2005年4月自考00096外刊经贸知识选读试题及答案

外刊经贸知识选读年月真题

0009620054

1、【单选题】Afterthepresident’sspeech,thestockprice【slumped】by10

percentyesterday.

increased

dropped

A:

waved

B:

showed

C:

答D:案：B

2、【单选题】Jackfinallyreached【abargain】withtheantiquedealeroverthe

vase.

asanction

anapproach

A:

atradition

B:

anagreement

C:

答D:案：D

3、【单选题】Thefollowingyear,ataxlawforjointventureswas

【promulgated】.

drafted

issued

A:

broadcast

B:

proposed

C:

答D:案：B

4、【单选题】Salesforecastsareoutsidemy【province】—youshoulddiscuss

themwiththemanager.

problem

program

A:

field

B:

task

C:

答D:案：C

5、【单选题】Theseeggshave【aunique】odorthatcanbeanadvantageora

disadvantage,dependingontheconsumer.

anonly

apleasant

A:

adesirable

B:

anunusual

C:

答D:案：D

6、【单选题】“ThetradesurplusitselfwillbetheNo.1problemthisyear,”

saystheChineseofficial.“AfterJapan,we’llbefirstinlinefor

【retaliation】.”

revenge

recovery

A:

reflection

B:

inflation

C:

答D:案：A

7、【单选题】Wearenotsafelybeyonda【backlash】againstthenewworld

competition.

instance

resistance

A:

moment

B:

background

C:

答D:案：B

8、【单选题】Ifcompaniescan’tgettheirproducts【distributed】nationwide,

marketingthemwillbemoreexpensive.

spread

spent

A:

contributed

B:

attributed

C:

答D:案：A

9、【单选题】Therealestatehasincreasinglybecome【vulnerable】tobusiness

setbacksandchangesofeconomicclimate.

stronglyresistantto

graduallyaccustomedto

A:

B:

moreadaptedto

easilyattackedby

C:

答D:案：D

10、【单选题】Atfiveo’clockintheafternoonthecitystreetsareaseriesof

【bottlenecks】.

bottlingchambers

narrowpartsofbottles

A:

bottlenoses

B:

trafficjams

C:

答D:案：D

11、【单选题】Wehada【dispute】abouthowmuchmoneyheowesme.

dispose

discount

A:

quarrel

B:

quota

C:

答D:案：C

12、【单选题】The【bilateral】surpluswithAmericaisalsogrowingrapidly.

one-edged

two-edged

A:

one-sided

B:

two-sided

C:

答D:案：D

13、【单选题】Therewereseveral【rounds】ofnegotiationbeforeChinaentered

WTO.

mistakes

senses

A:

circles

B:

sessions

C:

答D:案：D

14、【单选题】Theeconomiccrisishasseriously【affected】Frenchexports.

effected

A:

reflected

reduced

B:

increased

C:

答D:案：C

15、【单选题】FallingsalesinThailandwere【offset】bystrongperformances

inothermarkets.

influenced

bargained

A:

offended

B:

balanced

C:

答D:案：D

16、【判断题】Passage1HolstandCompany,amemberoftheNorthwestHolst

Group,hasintroducedflexibleworkinghoursforallitsstaffatitsheadoffice.

ItclaimstobethefirstUKconstructioncompanytodothis.Thethree-month

trialperiodisbeingconductedwiththeapprovaloftheoverwhelmingmajorityof

theheadoffices.All150employeesmustbeattheirjobduringthe“coretime”

from10amto4pm,lessaone-ourlunchbreak.Theymaychoosearrivaland

departuretimesfrom8to10amand4to6pm.150hourshavetobeputinover

eachfourweekperiod.Creditordebittimeofupto7and1/2hoursmaybe

carriedforwardtothenextfour-weekperiod.HengstlerFlextimerecording

equipmentisbeingusedforthetrial.ThemanagingdirectorofHolst,Mr

ColinCashmore,commented,“Thisisanexerciseinresponsibility.Weregard

ourstaffasveryresponsiblepeopleanditisonlyonthisbasisthattheflexible

workinghourssystemcansucceed.”Heemphasizedthatifafterthetriala

majorityofthestaffwasopposedtothesystem,itwouldnotbecontinued.If,on

theotherhand,itprovedsuccessful,thecompanywouldconsiderextending

Flextimetoitsotherofficesthroughoutthecountry.Statements:42.The

NorthwestHolstGrouphasintroducedflexibleworkinghoursforallitsstaffat

itsheadoffice.

