（统考版）高考英语二轮复习 第3板块 提高写作能力 专题5 短文改错（含解析）-人教版高三英语试题

第3板块[命题规律]短文改错的语言材料通常取自于学生的习作，以记叙文为主，主要考查学生在语篇中准确运用英语知识的能力。1．错误类型相对稳定。全国三套卷的设题中，错词均为8个，多词1个和缺词1个。(需要注意的是，有时从句引导词错误既可按错一词修改也可按缺一词修改，如果按缺一词修改，则缺词为2个，错词为7个。)2．考查内容覆盖面广。动词、形容词、副词、名词、代词、冠词、介词、连词及行文逻辑是考查的重点。3．三年考点稳中有变。如2020年全国卷Ⅲ首考了连词and的多用，2019年全国卷Ⅱ首考了therebe结构中there与they的误用，2018年全国卷Ⅱ首考了名词普通格与所有格的误用。[命题趋势]1．预计2021年高考短文改错仍将以记叙文为主，题材和难易度都会保持相对稳定，话题贴近学生生活，内容积极向上，反映核心价值观。2．以词法考查为重点，其次会考查句法及行文逻辑。3．备考时要注意近三年高考未考到的知识点，像情态动词、虚拟语气中的谓语动词、强调句型中that的用法、倒装句中助动词的用法等。[短文改错解题三步骤]第一步：从语篇入手，理解大意，着眼时态短文改错取材于考生作文，在时态上常用一般现在时和一般过去时。有些句子中谓语动词的时态和语态本身并没有错误，只有立足于上下文才能发现其中的错误。因此，在理解短文大意之后就应该逐句排查每句的时态和语态。第二步：从句子入手，逐句分析，推敲语法解决语法类错误的关键是要熟知短文改错的出题点，对实词和虚词的考查角度了如指掌。如动词类错误一般有三个左右，第一步应从时态、语态角度进行排查，这时就需要考虑非谓语动词、主谓一致和情态动词；名词的数、形容词与副词的混用、冠词的用法、介词搭配等问题几乎每年都要考到，因此我们做题时要做到心中有数。第三步：从行文逻辑入手，兼顾上下，审查连代通过前两步仍然有做不出来的，就应该重读短文，看看是否存在连词错误、指代是否一致、是否符合行文逻辑等。A篇(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)TodayItriedcookingasimplydishmyself.Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoeswitheggs，andIthoughtitmusttobeeasytocook.Mymomtoldmehowtopreparingit.FirstIcutthetomatoesintopiecesbutputthemaside.NextIbroketheeggsintoabowlandbeatthemquicklywithchopstick.AfterthatIpouredoilintoapanandturnedoffthestove.Iwaitedpatientlyunlesstheoilwashot.ThenIputthetomatoesandthebeateneggsintopantogether.“Notthatway，”mymomtriedtostopusbutfailed.Shewasright.Itdidn'tturnoutasIhadwished.【答案】TodayItriedcookingaeq\f(simply,simple)dishmyself.Ilikeeatingeq\f(frying,fried)tomatoeswitheggs，andIthoughtitmustbeeasytocook.Mymomtoldmehowtoeq\f(preparing,prepare)it.FirstIcutthetomatoesintopieceseq\f(but,and)putthemaside.NextIbroketheeggsintoabowlandbeatthemquicklywitheq\f(chopstick,chopsticks).AfterthatIpouredoilintoapanandturnedeq\f(off,on)thestove.Iwaitedpatientlyeq\f(unless,until/till)theoilwashot.ThenIputthetomatoesandthebeateneggsintoeq\o(\s\up12(∧),the)pantogether.“Notthatway，”mymomtriedtostopeq\f(us,me)butfailed.Shewasright.Itdidn'tturnoutasIhadwished.B篇(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Thankyouforyourletter，whatreallymademehappy.I'mgladtoknowthatyou'vecomeChinatolearnkungfuinaschoolinmyhometown.I'msurelyyou'llhaveagoodtime.Actually，IstarttolearnkungfuwhenIwassevenyearsold，forIhavelongbeenoutofpractice.Luckily，Iwillgohomeintwoweeksforsummervacations.ThenIcansparesometimetolearnitagain，suchthatwecanpracticetogetheroneveryday.BestofluckwithyourslearningkungfuinChina.Seeyousooner.【答案】Thankyouforyourletter,eq\f(what,which)reallymademehappy.I'mgladtoknowthatyou'vecomeeq\o(\s\up12(∧),to)Chinatolearnkungfuinaschoolinmyhometown.I'meq\f(surely,sure)you'llhaveagoodtime.Actually，Ieq\f(start,started)tolearnkungfuwhenIwassevenyearsold，eq\f(for,but/yet)Ihavelongbeenoutofpractice.Luckily，Iwillgohomeintwoweeksforsummereq\f(vacations,vacation).ThenIcansparesometimetolearnitagain，eq\f(such,so)thatwecanpracticetogethereveryday.Bestofluckwitheq\f(yours,your/you)learningkungfuinChina.Seeyoueq\f(sooner,soon).C篇(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)SinceIwasakid，I'veconsidereddifferentjobIwouldliketodo.First，Iwantedtobeafireman，whoseuniformlookedsocoolly.Then，whenIwasinthefivegrade，IwantedtobeateacherbecauseIlikedmyEnglishteachertoomuch.WhenIstudiedchemistryhighschool，Ireconsideredmygoalordecidedtobeadoctor.Theyweretworeasonsforthedecision.OnewasthatIwasamazingatthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchmorebetterafterseeingadoctor.AndtheotheristhatIwantedtohelppeopleinneed.