新人教版选择性必修第四册2023-2024学年高中英语Unit5LaunchingYourCareerSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage夯基提能作业

UNIT5SectionII

夯基提能作业

一、语言基础训练

I.判断下列句子种类（若是复合句，判断从句种类）

1.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.简单句

2.Hedidn，tattendthemeeting,forhewasill.并歹峋

3.Wewerehavingameetingwhensomeonebrokein.并歹U句

4.Helivesinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.复合句（定语从句）

5.Thesportsmeetingwasputoff,whichastonishedus.复合句（定语从句）

6.Heshoutswhenhegetsangry,asisoftenthecase.复合句（状语从句；定语

从句）

7.There'snodoubtthatshewillbeabletorepaythemoneyontime.复合句

（同位语从句）

8.Heinsiststhathisfathergiveupsmoking.复合句（宾语从句）

9.Whenhecomeshasn，tbeendecided.复合句（主语从句）

10.Therequestisthatnoonecomelatetomorrow.复合句俵语从句）

II.单句语法填空

1.Wetookpityonthepeopleinthedisaster-hitareaandmanystudents

raisedmoneyforthem.

2.Havingsufferedanumberofhealthproblems,formerOlympicPresident

Samaranchdied（die）onApril21inBarcelona.

3.TheInternetisanexcitingtoolthat/whichnotonlyputsvast

informationatyourfingertipsbutalsoexpandsoptions.

4.However,thoseofuswhoareparentsofchildreninthisagegroupknow

thatsuchoffersarerelativelyrareandthatmanyliberal-artsstudents（文

科生）graduatewiththebeliefthattheprospective（预期的）workplacemaynot

haveaplaceforthem.

5.Theyalsofoundthatthebusconductorhadamajorroleinpreventing

vandalism（故意破坏行为），andthatatthetimeshewentupthestairstotheupper

decktocollectfares,vandalismdidnotoftenoccur.

6.Theoldworkerinsistedthathewasn，toldandthathebesentback

totheworkingpostagain.

7.Ifyouaskpeopletonameonepersonwho/thathadthegreatesteffecton

theEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare“uSamuelJohnson,,

and“Webster”,butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoaman

who/thatdidn，tevenspeakEnglish一William,theconqueror.

8.Sciencehasbecomesoimportantinthemodernworld,withitsproceduresso

highlystandardizedandsowidelyaccepted,thatitisincludedamongmodern

socialinstitutions.

9.Themagazineismale-targetingbecauseyoungguysgenerallywon51pickupa

magazinethat/whichappearstobedirectedatfemales,whereasgirlsusually

will.

10.Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlived(live)people

belonging(belong)totwomajorlanguagegroups.

11.Waiting(wait)abovethecrowdedstreets,ontopofabuilding110stories

high,wasPhilippePettit.

12.Firstput(put)forwardbytheFrenchmathematicianPierredeFormatin

theseventeenthcentury,thetheoremhadbaffledandbeatenthefinestmathematical

minds,including(include)aFrenchwomanscientistwho/thatmadeamajor

advanceinworkingouttheproblem,andwho/thathadtodresslikeamaninorder

tobeabletostudyattheEcolabpolytechnique.

二、培优提升训练

I.阅读理解

(2023•河南省大联考高二阶段测试)

Attheageof13,AlenaWickerwasacceptedbytheUniversityofAlabama's

HeersinkSchoolofMedicine,becomingtheyoungestblackstudenttostudythere.As

aformerNASAintern,sheiswellonherwaytoachievingherdreams.

Alena'smotherisnotsurprised,claimingthatherdaughterhasalwaysbeen

exceptional.^Fromchildhood,Alenawasgifted,??DaphneMcQuarter,Alena，smother,

says."Itwasjusthowshedidthingsandhowadvancedshewas.Shewasreadingchapter

books.”

McQuarterpulledherdaughterfromschool,andhomeschooledherduring

elementaryschool.EvenafterAlenareturnedtoschoolinfifthgrade,shecontinued

studyinghighschoolsubjectsonthebasisofacurriculum(课程)craftedbyher

mother.

