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湖北省云学新高考联盟学校2023-2024学年高二上学期10月

联考英语试题

学校:姓名:班级:考号:

一、阅读理解

First-timer^guidetoMickey'sNot-So-ScaryHalloweenParty

There'selectricityintheairduringMickey'sNot-So-ScaryHalloweenParty,different

fromothertimesoftheyearatWaltDisneyWorld.GuestsmayenterMagicKingdomas

earlyas4p.m.,buttheeventitselfonlylastsfivehours,from7p.m.untilmidnight.Here's

howtomakethemostofit.

1.Setpriorities

Youcan'tdoeverythingatthepartyinfivehours,butyoucanaccomplisheverythingon

yourwishlistifyousetprioritiesandplanahead.

2.Eatearly

Severalrestaurantsclosewhentheparkclosestodaytimeguests,likePinocchioVillage

HausandColumbiaHarborHouse.Itisadvisedtodineearlyinthat4to6p.m.window

beforetheparty.Anotheroptionistoskipdinnerandsimplysnackthroughoutthenight.

Therearelotsofevent-exclusive(独有的)treatstotry.Justknowthatlinescanbelongand

mobileorderingisunavailableduringtheparty.

3.ActfastforTRON

TRONLightCycle,whichisthenewestattraction,isavailableonlythroughavirtual

queue.Thequeueopensat6p.m.Toincreaseyouroddsofgettingaspot,haveeverything

readyinthefreeMyDisneyExperienceappby5:59p.m.Then,keepclickingtherefresh

buttonsoyoucanjointhequeuethemomentitopens.

4.Shopstrategically

Party-exclusivesouvenirsareextremelypopularandcansellout.Italwaysdrawsa

crowdatMainStreet,U.S.A.'sEmporium,buttwootherlocationssellpartysouvenirs

withoutthemasses:StarTradersinTomorrowlandandFrontierTradingPostinFrontierland.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbedoneonline?

A.Buyingasouveniratadiscount.B.Orderingtheevent-exclusivetreats.

C.GettingaspotforTronLightCycle.D.Findingaviewingspotforthefireworks.

2.Ifyouwanttobuyasouvenirrelatedtotheparty,youcangoto.

试卷第1页,共10页

A.FrontierTradingPostB.PinocchioVillageHaus

C.ColumbiaHarborHouseD.MyDisneyExperienceapp

3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Amagazine.B.Abiography.

C.Atraveljournal.D.Aresearchreport.

In1984,1wasapainfullyinsecureteenagegirlfromadysfunctionalfamily,depressed,

underweight,andrejectedbymyclassmates.Myonlycomfortwastobethestagemanagerat

ourschool.

Oneday,actorsfromthefamousOregonShakespeareFestivalcametoperformforthe

school.OneofthemwasBarryKraft,andhewasunlikeanyoneI'devermet.AsIranaround

backstagehelpinghim,hetreatedmewithfriendlinessandrespectthathewouldshowfbr

friendsinhislivingroom.

Heshowedupatourdramaclassandaskedeveryonetonarrateamonologue(独白).To

myshock,hetookmeasideafterclassandsaid,44Yourmonologuewasthebest.Thatwas

reallyverygood.^^

Imadeitthroughgraduationandgotacceptedtocollege.Thatsummer,Itraveledwitha

friendtoseeMr.Kraftperform.Duringoneperformance,Igatheredupmycourageand

droppedhimanoteduringthebreak,sayingIwasvisitingandifhelookedhecouldseeus.

AlmostimmediatelyIregrettedsendingthenote.Ithoughtitwasthemostpresumptuous(留

失的)thingIhadeverdone.

Attheendoftheshow,hewaswaitingfbrme!Hesmiledbroadlyandgavemeahug.

Thenhesaid,"Wouldyouliketovisitbackstage?^^Andoffwewent.Everytimewemet

someone,heintroducedmeandsaid,"She'saverygoodperformerwhowasahugehelpto

meatherschoolvisit.”

Itisdifficulttodescribehowimportantthisman'sattentionwastome.Asuccessful

actordoesn'thavetogiveadepressedteenagerthetimeofday,buthedidfarmore.My

confidencehadjustincreased800percent.Iamnowahappilymarriedprofessional,and

whenever1noticeateenagerinneed,IrememberBarryKraft.Hesawateenagerinneedof

attentionandsupport,andhetookthetimetohelp.SonowItakethetime,too.

