2022-2023学年河北省唐山市重点学校八年级（上）期末数学试卷（含解析）

2022-2023(±)

-x^ggftn/Mg,</Mg2^,ft24X&</J'gg^t±iW$i^,

Wo

n

uratmafe<nn>w>wwffl^x)

2.M.W®W±Jl»?(

A.0®B.1MC.2MD.3tg

3.$nffl,B^lAABE=△ACD,Z1=Z2,ZB=ZC,~OWftXlE0iWX)

A.AB=AC

B.ABAE=ACAD

C.BE=DC

D.AD=DE

4.M,—Mftza+z^WS^X)

A.180°B.220°C.240°D.300°

5.TW»raWX)

A.2a+3b=5abB.(x+2)2=x2+4

C.(ab3)2=ab6D.(-1)°=1

>>>>Ppco>

HIcoHa

bjHHN)H

+II

a(_nII+I++

CHotoLnanas

MirX\N)—/

IIs?

K|co+

£Ic^Z-1n+

H

g<wII8»

+

IIa

X■>?—/

bJ

<s~I

aILn

coLn

X

aI+

g<+CTs

4$IIfifO'

pi

COH

i?n

w

p<ppCO

*Icoa

IIL

+#

4^1I

ILn

II[S’

K|co+

tfeO'.

$bII

w

OppI

to

S-iIcoS’a

II<+■H-'£?

K|c°I

LC

+

MH

In

3f

dH

V

13.x3—4x2—12%=

14.MaMWM>________________________________

x—22

is.Stif:0&6W®fKWftM^o.oooi2®e,^o.oooi2W4^iH^£<zK^

16.#ng,&AABC<P,AC=BC,AABC^^^AACE=100°,M

17.$D®,ii^m+4^iEW£ft>tWHl—W

ii-fcfti_____

m—4

18.BW+|=22x|,3+|=32x|,4+^=42X^,...,5^10+£=102x£(a,/)ALBIAft),Ma+

□DooIDIDOO

b=.

Hxi+»^:±tl05K

19.“gSSKIg”,^Xg^Ei3R3pA^

^XPAM«X,M^XWfW^W^mi.5^.WEW,X

lO^iSX,m£TWXgEWAW^a£ffi5X.

(i)^Xfl6W^0tlW^'>^?

(2)B£nWA^XBWX^fflMsooX,XPA$XWi®X^ffl^35007u.^JT

KimX^»<mAX^X^MEF>XPA^M^.

Hvft485^0

20.G£/b^8^)

Ttft®,MsR(M:5(3a2b-ab2)-3(ab2+5a2b),ftMa=|,b=-|.

21.

2

(l)^X-%-2;

KJx—2

..,12x.x2+6x+9

(2)(^+%-3)-1^r-

A-1=^’

x—2xz—4

23.

M®:

^BC±

&P,MJn,tiQ,&QB=QC.

(2)$n®2,^f&AABC,k‘

(2)^EM+CMWft</W,*MW{iS(WW)

24.

14A4BC43,D^JABI.—fi,E^lAC^ti,ffi^EF=FD,&CF.

(l)^cffi:CP//AB-.

(2y%tABC=50°,'-&^BE,BE^-^-AABC,CA^ABCF,

25.(*/JW2^)

BMWiA/WC^,*E^gXB±—At)*,^E^A,B^S.^,^D^CB^^l.,RED=EC.

jznSl,^^AE^DBtf]±^=^,

(2)^®2,

$SL,iW^H^ilEBl.

(3)IZI^J2/^^^X/?CI|',*£)i£fiWC±,^.ED=EC.^ABC^H.^1,AE=2,if

HlCDme

1.[^MlB

[Of]WfWMmtoSJWWMPI

i£.ow^wwmsmwTOsm^-^m^ww^s^.

M-:?1,TO3WMM,

B,?Hr«;

CTOH7M;

D,7&ww,to^-®*.

££;&:B.

2.[^MlB

[Of][Of]

WTOBTOTEtTOTO^BP7‘.

