”的故事后，第二天David准备了一个小木盒与大家分享他的美好回忆，由此可知，在David知道自己患有重病，也许会离开大家，他仍能够勇敢面对，综上信息可知，David是一个乐观而又有勇气的孩子。故选D项。CAmazonrecentlyannounceditslatestlaunch,arobotcalledAstro.Smallinsize,butwithimpressivetechnology,AstroisseeminglysimilartoAmazon’spopularvirtualassistant.WithallthesamecapabilitiesasAlexa,manycriticsareaskingwhythere’saneedforAstro.Answeringthisquestion,Amazon’sVicePresidentofProducts,CharlieTritschler,highlightssomeuniquefeaturesofAstrothatmakeitadifferentkindofrobot.Astrocanmoveonitsownandfollowpeople,offeringconsumersafarbroaderrangeofoptions.Besides,itcanmonitorhomesecurity.AstrousesArtificialIntelligencetolearnmoreabouthouseholdmembersbyinteractingwithusers.Userscanalsoregisterthemselvesandothersintoitsrecognitionsystem.Whentheyleavehome,theycanmakeanawaymode,whichmeans“Sentry(哨兵)Mode”,or“PatrolMode”startworking.Ifsomeonewhoisnotrecognizedentersthehouse,Astrowillfollowandrecordthem.Astro’smobilityseemstobethekeyfeatureinitstechnologicalenhancement,butwhatappealstopeoplemostisits“uniquepersona”.Itsbig,circular,blinking“eyes”displayedonitsscreenlikeheadmakingitlookrathercuteareabigreasonforthis.Yearsofresearchshowthathumansoftenexperiencepositiveemotionalconnectionswithrobots.AccordingtoMIT’stechnologyreviewofAstro,itmaynotfallfarfromthisobservation.Peoplehaveetoloveroboticpets,thoughtheyarefullyawarethatthepetsarelifeless.Robotsathomecanplayausefulroleinhelpingelderlypatientsfightlonelinessoryoungchildrenfacesocialanxiety.AmazonisofferingpeopleinterestedinAstrothechancetosignupforDay1Editions,aprogramgivinginvitationstoAstroassoonasitgoesonthemarketlaterthisyear.Tritschlerisencouragingpeopletopersonalizetherobotwhenitbeesavailable,andheisconfidentthatuserswilleupwithmoreideasandfeaturestheywillwanttoseeintherobotinthenearfuturetomakeitevenbetter.8Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.TheconvenientoperationofAstro. B.TheessentialfunctionsofAstro.C.TheincreasingpopularityofAstro. D.ThedistinctivecapabilitiesofAstro.9.WhichaspectofAstroattractspeoplemost?A.Itsrecognitionsystem. B.Itsabilitytomoveonitsown.C.Itsadorableappearance. D.Itsabilitytomonitorhomesecurity.10.WhatisTritschler’sattitudetothefutureofAstro?A.Critical. B.Positive. C.Uncertain. D.Doubtful.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Astro:ARobotAssistant B.TheNewRevolutionofAIC.Astro:AnEmotionalRelief D.TheGreatPotentialofRobots【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是亚马逊最近发布的一款名为Astro的机器人。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Answeringthisquestion,Amazon’sVicePresidentofProducts,CharlieTritschler,highlightssomeuniquefeaturesofAstrothatmakeitadifferentkindofrobot.(在回答这个问题时，亚马逊产品副总裁CharlieTritschler强调了Astro的一些独特功能，使其成为一种不同的机器人。)”结合下文中介绍的Astro的一些独特的功能可知，本段主要介绍的是Astro的一些独特的功能。