2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷及答案解析

2022-2023学年湖南省岳阳市高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷

一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，共30.0分)

A

WheretheWildThingsare

Durban,agreatall-rounddestinationinSouthAfricanshometosomeofSouthAfrica'smostdiverse

wildlife.Thereyoucanseeanimpressivearrayofwildanimalsintheflesh,fromlions,leopardsand

elephantstoendangeredspecies.DurbanKZNisnowjustadirectBritishAirwaysflightaway—takea

lookatsomeofitsmostunforgettablewildlifeexperiences.

Hluhluwe-iMfoloziPark

StartnorthofDurbanatoneofSouthAfrica,smostcelebratednationalparks.Hluhluwe-iMfolozi

reallycomesaliveduringthewintermonths,whenmanyanimalsCOngregate(聚集)atthewater

sources.BoththeBlackuMfbloziandWhiteuMfoloziriversflowthroughhere,andit'syourbestchanceto

seetheBigFiveallinoneplacelions,leopards,elephants,buffaloandrhinos,bothblackandwhite.

GuidedmorningwalkscanbebookedaheadforanastonishinglyreasonableE12-fl5.

KosiBay

Itisanappealingcomplexofcoastallakesandanestuary(Ml≡l)withapeaceful,unspoiled

atmosphere.Thelakesysteminparticularishometoawiderangeofcreatures,suchashippos,flamingos,

crocodilesandZambezisharks(commonbullsharks).You'llalsofindmorethan250birdspecies

here,includingtherarepalm-nutvultures.

SodwanaBay

Thethree-mileMgobozeleniTrailinSodwanaBaypresentsexcellentopportunitiesforbirdwatching,

takingyouthroughpicturesquecoastalforestandgrassland.Deep-seafishingisalsopopularhere,butto

reallymakethemostofSodwanayouhavetotrytheSnorkeIIing(带呼吸管:替水).Comeoutsideofthe

summerholidaystoavoidtherushandyou,llberewardedwithenchanting,technicolourundersealife.

uMkhuzeGameReserve

Atthispoint,youmightbethinking,',Well,thisisallwellandgood,butwherearethehyenas?"That

itchcanbe(metaphorically)scratchedatuMkhuze,wherethescreechingbeastscongregateinthedense

scrubland,alongwithrhinosandelephants.Thisreserveisalsohometomorethan400birdspecies.Again,

guidedwalkscanbebookedinadvancefor£10.

1.BirdsarepointedoutintheplacesEXCEPT.

A.Hluhluwe-iMfoloziParkB.KosiBay

C.SodwanaBayD.uMkhuzeGameReserve

2.IftouristswanttovisitSodwanaBay,whichseasonissaidtobeavoided?

A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Fall.D.Winter.

3.GuidedwalksinuMkhuzeGameReserveisworth.

A.£12B,£13C.£15D.£10

B

Fiveyearsago,AbhayandagroupofhisGradelOclassmatesatSeaquamSecondarySchoolinBritish

Columbia,Canada,madetheirfirstvideocalltotheArctic.OntheotherendofthelinewasAbhay,s

23-year-oldbrother,Sukhmeet,avolunteerteachingassistantandhisclassatEastThreeSecondaryin

Inuvik,North-WestTerritories.

Theconversationstartedwithtypicalteensmalltalk.Butastheteensgrewmorecomfortable,the

chatturnedserious.StudentsinInuvikdetailedthelegacyorproblemofresidentialschoolsfornative

studentsontheirfamilies,includingstoriesofsocialproblemsandalcoholabuse.Seaquamkidsshared

howtheyfelthelplesstodoanythingaboutthethecatposedbytheclimatecrisis.

Afterbothgroupssaidtheirgoodbyes,thebrothershadanidea:whatiftheconversation,meantto

expandthestudents*perspectivesaboutlifeoutsidetheirhometowns,didn'thavetoend?Students,they

figured,couldcontinuetobenefitfrombridginggeographicalandculturaldifferences.Theycalledtheir

organizationBreakTheDivide.Today,itfacilitatesconversationsandcoordinatescommunityaction

betweenyouthallovertheworld."Itallstartswithempathy,"Abhaysays.

