2021新高考英语人教版一轮复习学案第一编选修6Unit4Globalwarming

Unit4Globalwarming晨背分钟填词并背记RefreshOurEnvironmentAsthedirectorstatedon_behalf_ofhisresearchinggroup,thedataofthisgraphmakesaclearpresentationofthefutureenvironmentaltendency.Ononehand,thequantityoffuelkeeps_ondecreasingby9%peryearwhilethegrowthofawiderangeofpollutionhasbeenaglobaltrend.Ontheotherhand,themildlybutsteadilygoing_upoftheaveragetemperatureisresulting_incatastropheslikewidespreadfloods.Withoutdisagreement,_theysubscribe_totheviewthatitishumans'existenceandtheirrandomlyconsumingenergythatresultinthisphenomenon.Manypeoplehaveamitmentthatdevelopingnuclearpowerorenergyfromouterspacewillstopbadconsequencesing_about.However,scientistsandeducatorsare_opposed_tothisvieweven_ifourneedsmaybemeton_the_whole.Theytend_toadvocaterefreshingourcircumstancesbysavingenergyandrecyclingwaste.Itissuggestedthatweuseenergy­savingappliancessuchaselectrical_motors,_microwavesand_so_onandnotbecasualaboutlittlethingslikerecyclingacan.Sopleaseglancearoundandseewhatyoucando.So_long_aseverybodymakescontributions,_wewillnothavetoput_up_withthisproblemanymore.恢复环境生机正如那位主任代表他的研究小组所说明的那样，这张图表的数据清楚地描述了未来环境的趋势：一方面，燃料的数量以每年9%的速度持续减少，同时，大范围污染的增长已经成为一种全球趋势；另一方面，平均气温轻微却稳定地升高正在造成像广泛的洪涝那样的灾难。无不同意地，他们一致赞成是人类的存在和任意的消耗能源才造成了这一现象。许多人都信奉开发核能和外太空能源会防止糟糕的后果发生的理论。然而，即使这样可以基本上满足我们的需要，科学家和教育家们仍然反对这一观点。他们更倾向于拥护用节省能源和回收废料的方法恢复环境生机，并建议我们要使用节省能源的器具，如电力发动机、微波炉等，还建议我们不要对如回收罐子这种小事漫不经心。因此，请看看你身边是否有你能做的事，只要每个人都作出贡献，我们就不必再忍受这个问题的困扰了。1．consume(vt.)消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完→consumer(n.)消费者→consumption(2．phenomenon(n.)现象→phenomena(pl.)现象3．tend(vi.)趋向；易于；照顾(vt.)照顾；护理→tendency(4．mild(adj.)温和的；温柔的；淡的→mildly(adv.)温柔地；温和地5．consequence(n.)结果；后果；影响→consequent(adj.)随后发生的；作为结果的→consequently(adv.)因此；所以6．state(vt.)陈述；说明→statement(7．steady(adj.)平稳的；持续的；稳固的→steadily(adv.)平稳地；持续地8．existence(n.)生存；存在→exist(vi.)存在9．pollution(n.)污染；弄脏→pollute(vt10．growth(n.)增长；生长→grow(v.)生长；增长；渐渐变得11．electrical(adj.)电的；与电有关的→electricity(n.)电；电能12．contribution(n.)贡献→contribute(v.)贡献；投稿13．disagreement(n.)分歧；不一致→disagree(vi.)不同意；意见不合14．quantitiesof大量的重点知识分钟quantityn.量；数量(P26)单句语法填空①Alargequantityofmoney(collect)tohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods.②Inthefirstplace,vehiclessendlargequantitiesofpoisonousgaseswhich(be)amajorsourceofairpollution.③(quantity)offoodandtentsweresenttoearthquake­strickenareasfromShandong.④It'scheapertobuygoodsquantity.答案：①hasbeencollected②are③Quantities④inalarge/smallquantityof大量/少量的(large)quantitiesof大量的；许多的inquantity大量地[名师点津]aquantityof与quantitiesof这两个短语后均可接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式。“aquantityof＋名词”作主语时，其谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“quantitiesof＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词总是用复数形式。opposevt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量(P27)(1)单句语法填空①Muchtoouramazement,theycametoconclusionspletely(oppose)toours.②Manyoldmenareopposedto(cut)downthe100­year­oldtreeforrebuildingtheshoppingcentre.③Welivefurtherdowntheoppositesideoftheroad.答案：①opposite②cutting③on(2)单句写作——词汇升级高中生们坚决反对受到别人的不公正对待。a．普通表达：Theseniorstudentsbeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.b．高级表达：Theseniorstudentsstronglybeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.c．高级表达：Theseniorstudentsbeingtreatedunfairlybyothers.答案：a.arestronglyagainstb．objecttoc．arestronglyopposedto(1)oppose(doing)sth.反对(做)某事(2)opposedadj.反对的；对立的beopposed_to反对……(3)oppositeadj.相反的；对立的beopposite_to与……相反on_the_opposite_side_of在……对面(4)oppositeprep.在……对面A_is_opposite_B.A在B对面。[名师点津](1)oppose后跟表示动作的词作宾语时，动词要用动名词形式。beopposedto结构中，to是介词，其后也要用动词的­ing形式。