【答案】SinceIwasakid，I'veconsidereddifferenteq\f(job,jobs)Iwouldliketodo.First，Iwantedtobeafireman，whoseuniformlookedsoeq\f(coolly,cool).Then，whenIwasintheeq\f(five,fifth)grade，IwantedtobeateacherbecauseIlikedmyEnglishteachereq\f(too,very/so)much.WhenIstudiedchemistryhighschool，Ireconsideredmygoaleq\f(or,and)decidedtobeadoctor.eq\f(They,There)weretworeasonsforthedecision.OnewasthatIwaseq\f(amazing,amazed)atthefactthatasickpersoncouldfeelmuchbetterafterseeingadoctor.Andtheothereq\f(is,was)thatIwantedtohelppeopleinneed.D篇(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)I'vehadmanydreamssinceIwasachild.Nowmydreamistoopensacafe.Thoughitmayappearsimple,itrequiredalotofideasandefforts.WhatIwantisnotjustanordinarilycafebutaveryspecialone.Iwantmycafehaveaspecialthemesuchaslike“TangDynasty”．Inthecafe,customerswillenjoyyourselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhatiscreatedforthem.IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore.Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferentcity.Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeandanuniquestyle.【答案】I'vehadmanydreamssinceIwasachild.Nowmydreamistoeq\f(opens,open)acafe.Thoughitmayappearsimple,iteq\f(required,requires)alotofideasandefforts.WhatIwantisnotjustaneq\f(ordinarily,ordinary)cafebutaveryspecialone.Iwantmycafeeq\o(\s\up12(∧),to)haveaspecialthemesuchas“TangDynasty”．Inthecafe,customerswillenjoyeq\f(yourselves,themselves)inthehistoricalenvironmenteq\f(what,that/which)iscreatedforthem.IfIsucceedineq\f(manage,managing)one,Iwillopenmore.Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferenteq\f(city,cities).Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeandeq\f(an,a)uniquestyle.E篇(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.Ifindabigchangethere.ThefirsttimeIwentthere,theywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogs,ducks,andanotheranimals.LastwinterwhenIwenthereagain,theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofchicken.Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish.Ifelthappilythattheirlifehadimproved.Attheendofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturnforeverytwoyears,butheagreed.【答案】Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttoeq\o(\s\up12(∧),the)countrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.Ieq\f(find,found)abigchangethere.ThefirsttimeIwentthere,theywerelivinginasmallhousewithdogs,ducks,andeq\f(another,other)animals.LastwinterwhenIwenteq\f(here,there)again,theyhadabigseparatehousetoraisedozensofeq\f(chicken,chickens).Theyalsohadasmallpondtheyraisedfish.Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbyeq\f(sell,selling)thefish.Ifelteq\f(happily,happy)thattheirlifehadimproved.Attheendofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturneverytwoyears,eq\f(but,and)heagreed.F篇(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)ItwasMondaymorning,andthewritingclasshadjustbegin.Everyonewassilent,waittoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisandherparagraphaloud.Someofuswereconfidentandeagertakepartintheclassactivity;otherswerenervousandanxious.Ihaddonemyselfhomework,butIwasshy.Iwasafraidthattospeakinfrontofalargergroupofpeople.Atthatmoment,Irememberedthatmyfatheroncesaid,“Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthatincludelearningfromtextbooks,andmistakeaswell.”Immediate,Iraisedmyhand.【答案】ItwasMondaymorning,andthewritingclasshadjusteq\f(begin,begun).Everyonewassilent,eq\f(wait,waiting)toseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhiseq\f(and,or)herparagraphaloud.Someofuswereconfidentandeagereq\o(\s\up12(∧),to)takepartintheclassactivity;otherswerenervousandanxious.Ihaddoneeq\f(myself,my/the)homework,butIwasshy.Iwasafraidtospeakinfrontofaeq\f(larger,large)groupofpeople.Atthatmoment,Irememberedthatmyfatheroncesaid,“Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthateq\f(include,includes)learningfromtextbooks,andeq\f(mistake,mistakes)aswell.”eq\f(Immediate,Immediately)，Iraisedmyhand.[真题例释](2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Mymomisreallyconcerningwiththehealthofeveryoneinourfamilies.Inordertomakesurelyallofusareingoodhealth，andshemakesspecificplansforus.Forexample，everymorning，mydadhastohavethebowlofeggsoupwhileIhadtoeatanapple.Mydaddon'tlikethesoupandIdon'tenjoyapples.Itellmymomthatifwe'reforcedeatthings，wemaybecomeill.Butheinsistsonuseatinghealthyfood.Understandinghergoodintentions，IeatallthefoodwhatisprovidedbyMomwithappreciation.【答案】Mymomisreallyeq\f(concerning,concerned)withthehealthofeveryoneinoureq\f(families,family).Inordertomakeeq\f(surely,sure)allofusareingoodhealth，shemakesspecificplansforus.Forexample，everymorning，mydadhastohaveeq\f(the,a)bowlofeggsoupwhileIeq\f(had,have)toeatanapple.Mydadeq\f(don't,doesn't)likethesoupandIdon'tenjoyapples.Itellmymomthatifwe'reforcedeq\o(\s\up12(∧),to)eatthings，wemaybecomeill.Buteq\f(he,she)insistsonuseatinghealthyfood.Understandinghergoodintentions，Ieatallthefoodeq\f(what,that)isprovidedbyMomwithappreciation.1．concerning→concerned。词法错误。此处表示主语(Mymom)的状态，应使用­ed形容词，表示“关心的，关切的”。2．families→family。词法错误。family表示整体时，多作单数看待；指多个家庭成员时，多作复数看待。此处指我和父母的家，故看作一个整体。3．surely→sure。词法错误。makesure为固定搭配，表示“确保”。4．去掉逗号后的and。句法错误。逗号前为目的状语，逗号后为主句，两者之间不需要连词and连接。5．bowl前的the→a。词法错误。这里泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，故用不定冠词。6．had→have。句法错误。全文中心时态为一般现在时。7．Mydad后的don't→doesn't。句法错误。主语Mydad为第三人称单数，此处应用doesn't。8．eat前加to。句法错误。beforcedtodosth.“被迫做某事”。9．he→she。行文逻辑错误。此处指代mymom，故用she。10．what→that。句法错误。定语从句的先行词被all等词修饰时，引导词用that。类型一词法错误eq\a\vs4\al(错误1——冠词错误)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Asthekid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons. the→a2．(2020·深圳市统一测试)Oneeveningafterwork,Ifoundabeautifullittlefoxwithainjuredleg. 第二个a→an3．