True

False

A:

答B:案：B

17、【判断题】Passage1HolstandCompany,amemberoftheNorthwestHolst

Group,hasintroducedflexibleworkinghoursforallitsstaffatitsheadoffice.

ItclaimstobethefirstUKconstructioncompanytodothis.Thethree-month

trialperiodisbeingconductedwiththeapprovaloftheoverwhelmingmajorityof

theheadoffices.All150employeesmustbeattheirjobduringthe“coretime”

from10amto4pm,lessaone-ourlunchbreak.Theymaychoosearrivaland

departuretimesfrom8to10amand4to6pm.150hourshavetobeputinover

eachfourweekperiod.Creditordebittimeofupto7and1/2hoursmaybe

carriedforwardtothenextfour-weekperiod.HengstlerFlextimerecording

equipmentisbeingusedforthetrial.ThemanagingdirectorofHolst,Mr

ColinCashmore,commented,“Thisisanexerciseinresponsibility.Weregard

ourstaffasveryresponsiblepeopleanditisonlyonthisbasisthattheflexible

workinghourssystemcansucceed.”Heemphasizedthatifafterthetriala

majorityofthestaffwasopposedtothesystem,itwouldnotbecontinued.If,on

theotherhand,itprovedsuccessful,thecompanywouldconsiderextending

Flextimetoitsotherofficesthroughoutthecountry.Statements:43.Every

employeemustbeathisorherjobduringthe“coretime”from10amto4pm,

includingaone-hourlunchbreak.

True

False

A:

答B:案：B

18、【判断题】Passage1HolstandCompany,amemberoftheNorthwestHolst

Group,hasintroducedflexibleworkinghoursforallitsstaffatitsheadoffice.

ItclaimstobethefirstUKconstructioncompanytodothis.Thethree-month

trialperiodisbeingconductedwiththeapprovaloftheoverwhelmingmajorityof

theheadoffices.All150employeesmustbeattheirjobduringthe“coretime”

from10amto4pm,lessaone-ourlunchbreak.Theymaychoosearrivaland

departuretimesfrom8to10amand4to6pm.150hourshavetobeputinover

eachfourweekperiod.Creditordebittimeofupto7and1/2hoursmaybe

carriedforwardtothenextfour-weekperiod.HengstlerFlextimerecording

equipmentisbeingusedforthetrial.ThemanagingdirectorofHolst,Mr

ColinCashmore,commented,“Thisisanexerciseinresponsibility.Weregard

ourstaffasveryresponsiblepeopleanditisonlyonthisbasisthattheflexible

workinghourssystemcansucceed.”Heemphasizedthatifafterthetriala

majorityofthestaffwasopposedtothesystem,itwouldnotbecontinued.If,on

theotherhand,itprovedsuccessful,thecompanywouldconsiderextending

Flextimetoitsotherofficesthroughoutthecountry.Statements:44.All150

employeesarefreetochoosetheirarrivalanddeparturetimesduringtheday.

True

False

A:

答B:案：B

19、【判断题】Passage1HolstandCompany,amemberoftheNorthwestHolst

Group,hasintroducedflexibleworkinghoursforallitsstaffatitsheadoffice.