故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的：“Itsbig,circular,blinking“eyes”displayedonitsscreenlikeheadmakingitlookrathercuteareabigreasonforthis.(它像屏幕一样的头上长着大大的、圆形的、闪烁的“眼睛”，这让它看起来相当可爱，这是一个重要的原因。)”可知，Astro头上长着的大大的、圆形的、闪烁的“眼睛”让他看起来很可爱，由此可知，Astro最吸引人的是它可爱的外表。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Tritschlerisencouragingpeopletopersonalizetherobotwhenitbeesavailable,andheisconfidentthatuserswilleupwithmoreideasandfeaturestheywillwanttoseeintherobotinthenearfuturetomakeitevenbetter.(特里奇勒鼓励人们在机器人可用时对其进行个性化设计，他相信在不久的将来，用户会提出更多的想法和功能，让机器人变得更好。)”可知，Tritschler相信在不久的将来，用户会提出更多的想法和功能，让机器人变得更好，由此可知，Tritschler对Astro的未来持乐观的态度。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Amazonrecentlyannounceditslatestlaunch,arobotcalledAstro.Smallinsize,butwithimpressivetechnology,AstroisseeminglysimilartoAmazon’spopularvirtualassistant.(亚马逊最近发布了一款名为Astro的机器人。Astro体积小，但技术令人印象深刻，看起来与亚马逊流行的虚拟助手类似。)”结合下文中的介绍的Astro的独特的功能以及对机器人未来发展情况的介绍可知，本文主要介绍的是亚马逊推出的一款称为Astro的机器人，所以题目“Astro：机器人助手”与本文的内容吻合，且可以概括本文的主题，适合作为本文的最佳题目。故选A项。DNocturnal(夜间的)exposuretobluelightcontainingshortwavelengthemissions(450500nm)—thekindoflightproducedbythescreensofmanydevicesraisesbloodsugarlevelsandincreasessugarintake,accordingtoastudyperformedonSudaniangrassrats.“MuchoftheartificiallightweareexposedtoesfromLEDlightsandscreens,whichemithighlevelsofbluelight,”saidAnayanciMasisVargasfromtheUniversitiesofStrasbourgandAmsterdamandhiscolleagues.Accordingtotheirstudy,retinal(网膜的)cellsoftheeyearesensitivetothisbluelightanddirectlyconveyinformationtoareasofthebrainthatcontrolappetite.Inthestudy,thescientistsexposeddiurnalSudaniangrassratstonighttimebluelight(490nm)andmeasuredtheirfoodconsumptionandglucose(葡萄糖)tolerancethefollowingday.“Inordertobettermodelhumanlightexposure,theratswerediurnal,meaningawakeduringthedayandasleepatnight,ratherthanthetypicalnocturnallaboratoryratswhichareawakeduringnighttimehours,”theresearchersexplained.Theyfoundthatafteronlyonehourofnocturnalbluelightexposure,glucosetolerancewaschangedintherats,awarningsignofprediabetes.Toinvestigatewhathappenswithappetitecontrolandfoodchoiceafterexposuretobluelightatnight,inthefollowupstudy,theratsweregiventheoptiontochooseamonganutritionallybalancedfood,water,pigfat,andsugarwater.Aftertheexposuretobluelight,thestudyauthorsobservedthattheratspreferredsugarwateranddrankmoreofitthatnightthanduringthenightswithnobluelightexposure.Astheexperimentcontinued,theresearchersnoticedmoreexposuretobluelightcausedrats’heavierbodiesaswell.“Limitingtheamountoftimethatwespendinfrontofscreensatnightis,fornow,thebestmeasuretoprotectourselvesfromtheharmfuleffectsofbluelight,”MasisVargassaid.