ThestudentsatSeaquamusedsocialmediatospreadthewordabouttheirmissiontocreate

eye-openingconversations,andBreakTheDividehelpedthemtostarttheirownchapters,providing

resources.Individualchaptersareencouragedtoconnectwitheachotherbasedoncommonbig-topic

interests,suchasmentalhealth,truthandreconciliationactions,andclimatechange.Therearenowover

twodozenBreakTheDividechapterslocatedacrossCanadaaswellasatschoolsinChina,Cambodia,

SouthAfricaandBolivia.

Hundredsofconversationslater,thebrothersarestilloptimisticthatthecoreprincipleofBreakThe

Divideempathycanplayacentralroleinhowyouthtackletheissuesthatmattermosttothem.πIhopethat

Wecanbepartofcreatingaworldwherewearealllisteningtoeachother,"saysAbhay."Listeningwithan

intenttolearnandtochange."

4.WhatcanweIeamfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Thetwobrothershavetaughtinthesamecityforfiveyears.

B.Thetwobrothersoftenmakevideocallsinsteadofchildren.

C.Teensfrombothsideshadafriendlyanddeepconversation.

D.Theconversationwasonlyconcernedwithtypicalteensmalltalk.

5.WhydidthetwobrotherscalltheorganizationBreaktheDivide?

A.Studentsaskedthemtodoso.

B.Theywantedtoexpresssympathy.

C.BreaktheDivideinvitedthemtoexpandthestudents,perspectives.

D.Studentscouldcontinuetobenefitfromsuchinteractionhopefully.

6.WhoisBreaktheDividetargetedat?

A.TeachersinCanada.

B.FamilieslivinginAmericancountries.

C.Teensinɪnuvik.

D.Theyoutharoundtheworld.

7.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Magazine.B.Scientificpaper.

C.Touristguide.D.Autobiography.

C

AlbertoConejohasnotlivedinChinalong,buthiscontributionsarestronglyfeltnotonlyintheareain

whichheworksasanexpert,butalsointheconstructionofamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyworldasa

whole.

Oneofthebiggestproblemsfacinghumanityhastodowithcarbondioxideemissions.Inthissense,

Conejohasmadeimportantcontributionsthroughhisresearchtoreduceenergyconsumptioninsteel

productionbyusingfoamyslag（熔渣）asaninsulator（绝缘体）inelectricarcfurnaces（电引R炉）.Asthe

steelindustryistheonethatemitsthelargestamountofcarbondioxideemissionsintheworld一around7

percentnTheworkIdidfocusedonOPtimiZingtheuseofelectricalenergyandminimizeenergylosses,',

hesaid.

Conejoisnotjustanyman.Hisdedicationandworkhaveearnedhimimportantrecognition,butthese

achievementshavenotbeenwithoutsacrifices."DuringthattimewetraveledtomanypartsofChina;we

wenttoremotevillages,climbedmountains,crossedriversandlakes,andvisitedoldtownsandmuseums,',

herecalled.

AlthoughMexico,'hadalmosteverything,"therewassomethingmissing.Forthisreason,whenthe

SchoolofMetallurgicalandEcologicalEngineeringattheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyBeijing

（USTB）offeredhimapositionasaresearcherandprofessorunderasix-yearcontract,theMexicandidnot

hesitatetotaketheflight.

TheseeffortsledhimtobeawardedtheChineseGovernmentFriendshipAwardonSeptember30last

year,thehighestdistinctionforforeignerswhohavemadeoutstandingcontributionstothecauseofthe

country'smodernization,reformandopeningup.Althoughheisawareofhisachievements,Conejodoes

nothesitatetosaythatthisisalsotheresultofsharedteamwork.nTheonlything1cansayisthatthereare

noindividualachievements,buttheresultsofacollectiveeffortbecauseineverythingWedoWeuse

previouslydevelopedknowledge."

8.WhatisthepurposeofConejo'sresearch?

A.Tominimizeenergylossesinelectricityindustry.

B.TomaximizetheprofitofsteelindustryinMexico.

C.TopromoteindustrialcollaborationbetweenChinaandMexico.

D.Tocutdownenergyconsumptioninsteelproduction.

9.Whatdotheunderlinedword"optimize"meaninparagraph2.

A.Paycloseattentionto.B.lookoutfor.

C.Makethebestof.D.Giveriseto.