ItclaimstobethefirstUKconstructioncompanytodothis.Thethree-month

trialperiodisbeingconductedwiththeapprovaloftheoverwhelmingmajorityof

theheadoffices.All150employeesmustbeattheirjobduringthe“coretime”

from10amto4pm,lessaone-ourlunchbreak.Theymaychoosearrivaland

departuretimesfrom8to10amand4to6pm.150hourshavetobeputinover

eachfourweekperiod.Creditordebittimeofupto7and1/2hoursmaybe

carriedforwardtothenextfour-weekperiod.HengstlerFlextimerecording

equipmentisbeingusedforthetrial.ThemanagingdirectorofHolst,Mr

ColinCashmore,commented,“Thisisanexerciseinresponsibility.Weregard

ourstaffasveryresponsiblepeopleanditisonlyonthisbasisthattheflexible

workinghourssystemcansucceed.”Heemphasizedthatifafterthetriala

majorityofthestaffwasopposedtothesystem,itwouldnotbecontinued.If,on

theotherhand,itprovedsuccessful,thecompanywouldconsiderextending

Flextimetoitsotherofficesthroughoutthecountry.Statements:45.Ifallthe

staffofHolstandCompanywerenotresponsible,theflexibleworkinghourssystem

couldnotsucceed.

True

False

A:

答B:案：A

20、【判断题】Passage1HolstandCompany,amemberoftheNorthwestHolst

Group,hasintroducedflexibleworkinghoursforallitsstaffatitsheadoffice.

ItclaimstobethefirstUKconstructioncompanytodothis.Thethree-month

trialperiodisbeingconductedwiththeapprovaloftheoverwhelmingmajorityof

theheadoffices.All150employeesmustbeattheirjobduringthe“coretime”

from10amto4pm,lessaone-ourlunchbreak.Theymaychoosearrivaland

departuretimesfrom8to10amand4to6pm.150hourshavetobeputinover

eachfourweekperiod.Creditordebittimeofupto7and1/2hoursmaybe

carriedforwardtothenextfour-weekperiod.HengstlerFlextimerecording

equipmentisbeingusedforthetrial.ThemanagingdirectorofHolst,Mr

ColinCashmore,commented,“Thisisanexerciseinresponsibility.Weregard

ourstaffasveryresponsiblepeopleanditisonlyonthisbasisthattheflexible

workinghourssystemcansucceed.”Heemphasizedthatifafterthetriala

majorityofthestaffwasopposedtothesystem,itwouldnotbecontinued.If,on

theotherhand,itprovedsuccessful,thecompanywouldconsiderextending

Flextimetoitsotherofficesthroughoutthecountry.Statements:46.Holstand

Companyhasdecidedtocarryouttheflexibleworkinghourssystemevenifthe

majorityofthestaffisopposedtoit.

True

False

A:

答B:案：B

21、【判断题】Passage2Japan’seconomyisinthemostwrenchingadjustment

sincetheoil-priceshockoftheearly1970s.Theoptimistshavepredictedthat

thepowerhouseeconomyissufferingonlyatemporaryslowdown.Yetvirtuallyevery

keyindicatorcontinuestodeteriorate.Themuch-vaunted“softlanding”is

cleaningnotinthecards.Recoveryisfurtherawaythanmanypeopleimagine,and

itwillbeslowanderraticwhenitdoescome.Alarmedattherapidasset-price

inflationofthemid-1980s,bureaucratsintervenedtoheadoffacrash.

Unfortunately,theeconomydidn’tcooperate.Assetpricestumbledprecipitously,

withtherealestateandstockmarketsembarkingonasteadyslidethatmany

believehasyettohitbottom.JapandippeddecidedlyintorecessionasGDPfell

0.2％inthesecondquarterof1992,0.4%inthethirdand0.3%inthefourth.