(2020·华南师大附中模拟)WeplantostayhereinMontrealforfewdaysandthentraveltothenorth. few前加a4．(2020·六盘山市模拟)OnemorningwhenIwasinprimaryschool,Itriedcookingforfirsttime. first前加the5．(2020·河南省实验中学模拟)Onemorning,Iwenttoschoolbyabicycleasusual. 去掉a6．(2020·龙岩市质检)Ithinkfriendsarethosepeoplewhocanhelpyouwhenyouareinthetrouble. 去掉the冠词错误主要有四种情况：①不定冠词a与an错用：元音音素前用an，辅音音素前用a。②不定冠词与定冠词错用：泛指用不定冠词，特指用定冠词。③冠词的缺失：可数名词单数前缺少不定冠词或定冠词。④冠词的多余：不可数名词或表泛指的可数名词复数前有多余的定冠词。特别提示：注意固定搭配中的冠词。eq\a\vs4\al(错误2——名词、数词错误)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofallsortinthesittingroom. sort→sorts2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)WhenIwaslittle,Friday'snightwasourfamilygamenight. Friday's→Friday3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday,Itookdrivinglessons. eighteen→eighteenth4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Besides,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationsfromtheInternet. informations→information5．(2020·大同市模拟)RecentlyIfoundacoupleofdonationboxinmylivingcommunity. box→boxes6．(2020·惠州市调研考试)Iusedtopaylittleattentiontotheimportantofbreakfast. important→importance7．(2020·陕西省质检)GrowingupinJamaica,Luisdidn'tknowaboutbasketballuntilhearrivedintheUSattheageoftwelfth. twelfth→twelve8．(2020·华南师大附中)ThisisourfirsttriptoAmericaandthefriendlyofthepeopleisamazing. friendly→friendliness1．名词错误主要有三种情况：①名词数的错用：该用单数时错用复数或相反情况；误把不可数名词用作复数。②词性的错用：该用所有格时错用普通格或相反情况。③该用名词时错用动词或形容词。2．数词错误有两种情况：①该用序数词时错用基数词或相反情况；②该用复数时错用单数或相反情况。eq\a\vs4\al(错误3——代词错误)1．(2020·华南师大附中模拟)NowIamwritingtotellyouanythingdetailedaboutit. anything→something2．(2020·惠州市调研考试)Therefore,itisnecessaryforwestudentstostartourdaywitharegularbreakfast. we→us3．(2020·云南师大附中模拟)Manypeoplelikehimforkindness,courageandmagicalpower. for后加his4．(2020·西安市模拟)TherearemanystudentsatthebasketballcourtandIcanplaywiththemandimproveme. me→myself5．(2020·广西名校模拟)Iwouldappreciateifyoucouldtakemeintoconsideration. appreciate后加it6．(2020·银川一中模拟)TheimageshowsourgreatexpectoftheGamesandthatourChinesewelcometheworld. 第二个our→we代词错误主要有四种情况：①人称代词主格和宾格、人称代词与物主代词、人称代词与反身代词的错用。②人称代词和物主代词的缺失。③不定代词错用。④it的缺失或多余。eq\a\vs4\al(错误4——介词错误)1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenstopjustinthemiddleontheroad. on→of2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools. 去掉for3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)WhenIlookatthispictureofmyself,Irealizeofhowfasttimeflies. 去掉第二个of4．(2020·沈阳市模拟)Allthemoneycollectedwillgotothestudentsonneedtohelpwiththeirstudies. on→in5．(2020·咸阳市模拟)Duringmysummervacationlastyear,Iparticipatedsomesocialactivities. participated后加in6．(2020·广西名校模拟)Thequalityofyourrelationshipwiththeothergroupmembersisthekeyofthesuccessofthegroup. 第一个of→to介词错误主要有三种情况：①介词的错用：应注意介词的基本用法以及介词与动词、名词、形容词构成的搭配。②介词的多余：及物动词后不能再加介词。③介词的缺失：不及物动词后跟宾语时需加介词。特别提示：需特别注意固定搭配中的介词。eq\a\vs4\al(错误5——形容词、副词错误)1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar. late→later2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether. earlier→early3．(2020·合肥市质检)ThatisbecauseIbelieveitcanmakemehappilyandfree. happily→happy4．(2020·广西名校模拟)Theaimofgroupworkistoproducemuchmorebetterpresentations. 