“Incaseitisnecessarytobeexposedtodevicesatnight,Iwouldremendthenightmodefeaturesonthedevices,whichturnthescreensmoreorangeandlessblueortheuseofbluelightfilteringglassesthatarealreadyavailableinthemarket.”12.Accordingtothestudy,nocturnalexposuretobluelightwill________.A.affectbloodpressure B.influenceappetiteC.disturbthedeliveryofinformation D.decreaseretinalcellsoftheeye13.Whywerediurnalratsusedinsteadofnocturnalratsinthestudy?A.Theirsleepmodelissimplertofollow.B.Theirsugarintakeiseasiertomeasure.C.Theirlightcontactissimilartothatofhumans.D.Theirglucosetoleranceisclosetothatofhumans.14.WhichwasNOTconsideredinthefollowupstudy?A.Foodchoice. B.Animalweight.C.Foodconsumption. D.Animalgender.15.WhichisthemosteffectivewaytolessentheharmofbluelightaccordingtoMasisVargas?A.Upgradingphonemode. B.Changingthecolorofthescreen.C.Restrictingnightscreentime. D.Wearingbluelightfilteringglasses.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，一项研究表明，夜间暴露在蓝光下会提高血糖水平，增加糖的摄入量，研究人员建议限制晚上的屏幕使用时间，或者在电子设备上安装夜间模式功能或者使用蓝光过滤眼镜。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Accordingtotheirstudy,retinal(网膜的)cellsoftheeyearesensitivetothisbluelightanddirectlyconveyinformationtoareasofthebrainthatcontrolappetite.(根据他们的研究，眼睛的视网膜细胞对这种蓝光很敏感，并直接将信息传递给控制食欲的大脑区域)”可知，根据研究显示，夜间暴露在蓝光下会影响食欲，故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘Inordertobettermodelhumanlightexposure,theratswerediurnal,meaningawakeduringthedayandasleepatnight,ratherthanthetypicalnocturnallaboratoryratswhichareawakeduringnighttimehours,’theresearchersexplained.(研究人员解释说：“为了更好地模拟人类的光暴露，这些老鼠是昼行性的，也就是说白天醒着，晚上睡觉，而不是典型的夜间活动的实验室老鼠，在夜间醒着。”)”可知，研究中使用昼行性老鼠是因为它们的光接触与人类相似。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Toinvestigatewhathappenswithappetitecontrolandfoodchoiceafterexposuretobluelightatnight,inthefollowupstudy,theratsweregiventheoptiontochooseamonganutritionallybalancedfood,water,pigfat,andsugarwater.Aftertheexposuretobluelight,thestudyauthorsobservedthattheratspreferredsugarwateranddrankmoreofitthatnightthanduringthenightswithnobluelightexposure.Astheexperimentcontinued,theresearchersnoticedmoreexposuretobluelightcausedrats’heavierbodiesaswell.(为了研究夜间暴露在蓝光下后食欲控制和食物选择的变化，在后续研究中，让大鼠选择营养均衡的食物、水、猪脂肪和糖水。在暴露在蓝光下后，研究作者观察到老鼠更喜欢糖水，并且当晚喝的糖水比没有蓝光的夜晚要多。随着实验的继续，研究人员注意到更多的蓝光照射也会导致老鼠的体重增加)”可知，后续研究考虑到了食物选择、动物的体重和食物消耗，D项“动物性别”不符合题意，故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Limitingtheamountoftimethatwespendinfrontofscreensatnightis,fornow,thebestmeasuretoprotectourselvesfromtheharmfuleffectsofbluelight,’MasisVargassaid.(MasisVargas说：“目前，限制我们晚上在屏幕前的时间是保护我们免受蓝光有害影响的最佳措施。”)”可知，MasisVargas认为限制晚上的屏幕使用时间是减轻蓝光危害的最有效方法，故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknown.Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.____16____Geteighthoursofsleep.