Industrialoutputshrank6.1%lastyear.Nowwe’restartingtoseebankruptcies

byindustrialandservicecompanies.Therecessionisnolongerconfinedtothe

bubbleeconomy-ithasenteredtherealeconomy.Japanesecompaniesdohavean

impressivetrackrecordofrespondingtocrisissituations.Theyreboundedvery

quicklyfromtheoil-priceshockin1973andmorerecentlyoffsettherisingYen

byboostingproductivityandshiftingoperationsoverseas.Thistimearound,

however,theyfaceamuchharderandlongerroadtorecovery.Recessionisgoing

tobeverydifficultforJapan.Therestructuringtrendmayitselfexacerbate

theproblem.Totrytoshoreupfalteringprofits,companieswillslashcapital

investmentandemployeebenefits.Thisinturnwillfurtherdamageconsumer

confidence.Around20%ofJapan’sGNPcomesfrombusinessinvestment,witha

whopping60%fromconsumerspending.Consumerconfidencehasalsobeenhurtby

layoffsandcutsinovertimepayandbonuses.Foralongtimetherehavebeenmore

newjoboffersthantherewereseekers,butthishasfallenrecently.Formost

Japanesethisisanextraordinaryoccurrence.Statements:47.Japan’seconomyis

inthemostwrenchingadjustmentsincetheoil-priceshockoftheearly1970s.

Here“themostwrenchingadjustment”means“themostpainlessadjustment”.

True

False

A:

答B:案：B

22、【判断题】Passage2Japan’seconomyisinthemostwrenchingadjustment

sincetheoil-priceshockoftheearly1970s.Theoptimistshavepredictedthat

thepowerhouseeconomyissufferingonlyatemporaryslowdown.Yetvirtuallyevery

keyindicatorcontinuestodeteriorate.Themuch-vaunted“softlanding”is

cleaningnotinthecards.Recoveryisfurtherawaythanmanypeopleimagine,and

itwillbeslowanderraticwhenitdoescome.Alarmedattherapidasset-price

inflationofthemid-1980s,bureaucratsintervenedtoheadoffacrash.

Unfortunately,theeconomydidn’tcooperate.Assetpricestumbledprecipitously,

withtherealestateandstockmarketsembarkingonasteadyslidethatmany

believehasyettohitbottom.JapandippeddecidedlyintorecessionasGDPfell

0.2％inthesecondquarterof1992,0.4%inthethirdand0.3%inthefourth.

Industrialoutputshrank6.1%lastyear.Nowwe’restartingtoseebankruptcies

byindustrialandservicecompanies.Therecessionisnolongerconfinedtothe

bubbleeconomy-ithasenteredtherealeconomy.Japanesecompaniesdohavean

impressivetrackrecordofrespondingtocrisissituations.Theyreboundedvery

quicklyfromtheoil-priceshockin1973andmorerecentlyoffsettherisingYen

byboostingproductivityandshiftingoperationsoverseas.Thistimearound,

however,theyfaceamuchharderandlongerroadtorecovery.Recessionisgoing

tobeverydifficultforJapan.Therestructuringtrendmayitselfexacerbate

theproblem.Totrytoshoreupfalteringprofits,companieswillslashcapital

investmentandemployeebenefits.Thisinturnwillfurtherdamageconsumer

confidence.Around20%ofJapan’sGNPcomesfrombusinessinvestment,witha

whopping60%fromconsumerspending.Consumerconfidencehasalsobeenhurtby

layoffsandcutsinovertimepayandbonuses.Foralongtimetherehavebeenmore

newjoboffersthantherewereseekers,butthishasfallenrecently.Formost

Japanesethisisanextraordinaryoccurrence.Statements:48.AsGNPfell

successivelyandtherearebankruptciesinsomecompanies,wecansayforcertain

thattheeconomyisundoubtedlyinrecession.

True

False

A:

答B:案：A

23、【判断题】Passage2Japan’seconomyisinthemostwrenchingadjustment

sincetheoil-priceshockoftheearly1970s.Theoptimistshavepredictedthat

thepowerhouseeconomyissufferingonlyatemporaryslowdown.Yetvirtuallyevery

keyindicatorcontinuestodeteriorate.Themuch-vaunted“softlanding”is

cleaningnotinthecards.Recoveryisfurtherawaythanmanypeopleimagine,and

itwillbeslowanderraticwhenitdoescome.Alarmedattherapidasset-price

inflationofthemid-1980s,bureaucratsintervenedtoheadoffacrash.