“Iwasbored,“Alenaexplains."Thehighschoolworkwassoeasyformethat

IendedupgraduatingfromhighschoolwhenIwas12.Iloveschool,Ilovelearning,

andIlovereading.Ihaveahungeranddesiretolearn,andthat'sjustalwaysbeen

me.”

Aftergraduatingfromhighschoolatage12,Alenaenrolled（登记）intwoseparate

universities,earningdegreesinbiologicalsciencesfrombothArizonaState

UniversityandOakwoodUniversity.

And,whilestudyingfortheaccelerateddegrees,Alenatookthetimetoinspire

otherstofollowinherfootsteps.

AlenastartedTheBrownSTEMGirlFoundation,inmemoryofKatherineJohnson,

whohadbeenapioneeringAfrican-AmericanmathematicianatNASA.TheFoundation，s

goalis,toengage,empower,andeducategirlsofcolorinSTEM一Science,Technology,

Engineering,andMathematics”.

AlenapromotesherFoundationonFacebook."Itfeelsamazingtobeabletocreate

apathforgirlsthatlooklikeme,“Alenashared."Itdoesn，tmatterhowoldyou

are.Youcandoit.Don，tletanybodytellyouno.Iwouldsaytoanylittlegirlout

therethis:Nevergiveuponyourself,andneverletsomeonetellyouthatyoucan5t

dosomething.”

语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了女性AlenaWicker令人羡慕的学

历，以此来鼓励更多女性要相信自己，有所追求。

1.WhatdoweknowaboutAlenawhenshewasinelementaryschool?C

A.Shedislikedherschoolschedules.

B.Sheearnedhighscoresinallcourses.

C.Shewasmainlytaughtbyhermother.

D.Shelovedreadingnovelsinhersparetime.

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句^McQuarterpulledherdaughterfromschool,

andhomeschooledherduringelementaryschool.（在小学的时候，McQuarter把她的女

儿拉回家，在家进行教育。）”可知，小学的时候Alena妈妈主要教她学习。故选C。

2.WhichwordscanbestdescribeAlena'smother?D

A.Proudandhumorous.B.Giftedandconfident.

C.Strictandcommitted.D.Wiseandcreative.

解析：判断推理题。根据第三段（McQuarter把女儿拉回家，在家里教育她。即使在五

年级的时候Alena回到了学校，她也要继续学习她妈妈为她精心制作的高中课程。）可知，

妈妈是很明智的。因为女儿天赋极高，在小学里只会埋没她的天赋，因此接回家给予更多的

教育，妈妈也是有想象力和创造力的。故选D。

3.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A

A.Alena，seagernesstolearn.

B.Alena'smotivation.

C.Alena'slearningstyle.

D.Alena5sidentity.

解析：段落大意题。根据第四段最后一句"Ihaveahungeranddesiretolearn,and

that'sjustalwaysbeenme.（我一直渴望学习，我一直是这样的。）”可知，第四段主要

在讲Alena对学习的渴望。故选A。

4.WhydidAlenastartTheBrownSTEMGirlFoundation?B

A.Tostresstheimportanceofgirls'education.

B.Toencouragegirlsofcolortofollowtheirdreams.

C.TopersuadetheblacktohonorKatherineJohnson.

D.ToinspireteenagerstostudySTEMinuniversity.

解析:细节理解题。根据第七段最后一句（这个基金会的目的是“让有色人种女孩参与、

赋权和教育STEM——科学，技术、工程和数学”。）以及最后一段最后一句（我想对这些女

孩们说的是：永远不要放弃自己，永远不要让别人告诉你不能做某件事。）可知，这个基金

会的主要目的是教育那些有肤色的女孩们并帮助她们追求自己的梦想。故选Bo

II.完形填空

（2023•广东省广州市天河区二模）

Aged25,rdbeendrivinghomewhenmywheelshitapuddleandIlostcontrol.The

carflewthroughtheair,andwhenitlanded,mybodywassoakedinblood.

1.B,adriverstoppedtohelpmeandIwascutoutofmyvehicle.Looking

upintheambulance,Isawafamiliarface,"You2.Dusnotlongago,"I

saidtoDrStephenRashford,myformerteacher.Beforehecouldreply,Ibeganto

3.A:HowwouldIbecomeadoctornow?Seeingthefearinmyeyes,hetriedto4.C

me.^Everythingwillbeokay,“hesaid."Ifyouwanttogetbackto5.Cafter

this,you，11findaway.”