“Whenyou’renotrested,everythingthathappensinyourlifeisalotmorestressful,”saysDr.AryaSharma,aprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofAlberta.Ifwedon’thaveenoughsleep,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.____17____Engageinvolunteerwork.____18____ResearchpublishedinPsychosomaticMedicineshowedthatafeelingofpurposeinlifeislinkedtoalowerlikelihoodofheartattackandstroke.Dependingonthetypeofworkyoudo,volunteeringmightevenincreaseyourphysicalactivity.____19____Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts,andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.Asvariousstudiesshow,evenshortperiodsofexposureareunhealthyforpeoplewhoalreadyhaveothercardiovascular(心血管的)risks,suchashighbloodpressure.Laugh.____20____A2016studyintheJournalofEpidemiologyofmorethan20,000peopleovertheageof65foundalowerincidenceofcardiovasculardiseaseinthosewhoreportedlaughingeveryday.A.Avoidpollutedair.B.Engageinindooractivities.C.Thesefactorscanallhaveanimpactoncardiovascularhealth.D.Readthefollowingtipstomakeyourlifefilledwithhappiness.E.Doinggoodforothershelpsyourselfesteemandrelievesstress.F.Itreducesstressanddepression,anditmayalsoserveasaminiworkout.G.Actually,asmallchangeinyoureverydayroutinecanpotentiallyhaveabigimpact.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.A20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一些帮助预防早发性心脏病的建议。【16题详解】前文“Asmuchas80percentofprematureheartdiseaseispreventablebymakingspecificlifestylechoices.Somestrategies,suchasexercisingandmanagingweight,arewellknown.Butothersmaynothavecrossedyourmind.(多达80%的早发性心脏病可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防。一些策略，如锻炼和控制体重，是众所周知的。但你可能没有想到其他策略。)”讲述了可以通过选择特定的生活方式来预防大部分早发性心脏病，这些策略中有的是众所周知的，而有的则不是。再结合下文内容可知，空处应承上启下，讲述要改变日常生活方式。G项“事实上，你日常生活中的一个小变化可能会产生巨大的影响。”符合题意。故选G。【17题详解】前文“Ifwedon’thaveenoughsleep,ourbodiesalsohavemoredifficultycontrollingbloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels.(如果我们睡眠不足，我们的身体也会更难控制血压、炎症和血糖水平。)”讲述了睡眠不足时身体的某些方面会出现的一些反应，空处应承接上文，讲述这些因素对心脏产生的后果，C项“这些因素都会对心血管健康产生影响。”符合题意，“Thesefactors”指代上文中的“bloodpressure,inflammationandglucoselevels”。故选C。【18题详解】根据本段主旨句“Engageinvolunteerwork.(参与志愿者工作。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是要参与志愿者工作，空格处的句子应该说这样做的好处。E项“为他人做好事有助于自尊并减轻压力。”符合题意。故选E。【19题详解】结合上下文可知，空处是本段小标题。根据后文“Trytogetyouroutdoorexercisefarawayfromhighwaysandindustrialdistricts,andspendmoretimeindoorswhentheairqualityindexispoor.Asvariousstudiesshow,evenshortperiodsofexposureareunhealthyforpeoplewhoalreadyhaveothercardiovascular(心血管的)risks,suchashighbloodpressure.(尽量远离高速公路和工业区进行户外锻炼，当空气质量指数较差时，多待在室内。正如各种研究所表明的那样，对于已经有其他心血管风险——如高血压——的人来说，即使是短时间的暴露也是不健康的。)”可知，本段主要讲述了要远离被污染的空气，A项“避免污染空气。”符合题意。故选A。【20题详解】根据本段小标题“Laugh.(笑。)”和后文“A2016studyintheJournalofEpidemiologyofmorethan20,000peopleovertheageof65foundalowerincidenceofcardiovasculardiseaseinthosewhoreportedlaughingeveryday.