Unfortunately,theeconomydidn’tcooperate.Assetpricestumbledprecipitously,

withtherealestateandstockmarketsembarkingonasteadyslidethatmany

believehasyettohitbottom.JapandippeddecidedlyintorecessionasGDPfell

0.2％inthesecondquarterof1992,0.4%inthethirdand0.3%inthefourth.

Industrialoutputshrank6.1%lastyear.Nowwe’restartingtoseebankruptcies

byindustrialandservicecompanies.Therecessionisnolongerconfinedtothe

bubbleeconomy-ithasenteredtherealeconomy.Japanesecompaniesdohavean

impressivetrackrecordofrespondingtocrisissituations.Theyreboundedvery

quicklyfromtheoil-priceshockin1973andmorerecentlyoffsettherisingYen

byboostingproductivityandshiftingoperationsoverseas.Thistimearound,

however,theyfaceamuchharderandlongerroadtorecovery.Recessionisgoing

tobeverydifficultforJapan.Therestructuringtrendmayitselfexacerbate

theproblem.Totrytoshoreupfalteringprofits,companieswillslashcapital

investmentandemployeebenefits.Thisinturnwillfurtherdamageconsumer

confidence.Around20%ofJapan’sGNPcomesfrombusinessinvestment,witha

whopping60%fromconsumerspending.Consumerconfidencehasalsobeenhurtby

layoffsandcutsinovertimepayandbonuses.Foralongtimetherehavebeenmore

newjoboffersthantherewereseekers,butthishasfallenrecently.Formost

Japanesethisisanextraordinaryoccurrence.Statements:49.Japaneseindustries

wereknowntoberemarkablyflexibleinadjustingtoeconomiccrisis.Thistime

it’sgoingtobeverydifficultforthemtoemergefromrecession.

True

False

A:

答B:案：A

24、【判断题】Passage2Japan’seconomyisinthemostwrenchingadjustment

sincetheoil-priceshockoftheearly1970s.Theoptimistshavepredictedthat

thepowerhouseeconomyissufferingonlyatemporaryslowdown.Yetvirtuallyevery

keyindicatorcontinuestodeteriorate.Themuch-vaunted“softlanding”is

cleaningnotinthecards.Recoveryisfurtherawaythanmanypeopleimagine,and

itwillbeslowanderraticwhenitdoescome.Alarmedattherapidasset-price

inflationofthemid-1980s,bureaucratsintervenedtoheadoffacrash.

Unfortunately,theeconomydidn’tcooperate.Assetpricestumbledprecipitously,

withtherealestateandstockmarketsembarkingonasteadyslidethatmany

believehasyettohitbottom.JapandippeddecidedlyintorecessionasGDPfell

0.2％inthesecondquarterof1992,0.4%inthethirdand0.3%inthefourth.

Industrialoutputshrank6.1%lastyear.Nowwe’restartingtoseebankruptcies

byindustrialandservicecompanies.Therecessionisnolongerconfinedtothe

bubbleeconomy-ithasenteredtherealeconomy.Japanesecompaniesdohavean

impressivetrackrecordofrespondingtocrisissituations.Theyreboundedvery

quicklyfromtheoil-priceshockin1973andmorerecentlyoffsettherisingYen

byboostingproductivityandshiftingoperationsoverseas.Thistimearound,

however,theyfaceamuchharderandlongerroadtorecovery.Recessionisgoing

tobeverydifficultforJapan.Therestructuringtrendmayitselfexacerbate

theproblem.Totrytoshoreupfalteringprofits,companieswillslashcapital

investmentandemployeebenefits.Thisinturnwillfurtherdamageconsumer

confidence.Around20%ofJapan’sGNPcomesfrombusinessinvestment,witha

whopping60%fromconsumerspending.Consumerconfidencehasalsobeenhurtby

layoffsandcutsinovertimepayandbonuses.Foralongtimetherehavebeenmore

newjoboffersthantherewereseekers,butthishasfallenrecently.Formost

Japanesethisisanextraordinaryoccurrence.Statements:50.Consumerconfidence

isvitallyimportanttoJapan’seconomy,becauseemployeebenefitswereslashed.