4.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?

A.Shewaslovedbyherparents.B.Shefeltleftoutbyherclassmates.

试卷第2页,共10页

C.Shesufferedterriblyfromstagefright.D.Shewastroubledbytheissueof

overweight.

5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBarryKraft?

A.Friendlyandconsiderate.B.Intelligentandpatient.

C.Committedandgenerous.D.Confidentandenergetic.

6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Theauthorwillcontinuewithhereducation.

B.BarryKraftwillteamupwiththeauthor.

C.BarryKraftinspiredtheauthortostudydrama.

D.Theauthorwillmakeeffortstoassistteenagers.

7.What'sthepurposeofthetext?

A.Tointroduceafamousactor.

B.Toencouragepeopletoovercomedifficulties.

C.Tosharetheauthor'sexperienceanditsimpactonher.

D.Toexplainthereasonwhytheauthorlovesstagemanagement.

Inwhatisbelievedtobeaworldfirst,UniversityofSouthAustraliaresearchershave

designedaself-sufficientsolar-drivensystemthatevaporates(蒸发)seawaterandrecyclesit

intofreshwater,growingcropswithoutanyhumanintervention.Itcouldhelpaddressglobal

foodshortagesinthedecadesahead,withtheworld'spopulationexpectedtoreach10billion

by2050.

ProfessorHaolanXuandDrGaryOwensfromUniSA'sFutureIndustriesInstitutehave

developedthevertical(垂直的)floatingseafarmwhichconsistsoftwoparts:anupperlayer

roomsimilartoaglasshouseandalowerwaterharvestroom.

“Inthiscase,cleanwaterissuppliedbyalineofsolarevaporatorsthatabsorbthe

seawater,trapthesaltsintheevaporatorbodyand,underthesun'srays,releasecleanwater

vapour(a)intotheairwhichisthenconcentratedonwaterbeltsandtransportedtotheupper

plantgrowthpart.,^DrOwenssaid.

Thesystem,whichispoweredonlybysolarlight,hasseveraladvantagesoverother

solarseafarmdesignscurrentlybeingtrialled,accordingtoProfessorXu."Otherdesigns

havebuildevaporatorsinsidethegrowthroomwhichtakesupvaluablespacethatcould

otherwisebeusedforplantgrowth.Also,thesesystemsareverylikelytosufferfrom

试卷第3页,共10页

overheatingandcropdeath,“ProfessorXusays.

“Inourdesign,theverticaldistribution(分布)ofevaporatorandgrowthroomdecreases

thedevice'soverallfootprint,maximizingtheareaforfoodproduction.Itisfullyautomatic,

lowcost,andextremelyeasytooperate,usingonlysolarenergyandseawatertoproduce

cleanwaterandgrowcrops.^^

DrOwenssaystheirdesignisonlyprooRo仔conceptatthisstage,butthenextstepisto

scaleitupusingasmalllineofindividualdevicestoincreaseplantproduction.Meeting

largerfoodsupplyneedswillmeanincreasingboththesizeandnumberofdevices.

8.Whatcantheverticalfloatingseafarmsystemdo?

A.Addresstheproblemofseapollution.

B.Dealwiththeproblemoffoodshortage.

C.Raiseawarenessaboutglobalfoodsafety.

D.Assistfishermenwithintelligentfishingtechniques.

9.Whatdoesparagraph3focuson?

A.Themakeupofthesystem.B.Thedistinctadvantagesofthesystem.

C.Theworkingprincipleofthesystem.D.Theapplicationprospectsofthesystem.

10.Comparedtoothersolarseafarmdesigns,theverticalseafarm.

A.ismoredifficulttomaintainB.makesthemostofthespace

C.reliesonwindpowerforoperationD.islikelytobeaffectedbycroploss

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“scaleitup"mean?

A.Expand.B.Reduce.C.Revise.D.Promote.

Ifyouareapsychologyenthusiast,youhaveprobablyheardofthefamousmarshmallow

(棉花糖)test.Inthistask,kidsaregivenasingletreat,suchasamarshmallow,andaretold

thattheycaneatthatmarshmallownow,ortheycanwaitalittlewhile,andhavetwo

marshmallowsinstead.Somekidscatthemarshmallowimmediately,butmosttrytheirbest

towaitfortheexperimentertocomebackwithtwomarshmallows.