(《流行病学杂志》2016年对20000多名65岁以上的人进行的一项研究发现，那些每天报告都笑的人患心血管疾病的几率较低。)”可知，空处应说的是笑对健康有好处，F项“它可以减轻压力和抑郁，也可以作为一种迷你锻炼。”符合题意。故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“Yournewbornisn’tgoingtomakeit.”OnMarch25,2010,KateandDavidOggheardthewordseveryparentis____21____of.Theirtwinsagirlandaboywereborntwominutesapartand14weekspremature,weighingjustovertwopoundsrespectively.Doctorshadtriedto____22____theboyfor20minutesbutsawnoimprovement.Hisheartbeatwasnearlygone,andhe’d____23____breathing.Thebabyhadjustmomentstolive.“Isawhimgasp(喘息),butthedoctorsaiditwasnouse,”KatetoldtheDailyMailfiveyearslater.“Iknowitsounds____24____butifhewasstillgasping,thatwasa____25____oflife.Iwasn’tgoingtogiveupeasily.”____26____,theSydneycoupleknewthiswaslikelygoodbye.Inanefforttocherishherlastminuteswiththetinyboy,Kateaskedtoholdhim.“Iwantedtomeethim,andIalsowanthimtoknowus.”KatetoldtheMail.“We’d____27____ourselvestothefactthatweweregoingtolosehim,andwewerejusttryingtomakethemostofthoselast,____28____moments.”Kateunwrappedtheboy,whomthecouplehadalreadynamedJamie,fromhishospitalblanketandorderedDavidto____29____hisshirtandjointheminbed.Thefirsttimeparentswantedtheirsontobeas_____30_____aspossibleandhopedtheskintoskincontactwouldimprovehiscondition.Theyalso_____31_____him.“Weweretryingtohavehimstay,”Katesaid.“Weexplainedhisnameandthathehadatwinsisterandhowhardwehadtriedto_____32_____him.”Thensomething_____33_____happened.Jamiegaspedagainandthenhestartedbreathing.Finally,hereachedforhisfather’sfinger.Thecouple’slostboyhadmadeit.TheOggsonlyrecentlytoldthekidsthestoryoftheir_____34_____.Hearingthestory,thetwinshuggedeachotherwithgreat_____35_____.Thiswholeexperiencemadethemtreasureeachothermore.21.A.tired B.ashamed C.jealous D.scared22.A.examine B.save C.tend D.monitor23.A.stopped B.continued C.practised D.forgotten24.A.plex B.reasonable C.stupid D.good25.A.sign B.stage C.circle D.gift26.A.Furthermore B.Therefore C.Still D.Altogether27.A.opposed B.restricted C.exposed D.resigned28.A.magical B.precious C.private D.spare29.A.tryon B.packup C.takeoff D.putaway30.A.warm B.strong C.active D.clever31.A.lookedat B.wavedat C.talkedto D.reactedto32.A.refresh B.raise C.protect D.have33.A.accidental B.miraculous C.ordinary D.strange34.A.loss B.growth C.struggle D.birth35.A.affection B.passion C.determination D.expectation【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.A26.C27.D28.B29.C30.A31.C32.D33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是一对双胞胎出生时，被医生告知男孩没有几分钟的时间了，但是父母没有放弃，男孩奇迹般地开始了呼吸并幸存下来的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2010年3月25日，凯特和大卫·奥格听到了每个父母都害怕的话。A.tired疲惫的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.jealous妒忌的；D.scared害怕的。根据上文中的“Yournewbornisn’tgoingtomakeit.”可知，医生告诉孩子的父母新生儿早产，可能活不下去了，这是父母最“害怕”的话。