去掉more5．(2020·哈尔滨市第六中学模拟)Theysaiditwassoabeautifuldaythattheywouldrememberitforever. so→such6．(2020·汉中市质检)Inordertodogoodinthework,myteammatesandImadefullpreparations. good→well7．(2020·晋城市模拟)Duringtherideheintroducedhimselftousandwehadaveryinterestedconversation. interested→interesting8．(2020·西安中学模拟)However,theotherstudentschooseuniversitiesfarawayfromhomesothattheycanbemoreindependence. independence→independent形容词、副词错误主要有四种情况：①形容词或副词之间的错用：由于词形或词义的接近而引起的错误；v.­ing形容词与v.­ed形容词的错用。②比较等级的错用：除了原级、比较级、最高级相互之间的错用，还要注意比较级的重复。③形容词与副词错用：作定语、表语时应用形容词，作状语时一般用副词(伴随状语用形容词)。④形容词与名词的错用：该用形容词时错用名词。类型二句法错误eq\a\vs4\al(错误1——时态、语态错误)1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Ihadgrownnotonlyphysically,butalsomentallyinthepastfewyears. had→have2．(2020·龙岩市质检)Don'tforgetthesaying,“Afriendinneedwasafriendindeed.” was→is3．(2020·合肥市质检)IhavebeendecidedtobecomeapilotsinceIwasalittlekid. 去掉been4．(2020·广州市调研测试)Lastweek,Iquarrelwithmyparentsaboutspendingtoomuchtimeonmycellphone. quarrel→quarreled5．(2020·长郡中学模拟)AnEnglishpartywillbeholdingintheschoolhallatseveno'clockintheeveningonNovember12. holding→held6．(2020·衡水市模拟)Buthavingknownthatfishingwasforbadethere,Iwentuptostopthem. forbade→forbidden时态、语态错误主要有三种情况：①混淆时态、语态的构成形式；②未能依据时间状语判定适当的时态；③未能依据前后的逻辑关系判定适当的时态。eq\a\vs4\al(错误2——非谓语动词错误)1．(2020·邢台市模拟)Everyyear,thereisacarnivalholdinginLondoninAugust. holding→held2．(2020·佛山市质检)AsatypicalstudentofSenior3,Idevotemosttimetolearneachday. learn→learning3．(2020·福州市质检)Onlythreeyearsago,Iwasterrifyingofwalkingorskatingonice. terrifying→terrified4．(2020·西宁市模拟)Aftersupper,LiHuacameandaskedmegoandseeafilmwithhim. me后加to5．(2020·亳州市质检)Hearthenewsthatthe2022WinterOlympicwouldbeheldinChina,Ifeltveryexcited. Hear→Hearing6．(2020·广西名校模拟)Therefore,itisimportanttospendingtimegettingtoknowyourcolleague. spending→spend7．(2020·重庆一中模拟)TherealmomentbeganasIstoodontheplatformwithmylegstrembledandmymindblank. trembled→trembling8．(2020·合肥市质检)Tomakemydreamcometrue,Ihavetobephysicallyfitbykeepingahealthydietandworkoutregularly. work→working非谓语动词错误主要有三种情况：①非谓语动词错用：应根据非谓语动词的功能及所作成分来判断用哪种非谓语动词。一般来说，不定式表示尚未发生，动词­ing形式表示主动进行，过去分词表示被动完成。②介词后一般用动词­ing形式，需特别注意to是介词还是不定式符号。③误将非谓语动词用作谓语动词或相反情况。eq\a\vs4\al(错误3——情态动词和虚拟语气错误)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Asakid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchthem,myparentswouldnottoletme. 去掉let前的to2．(2020·广西名校模拟)Onedifficultywithgroupworkisthatyoucan'tworkedasquicklyasyoucanbyyourself. worked→work3．(2020·大连市双基测试)Irecommendyoucouldchooseamethodandsticktoit. could→should或去掉could4．(2020·成都市模拟)IfIhavepaidmoreattentionthen,Iwouldn'thavemadesuchastupidmistake. 第一个have→had5．(2020·重庆市一中模拟)Soitisimportantthatwemustlearnefficientlyanddevelopawellhabit. must→should6．(2020·合肥市模拟)Ifonlytheyhavegonetotherighthouseontheothersideofthestreet. have→had情态动词和虚拟语气错误主要有两种情况：①情态动词的错用：应熟记情态动词的基本含义及用法，例如其后跟动词原形、不能单独作谓语等。②虚拟语气中动词的形式受时态的影响而导致错用，应熟记不同句式中虚拟语气的不同用法。eq\a\vs4\al(错误4——主谓不一致错误)1．(2020·珠海市质检)Ihopethatyoucansharemesomewaysthatwasusedinthepreparation. was→were2．(2020·皖江名校联盟联考)NowI'mnothomelessanymore,andthinkingofthatreallybrightenmyday. brighten→brightens3．