Waittimesinthemarshmallowtestcametobeseenasindicatorsofself-control.But

whatifthebehaviorinthemarshmallowtesthasmoretodowithculturalnorms(准贝!1)than

self-control?A2022studybyYanaokatestedtheideathatchildrenmaydecidehowlongto

waitforrewardsbasedonwhattheyareaccustomedtowaitingfbrintheirculture.Inthe

UnitedStates(withsomeexceptions),thereisnowidespreadcustomofwaitinguntil

试卷第4页,共10页

everyoneisservedtoeatyourfood.However,inJapan,thereisamealtimecustomofwaiting

untileveryonehasbeenservedbeforeanyonedigsin.

Becauseofthisdifferenceinnorms,theresearchersassumedthatJapanesechildren

wouldwaitlongerinthemarshmallowtestthantheAmericanchildren.Thisisexactlywhat

theyfound.Theresearchersdidacleverfbllow-upexperiment.Theyfoundonefieldwhere

childrenintheU.S.areaccustomedtowaitinglongerthanJapanesechildrenare:Opening

presents.IntheU.S.,giftsareusuallygivenonspecialoccasions,suchasbirthdaysand

Christmas.Ontheseoccasions,childrenusuallyhavetowaitbeforetheycanopentheir

presents.InJapan,however,gift-givinghappensmoreoften,andchildrenusuallyopen

presentsimmediately.

Giventheseculturaldifferences,Yanaokaexpectedthatiftheyranthemarshmallowtest

withJapaneseandAmericankids,buttheyreplacedmarshmallowswithpackagedgifts,then

Americankidswouldwaitlongertoopenthem.Onceagain,theirassumptionwascorrect.

Whenthepotentialrewardswerepackagedgiftsinsteadoffood,Americanchildrenwaited15

minutesonaverage,andJapanesechildrenwaitedaboutfourminutesonaverage.

Thisisapowerfulresultbecauseitdemonstratestheimportanceofcultureandhabitin

shapingbehavior.Ifachildwaitsonlyfourminutesbeforegivingupontwomarshmallows

butthenwaitsalmostfourtimeslongertoopenagift,canwereallysaythatthatchildlacks

self-control?Idon'tthinkso.

12.Whatisthemainfactorthatinfluenceschildren'sbehaviorintheexperiments?

A.Self-control.B.Parentalinfluence.

C.Culturalnorms.D.Rewardpreferences.

13.WhatdidthestudyfindaboutAmericanchildren?

A.Theyoftenreceivegifts.B.Theydisplayhigherself-control.

C.Theyprefergiftstofoodrewards.D.Theytendtowaitlongertoopengifts.

14.HowdidYanaokaconductthefbllow-upexperiment?

A.Byreferringtodata.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C.Byintroducingaconcept.D.Bypresentinganargument.

15.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsYariaoka'sstudy?

A.Critical.B.Unclear.C.Doubtful.D.Approving.

试卷第5页,共10页

二、七选五

Doyouwanttolearnthematerialyou'restudying-like,reallylearnit?16One

learningtheorysuggeststhatifyouoverlearn,you'llgaintheabilitytodosomethingwithout

havingtothinkaboutit-andeventuallyobtainmoreknowledge.Here'swhatoverlearningis

andhowtodoit.

Whatisoverlearning?

Simplyput,overlearningmeansstudyingsomethingevenonceyou'resureyouknowit.

Don'tstopreviewingorstudyingjustbecauseyousucceededinmemorizingsomething.

17

Thepurposeofoverlearningistomakethetaskeasytoensureitiscompletedtoahigh

standardwithnostress.Forexample,astudentwantstopasstheirspellingtestwhichhas10

words.Knowingaboutoverlearning,shedoesn'tjustmemorizeeachword,butalsolearns

abouttheoriginsofeachword.18Similarly,ateacherwantingtolearnaboutteaching

strategiesmightnotsimplyreadonebook-theymayreadtenbooks,watchvideos,attend

lectures(andmaybeevenwritetheirownbook).

Howdoyouoverlearn?

19Forinstance,whenusingtheLeitnermethod,alwaysreviewalltheflashcards

you'reassignedonaparticularday,evenifyoufeellikepassingoverthembecauseyougot

themrightlasttime.Repeatedlygoingovermaterialyouknowwellisthekeytooverlearning

andeventualautomaticrecall.