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生曾试图挽救这个男孩20分钟，但没有看到任何好转。A.examine检查；B.save拯救，节省；C.tend倾向于；D.monitor监视。根据语境以及下文中的“theboyfor20minutesbutsawnoimprovement.”可知，没有看见任何好转，由此可知，此处指的是医生尽力“挽救”男孩20分钟。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的心跳几乎停止了，呼吸也停止了。A.stopped停止；B.continued继续；C.practised训练；D.forgotten忘记。根据上文中的“Hisheartbeatwasnearlygone”可知，男孩的心跳几乎是没有了，结合and可知，此处应指的是呼吸“停止”符合语境。故选A项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道这听起来很愚蠢，但如果他还在喘气，那就是生命的迹象。A.plex复杂的；B.reasonable合情合理的；C.stupid愚蠢的；D.good好的。根据上文中的“Isawhimgasp(喘息),butthedoctorsaiditwasnouse”可知，Kate说看到孩子在喘息，而医生说没有用了，由此可知，Kate认为这听起来是“愚蠢的”符合语境。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道这听起来很愚蠢，但如果他还在喘气，那就是生命的迹象。A.sign迹象，符号；B.stage舞台；C.circle圆圈；D.gift礼物。根据上文中的“hewasstillgasping”可知，男孩在喘气，这应是生命的“迹象”符合语境。故选A项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，这对悉尼夫妇知道这可能是再见了。A.Furthermore此外；B.Therefore因此；C.Still（虽然……）还是；D.Altogether总共，完全地。根据上文中的“Iwasn’tgoingtogiveupeasily.”可知，Kate说不会轻易放弃，结合下文中的“theSydneycoupleknewthiswaslikelygoodbye.”可知，这对夫妇知道这可能是再见了，上下文之间为转折意义，所以此处应表示“尽管如此，还是”符合逻辑。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经接受了即将失去他的事实，我们只是想充分利用这最后的宝贵时刻。A.opposed反对；B.restricted限制；C.exposed暴露；D.resigned辞职。根据语境和下文中的“thatweweregoingtolosehim”可知，这对夫妇“只好接受”要失去孩子的事实，resignoneselftosth.意为“顺从，只好接受，听任”符合语境。故选D项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们已经接受了即将失去他的事实，我们只是想充分利用这最后的宝贵时刻。A.magical有魔力的；B.precious宝贵的；C.private私人的；D.spare业余的。根据语境以及上文中的“Inanefforttocherishherlastminuteswiththetinyboy,Kateaskedtoholdhim.”可知，在孩子最后弥留时刻，父母要充分利用这“宝贵的”时间，符合语境。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：凯特把孩子从医院的毯子里解开，这对夫妇已经给小男孩取好了名字叫Jamie，并命令大卫脱下衬衫，和他们一起躺在床上。A.tryon尝试；B.packup打包；C.takeoff脱下，起飞；D.putaway收拾，整理。根据下文中的“andhopedtheskintoskincontactwouldimprovehiscondition.”可知，他们希望这种皮肤与皮肤的接触能改善孩子的情况，所以此处应是“脱下”符合语境。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对首次为人父母的夫妇希望他们的儿子尽可能温暖，并希望皮肤接触能改善他的病情。A.warm温暖的；B.strong强壮的；C.active积极的；D.clever聪明的。根据下文中的“andhopedtheskintoskincontactwouldimprovehiscondition.”可知，这种皮肤与皮肤之间的接触能够让孩子尽可能的“温暖”符合语境。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们也和他谈话。A.lookedat看；B.wavedat向……挥手；C.talkedto与……谈话；D.reactedto对……作出回应。根据下文中的“Weexplainedhisnameandthathehadatwinsisterandhowhardwehadtriedto____12____him.”可知，Kate在向孩子解释着他的名字，并告诉他有一个双胞胎妹妹，由此可知，此处指的是跟他“谈话”符合语境。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们解释了他的名字，他有一个双胞胎妹妹，以及我们多么努力地想要得到他。A.refresh使恢复精力；B.raise提高；C.protect保护；D.have拥有，得到。根据上文中的“Weweretryingtohavehimstay”可知，此处指的是他们多么努力地想要“拥有”他。故选D项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后奇迹发生了。A.accidental偶然的；B.miraculous奇迹般的；C.ordinary普通的；D.strange奇怪的。根据语境和下文中的“Jamiegaspedagainandthenhestartedbreathing.”可知，医生宣告男孩活不了几分钟的时候，父母在努力地去温暖他，与他谈话，孩子真的再次