[OH

W:M,

D

A«-------

RC

ME4CJH,UTO&I'l'JHMABCDA<7WAACDRAABC,

im+mwIOTO

BPWSO^TO^.

M:B.

3.[^M]D

[o/f]

£^=wmoi^,BPT'aoowf.

)W:"AABE=AACD,Z1=Z2,ZB=ZC,

■•■AB=AC,^BAE=ACAD,BE=DC,AD=AE,

B.ClEfit;

D.

4.C

[Of][Wl

TOMrtjMn>360°^MzR,<K^±,^-T

M.

^MWWOlKrt?ftW>u360o,

+z/?6WfC.

[O

ft?:H^W&HjlOWjlMO0,

F/fKBOW=180°-60°=120°;

^flUza+z/?=360°-120°=240°.

i*fc&:C.

5.[^MlD

[Of]BT»W.

ft®IW5b

ft?:4,

By(x+2)2=x2+4%+4,

C,(ab3)2=a2b6,

Dy(-l)0=l,OM}Ot

M:D.

6.[#^1C

[ft?^lM«T«5W^gM>

MlE^0<jra^,LU^f!l&,OuWMi^GMT.

ft?:AB=x+a,

J?flUlETj^Wlil^^jS=(x+a)2=x2+2ax+a2;

J?fLUiE^O^ffiF^S=(x+a)a+(x+a)x,S&JRWC$BT^-

Sfcife:C.

7.[^MlB

[HW1W:%2-5x+6=%(x-5)+6SMmW^

B,x2-5x+6=(x-2)(x-3)^sURftW77

c>(x-2)(x-3)=x2-5x+6£IOe£,WWOI;

D,X2-5X+6=(X-2)(X-3),

M:B.

[W1BPWtOM.

ti2i]LWA'WI3A;.

8.[^MlC

[Or]LW1

OMtwom

M«TAWIM5CWOA^AlUTW^ffiMW^SW^:

(1)&.Z<^5WAll?;

(2)A'i£7i‘®A.<^AW^All?;

to

W:

•*•CL+10f

.*.a-1.

i&&:C.

9.[«]A

[ftWJW:JM^=3i_^=^=x,

x-1x-1x-1

A.

AJffl^AW^0W^OiJi+SBPnrWiiJ^>.

7>Amum,W.WiOMIftim

io.D

LM+Jrl«=@iaa=0Ht«A£,

@^IW^WK^£O!LW/b®lEa;

(3)2-2=i,=^(a^O,p^JlE^),

(4)-(3-5)+(—2)4-r8x(-1)=

®%2+%2=2%2,

MD.

O»-i+®W.

WW?£,»»IOU

^niMWWfim

ii.r^MiD

[WrlW=W£$W'J<fefX«1WO:

8_81

x2.5x4’

M:D.

15W,OBOimtm

+mWWOft®.

12.r^Mic

[WlJrlL^Jrl

=AEBD=^ABC,tAFB=

AEFB=90°,ttdb?lB=BF,WWHWWttJ^MSlMF=EF,^AD=ED,&^DAF=

ADEF,

»:VBD^AXBCWliW^,AE1BD,

.-.^ABF=Z.EBF,tAFB=^EFB=90°,

^AABF^AEBF^3,

AABF=Z.EBF

BF=BF

.^AFB=tEFB

■■AABF^AEBF(ASA},

:.AB=EB,AF=EF,

■■ABAE=ABEA,

ABD^AEBD^,

AB=EB

Z.ABD=AEBD

.BD=BD

■'■AABD=AEBD(SAS),

■■■DA=DE,Z.DAE=ADEA,

Z.BAE+Z.DAE=ABEA+ADEA,

ADEB=ADAB=180°-35°-50°=95°,

ACDE=ADEB-AC=95°-50°=45°,

«C.

13.X(X+2)(X-6)

[IOTI[Wl

W=x3—4x2—12x

=x(x2—4x—12)

=x(x+2)(x—6).

x(x+2)(x-6).