10.WhatcanbeinferredfromConejo'swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Individualdedicationhasnothingtodowithhisachievements.

B.Theteam'sjointeffortcontributestotheiraccomplishments.

C.Ifonlytheyusepreviouslydevelopedknowledgetheymustmakeachievements.

D.Individualachievementsplayasignificantroleinhiscareer.

11.What'sthebesttitleofthisarticle?

A.ChineseGovernmentFriendshipAward-thehighestdistinctionforforeigners.

B.Award-WinningMexican-low-carbonsteelmakingprofessor.

C.CarbonDioxideEmissions-oneofthebiggestproblems.

D.CollectiveEffort-keytooutstandingcontributions.

D

Teachingartificialintelligencetounderstandsimplephysicsconcepts,suchasthatonesolidobjectcan,t

occupythesamespaceasanother,couldleadtomorecapablesoftwarethattakeslesscomputational

resourcestotrain,sayresearchersatDeepMind.

Now,LuisPilotoatDeepMindandhiscolleagueshavecreatedanAIcalledPhysicsLearning

throughAuto-encodingandTrackingObjects(PLATO)thatisdesignedtounderstandthatthephysical

worldiscomposedofobjectsthatfollowbasicphysicallaws.

TheresearcherstrainedPLATOtoidentifyobjectsandtheirinteractionsbyusingSimUIated(模拟的)

videosofobjectsmovingaswewouldexpect,suchasballsfallingtotheground,rollingbehindeachother

andbouncingoffeachother.TheyalsogavePLATOdatashowingwhichPiXelS(像素)ineveryframeor

photobelongedtoeachobject.TotestPLATO,sabilitytounderstandfivephysicalconcepts,suchas

solidity,persistence(thatanobjectdoesn'ttendtovanish)andunchangingness(thatanobjecttendsto

retainfeatureslikeshapeandcolour),theresearchersusedanotherseriesofsimulatedvideos.Some

showedobjectsobeyingthelawsofphysics,whileothersdepictedridiculousactions.TheytaskedPLATO

topredictwhatwouldhappennextineachvideo,andfoundthatitspredictionswerereliablywrongfor

nonsensicalvideos,butusuallycorrectforlogicalones,suggestingtheAlhasanintuitive(直觉的)

knowledgeofphysics.

PilotosaystheresultsshowthataneccentricviewoftheworldcouldgiveanAlamoregeneralized

andadaptablesetofabilities."Ifyouconsider,forinstance,allthedifferentscenesthatanapplemightbe

in,"hesays.nYoudon'thavetoIeamaboutanappleonatree,versusanappleinyourkitchen,versusan

appleinthegarbage.Whenyoukindofseparatetheappleasitsownthing,you,reinabetterpositionto

generalizehowitbehavesinnewsystems,innewcontexts.Itprovideslearningefficiency."

nThisissomewhatliketeachingakidwhatacarisbyfirstteachingthemwhatwheelsandseatsare,"

ChenFengatNewYorkUniversitysays."Thebenefitofusingobjectcentricrepresentation,insteadof

rawvisualinputs,makesAllearnintuitivephysicalconceptswithbetterdataefficiency."

12.WhywasPLATOcreated?

A.TohelpAIprocessmoredata.

B.ToteachAIresearchershowtousesimplephysicsknowledge.

C.ToenableAItocomprehendsimplephysicsconcepts.

D.Tohaveobjectsfollowbasicphysicallaws.

13.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Thepurposeoftheresearch.

B.Theparticipantsoftheresearch.

C.Theobjectsoftheresearch.

D.Theprocessoftheresearch.

14.What'sthefunctionoftheexampleinparagraphfour?

A.Clarifyaconcept.B.Providetheoreticalbasis.

C.Attractreaders'attention.D.Introduceascene.

15.WhichwordcanbestdescribetheattitudeoftheauthortowardsPLATO?

A.Unconcerned.B.Critical.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)

Aprilisthecruel-lestmonth...OrsosaidgloomypoetTSEliotinhislongpoem,TheWasteland.Itseems

hewasn,twrong.SAD(Seasona)AffectiveDisorder)-otherwiseknownasthe"winterblues"-isawell

knowncondition.But,surprisingly,somepeoplefeelmoredepressedinspringandsummerthanatother

timesoftheyear.Thedaysgettingwarmerandlonger,andthefactthatspringflowersandblossom

representnewbeginningsforsomepeople,justmakethespringbluesworseforothers.⑴

WhatCausesReverseSad?