Scheduleblocksoftimeinyourweekforreviewingmaterialsyou'vealreadymastered.

20Continuallyreintroducingfamiliarideastoyourselfwilldigthemdeeperintoyour

longtermmemory.

A.Overlearninghasseveralbenefits.

B.Thenwhatyouneedtodoisoverlearnit.

C.Reviewmaterialyoualreadyknowfronttoback.

D.Thistakestime,butitmakesthespellingtestawalkinthepark.

E.Instead,keepgoing,diggingitdeeperanddeeperintoyourbrain.

F.Inreallife,wesometimeswanttolearnmorethanonesimilartask.

G.Thiscanbeaseasyas.re-readingyournotes,orascomplexastakingpracticetests.

试卷第6页,共10页

三、完形填空

Atage37,1wasdiagnosed(诊断)withParkinson'sDisease.Thediagnosis21us

quitehard.

Thatsummer,mywifediscoveredanannualcharitybicycleride,theSeattletoPortland

(STP)ride,a200-mileridefromSeattle,toPortland.OneofthecharitiestheSTPraises

22foristheNorthwestParkinson'sFoundation.Thislocalfoundation23

Parkinson'sresearch.Kathrynhadneverbeenabicyclist,soIwassurprisedwhenshe

24Theridewasnoteasy.

Herbicyclewasold,heavy,25,andhardtoride.PeoplesuggestedthatKathryn

26anewer,lighterbike,butshedidn't.

Kathrynfoundonefriendtoridewithandwentononlyafew27rides.Thenone

SaturdaymorninginJuly,she28heroldbicycleandrodetoPortlandoverthenext

twodays.Thatyearsheraisedover$1000.

IwasgladKathrynwasenthusiasticabouttherideandhadbecomeafundraiser,but

didn'treally29whyshetookpartuntilIheardherexplainittosomefriendsofours.

Shetoldthemthattheridewasoneofthe30thingsshehadeverdone.Shesaidshe

didn'tevenlikebikeriding.Withtearsinhereyes,shesaidthatshediditbecauseitwasone

oftheonlywaysshecouldhelptomakea(n)31inmylife.

Iwasoverwhelmed.IhadthoughtKathrynhadriddentoachievea(n)32goal,

fun,oradventure,butIwaswrong.Shehaddoneitallforme.Onlearningthatmydisease

touchedherenoughto33somethingsodifficult,Ifeltloved.

Kathrynhasbeenbymysidefbrover20years.We'vemanagedevery34and

stormtogether.Sherarelyridesduringtheyear,butinJuly,you'llbesuretofindmy35

ridingsouthfromSeattle.

21.A.challengedB.injuredC.committedD.hit

22.A.loansB.fineC.fiindsD.tickets

23.A.continuesB.pursuesC.completesD.supports

24.A.showedupB.appliedfbrC.signedupD.appealedto

25.A.awkwardB.stylishC.flexibleD.classic

26.A.repairB.adoptC.donateD.purchase

27.A.trainingB.teachingC.calmingD.relaxing

28.A.pushedB.hiredC・fixedD・mounted

试卷第7页,共10页

29.A.doubtB.appreciateC.imagineD・approve

30.A.rarestB.hardestC,easiestD.smallest

31.A.differenceB.choiceC.promiseD.proposal

32.A.commonB.specificC.personalD.higher

33.A.encounterB.evaluateC.achieveD.demand

34.A.blessingB.predictionC.feelingD.inspiration

35.A.legendB.heroC.masterD.pioneer

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

InXixiancounty,locatedinLinfen,Shanxiprovince,asmartpearorchard(果园)36

(stretch)33.3hectares(公顷)hasbeendevelopedwiththe37(assist)oftheShanxi

AcademyofAgriculturalSciences.

Inthisorchard,everypearisgiven38uniqueQRcodethatenablesmonitoringof

theentiregrowthprocess.4tTheQRcodeserves39anIDcard,recordingthelifeofa

pear,“saidWangYibo,anagricultureofficialfi'omthecounty.

40(establish)in2020,thesmartorchardisoperatedwiththehelpofcutting-edge

technologiessuchastheinternet,bigdata,cloudcomputingandtheinternetofthings.There

are64villagesinthecounty41relyonpearsastheirprimaryindustry,42

(account)for80percentofthefarmers'income.