(2)表示反对的其他表达：disagreewith,objectto,beagainst等。rangen.种类；范围；幅度；界限v.(在一定范围内)变动；排列(P27)(1)单句语法填空Theshowhadalargeaudience,(range)fromchildrentograndparents.答案：ranging(2)单句写作①旅馆的单人房间的价钱从每天20美元到50美元不等。Therateforasingleroomatthehotel20dollars50dollarsaday.②它们将介绍各种各样的写作风格，从诗歌到戏剧创作。Theywillincludeintroductionstowritingstyles,frompoetrytoplaywriting.③开始时，这种工作我没经验做不了，但是后来通过向队友学习，我做成了。Atfirst,thistypeofworkwasofexperience,butfinallyImadeitbylearningfrommyteammates.答案：①rangesfrom;to②awiderangeof③beyond/outofmyrange(1)awiderangeof...范围广泛的；各种各样的in/withinrangeofsth.在可及的范围内；在视觉/听觉范围内beyond/outofrangeofsth.超出……的范围；在视觉/听觉范围之外beyond/outofone'srange超出了某人能承受的范围(2)rangefrom...to...从……到……变动rangebetween...and...在……和……范围内变动glancevi.看一下；扫视n.一瞥(P27)(1)单句语法填空①She(glance)thiswayandthatandlookedverynervous.②Ionlyhadtimetoglancethenewspapers.答案：①glanced②at(2)单句写作看到它的瞬间，我就被敦煌壁画吸引了。，IwasattractedbythewallpaintingsofDunhuang.答案：Atfirstglance(1)glanceat/over/through扫视；浏览；匆匆看一遍glanceoff(光)从……反射回来(2)at_first_glance乍一看，最初看到时have/takeaglance(atsb./sth.)(朝某人/某物)一瞥；匆匆看一眼averageadj.平均的；普通的n.平均水平；平均数v.计算出……的平均数；平均为(P29)(1)单句语法填空①Anaveragejust18.75cmofrainfelllastyear,makingitthedriestyearsinceCaliforniabecameastatein1850.②Susiestudieshardandherschoolworkiswellaverage.答案：①of②above(2)单句写作平均来说，我每天花2小时读书。，Ispend2hoursreadingeveryday.答案：Onaverage(1)anaverageof平均有(后跟数词)(2)onaverage平均来看；平均above/belowaverage在平均水平以上/以下advocatevt.拥护；提倡；主张(P30)单句语法填空①Weadvocate(solve)internationaldisputesbynegotiations,insteadofappealingtoarms.②MrWilliamsisadietaryexpert,(advocate)moreexerciseandagooddietarethekeytoahealthylife.③Animalactivistsadvocatethatthegovernment(set)upaspecialorganizationtoprotectthesemigratingbirds.答案：①solving②advocating③(should)setadvocatesth.主张/提倡……advocatedoingsth.主张/提倡做某事advocatethat...主张……，从句有时用虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为“(should)＋动词原形”eabout发生，产生(P26)(1)用e相关短语的适当形式填空①Whentheexamresults，Jackleftasusual.②Thesubjectduringapre­dinnerdrinkwithourguests.③Ineverrememberhavingamanlikethat.④Tonyanewideaforincreasingsales.答案：①cameout②cameup③eacross④cameupwith(2)单句写作①我真不明白这么短的路程你怎么会迟到一个小时。I'llneverunderstandyouwereanhourlateonsuchashortjourney.②当谈及帮妻子做家务活这件事的时候，他从来不抱怨。Heneverplainshiswifewiththehousework.答案：①howitcameaboutthat②whenitestohelpingHowdiditeaboutthat...？……是怎样发生的？eacross偶遇eintobeing形成；产生；出现eintopower上台执政；当权eintoeffect生效eout出版；结果是eup被提及；发芽；(困难)出现eupwith提出；想出whenitesto...当谈到……时eon跟着来；[口]快点；加油eto总计；归纳为[名师点津]eabout,happen,takeplace和breakout这四个表示“发生”的词语，都是不及物动词(短语)，不可用于被动语态。resultin导致(P26)用result相关短语的适当形式填空①It'ssaidthathislamenessanaccident.②Theboominbuildinghasthelocallandbeingmorevaluablenowforhouses.③Allsingersareunited.，theirperformancewassuccessful.④yourcarelessness,thewholeprojectshouldbeputoffatleastonemonth.答案：①resultedfrom②resultedin③Asaresult④Asaresultofresultfrom起因于；由……造成as_a_result结果(作状语，常置于句首，并用逗号和后面句子隔开)as_a_result_of由于……的原因withoutresult没有结果；白费putupwith忍受；容忍(P30)用put相关短语的适当形式填空①Hedecidedthathewoulddrivebacktotowninsteadofforthenightatthehotel.②Maryisreallygoodattakingnotesinclass.Shecanalmosteverywordherteachersays.③I'mnotgoingtotheirsmokinganylonger.④Asuggestionhasbeenthatweshouldrecyclethetextbooks.⑤Wearetryingtosomemoneyeverymonthforourvacation.答案：①puttingup②putdown③putupwith④putforward⑤putaside[名师点津]表示“忍受；容忍”的词语还有：stand,tolerate,bear等。ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnot,turnitoff！(P30)用as...as相关短语的适当形式填空①Theseanimalstypicallylivebetweenthesurfaceoftheoceanandadepthofabout3,300feet—mostlightcan'treach.②Electricenergycanbechangedintolightenergyintosoundenergy.③Shetrainedhardfortherace,sometimesrunning60milesaweek.