Becauseit,snotwellunderstoodoroftenspotted,it'shardtopindownthereasonsforfeelingdown

wheneveryoneelseseemstobefullofthejoysofspringtime.WithwinterSAD,lesssunlightisthoughtto

disruptthebody'sinternalclockandbringondepression.(2)Youmightalsobetemptedtostayuplater,

throwingoutyourbodyclock.

HowDoYouRecognizeIt?

(3)Doyoulovethecoldandfeelmuchmoreenergizedatthattimeofyear,whilespringmakesyou

feelmuchlesspositive?Again,thiscouldbereverseSAD.Anditsometimesrunsinfamilies,solook

aroundatyournearestanddearestandnotehowtheyfeelabouttheadventofwarmer,brighterdays.

(4)

Exercisecanworkwonders.Astudyfoundthattenweeksofstandardexercisewas20percentmore

effectivethanmedication.Andgetplentyofsleep.Trytogetupatthesametimeeveryday,evenifyou

haven'tsleptwell.⑸

A.CanExerciseHelpOvercomeReverseSad?

B.CanYouShakeofftheSpringBlues?

C.Thisphenomenonissometimescalled"reversesadπ.

D.Thespringbluesmayhaveanegativeeffectonpeople.

E.LiketraditionalSAD,springdepressioncomesbackatthesametimeeveryyear.

F.Butifyourdepressionshowsnosignoflifting,seeyourdoctor.

G.ReverseSAD,ontheotherhand,mightbecausedbytoomuchsunlight.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共22.5分)

CruzGenet,11,andAnthonySkop-ick,10,couldn,tagree.Werethebirdsoutontheiceducksorgeese?

Soona(21)Januaryeveninglastyear,thetwofriendsventuredontothe(22)pondneartheirhomes,

togetabetterlook.Firsttheytossedarockontotheiceto(23)it.Thentheysteppedonit.(24)theice

wouldholdtheirweight,Anthonytookafewsteps,then...FOOMP.Hecrashedthroughthe(25)frozen

surface.nTherewasnosound,nocrack,"herecalled.,'Ijustfellthroughinstantly.0Cruz(26)tohelp

hispanickedfriend.FOOMP一he(27)intothepondtoo.

Theboyswereuptotheirnecksinicywaterandquicklylosingfeelingintheirlimbs.Any

chanceoftheir(28)themselveswasslippingaway.Cruzwassurehewasgoingtodie.Anthony's

oldersisterhadseentheboysfallthroughtheiceandstartedscreamingforhelp.

JohnLavin,a(29)drivingnearbyonhiswaytothegrocerystore,heardher.He

quickly(30).Seeingtheboys,hegrabbedanearbybuoy(救生圈)，(31)offhisshoes,andran

intotheSIUShy(融雪的)water,choppinghiswaythroughtheicewithhisfree(32).

LavinmadehiswaytoCruzandAnthonyandhauled(拉)thembacktoland.Theyweretakento

thehospital,wheredoctorsdiscoveredthattheirfive-minute(33)inthewaterhadloweredtheir

body(34)nearlytendegrees.

Fortunately,theboyshavefullyrecovered,thoughtheyarestillalittleawestruckby

their(35)neighbour."Justtothink,"saysCruz,"ifhewasn'tthere,Icouldhavedied."

21.A.beautifulB.coldC.quietD.dark

22.A.bigB.shallowC.muddyD.frozen

23.A.breakB.testC.dropD.abandon

24.A.ConvincedB.InformedC.WarnedD.Engaged

25.A.quicklyB.seeminglyC.simplyD.normally

26.A.rushedB.managedC.decidedD.moved

27.A.dominatedB.occupiedC.floatedD.sank

28.A.exportingB.freeingC.recoveringD.spotting

29.A.seamanB.policeC.neighbourD.relative

30.A.pulledoverB.wentthroughC.tookonD.madeup

31.A.putB.gotC.hurriedD.kicked

32.A.footB.mouthC.fistD.leg

33.A.stayB.attemptC.battleD.performance

34.A.positionB.weightC.temperatureD.mass

35.A.gracefulB.demandingC.fearlessD.honest

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15・0分)