Sofar,Xixian43(build)asmartagricultureintegrationplatformmadeupof12

systems,includingwater-fertilizer44(integrate)management,diseaseandinsect

monitoring,andthemonitoringandevaluationofthequalityoftheland.

AccordingtoWang,theplatformnotonlyhelpswithproductionbutalsopromotessales,

asitstrackingsystemcancollectfirst-handmarketingfeedbackdata.Pearfarmerscanlearn

aboutthemarketdemandthroughthesystemto45(accurate)identifytheircustomers

andcarryouttargetedpromotions.

五、告知信/通知

46.假定你是李华,刚刚参加了第19届杭州亚运会的志愿者工作,你的新加坡好友

试卷第8页,共10页

David想申请下一届亚运会志愿者。写信向你询问相关情况,请你用英语给他写一封

回信,内容包括:

1.个人感悟:

2.如何准备;

3.表达祝愿。

注意:1.写作词数应为80词左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearDavid,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

六、读后续写

47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短

文。

Asaseniorstudentinhighschool,Icommittedmyselftoactivepreparationfbrthe

upcomingcollegeentranceexamination.Mydayswerefilledwithstudyingtextbooks,

practicingexamquestions,andmakingconstantrevisions.ItfeltlikeIwasgoingthroughthe

motions,withtheweightofpressureandexpectationsweighingheavilyonme.The

atmosphereinourclasswaschargedwithanxiety.Classmatesgatheredto.discussstudy

strategiesandsharedlast-minutetips.Teachersprovidedadditionalclassesandmockexams

(模拟考试)tocopyrealexamconditions.Everyonedesiredtoachievetheirbestintheexams

toboosttheirconfidence.

LastThursday,asurpriseexamwasgiventous.Weweretocompleteallthefourtests

inasingleday,Chinese,Maths,EnglishandtheSciences.Wehadbeenkeptcompletelyin

thedarkabouttheexamuntiltheverylastminute.Manyclassmatesfeltupsetattakingitat

试卷第9页,共10页

suchshortnotice.Asaveteran(Iamrepeatingthelastyearofhighschool),Iwasusedto

suchasurpriseasourdearteachershadinstoreforus.Itwasnosecretthatmanyother

schoolshadalreadydonethetests.Therefore,itwouldbeapieceofcaketogettheanswers

online.

ThistermIampairedwithPeterbyourclassdirectorinatutor-pupilrelationship.Iam

thetutor(老师);Petermypupil.Wearesupposedtohelpeachother.SinceIammore

experienced,IamexpectedtooffertipsandtrickstoPeteronstudiesandlife.

Whenwordcamethatthesurpriseexamwasinplace,Peterintendedtocheat.He

complainedtomethathewouldbetoowornouttocompleteallthefourtestsinsuchashort

time.Headded“Theexamisnotthatvital.Manyschoolmateshavegotthekeysanyway.”

HearingPeterscomplaint,Igotextremelyangry-

Thedaycamewhentheresultswereout.

试卷第10页,共10页

参考答案:

1.C2.A3.A

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文向游客介绍了如何在迪士尼的万圣节派对中玩的开心。

1.细节理解题。根据ActfastforTRON中的“Toincreaseyouroddsofgettingaspot,have

everythingreadyinthefreeMyDisneyExperienceappby5:59p.m.Then,keepclickingthe

refreshbuttonsoyoucanjointhequeuethemomentitopens.(为了增力口占据一个位置的几率,

请在下午5点59分之前在免费的“我的迪士尼体验”应用程序中准备好一切。然后,继续单

击刷新按钮,以便在队列打开时加入队列)“可知,创极速光轮可以通过“我的迪士尼体验''这

个程序在线排队。故选C。

2.细节理解题。根据Shopstrategically中的“ItalwaysdrawsacrowdatMainStreet,U.S.A/s

Emporium,buttwootherlocationssellpartysouvenirswithoutthemasses:StarTradersin

TomorrowlandandFrontierTradingPostinFrontierland.(在美国的商业街,它总是吸引着一大

群人,但另外两家卖派对纪念品的地方却没有这么多人:明日世界的StarTraders和边境世

界的FrontierTradingPost)”可知,要想买到与万圣节派对相关的纪念品,可以到Frontier

TradingPost。故选A。

3.推理判断题。通读全文,尤其结合第一段中的‘GuestsmayenterMagicKingdomasearlyas

4p.m.,buttheeventitselfonlylastsfivehours,from7p.m.untilmidnight.Here,showtomake

themostofit.(游客可以在下午4点进入魔法王国,但活动本身只持续5个小时,从晚上7

点到午夜。以下是如何充分利用它的方法)“可知,这篇文章是杂志娱乐版块的内容,给想要

在万圣节去迪士尼参加活动的人们一些建议,让大家可以在有限的时间内玩得更尽兴。因此,

文章很可能出自一本杂志。故选A。

4.B5.A6.D7.C

【导语】本文是一篇记述文。讲述了作者在青少年时期的自卑和孤独感,但通过遇到著名演

员BarryKraft的关注和支持,作者的自信心得到提升,并最终走上了成功的道路。

4.细节理解题。根据第一段'In1984,1wasapainfullyinsecureteenagegirlfromadysfunctional

family,depressed,underweight,andrejectedbymyclassmates.(1984年,我还是一个痛苦的没

有安全感的少女,来自一个不正常的家庭,情绪低落,体重过轻,被同学们排斥。)”可知,

作者感到被同学排斥,因此她感到被孤立。故选B。

答案第1页,共11页

5.推理判断题。根据第二段“OneofthemwasBarryKraft,andhewasunlikeanyoneI'dever

met.AsIranaroundbackstagehelpinghim,hetreatedmewithfriendlinessandrespectthathe

wouldshowforfriendsinhislivingroom.(其中一个是BarryKraft,他和我见过的任何人都不

一样。当我在后台跑来跑去帮助他时,他对我很友好,很尊重,就像他在客厅里对待朋友一

样。)”和第三段Tomyshock,hetookmeasideafterclassandsaid,46Yourmonologuewasthebest.

Thatwasreallyverygood.^^(令我震惊的是,下课后他把我叫到一边说:“你的独白是最棒的。

这真的非常好。‘了可知BarryKraft对作者友好和尊重,并对她的表演给予肯定。这表明

BarryKraft是友好且体贴的人。故选A。

6.推理判断题。根据最后一段Myconfidencehadjustincreased800percent.Iamnowahappily

marriedprofessional,andwheneverInoticeateenagerinneed,IrememberBarryKraft.Hesawa

teenagerinneedofattentionandsupport,andhetookthetimetohelp.SonowItakethetime,too.

(我的信心增加了800%。我现在是一名幸福的已婚专业人士,每当我注意到有需要的青少年

时,我就会想起BarryKrafL他看到了一个需要关注和支持的青少年,他花时间去帮助他。

所以现在我也会花时间。厂可知BarryKraft对作者的关注和支持影响了她,所以推断作者也

会致力于帮助青少年。故选D。

7.推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章通过分享作者的经历和描述BarryKraft对她的影响,

强调了他给予作者关注和支持的重要性。故可以根据文章整体内容推断出,文章的目的是分

享作者的经历和经历对她的影响。故选C。

8.B9.C10.B11.A

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章介绍了一种自给自足的太阳能驱动系统,通过蒸发海

水并将其循环利用为淡水,实现无人介入的农作物种植。这种系统有助于解决未来几十年全

球粮食短缺的问题。

8.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Itcouldhelpaddressglobalfoodshortagesinthedecades

ahead,withtheworld'spopulationexpectedtoreach10billionby2050.(它可以帮助解决未来几

十年的全球粮食短缺问题,到2050年世界人口预计将达到100亿)”可知,垂直浮动海洋农

场可以在未来几十年内解决全球粮食短缺问题。故选B。

9.细节理解题。根据第三段“Tnthiscase,cleanwaterissuppliedbyalineofsolarevaporators

thatabsorbtheseawater,trapthesaltsintheevaporatorbodyand,underthesun'srays,release

cleanwatervapour(a)intotheairwhichisthenconcentratedonwaterbeltsandtransportedtothe