WhenIwasaloneinhospital,I6.Bcompletely."I’mcrippled（ft）!”I

cried,notingthemanytubescomingoutofme.

Aftereightmonthsinhospital,Iwentbackhome,having7.Bsomeupper

limb（上肢）functionandtheabilitytositupagain.ButIhadnomovementinmy

fingersandlegs.8.Aallthemisfortunes,overtime,Ibeganto9.Dwhat

hadhappenedtomeandIcouldstillenjoylife.

Astimepassed,academicsatuniversity10.Cme."Ifyouwanttocomeback,

nowisthetime,“onetoldme.However,returningtostudyafterfiveyearsaway

wasa11.D.

In2016,Ipassedmyexamsinuniversityandwaseventuallyoffereda12.D

atGoldCoastUniversityHospital.Icandoeverythingfromultrasounds（超声波）to

insertingcannulas（插管），butIknowthemost13.Bpartofbeingagooddoctor

ishavingaheart.Thepatientsnevershowedany14.Aabouthavingme,aperson

withwalkingdisability,astheirdoctor.Infact,amaninawheelchaireven

expressedhisconfidenceinme."YouunderstandwhatI'm15.C,"hesaid.

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在遭遇严重车祸后依旧没有放弃自己

当医生的梦想，并且为之努力，最终实现梦想，获得了病人们的信任。

1.A.ApparentlyB.Luckily

C.AccidentallyD.Actually

解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一个司机停下来帮助我，我被从车里救了

出来。根据前文“mybodywassoakedinblood”以及后文driverstoppedtohelpme,?