(2020·泉州市质检)ThereisseveralreasonswhyImightbetherightpersonforthejob. is→are4．(2020·南阳市一中模拟)OnSaturdaymorning,I,togetherwithmygrandparents,weresearchingtheInternetforthetrainschedule,theweatherinBeidaihe,andsomehotelinformation. were→was5．(2020·桂林市联合调研考试)Everyyearalotofeffortsaremadeandmuchmoneyarespentresearchingandprotectingit. 第二个are→is6．(2020·开封市模拟)Keepingagoodhabitareveryimportant,butIamalittlelazyandfindithardtokeepagoodhabit. are→is主谓不一致错误主要有三种情况：①语法的错用：应注意复数名词后的动词未必用复数，应找准句子的主语。②意义的错用：例如family表达不同的意思单复数不同。③忽视就近、就远原则。eq\a\vs4\al(错误5——并列连词错误)1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor'sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank. so→but/yet2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Ihavegrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears. and→but3．(2020·合肥市质检)EachtimeIseeaplaneflyingacrossthesky,Ifeelextremelyexcitedbutwanttoflyit. but→and4．(2020·华南师大附中模拟)Withoutmanycars,Irealizedthecitylookedsocleanbutbeautiful. but→and5．(2020·张家口市模拟)Althoughthekitefelltothegroundagainandagain,butIfinallygotthehangofitandflewithighinthesky. 去掉but6．(2020·汉中市质检)IbelievethatIwillgetlifelongbenefitsfromtheshortandmeaningfulexperience. and→but7．(2020·重庆一中模拟)Overcomeit,oryouwillbeabletoachieveyourgoals. or→and8．(2020·亳州市质检)Iwasabouttogiveupwhilemyfathercametomyassistance. while→when并列连词错误主要有三种情况：①混淆并列、选择、转折等逻辑关系。②受汉语影响而引起的连词的多余，英语中although/though不能与but连用，because不能与so连用。③注意常考句式bedoing/beabouttodo...when...中when的应用；“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”中and/or的应用。eq\a\vs4\al(错误6——复合句错误)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife. where→when2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestedinplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,thatisontherooftopoftheirhouse. that→which3．(2020·南充市模拟)YouarethemostconsideratepersonwhoknowsexactlythatIneed. that→what4．(2020·石家庄市模拟)YesterdayourclubheldanEnglishspeechcontest,whichthemeis“ChallengeMyself”． which→whose5．(2020·福州市质检)MyskatingteacherwasgreatandafterIknewit,Iwasabletoskate！ after→before6．(2020·河南省实验中学模拟)Ithasbecomeoneofthemostpopulartraveldestinationsintheworld,wheremillionsoftouristsvisiteveryyear. where→which7．(2020·汉中市质检)Besides,Ialsorealizethathowimportantteamworkis. 去掉that8．(2020·合肥二中模拟)Obviously,itwasjustanexcusehemadetocoverthefactwhichhehadn'tdonehishomework. which→that复合句错误主要有三种情况：①状语从句的引导词错误或重复。②定语从句关系词的错用或缺失。③名词性从句中连接词的错用或重复。特别关注：what与that，that与which，where与that的辨析。类型三行文逻辑错误eq\a\vs4\al(错误1——时态不一致)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Ididn'trealizehowrightmyparentsareuntilIenteredhighschool. are→were2．(2020·乐山市模拟)IwasreadinganarticleinanewspaperwhenIcameacrossawordIdon'tknow. don't→didn't3．(2020·绵阳市模拟)What'smore,Ievenearnedmoneybysellingstampsandmycollectionwillbemorevaluableastimegoesby. earned→earn4．(2020·长沙市模拟)Whilepickingthetea,hereceivedthenewsofhismother'sillness,sohecarefullyputstheleavesinhissleevesandleftHangzhouforBeijing. puts→put5．(2020·南阳市模拟)Intheafternoon,Ihurriedlywenttothetrainstationandmanagetobuytwoticketsalthoughtherewasalongqueue. manage→managed时态不一致错误主要有三种情况：①前后句中的时态不一致。