36.WithlightsfadingoutattheNeilsonStudioofSydneyDanceCompany,18-year-oldAustralian

contemporarydancerXanthe,togetherwithdozensofherpeers,⑴(quiet)walkedonthecenter

stage,readytoshowcasethefruitsoftheirChinesemartialartstraining.Afterspendingfiveweeks

absorbingHungKuenandWhiteCraneelementsfromtheirHongKongteachers,theyoung

performerswowedtheaudiencewithfreshChOreograPhy(编舞)⑵melded(融合)Chinesemartial

artsandWesterncontemporarydanceonTuesdaynight.

Formostofthem,participatingintheculturalexchangeevent⑶(associate)withHong

KongDanceCompany1S2onlinedanceproduction''Convergence-ujourneyofChinesedanceand

martialarts"wastheirfirststeptolearningaboutChinaand⑷(it)uniqueculturefromafar.

Havingbeenpracticingcontemporarydanceforabout12years,XanthedescribedtheChinesemartial

arts⑸"anewlanguagetoourbodies.'1

⑹(see)theHongKong-Sydneydancecollaborationfromideatofruition,LindaGamblin,

headoftrainingatSydneyDanceCompany,saidthatsheiskeentohelpAustraliandancers

find⑺internalpositionofunderstandingtheirmovementsthroughthisculturalexchangeproject.

"IfindwithsomeofourtrainingintheWest,wemaybestrivingforperfection,andmissingouton

theunderstandingabouttheself,πsaidGamblin,alsoaballetdancerwhoonce

wanted⑻(perform)inmanyChinesecities.

AccordingtotheHongKongEconomicandTradeOfficeinSydney,theeventispartof

the⑼(celebrate)ofthe25thanniversaryofHongKong,sreturntothemotherland,aimingat

bondingvariousculturesanddanceforms(IO)boostinginternationalculturalexchange.

(1)

(2)

⑶

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、任务型读写(本大题共1小题，共25.0分)

37.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Catherinewasthecoolestkidinherclass.Whenevershewent,shewasinthespotlight,witha

bunchofkidsfollowingheranddoingeverythingshedid.

Herdeskmate,Landy,however,wasnotinthecoolkids,group.Beingthetallestkidinherclass,

shewasteasedbyherclassmates,whowerealwayschanting"Landy,Landy,longasspaghetti(意大

利面)”.EverytimeLandyheardthosesillychants,shecouldfeelherfaceburstintoflames.God

knewhowshewishedthegroundtocrackandswallowher!

Catherinedidn'treallylikeitwhenthekidschanted"Landy,Landy,longasspaghetti1'.Butshe

nevertoldthemtostopeither,andnordidsheevertalktoher.Shelikedbeingpopular.

Oneweekend,CatherinewentovertohergrandfatherforThanksgiving.Hergrandfatherlives

onafarmattheoppositeendoftown,wherehekeepschickens.Whilehelpingtofeedthechickens,

Catherinenoticedapeculiarone.Curlinginthecorner,itlookedsmallerthantheothersandwas

almosthalf-bare!

,'What,sthematterwithit?"Sheaskedhergrandfather,withapuzzledfrownonherface.Her

grandfathertoldherhowchickenscouldact."TheyhaveaPeCking(啄)order,"heexplained,wrinkles

ofconcernspreadingaroundhisforehead.nIfonechickenisdifferent,theotherswillpushitaway

andkeeppeckingit.Sometimestheypeckitsomuchthatitdies."

"Oh,whatapoorlittlething!1'CatherineletoutasighassheSCOOPed(捧起)thefrightenedchicken

upinherarms,whoseheartwasbeatingfastinthebonylittlebody.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Suddenly,shethoughtofIMiidy9thegirlbeing"peeked"byherclassmates.

ButCatherinewalkeddirectlytowardLandy,regardlessofwhattheysaid.