可知，作者发生了车祸，被一个司机救了下来，所以作者是幸运的。A.Apparently显而易

见地；B.Luckily幸运地;C.Accidentally偶然地；D.Actually实际地。故选B。

2.A.praisedB.cured

C.helpedD.lectured

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：你不久前给我们上过课。根据后文"myformer

teacher”可知，StephenRashford博士之前给作者上过课。A.praised赞扬；B.cured治

愈；C.helped帮助；D.lectured演讲，授课。故选D。

3.A.panicB.hesitate

C.regretD.shake

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还没来得及回答，我就开始慌了：现在我还怎么能

再当医生呢？根据后文“Seeingthefearinmyeyes”可知，作者的眼睛里流露出恐惧，

故作者表现出慌张的神情。A.panic恐慌；B.hesitate犹豫；C.regret后悔；D.shake摇晃。

故选Ao

4.A.cheatB.remind

C.comfortD.persuade

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到我眼中的恐惧，他试图安慰我。根据后文

“Everythingwillbeokay”可知，StephenRashford博士安慰作者，告诉作者一切都会

好的。A.cheat欺骗；B.remind提醒；C.comfort安慰；D.persuade说服。故选C。

5.A.workB.hospital

C.medicineD.life

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你想在这之后继续行医，你会有办法的。根据前

文“HowwouldIbecomeadoctornow?”可知，作者受伤严重，自己怀疑当不了医生了，

StephenRashford博士安慰作者，如果作者想在这之后继续行医（回到医学界），会有办法

的。A.work工作；B.hospital医院；C.medicine医学界、药；D.life生命。故选C。

6.A.brokeupB.brokedown

C.brokethroughD.brokeout

解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我一个人在医院时，我完全崩溃了。根据后文“I

cried,notingthemanytubescomingoutofme.可知，作者浑身插着管子，故感觉自

己完全崩溃了。A.brokeup分手，解散；B.brokedown崩溃；C.brokethrough突破；D.broke

out爆发。故选B。

7.A.renewedB.regained

C.performedD.improved

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在医院住了8个月后，我回到了家，上肢已经恢复了

一些功能，又能坐起来了。根据后文“tositupagain"可知，作者回家后上肢已经恢复

了一些功能。A.renewed更新；B.regained重新获得；C.performed表演；D.improved改善。

故选B。

8.A.DespiteB.Besides

C.WithD.Except

解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管有这么多不幸，随着时间的推移，我开始接受发

生在我身上的一切，我仍然可以享受生活。根据后文"Ibeganto9whathadhappened

tomeandIcouldstillenjoylife.”可知，前后构成转折关系，此处表示尽管有这么

多不幸，随着时间的推移，作者开始接受发生在身上的一切，仍然可以享受生活。A.Despite

尽管；B.Besides此外;C.With和；D.Except除...之外。故选A。

9.A.realiseB.value

C.forgetD.accept

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管有这么多不幸，随着时间的推移，我开始接受发

生在我身上的一切，我仍然可以享受生活。根据后文“Icouldstillenjoylife”可知，

作者接受了自己现在的状态。A.realise意识到，实现；B.value珍惜；C.forget忘记；

D.accept接受。故选D。

10.A.mentionedB.questioned

C.contactedD.encouraged

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，大学里的学者联系了我。根据后文

“'Ifyouwanttocomeback,nowisthetime,'onetoldme.“可知，是一所大

学联系了作者，告知作者如果想回到大学中，可以告诉他。A.mentioned提及；B.questioned

质疑;C.contacted联系；D.encouraged鼓励。故选C。

11.A.chanceB.mission

C.blessingD.challenge

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，离开五年后重返校园是一个挑战。根据前文“But

Ihadnomovementinmyfingersandlegs.”可知，虽然作者从事故中恢复，但是手指

和腿都不能动，所以对作者来说重返校园是一个挑战。A.chance机会；B.mission任务，使

命；C.blessing祝福；D.challenge挑战。故选D。

12.A.positionB.treatment

C.courseD.scholarship

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年，我通过了大学考试，最终获得了黄金海岸

大学医院的奖学金。根据前文“Ipassedmyexamsinuniversity”可知，作者通过了大

学考试，最终获得了黄金海岸大学医院的奖学金。A.position位置；B.treatment治疗，对

待；C.course过程，课程；D.scholarship奖学金。故选D。

13.A.usefulB.important

C.demandingD.relevant

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我知道成为一名好医生最重要的部分是有信心。

根据后文“havingaheart”可知，成为医生最重要的一部分是有信心。A.useful有用的；

B.important重要的；C.demanding苛刻的；D.relevant相关的。故选B。

14.A.distrustB.impatience

C.disrespectD.impoliteness

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：病人们从来没有对我这样一个有行走障碍的人做他们

的医生表现出任何不信任。根据后文“Infact,amaninawheelchairevenexpressedhis

confidenceinme.”可知，事实上，一个坐轮椅的人甚至对作者表达了他的信心，由此可

知没有病人对作者这样一个有行走障碍的人做他们的医生表现出任何不信任。A.distrust

不信任；B.impatience不耐烦；C.disrespect不尊敬；D.impoliteness不礼貌。故选A。

15.A.doingB.seeking

C.undergoingD.expecting

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你明白我现在的处境，”他说。根据前文"Infact,

amaninawheelchairevenexpressedhisconfidenceinme.“可知，一个坐轮椅的人

与作者同样的状况，故能够理解作者的处境（所经历的不幸）。A.doing做；B.seeking寻找；

C.undergoing经历；D.expecting预计,期待。故选C。

III.语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

（2023•河北正定中学月考）

Tospecificallyreachmiddle-schoolgirlstoinspirethemtoseekaftercareers

inscience,technology,engineeringandmathematics,AAAS(美国科学促进会)

1.teamed(team)withLydaHillPhilanthropiesin2019toorganizetheAAASIF/THEN®

Ambassadorsprogram.Thatyear,125womenwhousedtheirSTEMeducationinfields

2.ranging(range)frombusinesstoacademiatosportswereselectedtobe

3.attractive(attract)rolemodelstogirls.Sincethen,theambassadorshave

connectedwithgirlsinpersonandonscreentostressreal-worldapplicationsof

STEMskillsandchangetheideaof4.whoisascientist.

Ambassadorshavealsoconnectedwithgirlsdirectlyin5.avarietyof

creativeways.Theyhavetakenpartinareverse-mentoring(反向职业辅导)project.To

celebrateNationalSTEAMDayin2020,someambassadorsmet6.actually(actual)

withmiddleandhigh-schoolgirlstolearnfromthemhowbesttouseTikTok7.to

share(share)theirscientificintereststhroughshortvideos.

Thefuturescientiststhattheambassadorsaimtoinspireagr