14.a>Illa*2

[IWlW:^=5-

x—22

;^SWiPW2(x-2),^2(x-a)=x-2,

W2x-2a=x-2,

Mx=2a—2,

x-20,

x-22

.r2a-2>0

12a—2—2O’

>lfia*2.

a>lMa2.

x—22

*®««-7L-&W5^54^MMft?>

15.[^Ml1.2x1(T4

[JOTIft?:0.00012=1.2x10~4.

1.2X10-4.

444^Hfl&M^5^ax10n6WM,M+l<|a|<10,®|jgnKjfiB4,MWEJMM^a

B4,3JM^^741M>1004,n>lESII&;EiM

104,

««44^iE>?4W^^'?4.4l-444S/4lW</nl4A>jaxioniW^^,^1<|a|<10,

S,S^04^^tM^®a04'®lUSn64<.

16.[^150

[ftWlft?:•■•XC=BC,

.-.LA=ZB,

•••LA+ZB=LACE,

:.LA=^LACE=|X100°=50°.

50.

tMiOjwwmttmwzx=ZB,

ww.

17.2m+4

[ft?141ft?:»^WW404^-ii^x,

!)l!|4x=(m+4)2—m2=(m+4+m)(m+4—m)

=4(2m+4),

ft?f#x=2m+4.

2m+4.

l^WBWWft?.

18.109

[Or]ft?:&EMa=10,b=a2-1=102-1=99,

a+b=10+99=109.

b=a2-i«lft?HJ«.

19.[^§-^1ft?:(l)iSi2AjSl^SlltlliE/i-S'!Id^xX,

JMi®:(-+TT-)x15+-=1.

x1.5xyx

ft?W:X=30.

^^x=30>WlWgWft?.

(2)CTif,ZXA#ftA^,1H-(^-+—^-)=18(A),

JUI.JXJU

18X(6500+3500)=180000(TG).

^I@GWffl>31800007n.

[ft?t/f](i)i£MTgiW£WlHj>xA,WRAXPAA^msA,«IgEmWl5A$

nmto®,ft?fW<

(2)AW^>^Jsi+MWfflBPBl.

£OIOA‘W,SWOT®,isfflM

Mft?^.

20.ft?:JMx^=15a2b—Sab2—Sab2—lSa2b=—8ab2,

Sa=|,6=-|jt,JM^=-8xjx(-|)2=-|.

[ft?#r]^XlE^XP^ltlAAM.

2i.FT?:(I)MA=AL-^M

x—2x—2

__x2X2-4

x—2x—2

_X2-X2+4

x—2

-4

x—2’

(2)JMs^=[—+3)-i■3x(x3)

Lx—3x-3(x+3)

_12x+x2—6x+93x(x—3)

x-3(x+3)2

_(x+3)23x(x—3)

x-3(x+3)2

=3x.

S»MMBPOT.

22.[<*]«:JOgHP:^-1=^^.

^SWilW^(x+2)(x-2),

Mx(x+2)-(x+2)(x-2)=8.

2x4-4=8.

MM:x=2.

W:x=2(tf,(x4-2)(x-2)=0,BPx=2^WJW§WW,

mwswws.

[Wf]WnJW<m^^M(x+2)(x-2),

w.

23.W:(l)^Sl^fzK:

(2)$nffl2j5/TzF:

&gCE'(^FF)^4DS^£BP^M'.

[JOf]MMtBfiC

WM,BPPJWIBQ^M;

24.(l)ffiBJl:VE^/IC^^,

■•■AE=CE,

&AAEDWACEF^,

AE=CE

LAED=LCEF,

.DE=FE

.-.AAED=ACEF(SAS),

LA=LACF,

CF//AB-,

(2)W:--CA^LBCF,

:■LACB=LACF,

•••LA=LACF,

LA=LACB,

■:LA+LABC+LACB=180°,LABC=50°,

•••2LA=130°,

LA=65°.

[WtJr]AAED=LCEF,=LACF,nl;

(2)«(l)^<tBA71=LACB,

25.W:(1W=DB,

Si&JT:AE=BE,

■■■CE^LACB,CELAE,

■■■DE=CE,

■••LD=LECB=30°,

•••LDEC=120°,

•••LCEB=90