②并列句中的时态不一致。③主从句的时态不一致。eq\a\vs4\al(错误2——指代不一致)1．(2020·佛山市模拟)ManypeoplehavebecomethebigstarssincewesharedvideosonTikTok. we→they2．(2020·福建省质检)Iwasproudofmyselfwhenhehelpedayoungboytorideahorseforthefirsttime. he→I3．(2020·安徽省名校模拟)AlthoughI'minterestedinwatchingTV,wemanagetofinishmyhomeworkfirst. we→I4．(2020·湖南省五市十校联考)Theshowsweresowonderfulthatweallenjoyeditverymuch. it→them5．(2020·池州市模拟)Mostofthestudentsliketostudyinthelibrary,mainlybecausetheatmosphereinthemissuitableforlearning. them→it6．(2020·贵阳市模拟)Unfortunatelyhisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff,soCharliespentherchildhoodlookingafterhissickmotherandhisbrother. her→his指代不一致错误主要有三种情况：①人称不一致。②单复数不一致。③性别不一致。eq\a\vs4\al(错误3——逻辑不一致)1．(2020·郑州市质量预测)ThefirstforeignlanguageIneverlearntwasFrench,butitdidn'tgoverywell. never→ever2．(2020·南充市模拟)Withyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailedintheexamination. With→Without3．(2020·东北三省三校联考)Hearinghiswords,Ifeltsorryforhissufferings.Idecidednottoorganizeanactivitytoraisemoneyforhim. 去掉not4．(2020·南昌十中模拟)Ialwayshaveadreamtobeafluencyspeaker.Therefore,Iamtooshytosayawordinpublic. Therefore→However5．(2020·葫芦岛市质检)Isupporttheideathatweshouldtrytodrivemoreandbuyenvironmentallyfriendlyproductstoimprovetheairquality. more→less6．(2020·广州市调研测试)TherearepeopleintheworldIvalue,suchasteachersandfriends.Also,themostpreciouspeopletomearemyparents. Also→However逻辑不一致错误主要有三种情况：①肯定误用否定或相反情况。②转折误用因果、递进或相反情况。③时间、地点前后矛盾。(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.OneafternoonwhereIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.Suddenlyfootballfelljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.Istoppedtheballandkickedithardlybacktotheplayground.Toeveryone'ssurprising,theballwentintothenet.Allthefootballplayerontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,saythatIhadatalentforfootball.Fromnowon,Istartedtoplaymyfootballwithclassmatesafterschool.Iamagoodplayernow.【答案】Ibecameeq\f(interesting,interested)inplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.Oneafternooneq\f(where,when)Iwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.Suddenlyeq\o(\s\up12(∧),a)footballfelljustinfrontofmeeq\f(but,and)almosthitme.Istoppedtheballandkickediteq\f(hardly,hard)backtotheplayground.Toeveryone'seq\f(surprising,surprise)，theballwentintothenet.Allthefootballeq\f(player,players)ontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,eq\f(say,saying)thatIhadatalentforfootball.Fromeq\f(now,then)on,Istartedtoplayfootballwithclassmatesafterschool.Iamagoodplayernow.1．interesting→interested词法错误之形容词有误。become/beinterestedin为固定短语，意为“对……感兴趣”。2．where→when句法错误之复合句有误。oneafternoon是表示时间的名词，后面的定语从句应用when引导。3．football前加a词法错误之冠词有误。“一个足球”afootball。4．but→and句法错误之并列连词有误。“一个足球正好落在我面前”与“差点儿打到我”之间是顺承关系，要用并列连词and。5．hardly→hard词法错误之副词有误。此处表示“用力把足球踢回操场”，应用副词hard“用力地”。hardly意为“几乎不”。6．surprising→surprise词法错误之名词有误。toone'ssurprise为固定短语，意为“令某人惊讶的是”。7．player→players词法错误之名词有误。根据前面的all可知，player应用复数形式。8．say→saying句法错误之非谓语动词有误。根据句子结构可知，此处say要用其现在分词形式作伴随状语。9．now→then行文逻辑错误之逻辑不一致。