④Youcanborrowmycaryoupromisenottodrivetoofast.⑤Iamconcerned,Iamstronglyagainsttheplan.⑥Adistantrelativeisnotanearneighbour.答案：①asfaras②aswellas③asmanyas④aslongas⑤Asfaras⑥asgoodasas/solongas引导条件状语从句，相当于onconditionthat,providedthat或if(只要，如果)。此外，aslongas还可表示“与……一样长”。(1)asfaras一直到……；在……范围内；就……而言。(2)asmanyas“多达……”“达到……之多”，与可数名词复数连用。(3)asmuchas“多达……”“达到……之多”，与不可数名词连用。(4)assoonas“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。(5)aswellas也，还；除……之外还。(6)asgoodas和……一样好；几乎，差不多。课文语法填空分钟Thereisnodoubtthatitishumanactivity1hascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthan2randombutnaturalphenomenon.Allscientistssubscribe3theviewthattheincreaseintheearth'stemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuels.The“greenhouseeffect”begins4weaddhugequantitiesofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphereandmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmosphere5(cause)theglobaltemperaturetogoup.Theburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelshasresulted6theincreaseincarbondioxide.7，theattitudesofscientistsaredifferent.Somethinkthatthetrendwouldbeacatastrophe.Butsomeareopposedtothisview8theypredictthatanywarmingwillbemildwithfewbadenvironmental9(consequent).Eventhoughwehavetakensomemeasures,theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecades10centuries.1．2.3.4.5.6．7.8.9.10.答案：1.that2.a3.to4.when5.causing6.in7.However8.and9.consequences10.or▲itis/was...that...强调句式：①可强调除了谓语之外的任何成分；②当强调“人”时，用that或who均可；③判断依据为：将itis/was和that同时去掉，并适当调整语序，如果句意通顺、成分完整，即为强调句式，否则，则为其他句式。▲evenif＝eventhough引导让步状语从句，意为“即使；纵使”。让步状语从句还可用以下连接词引导：①用while引导让步状语从句需置于句首，意为“尽管；虽然”。②用whether...or...引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管/无论……还是……”。③用whatever,whoever,however,whenever,wherever等引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管/无论什么/谁/怎样/何时/哪里……”。④用as/though/although引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”。用as引导时，从句必须倒装；用though时，从句可倒装也可不倒装；用although时，从句不倒装。随堂检测分钟Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Ontheotherhand,thecostofeverythingfromhousingtoeducationhasrisen(steady)inrecentdecades.答案：steadily2．Theauthoritiesnolongersubscribetheviewthatdisabledpeopleareunsuitableasteachers.答案：to3．I'mnotopposedto(upload)ahundredpicturesatatimeofmyrecenttravelsintoalbumsonFacebook.答案：uploading4．Quantitiesofmoney(spend)inbringingupthechildrensincetheyweremarried.答案：havebeenspent5．Thewaterrecreationcentreprovidesavarietyofactivities,(range)fromswimmingtodiving.答案：ranging6．Pleasantmusicisoftenplayedbetweenclassestomakestudents(refresh)andrelaxedforawhile.答案：refreshed7．Populationagingisoneoftheworld'spopulationdevelopment(tend).答案：tendencies8．Hehadbeenillforalongtimeand(consequence)hewasbehindinhiswork.答案：consequently9．Weshoulddoourworkwelltomake(contribute)toourfuture,oursocietyandournation.答案：contributions10．Someexpertsthinkthatpollutionposesathreattothecontinued(exist)ofthisspecies.答案：existenceⅡ.教材微写作A．根据提示完成句子1．随着工业的发展，产生了越来越多的温室气体，地球在逐渐变暖。(greenhousegases)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Withthedevelopmentofindustry,moreandmoregreenhousegasesareproducedandtheearthisbeingwarmer.2．结果，海平面在上升，致使许多沿海城市和动物的栖息地处于危险中。(habitat)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Asaconsequence,thesealevelisrising,whichputsmanycoastalcitiesandanimalhabitatsindanger.3．全球变暖已经对人类和动物构成严峻的挑战，因此，到了我们采取措施应对这一挑战的时候了。(itishightime)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Globalwarminghasbeeaseriouschallengetomankindandanimals,soitishightimethatwetook/shouldtakemeasurestodealwithit.4．只有我们停止这种粗暴对待环境的方式，我们才能和环境和谐相处。(roughly)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Onlybystop