答案第2页,共11页

upperplantgrowthpart.”DrOwenssaid.(“在这种情况下,清洁的水由一系列太阳能蒸发器提

供,这些蒸发器吸收海水,将盐捕获在蒸发器体内,并在太阳光线下将清洁的水蒸气释放到

空气中,然后将其集中在水带上并输送到上部植物生长部分。''欧文斯博士说。)''可知,本

段主要讲的是系统的工作原理,即使用太阳能蒸发器来处理海水并产生清洁水蒸气,然后通

过水带进行集中,并输送到植物的上部生长部分。因此,选项C项:Theworkingprinciple

ofthesystem(系统的工作原理)最符合。故选C。

10.推理判断题。根据第四段Otherdesignshavebuildevaporatorsinsidethegrowthroomwhich

takesupvaluablespacethatcouldotherwisebeusedforplantgrowth.Also,thesesystemsare

verylikelytosufferfromoverheatingandcropdeath(其他的设计是在生长室内建造蒸发器,这

占用了原本可以用于植物生长的宝贵空间。此外,这些系统很可能遭受过热和作物死亡)”可

知,与其他太阳能海洋农场设计相比,垂直海洋农场更好地利用了空间。故选B。

11.词义猜测题。根据划线处后句“usingasmalllineofindividualdevicestoincreaseplant

production.Meetinglargerfoodsupplyneedswillmeanincreasingboththesizeandnumberof

devices.(使用单个设备的小生产线来增加工厂产量。满足更大的食品供应需求将意味着增加

设备的尺寸和数量户可知,该设计目前仅是概念验证阶段,下一步是将其扩大规模,使用一

条小型的设备线提高植物产量。满足更大的食品供应需求意味着需要增加设备的大小和数量。

所以,“scaleitup”的意思是扩大。因此,故选A。

12.C13.D14.B15.D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一个研究,该研究探讨了文化对儿童行为的影

响。

12.细节理解题。根据文章第二段'Butwhatifthebehaviorinthemarshmallowtesthasmoreto

dowithculturalnorms(准则)thanself-control?A2022studybyYanaokatestedtheideathat

childrenmaydecidehowlongtowaitforrewardsbasedonwhattheyareaccustomedtowaiting

forintheirculture.IntheUnitedStates(withsomeexceptions),thereisnowidespreadcustomof

waitinguntileveryoneisservedtoeatyourfood.However,inJapan,thereisamealtimecustom

ofwaitinguntileveryonehasbeenservedbeforeanyonedigsin.(但是,如果棉花糖测试中的行

为更多地与文化规范有关,而不是自我控制呢?Yanaoka在2022年进行的一项研究测试了这

样一种观点,即儿童可能会根据他们在自己的文化中习惯等待的时间来决定等待奖励的时间。

在美国(除了一些例外),没有普遍的习惯是等到每个人都上桌了再吃你的食物。然而,在日

答案第3页,共11页

本,有一个用餐时间的习俗,那就是等到所有人都被端上来后再开始吃。Y'Yanaoka的研窕

表明文化准则是影响孩子行为的主要因素。故选C。

13.细节理解题。根据文章第四段Giventheseculturaldifferences,Yanaokaexpectedthatifthey

ranthemarshmallowtestwithJapaneseandAmericankids,buttheyreplacedmarshmallowswith

packagedgifts,thenAmericankidswouldwaitlongertoopenthem.Onceagain,theirassumption

wascorrect.Whenthepotentialrewardswerepackagedgiftsinsteadoffood,Americanchildren

waited15minutesonaverage,andJapanesechildrenwaitedaboutfourminutesonaverage.(考虑

到这些文化差异,Yanaoka预计,如果他们对日本和美国的孩子进行棉花糖测试,但他们用

包装好的礼物代替棉花糖,那么美国孩子会等更长的时间才打开棉花糖。再一次,他们的假

设是正确的。当潜在的奖励是包装好的礼物而不是食物时.,美国孩子平均等待15分钟,日

本孩子平均等待4分钟。厂可知美国儿童倾向于等更长的时间来打开礼物,故选D。

14.推理判断题。根据文章中提到的Yanaoka通过比较美国和日本孩子在棉花糖实验和礼

物实验中的等待时间,来进行后续实验证明他们的假设。因此Yanaoka通过比较进行实验的,

故选B。

15.推理判断题。根据最后一段'Thisisapowerfulresultbecauseitdemonstratestheimportance

ofcultureandhabitinshapingbehavior.Ifachildwaitsonlyfourminutesbeforegivingupon

twomarshmallowsbutthenwaitsalmostfourtimeslongertoopenagift,canwe

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