六、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共25.()分)

38.假设你是中学生李华，在英国学习，担任学校中国语言与文化社社长。近期，校学生会

发布了举办“国际文化节”的通知，参加活动会有一个摊位进行宣传，请写一封邮件申请一

个摊位。内容包括：

1.你的摊位名称：中国茶艺展；

2.具体活动安排。

注意：

1.词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数：

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：摊位booth

DearStudentUnion,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、B、D

【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了南非全方位的旅游胜地一一Durban。

1.根据KosiBay部分中的You'llalsofindmorethan250birdspecieshere,includingtherarepalm-nut

vultures.（你还可以在这里找到250多种鸟类，包括罕见的棕桐秃鹫。）；以及SOdWallaBay部

分中的Thethree-mileMgobozeleniTrailinSodwanaBaypresentsexcellentopportunitiesforbird

watching,takingyouthroughpicturesquecoastalforestandgrassland.（索瓦纳湾三英里长的

MgoboZeleni步道为观鸟提供了绝佳的机会，带您穿过风景如画的沿海森林和草原。）；以及

uMkhuzeGameReserve部分中的Thisreserveisalsohometomorethan400birdspecies.（这个保护

区也是400多种鸟类的家园。）可知，只有在Hluhluwe-iMfoloziPark部分中anditsyourbestchance

toseetheBigFiveallinoneplacelions,leopards,elephants,buffaloandrhinos,bothblackandwhite.（这

是你在一个地方看到五大动物的最佳机会：狮子、豹子、大象、水牛和犀牛，无论是黑色的还是

白色的。）中，没有提及鸟类。故选A。

2.根据SodwanaBay部分中的Comeoutsideofthesummerholidaystoavoidtherushandyou'11be

rewardedwithenchanting,technicolourundersealife.（暑假结束后，你可以避开拥挤的人群，享受迷

人的、多彩的海底生活。），可知，如果要来SOdWanaBay度假，应该避开夏天，则可以享受迷

人的多彩的海底生活。故选B。

3.根据uMkhuzeGameReserve部分中的Again,guidedwalkscanbebookedinadvancefor£10.（同

样，有导游的徒步旅行可以提前预订，费用为10英镑。）可知，在UMkhUZeGameReSerVe有导

游的徒步旅行价值10英镑。故选D。

4〜7.【答案】C、D、D、A

【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Abhay兄弟创建的一个名为"BreaktheDivide"

的组织。该组织为全世界的青年积极互动交流提供了一个优秀的平台。

1.根据第二段中的Theconversationstartedwithtypicalteensmalltalk.Butastheteensgrewmore

comfortable,thechaiturnedSerioUS.（谈话开始于典型的青少年寒暄。但随着孩子们彼此逐渐变得熟

悉，谈话变得严肃起来。）可知，通过视频电话交流的孩子们，一开始只是相互寒暄，而后谈论

的话题逐渐变得严肃，涉及到很多重大的社会及环境问题，故选C。

2.根据第三段中的whatiftheconversation,meanttoexpandthestudents,perspectivesaboutlife

outsidetheirhometowns,didn'thavetoend?Students,theyfigured,couldcontinuetobenefitfrom

bridginggeographicalandculturaldifferences（如果这场旨在扩大学生们对家乡外广阔世界的看法的

对话不必结束呢？他们认为，学生可以继续从弥合地理和文化差异中受益）可知，Abhay兄弟把

这个组织叫做BreaktheDivide,因为孩子们可以从这样的互动中开阔视野，增长对外界的了解，

因而从中受益良多，故选D。

3,根据第三段中的Today,itfacilitatesconversationsandcoordinatescommunityactionbetweenyouth

allOvertheworkU今天，它促进了全世界青年之间的对话和协调社区行动。）可知，BreaktheDivide

组织目标群体是全世界的青年，故选D。

4.根据最后一段中的Hundredsofconversationslater,thebrothersarestilloptimisticthatIhecore

principleofBreakTheDivideempathycanplayacentralroleinhowyouthtackleIheissuesthatmatter

mosttothem.（在数百次谈话之后，兄弟俩仍然乐观地认为，"BreaktheDivide"的核心原则同理

心可以在年轻人解决对他们来说最重要的问题上发挥核心作用。）可知，这篇文章描述"Breakthe

DiVide”组织帮助年轻人解答人生困惑，应该摘自内容丰富多彩的杂志，而非旅游指南、自传或

者科学论文，故选A。

8~11.【答案】DxCsBxB

【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍AlbertOCOnej。的研究发现使得钢铁生产

中的能源消耗减少，进而减少了碳排放。因为他的贡献，去年9月被授予中国政府友谊奖。

1.根据第二段中的Inthissense,Conejohasmadeimportantcontributionsthroughhisresearchtoreduce