True

False

A:

答B:案：B

25、【判断题】Passage2Japan’seconomyisinthemostwrenchingadjustment

sincetheoil-priceshockoftheearly1970s.Theoptimistshavepredictedthat

thepowerhouseeconomyissufferingonlyatemporaryslowdown.Yetvirtuallyevery

keyindicatorcontinuestodeteriorate.Themuch-vaunted“softlanding”is

cleaningnotinthecards.Recoveryisfurtherawaythanmanypeopleimagine,and

itwillbeslowanderraticwhenitdoescome.Alarmedattherapidasset-price

inflationofthemid-1980s,bureaucratsintervenedtoheadoffacrash.

Unfortunately,theeconomydidn’tcooperate.Assetpricestumbledprecipitously,

withtherealestateandstockmarketsembarkingonasteadyslidethatmany

believehasyettohitbottom.JapandippeddecidedlyintorecessionasGDPfell

0.2％inthesecondquarterof1992,0.4%inthethirdand0.3%inthefourth.

Industrialoutputshrank6.1%lastyear.Nowwe’restartingtoseebankruptcies

byindustrialandservicecompanies.Therecessionisnolongerconfinedtothe

bubbleeconomy-ithasenteredtherealeconomy.Japanesecompaniesdohavean

impressivetrackrecordofrespondingtocrisissituations.Theyreboundedvery

quicklyfromtheoil-priceshockin1973andmorerecentlyoffsettherisingYen

byboostingproductivityandshiftingoperationsoverseas.Thistimearound,

however,theyfaceamuchharderandlongerroadtorecovery.Recessionisgoing

tobeverydifficultforJapan.Therestructuringtrendmayitselfexacerbate

theproblem.Totrytoshoreupfalteringprofits,companieswillslashcapital

investmentandemployeebenefits.Thisinturnwillfurtherdamageconsumer

confidence.Around20%ofJapan’sGNPcomesfrombusinessinvestment,witha

whopping60%fromconsumerspending.Consumerconfidencehasalsobeenhurtby

layoffsandcutsinovertimepayandbonuses.Foralongtimetherehavebeenmore

newjoboffersthantherewereseekers,butthishasfallenrecently.Formost

Japanesethisisanextraordinaryoccurrence.Statements:51.Therecent

occurrenceoflayoffsandcutsinovertimepayandbonusesisquiteunusualto

mostJapanese,asforalongtimetherehavebeenmorejoboffersthanseekers.

True

False

A:

答B:案：A

26、【问答题】(英译中)unfairtrade

答案：不平等贸易

27、【问答题】(英译中)exclusivecontract

答案：独家经销合同

28、【问答题】(英译中)percapitaincome

答案：人均收入

29、【问答题】(英译中)long-termstrategy

答案：长期战略

30、【问答题】(英译中)GATT

答案：关贸总协定

31、【问答题】(英译中)financialcrisis

答案：金融危机

32、【问答题】(英译中)traderepresentative

答案：贸易(谈判)代表

33、【问答题】(英译中)physicalmarket

答案：现货市场

34、【问答题】(英译中)financialderegulation

答案：金融自由化

35、【问答题】(英译中)sovereigntydispute

答案：主权争端

36、【问答题】(中译英)利息付款

答案：debtservice

37、【问答题】(中译英)外商独资

答案：whollyforeign-owned

38、【问答题】(中译英)技术转让

答案：technologytransfer

39、【问答题】(中译英)国内需求

答案：domesticdemand

40、【问答题】(中译英)出口导向

答案：export-oriented

41、【问答题】(中译英)贸易差额

答案：tradebalance

42、【问答题】(中译英)产地证书

答案：certificateoforigin

43、【问答题】(中译英)期货市场

答案：futuresmarket

44、【问答题】(中译英)市场份额

答案：marketshare

45、【问答题】(中译英)进口税

答案：customsduties

46、【问答题】Passage1InthepastfewdaysdifferencesbetweentheUnited

StatesandtheEuropeanCommunityonfarmtradehavenarrowedalmosttonothing.