文章讲述的是过去发生的事情，应该用fromthenon，意为“从那时起”。10．去掉football前的my词法错误之代词有误。playfootball“踢足球”。A篇(2020·合肥市第二次质检)LastmonthIgotachancetotakepartinourschoolbasketballmatch.Itooktheplacewithmyclassmate,WangBin,whohadbeenseriousinjuredbeforethematch.Duringthematch,Itrymybesttomoveandpasstheball.IshotacoupleoftimebutIscorednone,whatmademeveryworried.Allmyteammatescomfortedmebuttheygavemealotofencourage.Weplayedasateamanddideverythingwecouldwinthematch.Inanend,wewon65­63.Itwasafantasticmemorythatwouldbeworthtreasuringitforever.【答案】LastmonthIgotachancetotakepartinourschoolbasketballmatch.Itooktheplaceeq\f(with,of)myclassmate,WangBin,whohadbeeneq\f(serious,seriously)injuredbeforethematch.Duringthematch,Ieq\f(try,tried)mybesttomoveandpasstheball.Ishotacoupleofeq\f(time,times)butIscorednone,eq\f(what,which)mademeveryworried.Allmyteammatescomfortedmeeq\f(but,and)theygavemealotofeq\f(encourage,encouragement（s）).Weplayedasateamanddideverythingwecouldeq\o(\s\up12(∧),to)winthematch.Ineq\f(an,the)end,wewon65­63.Itwasafantasticmemorythatwouldbeworthtreasuringforever.B篇(2020·东北三省三校模拟)DearJack，IamLiHua.IamwrittentoinviteyoutobethejudgeoftheEnglishSpeechContesttoheldnextFridayinourschool.Itwillbeginat2:00p．m.butitwilllastabouttwohours,duringthat15well­preparedcontestantswilldelivertheirspeechesonthetopic“Doingthingsrightordoingrightthings”．Withyourattendanceandpreciouslycomment,itwasboundtobeasuccess.Itcouldn'tbebetterifyoucouldofferussomevaluableadvicesonlearningEnglishintheendoftheactivity.Yourattendanceisgreatlyexpected.Pleaseyouconfirmyourpresenceatyourearlyconvenient.Yours，LiHua【答案】DearJack，IamLiHua.Iameq\f(written,writing)toinviteyoutobethejudgeoftheEnglishSpeechContesttoeq\o(\s\up12(∧),be)heldnextFridayinourschool.Itwillbeginat2:00p．m.eq\f(but,and)itwilllastabouttwohours,duringeq\f(that,which)15well­preparedcontestantswilldelivertheirspeechesonthetopic“Doingthingsrightordoingrightthings”．Withyourattendanceandeq\f(preciously,precious)comment,iteq\f(was,is)boundtobeasuccess.Itcouldn'tbebetterifyoucouldofferussomevaluableeq\f(advices,advice)onlearningEnglisheq\f(in,at)theendoftheactivity.Yourattendanceisgreatlyexpected.Pleaseconfirmyourpresenceatyourearlyeq\f(convenient,convenience).Yours，LiHuaC篇(2020·太原市模拟)Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,I'mgoingtobecomputerprogrammer,whichIthinkisongreatdemandinthemodernworld.Moreover,myparentslikemetostudymedicine.Theybelieveherearetworeasonsforbeingadoctor.Oneisthatdoctorsusuallydealwithpatientsinperson,whichmeantheyareabletohelppeopleinneeddirect.Theotheristhatdoctorsaresoimportantthatitisalmostimpossibleforittolosejobs.UptonowIhavechattedwithmyparentsforthreetime.Tomydisappointment,Iwasfailedtopersuadethem.NowIamconfusingabouthowtosolvetheproblem.【答案】Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,I'mgoingtobeeq\o(\s\up12(∧),a)computerprogrammer,whichIthinkiseq\f(on,in)greatdemandinthemodernworld.eq\f(Moreover,However)，myparentslikemetostudymedicine.Theybelieveeq\f(here,there)aretworeasonsforbeingadoctor.Oneisthatdoctorsusuallydealwithpatientsinperson,whicheq\f(mean,means)they