energyconsumptioninsteelproductionbyusingfoamyslag（熔渣）asaninsulator（绝缘体）inelectricarc

furnaces（电弧炉）.（从这个意义上讲，COnej。通过在电弧炉中使用泡沫渣作为绝缘体来降低钢铁生

产中的能源消耗的研究做出了重要贡献。）可知，COnej。研究的目的是降低钢铁生产中能源的消

耗。故选D。

2.根据上题分析可知，Conej。研究的目的是降低钢铁生产中能源的消耗。由此可知，他所做的工

作集中在充分利用电能以及最大限度减少能源损失。因此。PtimiZe译为“充分利用”。故选C。

3.根据最后一段中的Theonlythingɪcansayisthattherearenoindividualachievements,buttheresults

ofacollectiveeffortbecauseineverythingwedoweusepreviouslydevelopedknowledge.（我唯——能说

的是，没有个人的成就,而是集体努力的结果，因为我们做的每一件事都使用了以前开发的知识。）

推知，COnejo的话表明团队的共同努力有助于他们取得成就。故选B。

4.根据第一段内容（AIbertoCOnej。在中国生活的时间并不长，但他的贡献不仅体现在他作为专家

的工作领域，还体现在他为建设一个更环保的世界所做的贡献上。）及第二段中的InthiSSense,

Conejohasmadeimportantcontributionsthroughhisresearchtoreduceenergyconsumptioninsteel

productionbyusingfoamyslag（熔渣）asaninsulator（绝缘体）inelectricarcfumaces（电弧炉）.（从这

个意义上讲，Conejo通过在电弧炉中使用泡沫渣作为绝缘体来降低钢铁生产中的能源消耗的研究

做出了重要贡献。）以及最后一段中的TheSeeffortsledhimtobeawardedtheChineseGovernment

FriendshipAwardonSeptember30lastyear,thehighestdistinctionforforeignerswhohavemade

outstandingcontributionstothecauseofthecountry'smodernization,reformandopeningup.（这些努力

使他于去年9月30日被授予中国政府友谊奖，这是授予为中国现代化建设和改革开放事业做出杰

出贡献的外国人的最高荣誉。）可知，文章主要介绍AIbertOCOnejo的研究发现使得钢铁生产中

的能源消耗减少，进而减少了碳排放。因为他的贡献，去年9月被授予中国政府友谊奖。因此B

项（屡获殊荣的墨西哥低碳炼钢教授）可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B。

12~15.【答案】CsDvAxC

【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了教会人工智能理解基本的物理概念，使之拥

有人一样的直觉感知，有利于研制出占用更少计算资源的、功能更为强大的软件。

1.根据第二段内容（现在，DeePMind的LUiSPilOtO和他的同事们已经研制出了一个称之为“通

过自动解码并追踪物体进行物理学习的人工智能设备（简称PLATC））”，这个设备设计的目的

在于使人工智能理解物理世界是由遵循基本物理规则的物体组成。）可知，制造PLATo的目的

是为了教会人工智能理解基本的物理概念。故选C。

2.根据第三段第一句TheresearcherstrainedPLATOtoidentifyobjectsandtheirinteractionsbyusing

SimUIated（模拟的）videosofobjectsmovingaswewouldexpect,suchasballsfallingtotheground,

rollingbehindeachotherandbouncingoffeachother.（研究人员通过使用模拟物体运动的视频训练

PLATO识别物体以及物体之间的互相影响。物体的这些运动形式符合我们的想象，比如球会掉

到地上，滚到其他球的后面并互相碰撞。）以及本段最后一句TheytaSkedPLATOtOPrediCtWhat

wouldhappennextineachvideo,andfoundthatitspredictionswerereliablywrongfornonsensical

videos,butusuallycorrectforlogicalones,suggestingtheAlhasanintuitive（直觉的）knowledgeof

PhySiCS.（他们给PLATO设置任务预测每一个视频接下来会发生什么。他们发现人工智能对于无

意义