AsaresulttheworldisnowclosetoconcludingtheUruguayroundofGATTtalks.

Thatdealisadmittedly【farfrom】perfect,aseriesofmessycompromises.The

causeoffreetradewillhavemanymorebattlestofight.Nevermind.Ona

conservativeestimatetheUruguayroundwouldpermanentlyraiseglobalwelfareby

morethan$100billionayear,spureconomicgrowtheverywhereandextend

competitiontohitherto【sheltered】，andthereforebackward,partsofall

economies.Byanystandards,itwouldbeahugelyvaluableachievement.36.Why

doesthepassagesaythattheUruguayroundisclosetoconclusion?

答案：BecausethedifferencesbetweentheU.S.andEChavenarrowedalmost

tonothing.(BecausethegapbetweentheU.S.andEChasalmostbeenclosed.

47、【问答题】Passage1InthepastfewdaysdifferencesbetweentheUnited

StatesandtheEuropeanCommunityonfarmtradehavenarrowedalmosttonothing.

AsaresulttheworldisnowclosetoconcludingtheUruguayroundofGATTtalks.

Thatdealisadmittedly【farfrom】perfect,aseriesofmessycompromises.The

causeoffreetradewillhavemanymorebattlestofight.Nevermind.Ona

conservativeestimatetheUruguayroundwouldpermanentlyraiseglobalwelfareby

morethan$100billionayear,spureconomicgrowtheverywhereandextend

competitiontohitherto【sheltered】，andthereforebackward,partsofall

economies.Byanystandards,itwouldbeahugelyvaluableachievement.37.What

do“farfrom”and“sheltered”mean?

答案：Farfrommeans"notatall","alongwayfrom"and"sheltered"

means"protected(economically)"

48、【问答题】Passage1InthepastfewdaysdifferencesbetweentheUnited

StatesandtheEuropeanCommunityonfarmtradehavenarrowedalmosttonothing.

AsaresulttheworldisnowclosetoconcludingtheUruguayroundofGATTtalks.

Thatdealisadmittedly【farfrom】perfect,aseriesofmessycompromises.The

causeoffreetradewillhavemanymorebattlestofight.Nevermind.Ona

conservativeestimatetheUruguayroundwouldpermanentlyraiseglobalwelfareby

morethan$100billionayear,spureconomicgrowtheverywhereandextend

competitiontohitherto【sheltered】，andthereforebackward,partsofall

economies.Byanystandards,itwouldbeahugelyvaluableachievement.38.How

cantheUruguayroundbedescribedbyanon-conservativeestimate?

答案：Itcanbedescribedasahugelyvaluableachievement.

49、【问答题】Passage2Nationswithseriousdebtproblems,suchasMexico,

BrazilandArgentina,havebeencompelledtodevotealmostalltheirexport

earningstodebtservice,leavingthemselveswithvirtuallynosurplustopayfor

imports.Withbarter,however,debtornationscancontinuetoimportgoodswhile,

ineffect,concealingexportearningsfromcreditors.Butcountertradeisnot

theexclusiveprovinceofdebtornations.SaysYoffie，“Evencountrieswith

strongforeignexchangepositions,suchasAustralia,CanadaandIndonesia,

areinsistingoncountertradeincertainareas.Linkingimportsandexportsis

awaytoexertpowerovermultinationalcorporations.Countriesthatlackexpertise

ininternationalmarketingtrytousecountertradeasleveragetotapthe

networksof【globalfirms】.”39.Whataretheadvantageanddisadvantageof

barter?

答案：Theadvantageisthatthedebtornationscancontinuetoimportgoo